Notes

Introduction 1. All translations of Italian titles my own unless otherwise indicated; all emphasis in original text unless otherwise noted; spelling and punctuation occasionally Americanized and regularized. 2. In writing this text, I confronted the common difficulty of what to call Italy before Italy as a nation existed. I frequently allude to pre- unification Italy as “the Italian peninsula” or “the pre-unification states,” or to specific regions by their particular names. To avoid exces- sive repetition, I occasionally simply use Italy, though readers should bear in mind the historical distinction. 3. For example, Gian Rinaldo Carli’s “Della patria degli Italiani,” Sebastiano Franci’s “Alcuni pensieri politici,” and Pietro Verri’s “Pensieri sullo spirito della letteratura d’Italia.” Gianni Francioni, ed., Il Caffè (Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998). 4. The first edition, published in by Gaspare Trutti, formed part of a series of British literature that included Robinson Crusoe, Tom Jones, and Romeo & Juliet. Subsequent editions appeared in Piacenza in 1836 by Fratelli del Majno and in Milan by Alessandro Lombardi. Readers will find an insightful discussion of Byron, Nicolini,and translation in Giovanni Iamartino, “Giuseppe Nicolini traduttore di authori inglese,” Giuseppe Nicolini nel bicentenario della nascita 1789– 1989 (Brescia, 1991) 115–148, especially 122–148. 5. Those interested in Pellico should see Ilario Rinieri, Della vita e delle opere di Silvio Pellico (Torino: Streglio, 1898). 6. For more on Ryleev, see Patrick O’Meara, K. F. Ryleev: A Political Biography of the Decembrist Poet (Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1984). 7. An extensive discussion of Byron’s international influence and repu- tation appears in Richard Cardwell, ed., The Reception of Byron in Europe, vols. 1 & 2 (London: Thoemmes Continuum, 2004).

1 Byron and Italy 1. In 1547, Andrew Boarde wrote Grand Tour. The fyrts boke of the Introduction of knowledge, which Cesare de Seta characterizes as 188 Notes

the first English book about secular, rather than religious, travel, followed a year later by an Italian travel diary by Thomas Hoby (de Seta, L’Italia 16), more famous for his English translation of Baldassare Castiglione’s Il Cortegiano (“The Courtier”). William Thomas published the first English language history of Italy in 1549 (Black 64), while Richard Rowlands’s Post of the World, which appeared in 1576, details logistics of travel (such as routes and rates of exchange). François Maximilien Misson’s Voyage d’Italie became a best seller, with eleven French editions, six in English, and one each in German and Dutch, between 1691 and 1743 (de Seta, L’Italia 15, 114). 2. A growing literature addresses travel and tourism, generally differen- tiating between travel for business, education, health, and religious observance, on the one hand, and tourism for leisure, on the other. The categories of travel and tourism remain fluid, however, though tourism, whose first appearance in the Oxford English Dictionary dates from the eighteenth century, often bears pejorative associations. See Sharon Bohn Gmelch, ed., Tourists and Tourism: A Reader (Long Grove, IL: Waveland, 2004); Alan Lew, ed., A Companion to Tourism (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2004); and Dean MacCannell, The Tourist: A New Theory of the Leisure Class (New York: Schocken Books, 1976). 3. For more on female grand tourists, see also Brain Dolan’s Ladies of the Grand Tour: British Women in Pursuit of Enlightenment and Adventure in Eighteenth-Century Europe (New York: HarperCollins, 2001). 4. Benedict Anderson develops this provocative model of nationalism in Imagined Communities (New York: Verso Books, 2006). 5. Jürgen Habermas treats this topic in detail in, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992). 6. A similar anecdote appears in the October 15, 1816 diary of John Cam Hobhouse, who claims that Lodovico di Breme told Byron and him “that Beccaria did his utmost to hang his servant for stealing his snuff-box.” 7. For biographic information about Pepe, consult Agenore Gelli, Guglielmo Pepe (Firenze: M. Cellini, 1865). 8. Those interested in Italian expatriates in Britain can see Lucio Sponza, Italian Immigrants in Nineteenth Century Britain: Reality and Images (Leicester: Leicester UP, 1988). 9. These include an Italian and English Dictionary, Baretti’s Italian Dictionary, Graglia’s Guide to Italian, Veneroni’s Italian Grammar, and Zotti’s Italian Vocabulary (Munby). 10. She bore the title of Princess Louise Maximilienne Caroline Emmanuele of Stolberg-Gedern. Notes 189

11. For documents relating to surveillance of Byron, see Karl Brunner, Byron und die österreichische Polizei, Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen, 148 (1925): 32, pp. 28–41; Keats-Shelley House, Rome; papers of Harry Nelson Gay and Iris Origo; E. Rodocanachi, Notes Secrètes de la Police Autrichiènne de Venise sur Byron (Institut de France, Académie des Sciences morales et politiques, January–June 1918). 12. From a January 8, 1833 letter to Apponyi. 13. For more on Hobhouse’s biography and politics, see Peter W. Graham, ed., Byron’s Bulldog: The Letters of John Cam Hobhouse to (Columbus: Ohio State UP, 1984). See also Robert Zegger, John Cam Hobhouse: A Political Life, 1819–1852 (Columbia: U of Missouri P, 1973). 14. Translation from the dialect thanks to Paolo Borghi and the staff of the Istituto Friederich Schurr Romagna cultural center’s periodical, La ludla. 15. In 1812, in the wake of Spanish resistance to Napoleonic forces during the Peninsular War, liberals in Cadiz promulgated what came to be known as the “Spanish Constitution,” which served as a model for many governments up to the 1848 revolts. It located sovereignty in the nation and structured government with separation of powers. 16. Scholars differ as to the exact relationship between the Masons and the Carbonari, some seeing close connections, others seeing only some shared membership, though most recognize at least similarities in their rituals. Moreover, as Angela Valente points out, many secret societies existed in Italy at the time; in the Naples area alone, they included the Calderari, the Trinitari, the Filadefli, the Fratelli patrioti, the Patrioti europei, and the Decisi (58). 17. For a discussion of this, see Maud Howe Elliott’s Lord Byron’s Helmet, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1927. 18. John Ingamells identifies Ravenna as one of the stops of the Grand Tour (“Discovering Italy: British Travellers in the Eighteenth Century,” Grand Tour: The Lure of Italy in the Eighteenth Century, ed. Andrew Wilton (London: Tate Gallery, 1996) 22. John Hale, however, notes that most early travel guides ignore Ravenna, in part because renaissance and eighteenth-century travelers had little interest in medieval art and gothic architecture, though John Breval’s Remarks on Several Parts of Europe (1738) and Thomas Nugent’s Grand Tour (1749) do mention the city’s mosaics (Hale xx, 33). By the nineteenth century, interest had increased, but Ravenna still had not arrived as a major tourist destination. 190 Notes

