Neobanks: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities
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UNIT - I Evolution of Banking (Origin and Development of Banking)
UNIT - I Evolution of Banking (Origin and development of Banking) The evolution of banking can be traced back to the early times of human history. The history of banking begins with the first prototype banks of merchants of the ancient world, which made grain loans to farmers and traders who carried goods between cities. This began around 2000 BC in Assyria and Babylonia. In olden times people deposited their money and valuables at temples, as they are the safest place available at that time. The practice of storing precious metals at safe places and loaning money was prevalent in ancient Rome. However modern Banking is of recent origin. The development of banking from the traditional lines to the modern structure passes through Merchant bankers, Goldsmiths, Money lenders and Private banks. Merchant Bankers were originally traders in goods. Gradually they started to finance trade and then become bankers. Goldsmiths are considered as the men of honesty, integrity and reliability. They provided strong iron safe for keeping valuables and money. They issued deposit receipts (Promissory notes) to people when they deposit money and valuables with them. The goldsmith paid interest on these deposits. Apart from accepting deposits, Goldsmiths began to lend a part of money deposited with them. Then they became bankers who perform both the basic banking functions such as accepting deposit and lending money. Money lenders were gradually replaced by private banks. Private banks were established in a more organised manner. The growth of Joint stock commercial banking was started only after the enactment of Banking Act 1833 in England. -
Neobank Varo on Serving Customers' Needs As P2P Payments See A
AUGUST 2021 Neobank Varo on serving customers’ needs as P2P payments see Nigerian consumers traded $38 million worth of bitcoin on P2P platforms within the past month a rapid rise in usage — Page 12 (News and Trends) — Page 8 (Feature Story) How P2P payments are growing more popular for a range of use cases, and why interoperability will be needed to keep growth robust — Page 16 (Deep Dive) © 2021 PYMNTS.com All Rights Reserved 1 DisbursementsTracker® Table Of Contents WHATʼS INSIDE A look at recent disbursements developments, including why P2P payments are becoming more valuable 03 to consumers and businesses alike and how these solutions are poised to grow even more popular in the years ahead FEATURE STORY An interview with with Wesley Wright, chief commercial and product officer at neobank Varo, on the rapid 08 rise of P2P payments adoption among consumers of all ages and how leveraging internal P2P platforms and partnerships with third-party providers can help FIs cater to customer demand NEWS AND TRENDS The latest headlines from the disbursements space, including recent survey results showing that almost 12 80 percent of U.S. consumers used P2P payments last year and how the U.K. government can take a page from the U.S. in using instant payments to help SMBs stay afloat DEEP DIVE An in-depth look at how P2P payments are meeting the needs of a growing number of consumers, how 16 this shift has prompted consumers to expand how they leverage them and why network interoperability is key to helping the space grow in the future PROVIDER DIRECTORY 21 A look at top disbursement companies ABOUT 116 Information on PYMNTS.com and Ingo Money ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Disbursements Tracker® was produced in collaboration with Ingo Money, and PYMNTS is grateful for the companyʼs support and insight. -
Nonprofit and Mutual Firms in the Development of the U.S. Personal Finance Industry
Organizational Form and Industry Emergence: Nonprofit and Mutual Firms in the Development of the U.S. Personal Finance Industry R. Daniel Wadhwani Eberhardt School of Business University of the Pacific [email protected] This article examines historical variations in the ownership and governance of firms in the U.S. personal finance industry between the early nineteenth century and the Great Depression. It focuses, in particular, on mutual savings banks and their role in the development of the intermediated market for savings accounts. Economic theories of commercial nonprofits and mutuals usually emphasise the advantages of such ownership and governance structures in reducing agency and monitoring costs in markets that suffer from information asymmetries in exchanges between firms and their customers. While I find some evidence to support these theories, I also find that mutual savings banks predominated in the early years of the industry because the form offered entrepreneurial advantages over investor-owned corporations and because in some states they benefitted from regulatory and political advantages that joint-stock savings banks lacked. Their relative decline by the early twentieth century was the result of increasing competition in the market for savings deposits, the loosening of regulatory barriers to entry, and changes in public policy that reduced the transaction, innovation and regulatory advantages that the mutual savings bank form had once held. The article draws out the theoretical implications for our understanding of the historical role of nonprofit and mutual firms. Keywords: nonprofit; trusteeship; mutual; cooperative; savings banks; governance; ownership; organizational form; entrepreneurship; innovation. 1 Introduction In recent years, business historians have devoted increasing attention to understanding variation in the organizational forms of modern enterprise. -
