Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2009

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2009 Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2009 and Developments Trends of Global Overview Internal Displacement Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre Norwegian Refugee Council Internal Displacement Chemin de Balexert 7-9 CH-1219 Châtelaine (Geneva) Tel.: +41 22 799 07 00, Fax: +41 22 799 07 01 Global Overview of Trends and www.internal-displacement.org Developments in 2009 Internally displaced people worldwide December 2009 Turkey 954,000–1,201,000 Russian Federation Armenia Azerbaijan Uzbekistan 80,000 8,400 586,000 FYR Macedonia 3,400 Serbia 650 Turkmenistan 225,000– Undetermined 230,000 Georgia Kosovo At least Afghanistan 19,700 230,000 At least 297,000 Croatia 2,400 Bosnia & Herz. 114,000 Cyprus Up to 201,000 Pakistan 1,230,000 Israel Undetermined Nepal 50,000–70,000 Occupied Palestinian Territory At least 160,000 India Algeria At least 500,000 Undetermined Chad 168,000 Bangladesh Senegal Iraq 60,000–500,000 24,000–40,000 2,764,000 Mexico The Philippines 5,000–8,000 Liberia Sri Lanka 125,000–188,000 Undetermined Syria 433,000 400,000 Côte d´Ivoire Lebanon Undetermined 90,000–390,000 Guatemala Togo Yemen Myanmar Undetermined Undetermined At least 175,000 At least 470,000 Indonesia Eritrea 70,000–120,000 Timor-Leste Niger 10,000 Colombia 6,500 400 3,300,000–4,900,000 Ethiopia Nigeria 300,000– Undetermined CAR 350,000 162,000 Peru Sudan Somalia 150,000 4,900,000 1,500,000 Congo Kenya 7,800 Undetermined DRC Uganda 1,900,000 At least 437,000 Angola Rwanda Undetermined Burundi Undetermined 100,000 Zimbabwe 570,000–1,000,000 Internal Displacement Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2009 May 2010 Internally displaced children shell their family’s monthly ten-kilogramme ration of beans inside their home at Buhimbe Camp near Goma in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. (Photo: IRIN/Aubrey Graham, July 2009) Contributors Authors and contributors: Sebastián Albuja, Christophe Beau, Alice Farmer, Anne- Kathrin Glatz, Edmund Jennings, Cecilia Jimenez, Kate Halff, Karim Khalil, Frederik Kok, Kim Mancini, Barbara McCallin, Marzia Montemurro, Laura Perez, Katinka Ridderbos, Jacob Rothing, Nuur Mohamud Sheekh, Nina Sluga, Nadine Walicki, Greta Zeender Thanks also to Simone Cosma, Véronique de Crouy and Jacqueline Shahinian at IDMC, and to the staff of the Norwegian Refugee Council for their assistance and advice. Editors: Nina M. Birkeland, Kate Halff and Edmund Jennings Maps and layout: Rachel Dolores Database: Ali Anwar Design: Laris(s)a, laris-s-a.com Printing: SRO-Kundig, Geneva Cover photo: An internally displaced family leaving Jalozai camp, about 140 kilo- metres north-west of Pakistan’s capital Islamabad. (Photo: REUTERS/Ali Imam, July 2009) Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre Norwegian Refugee Council Chemin de Balexert 7–9, CH-1219 Châtelaine (Geneva), Switzerland Tel. : +41 22 799 07 00 Fax : +41 22 799 07 01 www.internal-displacement.org The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) was established by the Nor- wegian Refugee Council in 1998, upon the request of the United Nations, to set up a global database on internal displacement. A decade later, IDMC remains the leading source of information and analysis on internal displacement caused by confl ict and violence worldwide. IDMC aims to support better international and national responses to situations of internal displacement and respect for the rights of internally displaced people (IDPs), who are often among the world’s most vulnerable people. It also aims to promote durable solutions for IDPs, through return, local integration or settlement elsewhere in the country. IDMC’s main activities include: Monitoring and reporting on internal displacement caused by confl ict, generalised violence and violations of human rights; Researching, analysing and advocating for the rights of IDPs; Training and strengthening capacities on the protection of IDPs; Contributing to the development of standards and guidance on protecting and assisting IDPs. IDMC thanks the donors who supported its work in 2009 and thereby made it possible to produce this report: The Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA), USA‘s USAID, the UK‘s DFID, Australia‘s AusAID, Sweden’s SIDA, the Swiss FDFA, Canada’s DFAIT, the Dutch MFA, Tides Foundation, the Liechtenstein MFA, the Luxembourg MFA, the European Commission’s Humanitarian Aid Offi ce (ECHO), the Offi ce of the UN High Commissio- ner for Refugees (UNHCR), Stichting Vluchteling, the UN’s Offi ce for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and other supporters. Guide to country pages The maps and tables are intended to make the most essential information on a situation of internal displacement accessible at a glance. 