19. For Christensen’s comments, see Lord Byron’s Strength: Romantic Writing and Commercial Society (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1993), especially pages 3–31.

2 Byron and the RISORGIMENTO 1. Balbo’s 1844 Delle speranze d’Italia offered a Catholic federalist plan. 2. Gioberti advocated not a federation, which held states subordinate to an overarching central authority, but confederation, a union of equals, in which states engaged in treaty-like obligations with each other, interpreting and enforcing any agreed-upon laws individually (Haddock 718). 3. Gioberti supports this strategy because “Italy contains within itself, above all by way of religion, all the requisite conditions for its national and political Risorgimento” (Gioberti 2: 81, qtd. in Haddock 716). As Bruce Haddock points out, during the medieval and early modern periods, the church—with the support and protection it provided— had allowed Italy to become a cultural, social, political, and theologi- cal hub of Europe. Under a neo-Guelph confederation, it hoped to do so again (Haddock 708–709).

3 Crimes and Punishments 1. For an extensive discussion of sources for stories of the insult, see Vittorio Lazzarini’s Marino Faliero (Firenze: Sansoni, 1993) 135–154. 2. In his drama, Byron alters the names of some historical figures; the Loredan family becomes Loradano, Jacopo Loredan becomes James Loredano, and Francesco Foscari becomes Francis Foscari. Maintaining these distinctions here simplifies comparisons between the historical and dramatic personalities. 3. E. P. Thompson’s The Making of the English Working Class provides extensive discussion of these events in the context of the campaign for parliamentary reform, as well as their influence on the develop- ment of class consciousness.

4 1. The word “Galateo” has become synonymous with conduct manual, as exemplified by a Google search for a “ ‘Galateo’ of the internet,” which brings up various texts on net-etiquette. 2. This does not mean that Byron always remained on his best behavior. John Cam Hobhouse, for one, wrote of “the entire self-abandon- ment, the incautious, it might be said the dangerous sincerity of his private conversation.” 3. See William Wordsworth’s “Thanksgiving Ode”: “pure intent, / Is man arrayed for mutual slaughter; / Yea, Carnage is thy daughter!” Works Cited

Abba, Giuseppe Cesare. The Diary of One of Garibaldi’s Thousand. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1981. Acerbi, Giuseppe. “Proemio.” Biblioteca Italiana 3.9 (Gennaio, Febbraio e Marzo, 1818): iii–lvi. ———. “Proemio.” Biblioteca Italiana 4.13 (Gennajo, Febbrajo e Marzo, 1819). Angeletti, Gioia. “ ‘I Feel the Improvisatore’: Byron, Improvisation, and Romantic Poetics.” Laura Bandiera, ed. British Romanticism and Italian Literature: Translating, Reviewing, Rewriting. New York: Rodopi, 2005. 165–180. Avitabile, Grazia. The Controversy on Romanticism in Italy: First Phase 1816– 1823. New York: Vanni, 1959. Bacon, Francis. “Of Travel.” Francis Bacon: A Critical Edition of the Major Works. New York: Oxford UP, 1996. Baiesi, Serena. “The Influence of the Italian Improvvisatrici on British Romantic Women Writers: Letitia Elizabeth Landon’s Response.” Laura Bandiera, ed. British Romanticism and Italian Literature: Translating, Reviewing, Rewriting. New York: Rodopi, 2005. 181–192. Bandiera, Laura, ed. British Romanticism and Italian Literature: Translating, Reviewing, Rewriting. New York: Rodopi, 2005. Banti, Alberto M. La nazione del Risorgimento: Parentela, santità e onore alle origini dell’ Italia unita. Torino: Einaudi, 2000. Beatty, Bernard. Byron’s Don Juan. London: Croom Helm, 1985. Beccaria, Cesare. An Essay on Crimes and Punishments. Trans. Adolph Caso. Brookline Village: Branden, 1983. ———. “I piaceri dell’ immaginazione,” Il Caffè. Ed. Gianni Francioni and Sergio Romagni (Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998), 476–481. Bellezza, Paolo. Genio e follia di Alessandro Manzoni. Milano: T. F. Cogliati, 1898. Bent, James Theodore. The Life of Giuseppe Garibaldi. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1881. Betti, Franco. “Key Aspects of Romantic Poetics in Italian Literature” Italica 74.2 (Summer 1997). Bignamini, Ilaria. “The Grand Tour: Open Issues.” Grand Tour: The Lure of Italy in the Eighteenth Century. Ed. Andrew Wilton. London: Tate Gallery, 1996. 31–36. Black, Jeremy. The British and the Grand Tour. London: Yale UP, 1985. Blease, W. Lyon. Suvorof . London: Constable, 1920. 192 Works Cited