Determinants of Automated Teller Machine Deployment: the Case of Commercial Banks of Ethiopia
DSpace Institution DSpace Repository http://dspace.org Economics Thesis and Dissertations 2020-10-20 Determinants of Automated Teller Machine Deployment: The case of commercial banks of Ethiopia Mahilet Demissie http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/11430 Downloaded from DSpace Repository, DSpace Institution's institutional repository Determinants of Automated Teller Machine Deployment: The case of commercial banks of Ethiopia A Thesis Submitted to Bahir Dar University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Degree of Masters of Science in Accounting and Finance Bahir Dar University College of Business and Economics Department of Accounting and Finance BY: Mahilet Demissie Adane Advisor: Teramaje Wale (Dr.) February, 2018 Bahir Dar, Ethiopia i Statement of declaration This is to certify that the thesis work by Mahilet Demissie entitled as “Determinants of Automated teller machine Deployment in Commercial Banks of Ethiopia”. A Thesis Submitted to Bahir Dar University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Degree of Masters of Science in Accounting and Finance. Compilies with the regulations of the university and meets the accepted standard with respect to originality and quality. Approved by the examining committee Advisor: -------------------------------- Signature-----------------Date-------------------- External Examiner:----------------------Signature ----------------Date----------------- Internal Examiner: -------------------------Signature--------------Date----------------- Chair person :--------------------------------Signature--------------Date--------------- ii Acknowledgement First of all, I would like to thank the Almighty God and his mother for their entire help trough out my life. Next, I would like to thank my advisor Teramaje Wale (Dr.) for his unreserved advice for the completion of this thesis. My grateful thanks also go to National Bank of Ethiopia, head office of each bank for their positive cooperation in giving the relevant data for the study. -
(2019). Bank X, the New Banks
BANK X The New New Banks Citi GPS: Global Perspectives & Solutions March 2019 Citi is one of the world’s largest financial institutions, operating in all major established and emerging markets. Across these world markets, our employees conduct an ongoing multi-disciplinary conversation – accessing information, analyzing data, developing insights, and formulating advice. As our premier thought leadership product, Citi GPS is designed to help our readers navigate the global economy’s most demanding challenges and to anticipate future themes and trends in a fast-changing and interconnected world. Citi GPS accesses the best elements of our global conversation and harvests the thought leadership of a wide range of senior professionals across our firm. This is not a research report and does not constitute advice on investments or a solicitations to buy or sell any financial instruments. For more information on Citi GPS, please visit our website at www.citi.com/citigps. Citi Authors Ronit Ghose, CFA Kaiwan Master Rahul Bajaj, CFA Global Head of Banks Global Banks Team GCC Banks Research Research +44-20-7986-4028 +44-20-7986-0241 +966-112246450 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Charles Russell Robert P Kong, CFA Yafei Tian, CFA South Africa Banks Asia Banks, Specialty Finance Hong Kong & Taiwan Banks Research & Insurance Research & Insurance Research +27-11-944-0814 +65-6657-1165 +852-2501-2743 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Judy Zhang China Banks & Brokers Research +852-2501-2798 -
Pa Perspectives on Nordic Financial Services
PA PERSPECTIVES ON NORDIC FINANCIAL SERVICES Autumn Edition 2017 CONTENTS The personal banking market 3 Interview with Jesper Nielsen, Head of Personal Banking at Danske bank Platform thinking 8 Why platform business models represent a double-edged sword for big banks What is a Neobank – really? 11 The term 'neobanking' gains increasing attention in the media – but what is a neobank? Is BankID positioned for the 14future? Interview with Jan Bjerved, CEO of the Norwegian identity scheme BankID The dance around the GAFA 16God Quarterly performance development 18 Latest trends in the Nordics Value map for financial institutions 21 Nordic Q2 2017 financial highlights 22 Factsheet 24 Contact us Chief editors and Nordic financial services experts Knut Erlend Vik Thomas Bjørnstad [email protected] [email protected] +47 913 61 525 +47 917 91 052 Nordic financial services experts Göran Engvall Magnus Krusberg [email protected] [email protected] +46 721 936 109 +46 721 936 110 Martin Tillisch Olaf Kjaer [email protected] [email protected] +45 409 94 642 +45 222 02 362 2 PA PERSPECTIVES ON NORDIC FINANCIAL SERVICES The personal BANKING MARKET We sat down with Jesper Nielsen, Head of Personal Banking at Danske Bank to hear his views on how the personal banking market is developing and what he forsees will be happening over the next few years. AUTHOR: REIAR NESS PA: To start with the personal banking market: losses are at an all time low. As interest rates rise, Banking has historically been a traditional industry, loss rates may change, and have to be watched. -
Online Or Neobanks: Convenience Could Cost You!
