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INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS: DYNAMICS of REGULATION of a RAPIDLY EXPANDING SERVICE Asimr H
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS: DYNAMICS OF REGULATION OF A RAPIDLY EXPANDING SERVICE AsImR H. ENDE* I A PROFILE OF THE REGULATORY ISSION The Communications Act of 1934, as amended' (the Communications Act), and the Communicatons Satellite Act of 19622 (the Satellite Act) provide for pervasive and all-encompassing federal regulation of international telecommunications. The basic purposes to be achieved by such regulation are declared to be "to make avail- able, so far as possible, to all the people of the United States a rapid, efficient, Nation-wide, and world-wide wire and radio communications service with adequate facilities at reasonable charges, ...." This broad and general statement of purposes is supplemented by the Declaration of Policy and Purposes in the Satellite Act. In that act, Congress declared it to be the policy of the United States to establish,-in conjunction and cooperation with other countries and as expeditiously as practicable, a commercial communications satellite system which, as part of an improved global communications network, would be responsive to public needs and national objectives, would serve the communications needs of this country and other countries, and would contribute to world peace and understanding In effectuating the above program, care and attention are to be directed toward providing services to economically less developed countries and areas as well as more highly developed ones, toward efficient and economical use of the frequency spectrum, and toward reflecting the benefits of the new technology in both the quality of the services provided and the charges for such services.4 United States participation in the global system is to be in the form of a private corporation subject to appropriate governmental regulation.5 All authorized users are to have nondiscriminatory access to the satellite system. -
Communications Under the Seas: the Evolving Cable Network and Its
Communications under the Seas The Evolving Cable Network and Its Implications edited by Bernard Finn and Daqing Yang The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2009 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. For information about special quantity discounts, please email special_sales@mitpress .mit.edu This book was set in Bembo by The MIT Press. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Communications under the seas : the evolving cable network and its implications / edited by Bernard Finn and Daqing Yang. p. cm. — (Dibner Institute studies in the history of science and technology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-01286-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Cables, Submarine—History. 2. Telecommunication—Social aspects—History. 3. Communication, International. I. Finn, Bernard S., 1932– II. Yang, Daqing, 1964– TK5103.15.C66 2009 621.387’8409162—dc22 2008042011 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Index Admiralty (U.K.), 187 for voice communications, 37–38, 46, “Memorandum on the Protection of 51 British Submarine Cables,” 194 vacuum tube amplifiers, 30, 37, 46, 247 Ahvenainen, Jorma, 119 Anglo-American Telegraph Company, 29t, Alcatel, 175, 280 66, 71, 82–83, 162–163, 166 Alexander, grand duke of Russia, 124, 126 anti-trust legislation, 199 Algeria, 185 Associated Press, 169, 266 All America Cables, 33, 35, 84, 280 Atlantic Telegraph Company, 18, 66, 167 All-American Telegraph Companies, 89 AT&T. -
By the HERALD's Special Wire!