Boholm, Asa. The Doge of Venice: The Symbolism of State Power in the Renaissance. London: Coronet Books, 1990. Bone, Drummond, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Byron. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004. Bouwsma, William J. Venice and the Defense of Republican Liberty: Renaissance Values in the Age of the Counter-Reformation. Berkeley, CA: U of California P, 1984. Burke, Edmond. Reflections on the Revolution in France. London: Penguin, 1986. Byron, George Gordon. Byron. Ed. Jerome J. McGann. New York: Oxford UP, 1986. ———. Byron’s Letters and Journals. Ed. Leslie A. Marchand. 8 vols. London: John Murray, 1973–1994. ———. The Complete Poetical Works. Ed. Jerome J. McGann. 7 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1980–1993. ———. Opere Scelte. Ed. Tomaso Kemeny. Milano: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, 1993. Cacciavillani, Ivone. La legge forense veneziana. Citta Veneta 6. Limena/ Padova: Signum, 1987. Calcaterra, Carlo. I manifesti romantici del 1816. Torino: Unione Tipografico- Editrice Torinese, 1970. Calisse, Carlo. History of Italian Law. Boston: Little, Brown, 1928. Cantú, Cesare. Lord Byron discorso di Cesare Cantú ai signori soci dell’ Ateneo di Bergamo. Milano: Giornali L’Indicatore, 1833. Carlyle, Thomas. Sartor Resartus. Boston: Ginn, 1902. Castelar, Emilio. Vita di ord Byron. Milano: Societe Editrice Sonzogna, 1905. Castiglione, Baldassare. Il cortegiano. Milano: Arnoldo Mondadori, 1999. Cavour, Camillo. Epistolario. Vol. 2. Bologna: Zanichelli, 1968. Cerruti, Marco. Neoclassici e giacobino. Milano: Silvia, 1969. Chambers, David. Venice: A Documented History. Oxford: Blackwell, 1992. Cheeke, Stephen. Byron and Place: History, Translation, Nostalgia. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Chew, Samuel C. Byron in England: His Fame and After-Fame. New York: Scribner’s, 1924. Chiarini, Giuseppe. Studi e ritratti letterari. Livorno: Giusti, 1900. Chierici Stagni, Maria Teresa. Con Byron tra Bologna e Ravenna. Bologna: Pendragon, 2001. Christensen, Jerome. Lord Byron’s Strength: Romantic Writing and Commercial Society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1993. Cippico, Antonio. The Romantic Age in Italian Literature. London: Philip Lee Warner, 1918. Cline, C. L. Byron, Shelley and Their Pisan Circle. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1952. Collins, Philip. Thomas Cooper, the Chartist: Byron and the “Poets of the Poor.” Nottingham: University of Nottingham, 1969. Colquhoun, Archibald. Manzoni and His Times. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1954. Works Cited 193

Rev. of I contemporanei Italiani, by M. Marc Monnier. Frazier’s 64.11 (1861): 628–630. Coote, Stephen. Byron: The Making of a Myth. London: Bodly Head, 1988. Corniani, Giambattista. I secoli della letterature italiana dopo il suo risorgi- mento. Vol. 8. Torino: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese, 1856. Rev Il Corsaro. Biblioteca italiana. Vol. 49 (January 1828): 90–94. Cozzi, Gaetano. “Authority and the Law in Renaissance Venice.” J. R. Hale, ed. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield, 1973. 293–345. Crisafulli, Lilla Maria. “Theatre and Theatricality in British Constructions of Italy.” Laura Bandiera, ed. British Romanticism and Italian Literature: Translating, Reviewing, Rewriting. New York: Rodopi, 2005. 149–164. Cronin, Richard. “Casa Guidi Windows: Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Italy and the Poetry of Citizenship.” Unfolding the South: Nineteenth- Century British Women Writers and Artists in Italy. Ed. Alison Chapman. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2003. 35–50. Dallas, Robert. Recollections of the Life of Lord Byron from the year 1808 to the end of 1814. Philadelphia: Small, Carey, & Lea, 1825. Dall’Ongaro, Francesco. Il Venerdi Santo: scene della vita di Lord Byron. Padova: Cartallier, 1837. Da Mosto, Andrea. I dogi di Venezia. Milano: Giunti Editore, 2003. D’Annunzio, Gabriele. Il Piacere. Milano: Mondadori, 1990. Dante Alighieri. Monarchy. New York: Noonday, 1954. Davis, John A. Italy in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2000. Davis, Robert C. Shipbuilders of the Venetian Arsenal: Workers and Workplace in the Preindustrial City. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2007. D’Azeglio, Massimo. I miei ricordi. Vol. 1. Firenze: Barbera, 1876. De Francesco, Antonino. “Il mito napoleonico nella construzione della nazionalità in Italia.” Napoleone e il Bonapartismo nella cultura politica Italiana 1802–2005. Ed. Alceo Riosa. Milano: Guerini e associati, 2007. Deigan, Federica Brunori. Alessandro Manzoni’s The Count of Carmagnola and Adelchis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2004. Del Cerro, Emilio. Fra Le Quinte della Storia. Torino: Fratelli Bocco, 1903. Della Casa, Giovanni. Rime e prose di M. Giovanni della Casa. Napoli: Niccolo Naso, 1761. “Della decadenze del pensiero italino—la poesia.” La Civiltà Catolica. Serie 12. Vol. 7.821. Firenze: Luigi Manuelli, 1884: 442–456. Della Peruta, Franco. I democratici e la rivoluzione italiana. Milano: Feltrinelli, 1958. ———. Esercito e societa nell’ Italia napoleonica: dalla Cisalpina al Regno d’Italia. Milano: Franco Angeli, 1988. ———. Politica e società nell’ Italia dell’ ottocento: Problemi, vicende e personaggi . Milano: Franco Angeli Storia, 1999. De Sanctis, Francesco. Storia della letteratura italiana. Milano: Radici BUR, 2006. 194 Works Cited