Online Or Neobanks: Convenience Could Cost You! As if choosing a property isn’t hard enough, there is also the The main difference between an online/digital bank and a added challenge of selecting the right lender and home loan Neobank is that a Neobank is completely online and does not use from the vast number of options available. any existing infrastructure or systems to operate2. Whether it is your first home, upgraded next home, investment ING and ME are examples of banks using existing banking property or a refinance, deciding where to finance your home infrastructure to offer online finance but they are not Neobanks. loan can be a tough decision – and rightly so. There are over 130 lenders in Australia!1. Plus, there is the added trend of online Online and Neobank lending sound too good to be and Neobank lending. true? More and more Australians are turning to online lenders when Probably because for many, it could be. taking out a loan. Why? Because of convenience, self-service Why? and low interest rates. • Less personalised service – There is less focus on personal Online banks relationships and recommending loans suited to your specific An online bank is an organisation that operates solely, or mostly, situation. online. Emerging fintech lenders promise streamlined home loans • Limited range – Online lenders generally offer a limited range as easy as 1-2-3 through the digital platform. of products – no frills to keep the interest rates down! Do you Some online banks are backed by larger more well-known really know the product that suits you best? traditional banks. -
Mystery of Banking.Pdf
The Mystery of Banking Murray N. Rothbard The Mystery of Banking Murray N. Rothbard Richardson & Snyder 1983 First Edition The Mystery of Banking ©1983 by Murray N. Rothbard Library of Congress in publication Data: 1. Rothbard, Murray N. 2. Banking 16th Century-20th Century 3. Development of Modern Banking 4. Types of Banks, by Function, Bank Fraud and Pitfalls of Banking Systems 5. Money Supply. Inflation 1 The Mystery of Banking Murray N. Rothbard Contents Chapter I Money: Its Importance and Origins 1 1. The Importance of Money 1 2. How Money Begins 3 3. The Proper Qualifies of Money 6 4. The Money Unit 9 Chapter II What Determines Prices: Supply and Demand 15 Chapter III Money and Overall Prices 29 1. The Supply and Demand for Money and Overall Prices 29 2. Why Overall Prices Change 36 Chapter IV The Supply of Money 43 1. What Should the Supply of Money Be? 44 2. The Supply of Gold and the Counterfeiting Process 47 3. Government Paper Money 51 4. The Origins of Government Paper ,Money 55 Chapter V The Demand for Money 59 1. The Supply of Goods and Services 59 2. Frequency of Payment 60 3. Clearing Systems 63 4. Confidence in the Money 65 5. Inflationary or Deflationary Expectations 66 Chapter VI Loan Banking 77 Chapter VII Deposit Banking 87 1. Warehouse Receipts 87 2. Deposit Banking and Embezzlement 91 2 The Mystery of Banking Murray N. Rothbard 3. Fractional Reserve Banking 95 4. Bank Notes and Deposits 103 Chapter VIII Free Banking and The Limits on Bank Credit Inflation 111 Chapter X Central Banking: Determining Total Reserves 143 1. -
Building a Customer-Centric Digital Bank in Singapore: It Takes an Ecosystem
White Paper Digital Banking EQUINIX AND KAPRONASIA BUILDING A CUSTOMER-CENTRIC DIGITAL BANK IN SINGAPORE: IT TAKES AN ECOSYSTEM Contents The dawn of digital banking in the Lion City Defining a value proposition . 2 No digital bank, in the purest sense of the term, Digital banking in Singapore amid COVID-19 . 4 currently exists in Singapore. While there are many fintechs, most provide only digital financial services The digital banking opportunity: that do not require a banking license: digital wallet retail and corporate . 5 services, cross-border payments and various virtual- asset-focused services. A digital bank (also known Key success factors for digital banks . 7 as a “neobank” or “virtual bank”) differs in that it is licensed to both accept customer deposits and issue 1. Digital agility to support a better loans, whether to retail customers, corporate customers customer experience. .7 or both. Singapore’s financial regulator, the Monetary 2. Favorable cost structure. .8 Authority of Singapore (MAS) plans to release five digital bank licenses in total and will announce the 3. Optimizing security .............................8 successful licensees in the second half of 2020. The licensed digital banks will likely then launch in mid-2021. Conclusion: The ecosystem opportunity . 10 While many less-developed Southeast Asian economies are leveraging digital banks to focus on financial inclusion, the role of digital banks in Singapore will be slightly different and focused on driving innovation. Bringing together traditional financial services firms, fintechs, other tech companies and even telecoms Singapore will become one of the firms, digital banks could act as a catalyst for financial focal points of Asia’s digital banking innovation in Singapore and help the city-state maintain evolution when the city-state awards its competitive advantage as a regional fintech hub. -