Gale Primary Sources Start at the source. “By the HERALD’s Special Wire!”: Technology and Speed in Transnational News Clare Pettitt King’s College London Various source media, International Herald Tribune Historical Archive 1887-2013 EMPOWER™ RESEARCH “information is speed” Street where a young prostitute, Helen Jewett, had been murdered. Such novel and sensational reporting Paul Virilio, The Art of the Motor (1995) i drove the paper’s circulation up to 10,000. The New York Herald did well out of the Civil War; with 63 reporters in the field, it became a trusted source of war news. Post-war, the American economy boomed and James Bennett, and his son, Gordon Bennett, who ran Bennett Snr. was among the first to realise the the New York Herald and then simultaneously the New importance to a growing economy of fresh financial York Herald European Edition (later renamed as the news, daily Wall Street reports and detailed shipping International Herald Tribune), were remarkable in their ii news. He started the practice of sending boats out to early understanding of the possibilities of electronic meet incoming ships to collect the news from abroad. communication for creating news. In their newspapers, He made his newspaper useful to its readers in new they exploited the speed of the new transatlantic cables ways. He understood that speed and news were in a way which makes them very significant figures in conjoined concepts in what would come to be called the the creation of a culture of non-stop global news. They Gilded Age, and that financial investments depended on understood that delayed information exponentially good market information. -
Dials and Channels David Sarnoff and His
Dials and Channels The Journal of the National Capital Radio & Television Museum 2608 Mitchellville Road Bowie, MD 20716-1392 (301) 390-1020 Vol. 25, No. 3 ncrtv.org September 2019 David Sarnoff and His RCA By Brian Belanger Introduction threw a tantrum. He ordered all copies of the first draft destroyed and rewrote sections himself. Book Along the stairway to the second floor of the critics were quick to comment on how over-the-top Museum are displayed about a dozen photos of laudatory the sanitized version was. It did not sell individuals that we felt were deserving of recognition well. for their roles in the history of radio and television. David Sarnoff’s photo is included. It is certainly A later and more balanced biography was authored appropriate that his story and how he shaped RCA, by Kenneth Bilby after Sarnoff’s death. Bilby was the Radio Corporation of America, be told in Dials Sarnoff’s public relations manager and a close and Channels. associate. This article relies heavily on that source. Any author outside of RCA intending to write a Sarnoff is a controversial figure. His supporters have Sarnoff biography who sought access to company called him a visionary and a genius, and are in awe of records would probably have received cooperation him, while critics have described him as a ruthless in proportion to how likely that author was to praise egotist. A case might be made for either label. I recognize Sarnoff’s shortcomings, yet I admire him for reasons that will become clear later in this article. -
South King County Genealogical Society Newsletter
So King News South King County Genealogical Society PO Box 3174, Kent, Washington 98089-0203 http://www.skcgs.org Volume 27, No. 4 January/February, 2012 Happy New Year Inside This Issue DNA Article ............................ 8 The new year is often when we resolve to accomplish things we didn’t do in the old year—lose weight, change old habits or modify our behavior in Eastman SSDI Article ............. 5 one way or another. Sometimes we even set specific goals for ourselves General SKCGS Info. ......... 2-3 with the best intention of achieving them. The same can be said for an Interest Groups ...................... 6 organization such as SKCGS. This is a great time to plan things we would like to do in the next twelve months. Librarian Job ...........................15 In keeping with the society’s purpose of furthering genealogical research Library News .........................10 by stimulating interest and preserving historical and genealogical Membership Renewal ..........19 knowledge, this newsletter contains a variety of informative articles. Some are specific to a particular subject or region; others are meant to be Mini Seminar Info .................... 5 encouraging or entertaining. And with electronic delivery, we are reach- New Traveling Library.........13 ing a wider audience through our exchange with other societies and histor- News from Exchange ic organizations. So, let’s give the rest of the world some of our local fla- Newsletters ...................10-12 vor. New via Online Links ..........14 Did you grow up in south King County? Are you among the few people who know where Kummer or O’Brien (or any other small community) Out to Lunch Bunch ............. -