De Sauvigny, G. de Bertier. Metternich and His Times. London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1962. De Seta, Cesare. “Grand Tour: The Lure of Italy in the Eighteenth Century.” Grand Tour: The Lure of Italy in the Eighteenth Century. Ed. Andrew Wilton. London: Tate Gallery, 1996. 13–19. ———. L’Italia del Grand Tour da Montaigne a Goethe. Napoli: Electra, 1992. De Sismondi, J. C. L. Histoire des républiques italiennes au moyen âge. Gloucester: Peter Smith, 1970. Devoto, Giacomo. The Languages of Italy. Trans. V. Louise Katainen. Chicago: U Chicago P, 1978. Dickens, Charles. Complete Works. Vol. 1. London: Heron Books, 1969. Di Negro, Gian Carlo. “Ode in morte di Lord Byron.” Genova: dai Torchi di A. Ponthenier, 1825. Duffy, Christopher. Eagles over the : Suvorov in Italy and , 1799. Chicago: Emperor, 1999. Eisler, Benita. Byron: Child of Passion, Fool of Fame. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1999. Elfenbein, Andrew. Byron and the Victorians. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995. Elledge, Paul. Lord Byron at Harrow School: Speaking Out, Talking Back, Acting Up, Bowing Out. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 2000. Engels, Friedrich. Condition of the Working Class in England. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1993. EV. “Idee elementari sulla poesia romantica.” Il Conciliatore (November 1818): 97–100. Farneti, Roberto. “Canon Making in Italy and the Italian Tradition of Moral Enquiry.” The Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America. Columbia University. February 5, 2003. Fasanari, Raffaele. L’armata russa del generale Suvarov attraverso Verona (1799–1800). Vol. 2, Collana di ricerche e studi Veronesi, Fondazione Cangrande. Verona: Vita Veronese, 1952. Fedotova, Maria. Suvorov: la campagna italo-svizzera e la liberazione di Torino nel 1799. Torino: Pintore, 2005. Felluga, Dino Franco. The Perversity of Poetry: Romantic Ideology and the Popular Male Poet of Genius. Albany: State U of New York P, 2005. Ferrari, Giuseppe. Storia delle rivoluzioni d’Italia. Vol. 3. Milano: E. Treves, 1872. Finlay, Robert. Politics in Renaissance Venice. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1980. Fleming, Anne. Byron the Maker: Truth or Masquerade—An Exploration. Sussex: Book Guild, 2006. Foa, Giovanna. Lord Byron poeta e carbonero. Firenze: Nuova Italia, 1935. Fores, Carlo Tedaldi. Meditazioni poetiche sulla mitologia. Cremona: De Micheli, 1826. Works Cited 195

Fortescue, William. Alphonse de Lamartine: A Political Biography. London: Croom Helm, 1983. Fortini Brown, Patricia. Private Lives in Renaissance Venice. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004. Fournier, August. the First. New York: Henry Holt, 1903. Francia, Ennio. Delfina de Custine, Luisa Stolberg, Giulietta Récamier a Canova: Lettere Inedite. Roma: Storia e Letteratura, 1972. Francioni, Gianni, ed. Il Caffè. Vol. I and II. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998. “L’Italie est-elle la Terre des Morts?” Frazier’s Magazine for Town and Country 64 (July–December, 1861): 628–635. Fuhrman, Ludwig von. Die Belesenheit des Jungen Byron. Berlin: M. Kindler, 1903. GBDC, “Sulla poesia.” Il Conciliatore. (September 20, 1818): 22–23. Garibaldi, Giuseppe. Garibaldi, An Autobiography. London: Routledge, Warne, & Routledge, 1861. ———. Memorie autobiografiche. Firenze: G. Barbera, 1888. ———. I Mille. Torino: Camilla e Bertolero, 1874. GDR. “Della poesia considerata rispetto alle diverse età delle nazioni.” Il Conciliatore (September 10, 1818): 11–12. Rev. of Il Giaour, by George Gordon Byron. Biblioteca italiana. Tomo ix. Gennaio, Febbraio, e Marzo, 1818. 11–27. Gilbert, Felix. “Venice in the Crisis of the League of Cambrai.” Renaissance Venice. Ed. J. R. Hale. London: Faber and Faber, 1973. 274–292. Gillespie, Michael Allen. “ ‘Slouching Toward Bethlehem to Be Born’: On the Nature and Meaning of Nietzsche’s Superman.” Journal of Nietzsche Studies 30 (Autumn 2005): 49–69. Gilmore, Myron. “Myth and Reality in Venetian Political Theory.” J. R. Hale, ed. Renaissance Venice. London: Faber and Faber, 1973. 409–430. Gioberti, Vicenzo. Pensieri e giudizi sulla letterature italiana e straniera. Ed. Filippo Ugolini. Firenze: G. Barbera, 1867. Govorchin, Gerald Gilbert. Rev. of The Art of Victory: The Life and Achievements of Field-Marshal Suvorov, by Philip Longworth. Russian Review 27.1 (January 1968): 97–98. Gozzano, Guido. “L’altare del passato.” Poesia e prose. Luca Lenzini, ed. Milano: Feltrinelli, 1995. 278–286. Guardione, Francesco. Il pensiero civile di Giuseppina Turrisi Colonna. Torino: G. B. Paravia, 1922. ———. “Di Guiseppina e di Anna Turrisi Colonna.” Lettere d’illustri Italiani a Giuseppina Turrisi-Colonna. Palermo: Tipografia Editrice del Tempo: 1884. 7–37. ———. “Lettere su Felice Bisazza.” Scritti di Francesco Guardione. Vol. II. Palermo: Alberto Reber, 1897. 236–243. Guazzo, Stefano. The civile conversation of M. Steeven Guazzo. New York: Constable, 1925. 196 Works Cited