Designing a Sustainable Digital Bank Learning from the Digital Pioneers
IBM Sales and Distribution Banking White Paper Executive Summary Designing a sustainable digital bank Learning from the digital pioneers In an era of unprecedented change, technology offers banking clients greater access to information than ever before. Out of this revolutionary advance, a new class of smarter and more demanding customers has emerged. In tandem, new financial players are moving quickly to offer new compelling digital services. As with every major change triggered by technological advancement, there are clear winners and those who are unable to adapt. Banks that embrace digitization have an opportunity to generate new business value and better engage with their customers. The surge of new entrants riding the digital wave Banking has traditionally been a conservative industry that enjoys rela- tively high barriers to entry due to regulations that restrain access for non-bank competitors. New digital technologies—driven by cloud, mobile, social and analytics—have drastically lower entry barriers. Regulators in many countries have also relaxed regulations to encourage innovations in the banking industry. As a result, many new all-digital financial services firms, unencumbered by older less agile systems are aggressively pursuing customers by addressing their needs in new and dis- tinct ways. For instance, Chinese internet giant Tencent created WeBank hoping to capitalize on its vast user base of microblogging and peer-to- peer chatting services. E-commerce leaders such as Tesco in Europe, Rakuten in Asia-Pacific and Walmart in the US have also entered the IBM Sales and Distribution Banking White Paper Executive Summary banking sector. Globally, entrepreneurs and even traditional ●● Model C, a digital bank subsidiary: Many banking innovators banks are creating digital-only banks or neobanks. -
The Theory and History of Banking
T H E H EO RY A ND H IST O O F B A NK ING CHARLES F . DUNBAR MRLY P E OF P LITICAL EC MY HARVARD U IVE ITY O ROF SSOR O ONO . N RS W ITH CHAPTE RS ON FOREIGN E"CHANGE AND CENTRAL B ANKS B Y L VE AGUE O I R M. W . SPR P FE OF B K G AND F CE H V D U V E TY RO SSOR AN IN INAN . AR AR NI RSI W ITH SU PPLEMENTARY CHAPTER PRESENTING RECORD OF THE FEDERAL RESERV E SYSTEM B Y HENRY PARKE R WILLIS Pnon sso a op B ANKING COLUMB IA U NI VE RSI TY FORuE RLY EC E T Y FED E L E E a a S R AR RA RES RV li t 8 E 4 FOURTH E DITION A ’ G . P . PUTN MS SONS NEW YORK AND LONDON Obe finichetboc ket p ress o ri h 1 8 1 C p y g t , 9 b y e s n bar Ch arl F. Du o ri h . 1 0 1 1 9 1 7 . by C p y g t 9 , ’ P . P n am s Son s G . ut o ri h 1 2 2 b C p y g t , 9 , y ' P. Pu n am s Son s G . t Fi rst P ublish ed { 8 91 con d sed Ed n 1 S e Revi i ti o 1 90 T rd R d E d i on 1 1 h i e vi se it 9 7 Four h R evi sed E di i on Oc ober 1 2 2 t t t . -
Latin America: Global Investors' New Fintech Frontier
Co-authored by WHITE PAPER Latin America: Global Investors’ New Fintech Frontier Insights from Leading Banks, Venture Capital and Private Equity Investors 1 LATIN AMERICA: GLOBAL INVESTORS’ NEW FINTECH FRONTIER WHITE PAPER EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW CONTENTS Mega-deals and marquee global 1. A Market Inflection: Global investors are making headlines in Latin Investment in Latin American American fintech. The region is digitally- Fintech .................................................... 3 connected and rife with underbanked populations and a burgeoning talent 2. Insight into LatAm’s Fintech pool. Available early and later-stage Arrival ...................................................... 5 growth capital from both local and global venture capital, private equity and corporate ventures, rounds out 3. Dynamics Driven by Outside the situational factors essential for a Investors ................................................. 8 thriving fintech hub – and accelerates opportunities for founders and funders. 4. Factors for Long Term Success ....12 This paper captures the global investor point-of-view, while exploring the trend 5. Key Questions for the Future ........16 of ecosystem improvements that have led to LatAm’s breakout, including the emergence of new talent, early startup 6. Appendix: Research Sources .........17 successes and ambitious regulatory reform. The paper showcases how these sector changes have invited deeper investor participation – and examines the outside influence of global investors’ new practices and perspectives. It concludes with an exploration of the opportunities and challenges these marketplace shifts create. The insights in this report are based on interviews with leading, active global investors as well as fintech sector trend research. The paper is intended for global investors pursuing or considering the Latin American fintech sector; fintechs in the region open to funding from investors based outside the region; and all others interested in trends and data behind the growth story that is LatAm fintech.