8]EHNLVWDQ 7DMLNLVWDQ 7XUNPHQLVWDQ Afghanistan .DEXO Quick facts Number of IDPs 297,000 Percentage of total population 1.1% 3DNLVWDQ Start of current displacement situation 2001 ,UDQ Peak number of IDPs (Year) 1,200,000 (2002) New displacement 250,000 Causes of displacementInternational armed confl ict Human development index 181 Quick facts Key to maps and symbols The estimated number of IDPs is rounded (for example, to the nearest hundred or ten thousand) according to the size of the Areas of origin of IDPs population displaced. Where the estimated number is given, the percentage of the Areas to which people have been displaced country population is also included. Percentages are based on the country population fi gures listed in UNFPA’s State of World Population 2009 at www.unfpa.org/swp. It should be noted Areas within which people have been displaced that there is some uncertainty over the population of several countries in this report and using other available population New displacement reported in 2009 estimates would give signifi cantly different percentage results. In countries where the number of IDPs has been signifi - cantly larger in the past, the highest recorded number and IDPs in situation of protracted displacement year are noted. New displacements and returns in 2009 are noted where Urban displacement they were specifi cally reported; however the actual number of new displacements or returns may well be higher. Reports National legal framework or policy pertaining to the of returns do not necessarily indicate that IDPs have found protection of IDPs in place at the end of 2009 durable solutions to their displacement. The causes of displacement listed include internal, inter- IDP profi ling exercise completed national and internationalised armed confl ict, situations of generalised violence, and violations of human rights. IDMC National human rights institutions with full accreditation did not in 2009 monitor situations of disaster-related internal (status A) according to the Paris Principles in 2009: see displacement. www.nhri.net for more information The Human Development Index ranking gives an idea of the level of development of a country based on the population’s Signatories in 2009 to the African Union Convention for life expectancy, literacy, educational attainment, and the gross the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (the Kampala Convention) domestic product per capita. Countries with a ranking of up to 75 are considered highly developed, and those with a ranking between 154 and 179 are the least developed countries in the list. A small number of countries facing ongoing confl ict are not ranked. Contents Key fi ndings . 8 Introduction . 11 Global developments in 2009 . 12 Global trends . 13 Reported movements . 15 IDPs living in displacement . 18 Durable solutions. 21 Responses to internal displacement . 24 Internal displacement in Africa . 29 Internal displacement in the Americas . 48 Internal displacement in Europe and Central Asia . 53 Internal displacement in the Middle East . 64 Internal displacement in South and South-East Asia . 72 Key fi ndings Facts and fi gures Number of people internally displaced by confl ict or 27.1 million violence as of December 2009 Number of countries covered by this report 54 Most affected region Africa (11.6 million IDPs in 21 countries) Region with the largest relative increase in number of South and South-East Asia (with a 23 per cent year-on-year IDPs in 2009 increase from 3.5 million to 4.3 million) Countries with over a million people identifi ed as IDPs 6 (Sudan, Colombia, Iraq, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia, Pakistan) Countries with at least 200,000 people newly displaced 8 (Pakistan, DRC, Sudan, the Philippines, Somalia, Colombia, in 2009 (in order of scale) Sri Lanka, Ethiopia) Countries with at least 200,000 people returning during 6 (Pakistan, DRC, Uganda, Sudan, Kenya, the Philippines) 2009 (in order of scale) Countries with new internal displacement in 2009 23 Countries with a signifi cant proportion of IDPs living in At least 34 protracted displacement Countries in which almost all IDPs lived in identifi ed 3 (Burundi, Chad, Uganda) sites Countries with IDPs in urban environments At least 48 Countries with legislation or policies specifi cally 16 addressing internal displacement 8 Numbers Parties to confl icts failed to respect their obligations to protect civilians, and displacement will continue to disrupt and des- At the end of 2009, the number of people internally displaced troy people’s lives unless there is continuing engagement to by confl ict, generalised violence or human rights violations encourage all parties to confl ict to uphold these obligations. across the world stood at approximately 27.1 million. This fi gure represented an increase of over a million people compared with the 26 million IDPs estimated for 2008 and also for 2007. Protection issues Over half of the world’s internally displaced people (IDPs) were Most of the people internally displaced at the end of 2009 in fi ve countries: Sudan, Colombia, Iraq, DRC and Somalia. had already been living in displacement in 2008. The situa- The region with most IDPs was Africa, with 11.6 million.