Guerrazzi, Francesco Domenico. L’assedio di Firenze. Firenze: Felice Le Monnier, 1859. ———. Lo assedio di Roma. Livorno: A. B. Zecchini, 1864. Guiccioli, Alessandro. I Guiccioli. Bologna: Zanichelli, 1934. Gutierrez, B. “Byron, i suoi amori per l’Italia e i suoi odei per l’.” La Lettura 18.3 (March 1, 1918): 180–187. Haddock, Bruce. “Political Union Without Social Revolution: Vincenzo Gioberti’s Primato.” The Historical Journal 41.3 (September 1998): 705–723. Hale, John. England and the Italian Renaissance. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005. Hazlitt, William. “Lord Byron.” Andrew Rutherford, ed. Byron: The Critical Heritage. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970. 268–278. Hobhouse, John Cam. Byron’s Bulldog: The Letters of John Cam Hobhouse to Lord Byron. Ed. Peter W. Graham. Columbus: Ohio State UP, 1984. Hodgson, Francis Cotterell. Venice in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries; a Sketch of Venetian History from the Conquest of Constantinople to the Accession of Michele Steno A. D. 1204–1400. London: George Allen, 1910. Holland, Rupert Sargent. Builders of United Italy. New York: Henry Holt, 1908. Holme, James W. “Italian Courtesy-Books of the Sixteenth Century.” Modern Language Review 5.2 (April 1910): 145–166. Holt, Edgar. The Making of Italy 1815–1870. New York: Atheneum, 1971. Houck, James A. “Byron and William Hazlitt.” Lord Byron and His Contemporaries. Ed. Charles Robinson. Newark: U of Delaware P, 1982. 66–84. Howard, Deborah. “Venice as an ‘Eastern City.’ ” Stefano Carboni, ed. Venice and the Islamic World, 828–1797. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007. 58–71. Howells, William Dean. Modern Italian Poets. New York: Harper, 1887. Rev. of Italy, by Lady Morgan. Quarterly Review 25 (April–July 1821). Jeffrey, Francis. Contributions to the Edinburgh Review. Vol. 2. London: Longman, Brown, Greek, & Longmans, 1846. ———. “Edinburgh Review 1812.” Andrew Rutherford, ed. Byron: The Critical Heritage. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970. 38–42. Jones, Howard Mumford. Rev. of Byronismo Italiano, by Antonio Porta. Italica 3.3 (August 1926): 66–68. Kann, Robert A. A History of the Habsburg Empire 1526–1918. Berkeley: U California P, 1977. Kelsall, Malcolm. “Byron’s Politics.” The Cambridge Companion to Byron. Ed. Drummond Bone. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004. 44–55. ———. Byron’s Politics. New Jersey: Barnes & Noble Books, 1987. Klein, Lawrence E. “Coffeehouse Civility, 1660–1714: An Aspect of Post-Courtly Culture in England.” Huntington Library Quarterly 59.1 (1996): 30–51. Works Cited 197

Knight, George Wilson. Byron and Shakespeare. New York: Barners & Noble, 1966. Lamb, Caroline. Glenarvon. New York: Scholars’ Facsimiles, 1972. Lane, Frederic C. Venice and History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1966. Langbein, John H. Torture and the Law of Proof: Europe and England in the Ancien Régime. Chicago: U of Chicago Press, 1977. Levra, Umberto. Fare gli italiani: memoria e celebrazione del Risorgimento. Torino: Comitato di Torino, 1992. Lewis, Anthony. “At Last Lord Byron Gets Place in Poets’ Corner in Westminster Abbey.” New York Times May 6, 1969. Licata, Glauco. Storia del Corriere della Sera. Milano: Rizzoli, 1976. Longworth, Philip. The Art of Victory: The Life and Achievements of Field Marshal Suvorov, 1729–1800. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1965. Loudon, John Claudius. In Search of English Gardens. London: Century, 1990. Lovett, Clara M. The Democratic Movement in Italy: 1830–1876. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1982. Ludwig, Emil. Talks with Mussolini. Boston: Little, Brown, 1933. Lutz, Deborah. The Dangerous Lover: Gothic Villains, Byronism, and the Nineteenth-Century Seduction Narrative. Columbus: Ohio State UP, 2006. Luzio, Alessandro. “Giuseppe Acebi e la Biblioteca Italiana.” Nuova Antologia. Anno 31. Vol. 64.148. Fascicolo 16. Augusto 16, 1896. Roma: Direzione della Nuova Antologia, 1896. 577–598. Macchi, Mauro. Studj Politici. Genova: Delle-Piane, 1854. Macaulay, Thomas Babington. “On Byron 1831.” Andrew Rutherford, ed. Byron: The Critical Heritage. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970. 295–316. Maestro, Marcello T. Cesare Beccaria and the Origins of Penal Reform. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1973. Marchand, Leslie. Byron: A Biography. New York: Knopf, 1957. Marriott, J.A.R. The Eastern Question. Oxford: Clarendon, 1917. Marshall, Roderick. Italy in English Literature: 1755–1815. New York: Columbia UP, 1934. Mazzini, Joseph. The Life and Writings of Joseph Mazzini. Vol. 4. London: Smith, Elder, 1891. Mazzoni, Guido. Glorie e memorie dell’arte e della civiltà d’Italia. Firenze: Alfani e Venturi, 1905. McGann, Jerome. Fiery Dust: Byron’s Poetic Development. Chicago: U Chicago P, 1968. ———. “Rethinking Romanticism.” ELH 59.3 (Autumn 1992): 735–754. McNeil, Peter. “Mararoni Masculinities.” Fashion Theory 4.4 (2000): 373–403. ———. “‘That Doubtful Gender’: Macaroni Dress and Male Sexualities,” Fashion Theory 3.4 (1999). 411–447. 198 Works Cited