The Westchester Historian Index, 1990 – 2019
Westchester Historian Index v. 66-95, 1990 – 2019 Authors ARIANO, Terry Beasts and ballyhoo: the menagerie men of Somers. Summer 2008, 84(3):100-111, illus. BANDON, Alexandra If these walls could talk. Spring 2001, 77(2):52-57, illus. BAROLINI, Helen Aaron Copland lived in Ossining, too. Spring 1999, 75(2):47-49, illus. American 19th-century feminists at Sing Sing. Winter, 2002, 78(1):4-14, illus. Garibaldi in Hastings. Fall 2005, 81(4):105-108, 110, 112-113, illus. BASS, Andy Martin Luther King, Jr.: Visits to Westchester, 1956-1967. Spring 2018, 94(2):36-69, illus. BARRETT, Paul M. Estates of the country place era in Tarrytown. Summer 2014, 90(3):72-93, illus. “Morning” shines again: a lost Westchester treasure is found. Winter 2014, 90(1):4-11, illus. BEDINI, Silvio A. Clock on a wheelbarrow: the advent of the county atlas. Fall 2000, 76(4):100-103, illus. BELL, Blake A. The Hindenburg thrilled Westchester County before its fiery crash. Spring 2005, 81(2):50, illus. John McGraw of Pelham Manor: baseball hall of famer. Spring 2010, 86(2):36-47, illus. Pelham and the Toonerville Trolley. Fall 2006, 82(4):96-111, illus. The Pelhamville train wreck of 1885: “One of the most novel in the records of railroad disasters.” Spring 2004, 80(2):36-47, illus. The sea serpent of the sound: Westchester’s own sea monster. Summer 2016, 92(3):82-93. Thomas Pell’s treaty oak. Summer 2002, 78(3):73-81, illus. The War of 1812 reaches Westchester County. -
In1ternational Telephone and Telegraph Corporation
IN1TERNATIONAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CORPORATION U. S. AND CANADIAN DIVISIONS� SUBSIDIARIES, AND ASSOCIATES DIVISIONS - lniernational Standal'd Electric corporation .New York, N. Y. Components Division . .............Olifton, lnternational Telecommunication Laboratories, Inc. B' arnsworth Electronics Company ..... .....l!'ort \Vayne,N. Ind. J. New York, N. Y. 'l'eJecommunication J"abm·atories .........Nutley, . .T. lnternation l '.reJephone Building Corporation . Ne York, l<'ederal •relephone and Radio Company ..........Clifton, N . J·'<«leral N Kellogg Credita Corporation . .... .... .... Neww York N. Y. ndustrial Products Division ............San l!'ernando, Calif. .J. Kuthe Laboratories, Inc .... ........ , ...., ....Newat'k, , N. J. JKellogg Switchboard and Supply Company .......C hicago, Ill. Royal Electric Corporation ....................Pawtucke t, R. I. SUBSIDIARIES - Electric Cords 8upply Corporation ......Los Angeles, CnL b'arnswort Electronics Company-Pacific Division & h Palo Alto, Calif. ASSOCIATES - l<' ecieral Carlbe, Inc. .......................Santa Isabel, P.R. Cable & Radio Corporation Fe<leral lDlectric Corporation ..... .............Paramus, .J. New York, IT&T Electronic.>S Service Company of Canada, Ltd. N . Ameri<�an (58% owned) Montr al Canada All America Cables and Radio, Inc . ... York, N. Y. li1telex Syste >! Incorporated ................ New Ye or, k, Y. Commercial Cable Company, '£ he ... .New York, N. Y. Airmatic Systemsm Conioration ...........Sa ddle Brook, N. Mackay Radio and 1'elegraph Company (Inc.) New'-rew York. N. Y. N. J. N. OVERSEAS AND SALES COMPANIES RESEARCH MANUFAC.TURING (SubsMiaries. INTERNATIONAL, STANDARD, ELECTRIC CORPORATION ) af IRAN - British Commanwealth of Nations AUSTRALIA - Standard Elektrizitiits-Gesellschaft l an A. 'l'eheran r G. Standard Telephones and Cables Pty. l.-imited . ... Sydney Austral Standard Cables Pty. Limited owned) Melbourne ITALYF'abb- rica Apparec<,hiature per Comunicazioni Elettriche Silovac Electrical Products Pty, Limi(50%t d .......••••.Sy dney Standard S.p.A. -
Historical Society Master Index File