Recommended publications
  • Estinians • Vocational Training for Youth with Special Needs in Jordan • Agricultural Development Training for Female Heads Of
    Non-Profi t Org. United Palestinian Appeal US Postage 1330 New Hampshire Ave NW PAID Suite 104 Jacksonville, FL Washington, DC 20036 U.S.A. Permit No. 34 Issue 13 • Winter 2017 Join UPA’s Circle of Hope $10 / month! Use the enclosed envelope By Mail: (check “Monthly”) Online: helpupa.org/hope By Phone: 855-659-5007, ext. 202 In This Issue: • Offi cial opening of UPA surgical unit in Ramallah Help support marginalized Palestinians • Vocational training for youth with special needs in Jordan • Agricultural development training for female heads of In 2015, 97% of UPA’s operating expenses went to programs that households in the West Bank 97% Programs 2% Management 1% Fundraising directly benefi ted Palestinian communities in need. and more… UPA is a registered 501(c)(3) non-profi t ACCREDITED Like UPA www.helpupa.org organization. Contributions are tax- CHARITY [email protected] Follow @UPAconnect deductible according to applicable laws. give.org Tel: 855-659-5007 Letter from the Executive Director Arts and Culture “I have a beautiful feeling when I am with this group. I am “They are an inspiration” very happy to be learning and am having life-changing The Palestinian Institute for UPA Benefi t Concert: Music for experiences by being exposed to these concepts that explain Dear Friends of UPA, Cultural Development (NAWA) Life behavior. These sessions are helping me at home with my children and family as well as in my community. I can say UPA awarded a grant to NAWA to support its mission to In October 2016, UPA held a benefi t concert featuring Ramzi A day before Thanksgiving I returned from a trip to the West this is a common feeling among the other mothers in the restore and protect the Palestinian collective memory, Aburedwan and his Dal’ouna Ensemble.