Melchiori, Georgio. “Byron and Italy: Catalyst of the Risorgimento,” Byron’s Political and Cultural Influence in Nineteenth-Century Europe. Ed. Paul Graham Trueblood. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities, 1981. 108–121. Meneghetti, Nazzareno. “Una celebre gara di nuoto di Lord Byron.’’ L’Ateneo Veneto 11.3 (November–December 1908): 313–334. Milbank, Alison. Dante and the Victorians. Manchester: Manchester UP, 1998. Milizia-Tacchi, Bice. Delle poesia di Giuseppina Turrisi Colonna. Alessandria: Jacquemod, 1890. Miller, Peter N. “Friendship and Conversation in Seventeenth-Century Venice.” Journal of Modern History 73.1 (March 2001). Monroy, Alonso Alberto. Ricordi di taluni circoli e della grande conversa- zione della nobilità in Palermo. Palmero: Stabilimento Tipografico Virzi, 1909. Montanelli, Giuseppe. Memorie sull’ Italia e specialmente sulla Toscana dal 1814 al 1850. Torino: Società Editrice Italiana, 1853. Monti, Vicenzo. Epistolario di Vicenzo Monti. Milano: Presso Giovanni Resnati, 1842. Moore, Thomas. The Life, Letters, and Journals of Lord Byron. London: John Murray, 1866. Mordani, Filippo. Eligio Storica di Giorgio Lord Byron. Ravenna: Roveri, 1841. Morgan, Sydney Owenson. Italy. London: H. Colburn, 1821. Mori, Maria Teresa. Salotti: La sociabilità delle élite nell’Italia dell’Ottocento. Roma: Carocci, 2000. Mori, Renato. Il tramonto del potere temporale, 1866–1870. Roma: Edizioni di storia e letterature, 1967. Morley, John. “On Byron and the Revolution.” Andrew Rutherford, ed. Byron: The Critical Heritage. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970. 384–409. Munby, A. N. L. Sale Catalogues of Libraries of Eminent Persons. Vol. 1. London: Mansell, 1971. Muoni, Guido. La fama del Byron e il Byronismo in Italia. Milano: Società Editrice Libraria, 1903. Nicholson, Andrew. “Byron’s Prose.” Bone, Drummond, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Byron. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004. 186–208. Nicolini, Giuseppe. Vita di Giorgio Lord Byron. Milano: Alessandro Lombardi, 1855. Nuovo, Angela. “A Lost Arabic Koran Rediscovered.” The Library 12.4 (December 1990): 17–27. O’Connor, Anne. “L’Italia: La Terra dei Morti?” Italian Culture 23 (2005): 31–50. Orsi, Pietro. Modern Italy 1748–1898. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1900. Works Cited 199

Orsini, Felice. Memorie politiche. Torino: La Libreria T. Degiorgis, 1862. Osipov, K. Suvorov. London: Hutchinson, 1944. Pasolini, Pier Desideria. Ravenna e le sue grandi memorie. Roma: Ermanno Loescher, 1912. Pedrocco, Ennia Clarice. Il genio sovrano di lord Georg Byron, precursore del Risorgimento italico. Udine: Bianco & Figlio, 1948. Pellico, Silvio. Rev. of Il Corsaro, by George Gordon Byron. Il Conciliatore 68 (April 25, 1819). Petruccelli della Gattina, Ferdinando. I moribondi del Palazzo Carignano. Milano: Fortunato Perelli, 1862. Piper, William Bowman. Common Courtesy in Eighteenth-Century English Literature. Newark: U of Delaware P, 1997. . The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1952. Pocock, J. G. A. The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1975. Poerio, Alessandro and Carlo Poerio. Liriche e lettere inedite di Alessandro & Carlo Poerio. Ed. Achille Ugo del Giudice. Torino: Toux Frassati, 1899. Porta, Antonio. Byronismo italiano. Milan: L. F. Cogliati, 1923. Posner, Richard. Law and Literature: A Misunderstood Relation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1988. Prati, Giovanni. Opera edite e inedite del Giovanni Prati. Vol. 3. Milano: Maurizio Guigono, 1865. ———. Opere varie. Vol. 1. Milano: Maurizio Guigono, 1875. Praz, Mario. Storia della letterature inglese. Firenze: Sansoni, 1962. “Proemio.” Biblioteca italiana. Anno 5. Tomo xvii. Gennaio, Febbraio, e Marzo, 1820. Milano: Presso la direzione del Giornale, 1820. 3–108. Quaranta, Gennaro. “Byron e l’Italia.” Revista di Cultura. 8.11 Roma (November 1923): 341–347. Ragazzini, Remo. Lord Byron e la contessa Teresa Guiccioli: amori e cospi- razioni nel soggiorno ravennate del poeta inglese. Lugo: W. Berti, 1989. Rendina, Claudio. I dogi storia e segreti. Roma: Newton Compton, 1984. Rice, Richard Ashley. “Lord Byron’s British Reputation.” Smith College Studies in Modern Languages 5.2 (January 1924): 1–26. Ridenour, George M. The Style of Don Juan. New Haven: Yale UP, 1960. Romano, Dennis. The Likeness of Venice: a Life of Doge Francesco Foscari, 1373–1457. New Haven: Yale UP, 2007. Ross, Steven T. Quest for Victory: French Military Strategy 1792–1799. Cranbury, NJ: Barnes & Co., 1978. Rossi, Joseph. “National Consciousness in Italian Literature.” Bulletin of the Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association 27.3 (September 1973 ): 159–166. Ruddick, William. “Byron and England.” Byron’s Political and Cultural Influence in Nineteenth-Century Europe. Ed. Paul Graham Trueblood. Atlantic Highlands: Humanities, 1981. 25–47. 200 Works Cited