INDEX FOR NORTH CASTLE HISTORY Volumes 1 (1974) through 30 (2003) Articles List Numeric List Letters A - K by Sharon Tomback (The volume year and page number, if available, appear as the last entry on each line) =============================================================== (article) 200 Residents Attend First Historical Society Meeting, 1982 (article) A North Castle Farmer’s 1886 Diary: Theo. Brundage 1839-1907, 1999:10 (article) A Salute to John Schnoor by Sharon Tomback, 2003:30 (article) A Tour of North Castle, 1986 (article) Afro-American Community in the Mid-19th Century, The Hills, Part I, 1988 (article) Afro-American Community in the Mid-19th Century, The Hills, Part II, 1989 (article) American Venus, 1999 (article) An Historic Sites Tour, 2000:24 (article) Armonk 1903 – Article from Mt. Kisco Recorder, 1989 and 1992 (article) Armonk Antiques Show, 1998 (article) Armonk Eagle, 1996 (article) Armonk’s Adventure in Aviation, 1979 (article) Bancroft, Sr., William – In Memoriam, 1991 (article) Bank, Hampden and North Castle’s Own Paper Money, 1991 (article) Banks, Allen of North Castle, 1989 (article) Banksville Community House, 1998 (article) Baseball Report (1930), 2000 (article) Bicentennial in Perspective, 1976 (article) Bicentennial North Castle Style, 1977 (article) Bicentennial, Looking Back at the, 2001:21 (article) Breezemont (aka Cox’s, Tredwell’s), 1998 (article) Briarcliff Automobile Race, 1981 (article) Bronx River Parkway Terminus, 1990 (article) Brundage Blacksmith Shop, 1981 (article) Buck’s Yankee Doodle Band, 1999 (article) Caruso, Hon. James R., 1994 (article) Castle Heights Methodist Church, 1977 (article) Caves of North Castle, The, 1975 (article) Clapp, Ginna, Memories of, 1998 (article) Clark, George B., MD, 1990 (article) Commemorating 25th Anniversary of The NCHS, 1996 (article) County Lore Set Lander Course, 1999:17 (article) Cracker Barrel Mayor, 1997 (article) Dayton House, 1984 (article) Doctors of North Castle, 1984 (article) Doctors of North Castle, Addendum re Dr. -
1858 Railroad Tunnel Opens As a Hiking Trail
Dots& Dashes •-- •••• •- - •••• •- - •••• --• • • -•• •-- • •• • • ••- --• •••• - What Hath God Wrought The Official Publication of the Morse Telegraph Club, Inc. Vol. 46, Issue No. 1 • Winter 2020-21 1858 Railroad Tunnel Opens as a Hiking Trail early two decades were required to restore the Blue Ridge Mountains. The mile-long tunnel Nan abandoned railroad tunnel in Crozet, was constructed between 1849 and 1859 using Virginia. Just opened to the public in November crude methods of that era. 2020, this project adds to a national network The tunnel maintains temperatures of about of former railroad rights-of-way turned into 50 degrees year-round. With no interior lighting, public hiking and biking trails. These innovative visitors must bring their own flashlights, preferably programs have found successful funding and have head band flashlights. Because of ecological proved popular with the public. concerns, there are no plans to light the tunnel. The Nelson County, Virginia Department of Rail traffic closed in 1944 when larger engines Parks & Recreation just opened the Claudius could not fit through the tunnel. Another tunnel Crozet Blue Ridge Tunnel Trail system to bicyclists was built next to this one and it is still used today at Rockfish Gap in Aton, Virginia. This newly by the CSX Railroad. In 2007, CSX donated the restored tunnel trail lies more than 700 feet below abandoned tunnel to Nelson County. continued on page 4 * IN THIS ISSUE Dots& Dashes Articles The official publication of 1858 Railroad Tunnel Opens The Morse Telegraph Club, Inc. as a Hiking Trail ..........................................1,4 Jim Wilson - Editor, Dots & Dashes Postal Telegraph Documentary Film 2742 Southern Hills Court • North Garden, VA 22959 By J. -
Required Recommended but Optional