    [Show full text]
  • PHOTOJOURNALISM EDITORIAL Can There Be Too Much Coverage of a Conflict? the Question May Seem Disrespectful, but It Still Needs to Be Asked, and Answered
    ASSOCIATION VISA POUR L’IMAGE - PERPIGNAN © LAURENT VAN DER STOCKT Couvent des Minimes, 24, rue Rabelais, 66000 Perpignan FOR LE MONDE/ Getty ImaGeS ReportaGe SEPTEMBER 2 Tel: +33 (0)4 68 62 38 00 Mosul, Iraq, March 19, 2017 e-mail: [email protected] - www.visapourlimage.com FB Visa pour l’Image - Perpignan TO 17, 2017 @Visapourlimage PRESIDENT JEAN-PAUL GRIOLET VICE-PRESIDENT / TREASURER PIERRE BRANLE COORDINATION ARNAUD FÉLICI ASSISTANTS (COORDINATION) ANAÏS MONTELS & JÉRÉMY TABARDIN PRESS / PUBLIC RELATIONS 2E BUREAU 18, rue Portefoin - 75003 Paris Tel: +33 (0)1 42 33 93 18 e-mail: [email protected] www.2e-bureau.com DIRECTOR SYLVIE GRUMBACH MANAGEMENT / ACCREDITATIONS VALÉRIE BOURGOIS PRESS MARTIAL HOBENICHE, CLÉMENCE ANEZOT TATIANA FOKINA, CAMILLE GRENARD, DANIELA JACQUET FESTIVAL MANAGEMENT IMAGES EVIDENCE 4, rue Chapon - Bâtiment B 75003 Paris Tel : +33 (0)1 44 78 66 80 e-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] FB Jean Francois Leroy Twitter @jf_leroy Instagram @visapourlimage DIRECTOR GENERAL JEAN-FRANÇOIS LEROY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DELPHINE LELU COORDINATION CHRISTINE TERNEAU ASSISTANT LOUIS MARTINEZ SENIOR ADVISOR JEAN LELIÈVRE SENIOR ADVISOR – USA ELIANE LAFFONT SUPERINTENDANCE ALAIN TOURNAILLE TEXTS FOR EVENING SHOWS, EVENING PRESENTATIONS & RECORDED VOICE SONIA CHIRONI EVENING PRESENTATIONS PAULINE CAZAUBON “MEET THE PHOTOGRAPHERS” MODERATOR CAROLINE LAURENT-SIMON PROOFREADING OF FRENCH TEXTS & CAPTIONS BÉATRICE LEROY BLOG & “MEET THE PHOTOGRAPHERS” MODERATOR VINCENT JOLLY COMMUNITY MANAGER KYLA WOODS
    [Show full text]
  • Kent Academic Repository Full Text Document (Pdf)
    Kent Academic Repository Full text document (pdf) Citation for published version Hassouneh, Nadine (2015) (Re)tuning Statelessness. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) thesis, University of Kent. DOI Link to record in KAR https://kar.kent.ac.uk/55209/ Document Version UNSPECIFIED Copyright & reuse Content in the Kent Academic Repository is made available for research purposes. Unless otherwise stated all content is protected by copyright and in the absence of an open licence (eg Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher, author or other copyright holder. Versions of research The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record. Enquiries For any further enquiries regarding the licence status of this document, please contact: [email protected] If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html (Re)tuning*Statelessness** ! Academic(knowledge(production(on(Palestine(and(its(people(has(been(very(resonant(for( decades.(Yet,(and(despite(the(high(frequency(of(production,(some(aspects(of(Palestine( and( Palestinians( have( not( been(investigated(nor(brought(together(thus(far.((This( composition( fuses( three( reverberations( that( accompany( Palestinians( living( away( from( their(homeland:(statelessness,(diasporisation,(and((de)mobilisation.(The(dissertation(is(
    [Show full text]
  • WHEN CIVILIANS ARE TARGETS What Will It Take to Stop the Carnage?
    Winners of the Overseas Press Club Awards 2017 Annual Edition DATELINE WHEN CIVILIANS ARE TARGETS What will it take to stop the carnage? DATELINE 2017 1 President’s Letter / dEIdRE dEPkE here is a theme to our gathering tonight at the 78th entries, narrowing them to our 22 winners. Our judging process was annual Overseas Press Club Gala, and it’s not an easy one. ably led by Scott Kraft of the Los Our work as journalists across the globe is under Angeles Times. Sarah Lubman headed our din- unprecedented and frightening attack. Since the conflict in ner committee, setting new records TSyria began in 2011, 107 journalists there have been killed, according the for participation. She was support- Committee to Protect Journalists. That’s more members of the press corps ed by Bill Holstein, past president of the OPC and current head of to die than were lost during 20 years of war in Vietnam. In the past year, the OPC Foundation’s board, and our colleagues also have been fatally targeted in Iraq, Yemen and Ukraine. assisted by her Brunswick colleague Beatriz Garcia. Since 2013, the Islamic State has captured or killed 11 journalists. Almost This outstanding issue of Date- 300 reporters, editors and photographers are being illegally detained by line was edited by Michael Serrill, a past president of the OPC. Vera governments around the world, with at least 81 journalists imprisoned Naughton is the designer (she also in Turkey alone. And at home, we have been labeled the “enemy of the recently updated the OPC logo).