Ruggiero, Guido. Violence in Early Renaissance Venice. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers UP, 1980. Rumi, Giorgio. Gioberti. Bologna: Il Mulino, 1999. Russell, Bertrand. History of Western Philosophy. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1947. Rutherford, Andrew. “Introduction.” Byron: The Critical Heritage. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1970. Sacchero, Giacomo. “Il Venerdì Santo.” La Gondola 29 (July 22, 1837): 455–460. Sancipriano, Mario. Vincenzo Gioberti: Progetti etico-politici nel Risorgimento. Roma: Edizioni Studium, 1997. Sanson, Helena L. “Donne che (non) ridono.” Italian Studies 60.1 (Spring 2005): 6–21. Scarangello, Anthony. “Major Catholic-Liberal Educational Philosophers of the Italian Risorgimento.” History of Education Quarterly 4.4 (December 1964): 232–250. Schneid, Frederick. Soldiers of Napoleon’s Kingdom of Italy: Army, State, and Society, 1800–1815. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1995. Schock, Peter A. Romantic Satanism: Myth and the Historical Moment in Blake, Shelley, and Byron. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. “Science, Lettere ed Arti Italiane.” Biblioteca Italiana. Anno 13. Vol. 49. Tomo xlix. Gennaio, Febbraio, e Marzo, 1828. 69–94. Scirocco, Alfonso. L’ Italia del Risorgimento 1800–1871. Bologna: Societa editrice il Mulino, 1993. Seymour, Miranda. Mary Shelley. New York: Grove, 2000. Smarr, Janet Levarie. Joining the Conversation: Dialogues by Renaissance Women. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2005. Smith, Denis Mack. Italy: A Modern History. Ann Arbor: U Michigan P, 1959. ———. The Making of Italy, 1796–1870. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1968. Southey, Robert. The Poetical Works of Robert Southey. London: Longmans, Green, 1845. ———. The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey. Ed. Charles Cuthbert Couthey. New York: Harper & Bros., 1855. Spenser, Edmund. Faerie Queene. Works of Edmund Spenser. Vol. 3. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1934. Tedaldi Fores, Carlo. Meditazioni poetiche sulla mitologia. Cremona: De Micheli, 1826. Thorslev, Peter L. The Byronic Hero: Types and Prototypes. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1962. Tinker, Chauncey Brewster. The Salon and English Letters. New York: Gordian, 1967. Torelli, G. Giorgio Byron. Milan, 1844. Tornius, Valerian. The Salon: Its Rise and Fall; Pictures of Society through Five Centuries. Trans. Agnes Platt. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1971. Works Cited 201

Trueblood, Paul Graham. Byron’s Political and Cultural Influence in Nineteenth-Century Europe. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities, 1981. Turrisi-Colonna, Giuseppina. Lettere d’illustri Italiani a Giuseppina Turrisi- Colonna. Palermo: Tipografia Editrice del Tempo: 1884. ———. Liriche. Firenze: Felice Le Monnier, 1846. ———. Poesia. Palermo: F. Ruffino, 1854. Valente, Angela. Gioacchino Murat e l’Italia meridionale. Torino: Einaudi, 1976. Vallone, Aldo. Dal “Caffè” al “Conciliatore” storia delle idee. Lucca: Lucentia, 1953. Vaughan, William. “The Englishness of British Art.” Oxford Art Journal 13.2 (1990): 11–23. Verri, Pietro. “Alcuni pensieri sull’ origine degli errori.” Il Caffè. Ed. Gianni Francioni and Sergio Romagni. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998. 537–539. ———. “La commedia.” Il Caffè. Ed. Gianni Francioni and Sergio Romagni. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998. 50–55. ———. Discorso sull’ indole del piaccere e del dolore (Milano: Marzorati, 1972). ———. “I giudizi popolari.” Il Caffè. Ed. Gianni Francioni and Sergio Romagni. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998. 234–241. ———. Osservazioni sulla tortura. Milano: Feltrinelli, 1979. ———. “Sulla interpretazione delle legge.” Il Caffè. Ed. Gianni Francioni and Sergio Romagni. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998. 695–704. Vincent, E. R. Ugo Foscolo: An Italian in Regency England. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1952. Von Fuhrmann, Ludwig. Die Belesenheit des Jungen Byron. Berlin: M. Kindler, 1903. Walker, Keith. Byron’s Readers: A Study of Attitudes toward Byron 1812–1832. Salzburg: Institut fur Anglistik und Amerikanistik, 1979. Walker, Mack. Plombieres: Secret Diplomacy and the Rebirth of Italy. New York: Oxford UP, 1968. Warneke, Sara. Images of the Educational Traveller in Early Modern England. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995. Wasserman, Jack. “Byron’s Venice.” International Byron Society Conference. Venice, Italy. July 11, 2007. Wiel, Taddeo. “Lord Byron e il suo soggiorno in Venezia.” L’Ateneo Veneto 28 (1.3) (May–June 1905): 277. Wilson, Frances. Byromania: Portraits of the Artist in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Culture. New York: St. Martin’s P, 1999. Zacchetti, Corrando. Lord Byron e L’italia. Milano: Renno Sandron, 1919. Zaghi, Carlo. Napoleone e l’Italia. Napoli: La Citta del Sole, 2001. Zuccato, Edoardo. “The Fortunes of Byron in Italy (1810–70).” The Reception of Byron in Europe. Ed. Richard Cardwell. Vol. 1. London: Thoemmes Continuum, 2004. 80–97. Index

