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INTERESSANTES AUS DER STADTGESCHICHTE ISTANBULS FRIEDHÖFE IN GALATA Die Begräbnisstätten definieren in der Regel die Grenzen der Städte. Zur Zeit des Römischen und Byzantinischen Kaiserreiches befand sich ein sol - ches Gebiet zwischen den bis heute erhaltenen Theodosius-Landmauern und den Konstantin- mauern. Nach der Eroberung der Stadt durch die Osmanen wurden auf der europäischen Seite die Gebiete außerhalb der Landmauern bzw. außerhalb der Galata-Mauern und auf der asiatischen Seite die Außengebiete von Üsküdar als muslimische Be- Die mit dem Boot aus Istanbul überführten Lei- gräbnisstätten bestimmt. chen wurden zum Kleinen Friedhof gebracht und Reisende , die ab dem 16. Jahrhundert nach Istan- auf diesem Hügel mit Blick auf das Goldene Horn bul kamen, beschreiben häufig in ihren bildlichen begraben. Aufgrund der Nähe zu Kasımpaşa und Darstellungen und Beschreibungen diese ebenfalls der Werft befanden sich hier viele Seemannsgräber. auch als „Parkflächen” genutzten Friedhöfe. In der Der untere Rand des Friedhofs erstreckte sich bis Galata-Region werden oftmals zwei Bereiche be- zu den Teichen, das obere Ende erstreckte sich von schrieben: Şişhane bis zum Galataturm und nach Norden bis Der muslimische Friedhof, der von Taksim über zum alten Tepebaşı-Garten . Ayaspaşa nach Fındıklı abstieg, wurde Großer Dieser Friedhof wurde ab Mitte des 19. Jh. Stück Friedhof (Büyük Mezaristan / Champ des Morts für Stück zerstört. Als Cemal Pascha zu Beginn des de Pera) genannt. Im Gegensatz dazu wurde der Ersten Weltkriegs Marineminister wurde, wurden Friedhof, der sich auf den Kämmen von Kasım- viele Friedhofssteine und Bäume entfernt. paşa bis Şişhane-Tepebaşı ausbreitete und von Kuledibi nach Tophane abfiel, Kleiner Friedhof Die letzten verbliebenen Steine am Rande von (Küçük Mezaristan / Petit Champ des Morts de Yüksekkaldırım in Kuledibi wurden ebenfalls Pera) genannt. 1936 entfernt und dazu verwendet, um hier die Spitze der Sperrmauer einzuebnen und den Boden für den Teil zu bilden, in dem der Teegarten ge- baut wurde. Noch vor kurzer Zeit wurden vom Eingang der Büyükhendek-Straße auf der Şişhane-Seite einige Grabsteine entfernt. Dies ist ein Beweis dafür, dass der Kleine Friedhof von Kuledibi entlang des Gra- bens zum Ufer abstieg. Dr. Meryem Fındıkgil Nächsten Monat: Friedhöfe in Galata II.

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