WOOSTER HIGH SCHOOL HONORS ENGLISH II SUMMER READING ASSIGNMENT Welcome to Honors English II. Honors English II is an intensive course for the serious, mature, and capable student that builds upon the language skills learned in previous grades by providing instruction and practice in various areas of the English curriculum: grammar, study skills, vocabulary, reading, writing, listening, and oral communication. Summer Reading Rationale Summer reading helps students to: • Improve vocabulary and other language skills • Maintain reading skills over summer break • Develop fluency and independent reading skills • Become lifelong readers You have two (2) reading assignments to complete over the summer. One, you must complete the reading of Mitch Albom’s book Tuesdays With Morrie and, two, you must read one other book of your choosing from the attached list that contains one of the themes you will find in To Kill A Mockingbird (a book we will read in class when you return). You will be expected to annotate the books since you will be using the information you gather to write an essay about both books when you return to school in the fall. Since you are expected to take notes in the books, you are encouraged to buy your own copies, though you may use post-it notes for the annotating if you wish. You should carefully notice the following elements as you read and use them for the basis of your annotating: character, settings, conflicts, themes, plot development, and literary techniques. Complete this entire process for both books, as well as the starred steps for Morrie. GUIDELINES FOR TAKING NOTES DURING YOUR READING: Required INSIDE FRONT COVER: Character list with small space for character summary and for page references for key scenes, moments of character development, etc. -
David Sarnoff - Wikipedia
4/3/2020 David Sarnoff - Wikipedia David Sarnoff David Sarnoff (February 27, 1891 – December 12, 1971) was a Russian-American businessman and pioneer of American radio and David Sarnoff television. Throughout most of his career he led the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) in various capacities from shortly after its founding in 1919 until his retirement in 1970. He ruled over an ever-growing telecommunications and media empire that included both RCA and NBC, and became one of the largest companies in the world. Named a Reserve Brigadier General of the Signal Corps in 1945, Sarnoff thereafter was widely known as "The General."[3] Sarnoff is credited with Sarnoff's law, which states that the value of a broadcast network is proportional to the number of viewers.[4] Contents Sarnoff in 1922 Early life and career Born February 27, 1891 Business career Uzlyany near RCA Minsk, Russian RKO Empire (present- Early history of television day Belarus) World War II Died December 12, 1971 Post-war expansion (aged 80) Later years Manhattan, New Family life York City, United States Honors Resting place Kensico Cemetery Sarnoff museum Valhalla, New York, See also United States References 41.0779°N Sources 73.7865°W Further reading Nationality Russian External links Citizenship American, Russian Years active 1919–1970 Employer Early life and career Marconi Wireless David Sarnoff was born to a Jewish family in Uzlyany, a small town in Company the Pale of Settlement of the Russian Empire, now part of Belarus, the Radio son of Abraham and Leah Sarnoff. Abraham emigrated to the United Corporation of States and raised funds to bring the family. -
Lou Gehrig Autograph, Portland, Oregon
Episode 10, 2006: Lou Gehrig Autograph, Portland, Oregon Gwen: Our first story takes us to Yankee Stadium for the inside story of baseball’s most famous speech. For 17 seasons, Lou Gehrig earned his rank as one of baseball’s greatest players. A phenomenal slugger and first baseman, he led the Yankees to seven World Series, knocking ball after ball out of the park. Then in 1939, the Iron Horse began to stumble. As much as he trained, he couldn’t escape a relentless slump. That summer, the mystery was finally solved. Gehrig was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or A.L.S., now known by many as Lou Gehrig’s disease. The incurable illness was paralyzing him, yet on July 4, 1939, without self-pity or fear, he courageously declared that life was well worth living. Gehrig: Today, I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth. [Cheers and applause] Gwen: More than 60 years later, a baseball fan from Portland, Oregon, may have a ticket that takes us behind the scenes that famous day. Ed Goldberg: I found the ticket in my mother’s high school yearbook. I looked at this ticket, and I said, “this can’t be what I’m seeing.” My mother never, ever told me about this. Gwen: I’m Gwen Wright, and I’m meeting Ed Goldberg to learn more about his mother’s baseball ticket. I’m Gwen, nice to meet you. Ed: Yeah, come on in. Gwen: Thanks. So how did you find it, Ed? Ed: This is my mother’s high school yearbook.