    [Show full text]
  • Parte Políticas Atravess Falar/Ide Nota-Se Do Enga Debates Para Alé E Nacion Ponte, Resistên Sendo Coloniai Israel/Es Imagem
    Parte considerável das lutas políticas contemporâneas está “Desde 1948, os palestinos vivem condenados à humilhação atravessada pelo par “lugar de perpétua. Não podem nem respirar sem permissão. Perderam falar/identidade”. Nesta díade, sua pátria, suas terras, sua água, sua liberdade, tudo. Nem nota-se um esvaziamento trágico do engajamento das esquerdas por sequer têm o direito de eleger seus governantes. Quando debates que tenham um alcance votam em quem não devem votar são castigados. Gaza para além das fronteiras biográfi cas está sendo castigada. Converteu-se em uma ratoeira sem e nacionais. “Palestina” é um livro- ponte, nos conecta à história de saída, desde que o Hamas ganhou limpamente as eleições resistência de um povo que está de 2006.” sendo submetido às políticas coloniais e segregacionistas de Israel/Estados Unidos há 71 anos. A Gaza, por Eduardo Galeano imagem da ponte também nos serve para pensar o tipo de ética política sobre o qual o livro se estrutura. O “Outro”, o povo palestino, torna- se “Eu”. E aqui encontramos outra característica deste livro: é também Sayid Marcos Tenório é historiador um livro-testemunho. Não se trata e especialista em relações inter- de uma empreitada exclusivamente nacionais. É ativista internaciona- intelectual. Ao escrever sobre a lista da causa palestina há mais Palestina, Sayid também se inscreve, de 30 anos, com artigos publica- também se narra. Podemos rastreá- dos sobre temas relacionados à lo pelos artigos escritos, nos eventos Palestina e outras causas de direitos que participou e organizou. Este livro humanos, justiça social, lutas é a síntese provisória de três décadas populares e soberania dos povos.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestine Red Crescent Society
    Palestine Red Crescent Society Appeal No. MAAPS001 Programme Update No.2 This report covers the period of 01/01/2007 to 30/06/2007. In a world of global challenges, continued poverty, inequity, and increasing vulnerability to disasters and disease, the International Federation with its global network, works to accomplish its Global Agenda, partnering with local community and civil society to prevent and alleviate human suffering from disasters, diseases and public health emergencies. Palestine Red Crescent Society ambulance crew in action during the recent Gaza conflict. Photo: Palestine Red Crescent Society. In brief Programme Summary: Despite huge financial challenges and tighter closure of the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt), effectively separating cities and villages from each other and making it almost impossible for Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) staff and volunteers to travel between the West Bank and Gaza Strip, the society has been able to continue carrying out its humanitarian mission for the most vulnerable people. This has been possible thanks to the strong commitment of its employees, volunteers and partners. While health and other social services provided in the oPt by the Palestinian Authority (PA) for longer periods have been crippled by staff strikes, the PRCS has without any interruption continued all its programmes in the oPt as well as in the Diaspora. The vast majority of programme support is received through bilateral agreements, of which most are medium or long-term partnerships. However due to the great need for core cost support, only limited funding has been pledged to start new activities. Through introducing the Operational Alliance concept, the coordination of programme and project support from partners has been improved, which is referring to and based on the PRCS strategy and the central and leading role of the society in the whole process of planning, coordination, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and reporting.
    [Show full text]
  • Lebanon's Palestinian Refugee Camps
    NURTURING INSTABILITY: LEBANON’S PALESTINIAN REFUGEE CAMPS Middle East Report N°84 – 19 February 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION: THE PALESTINIAN PRESENCE IN LEBANON ..................... 1 A. MULTIPLICITY OF ACTORS AND CAMPS ........................................................................................1 1. Main political actors.................................................................................................................1 2. Palestinian refugees and camps ................................................................................................1 II. THE EVOLUTION OF LEBANESE-PALESTINIAN RELATIONS......................... 4 A. OPEN WARFARE (1969-1990).......................................................................................................4 B. THE POST-WAR YEARS (1990-2004).............................................................................................6 C. 2004-2005: TURNING POINT OR DEAD END? ................................................................................7 1. UNSCR 1559...........................................................................................................................7 2. The Lebanese-Palestinian Dialogue Committee........................................................................9 3. Nahr al-Bared: a difficult test case..........................................................................................11 D. THE REFUGEES’ PRECARIOUS
    [Show full text]
  • Palestine Red Crescent Society, Lebanon: Refugees in Nahr Al- Bared Camp
    PALESTINE RED CRESCENT DREF Bulletin SOCIETY, LEBANON: No. MDRPS002. Update no. 1 REFUGEES IN NAHR AL- 12 July 2007 BARED CAMP The Federation’s mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the power of humanity. It is the world’s largest humanitarian organization and its millions of volunteers are active in 185 countries. In Brief Period covered by this update: 30 May- 11 July 2007. History of this Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF)-funded operation: • CHF 67,597 allocated from the Federations DREF on 29 May, 2007 to respond to the needs of this operation, or to replenish disaster preparedness stocks distributed to the affected population. • This operation is expected to be implemented for 3 months, and will be completed by the end of August 2007; a final report will be made available three months after the end of the operation (by 30 November 2007). The International Federation undertakes activities that are aligned with its Global Agenda, which sets out four broad goals to meet the Federation's mission to "improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the power of humanity." Global Agenda Goals: • Reduce the numbers of deaths, injuries and impact from disasters. • Reduce the number of deaths, illnesses and impact from diseases and public health emergencies. • Increase local community, civil society and Red Cross Red Crescent capacity to address the most urgent situations of vulnerability. • Reduce intolerance, discrimination and social exclusion and promote respect for diversity and human dignity. For
    [Show full text]
  • STRATEGIC TRENDS 2010 Is the First Issue of the Strategic Trends Series
    Center for Security Studies STRATEGIC CSS ETH Zurich TRENDS 2010 STRATEGIC TRENDS offers a concise annual analysis of major developments in world affairs, with a primary focus on international security. Providing succinct Key Developments in Global Affairs interpretations of key trends rather than a comprehensive survey of events, this publication will appeal to analysts, policy-makers, academics, the media, and the interested public alike. It is produced by the Center for Security Studies (CSS) at ETH Zurich. Strategic Trends is available both as an e-publication (www. sta.ethz.ch) and as a paperback book. STRATEGIC TRENDS 2010 is the first issue of the Strategic Trends series. Published in February 2010, it contains a global overview as well as chapters on the financial crisis, US foreign policy, non-proliferation and disarmament, resource nationalism, and crisis management. These have been identified by the Center for Security Studies as the main strategic trends in 2010. The Center for Security Studies (www.css.ethz.ch) at ETH Zurich specialises in research, teaching, and the provision of electronic services in international and Swiss security policy. An academic institute with a major think-tank capacity, it has a wide network of partners. The CSS is part of the Center for Comparative and International Studies (CIS), which includes the political science chairs of ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich. 2010 CSS ETH Zurich STRATEGIC TRENDS ST-2010-Cover.indd 1 25.01.2010 13:28:07 STRATEGIC TRENDS 2010 is also available electronically on the Strategic Trends Analysis website at: www.sta.ethz.ch Editor STRATEGIC TRENDS 2010: Daniel Möckli Series Editors STRATEGIC TRENDS: Andreas Wenger and Victor Mauer Contact: Center for Security Studies ETH Zurich Seilergraben 45–49 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland This publication covers events up to 18 January 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • Democracy and Tunisia
    Democracy and Tunisia 27 August 2021 Image 1: Fethih Belaid/AFP via Getty Images. A protester lifts a Tunisian national flag during an anti-government rally in front of the parliament in Tunis, Tunisia, on 25 July 2021 Introduction President Kais Saied decided to enact Article 80 of the constitution on 25 July. Some Tunisians hailed it as a necessary intervention into a broken and stagnant political system. Others called it a coup, signifying the possible end of Tunisian democracy. Saied invoked emergency powers and suspended parliament for 30 days, a deadline which has since passed. He dismissed the prime minister, Hichem Mechichi, the defence and justice ministers. Saied called in the military, who surrounded the parliament. COVID-19 restrictions were extended, a nighttime curfew continued, and Saied reinforced a long-existing rule whereby gatherings of more than three people are not permitted. The president's move followed months of deadlock and disputes pitting him against prime minister Hichem Mechichi and a fragmented parliament as Tunisia sank into an economic crisis worsened by one of Africa's worst 1 Democracy and Tunisia COVID-19 outbreaks. This situation resulted in Saied claiming control over the executive, legislative and judicial branches of the government. Parts of the population drew together in large crowds and took to the streets once more to support Saeid's decision. This reaction reflects some Tunisian's anger towards the moderate Islamist Ennahda, the biggest party in parliament, and the government over political paralysis, economic stagnation, and the pandemic response. Initially, parliament speaker Rached Ghannouchi, the historical head of Ennahda, condemned Saied’s actions as an assault on democracy and urged Tunisians to take to the streets in opposition; he and the party swiftly changed their stance and called for communication rather than confrontation.
    [Show full text]
  • Internal Displacementmonitoringcentre
    Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2009 and Developments Trends of Global Overview Internal Displacement Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre Norwegian Refugee Council Internal Displacement Chemin de Balexert 7-9 CH-1219 Châtelaine (Geneva) Tel.: +41 22 799 07 00, Fax: +41 22 799 07 01 Global Overview of Trends and www.internal-displacement.org Developments in 2009 Internally displaced people worldwide December 2009 Turkey 954,000–1,201,000 Russian Federation Armenia Azerbaijan Uzbekistan 80,000 8,400 586,000 FYR Macedonia 3,400 Serbia 650 Turkmenistan 225,000– Undetermined 230,000 Georgia Kosovo At least Afghanistan 19,700 230,000 At least 297,000 Croatia 2,400 Bosnia & Herz. 114,000 Cyprus Up to 201,000 Pakistan 1,230,000 Israel Undetermined Nepal 50,000–70,000 Occupied Palestinian Territory At least 160,000 India Algeria At least 500,000 Undetermined Chad 168,000 Bangladesh Senegal Iraq 60,000–500,000 24,000–40,000 2,764,000 Mexico The Philippines 5,000–8,000 Liberia Sri Lanka 125,000–188,000 Undetermined Syria 433,000 400,000 Côte d´Ivoire Lebanon Undetermined 90,000–390,000 Guatemala Togo Yemen Myanmar Undetermined Undetermined At least 175,000 At least 470,000 Indonesia Eritrea 70,000–120,000 Timor-Leste Niger 10,000 Colombia 6,500 400 3,300,000–4,900,000 Ethiopia Nigeria 300,000– Undetermined CAR 350,000 162,000 Peru Sudan Somalia 150,000 4,900,000 1,500,000 Congo Kenya 7,800 Undetermined DRC Uganda 1,900,000 At least 437,000 Angola Rwanda Undetermined Burundi Undetermined 100,000 Zimbabwe 570,000–1,000,000 Internal Displacement Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2009 May 2010 Internally displaced children shell their family’s monthly ten-kilogramme ration of beans inside their home at Buhimbe Camp near Goma in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
    [Show full text]
  • The Situation of Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon
    The Situation of Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon February 2016 This document provides information about the situation of Palestine refugees in Lebanon, including non-registered Palestinian refugees, undocumented (“non-ID”) Palestinians, and Palestine refugees from Syria, including the human rights and humanitarian situation and limitations in relation to refugees’ access to basic services and livelihoods, based on information provided by UNRWA and other available sources. This document is based on information available up to 23 February 2016. I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 2 II. PALESTINE REFUGEES .......................................................................................... 4 1. Legal Status ............................................................................................................... 4 2. Freedom of Movement............................................................................................... 4 3. Travelling in and out of Lebanon ............................................................................... 5 4. Access to Services ..................................................................................................... 5 a. Access to Employment and Livelihoods .................................................................. 5 b. Property and Housing ............................................................................................ 6 c. Access to Healthcare .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]