Abba, Giuseppe Cesare, 8, 43, Religion, 74–75, 79 72–74 Reputation, 1, 5–10, 44–52, Acerbi, Giuseppe, 83, 84 57–59, 61–62 Albany, Countess of, 25, 141 Translations, 61–62 Alfieri, Vittorio, 2, 25, 141 Works: Angeletti, Gioia, 150–151 Age of Bronze, 175–176, 186 Arcadian School, 85 Childe Harold’s Pilgramage, Aristotle, 100–101 13–14, 22–23, 67, 69, Arsenal, 115–118 71, 82, 98 Avitabile, Grazia, 28 The Corsair, 30, 61, 90, 91 Don Juan, 30, 141, 148–161 Bacon, Francis, 12 The Giaour, 24, 25, 89–90 Baiesi, Serena, 149 Manfred, 67 Banti, Alberto M., 2, 8 Marino Faliero, 24, 30, 95, 97, Beatty, Bernard, 149 100, 106, 107–119, 138–139 Beccaria, Cesare, 17–18, The Prophecy of Dante, 31, 130–131, 133 70–71, 82, 179–180 Bellezza, Paolo, 28 The Two Foscari, 30, 95, 99, Bentinck, William, 164 106, 119–129, 134–140 Benzoni, Marina, 141 Berchet, Giovanni, 23, 25, 32, Il Caffè, 2, 17, 25, 130, 131, 133 98, 99 Calcaterra, Carlo, 86–87 Betti, Franco, 28 Calisse, Carlo, 132–133 Beyle, Marie-Henri, see Stendhal Cantù, Cesare, 61, 76 Biblioteca italiana, 61, 83–84, Carbonari, 9, 21, 31, 33, 37–43, 98 89–91 Carlyle, Thomas, 5 Bignamini, Ilaria, 13 Castelar, Emilio, 63–64 Black, Jeremy, 15 Castiglione, Baldassare, 144–145, Blease, W. L., 166, 169–170 152–153, 156, 157 Boholm, Asa, 105 Catherine II of (Catherine Borsieri, Pietro, 87–88 the Great), 162–164, Bouwsma, William J., 101–102 173, 175 Burke, Edmund, 118 Cavour, Camillo Benso di, 5–6, Byron 20, 26 Politics, 4, 25, 30–36, 39–40, Cerruti, Marco, 145 97–100, 117, 139–140 Chartists, 47–48 Reading, 24 Chew, Samuel, 46, 47 204 Index

Chiarini, Giuseppe, 180 Farneti, Roberto, 146 Chierici Stagni, Maria Teresa, 39 Fasanari, Raffaele, 167 Classicism, 25–26, 82–91 Felluga, Dino Franco, 54 Il Conciliatore, 25, 29, 30, 32, Finley, Robert, 104 61, 82–84, 87–91, 98, Flemming, Anne, 34 99, 130 Foa, Giovanni, 40 Confalonieri, Federico, 25, 32, Fortini Brown, Patricia, 103 98, 99 Foscolo, Ugo, 2, 23 Conversation, 144–146, 149, Fournier, August, 166 155–156 , 18 Conversazioni, 17, 24, 62, 141, see also Napoleon I; Suvorov, 142–144, 146–147, Alexander 154–157, 160–161 Cozzi, Gaetano, 105 Gabardi Broschi, Isabella Rossi, 71 Crisafulla, Lilla Maria, 151 Gamba, Pietro, 38, 41, 43, 98, 99 Cronin, Richard, 32 Gamba, Ruggero, 38, 39, 43, 98 Cruikshank, George, 46, 173–174 Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 5, 6, 9, 15, Cuoco, Vincenzo, 31 23, 73 Gilbert, Felix, 53 Dall’ Ongaro, 76–82 Gillespie, Michael Allen, 183 Dallas, Robert, 156 Gilmore, Myron, 101 Da Mosto, Andrea, 104 Gioberti, Vincenzo, 15, 76–78, 81 D’Annunzio, Gabriele, 182–184 Govorchin, Gerard Gilbert, 164 Dante Alighieri, 2, 64, 70–71 Gozzano, Guido, 183, 185 Davis, Robert C., 115 Grand Tour, 12–15, 22–23, 51–52 D’Azeglio, Massimo, 26, 144, 179 Guardione, Francesco, 68 De Breme, Lodovico, 24–25, Guarione, Francesco, 44 32, 98 Guazzo, Stefano, 144–146, 160 De Lamartine, Alphonse, 5, 21, 71 Guerrazzi, Francesco Domenico, Della Casa, Giovanni, 144, 145, 2, 29, 62, 63 149, 151–152, 153, Guiccioli, Alessandro, 39 157, 160 Guiccioli, Teresa, 5, 38, 69–70, 98 Della Peruta, Franco, 21 De Sanctis, Francesco, 28, 32 Hale, John, 12 De Seta, Cesare, 15 Harrington, James, 14 De Sismondi, J. C. L., 14, 121 Hazlitt, William, 45 De Stael, Germaine, 24, 26, 83, Hobhouse, John Cam, 31, 33, 97 84, 85, 141, 150 Holme, James W., 144 De Virgilii, Pasquale, 62 Houck, James A., 45 Dickens, Charles, 49–50 Howard, Deborah, 93 Di Negro, Gian Carlo, 65–66 Howell, William Dean, 98

Elfenbein, Andrew, 47, 49 Improvvisatori, 149–151 Elledge, Paul, 34 Engels, Frederich, 48 Jeffrey, Francis, 46, 54, 106, 158 Enlightenment, 15–18 Jones, Mumford, 9 Index 205

Kelsall, Malcolm, 4, 32, 98, 129 Nationalism, 5, 14–16, 18–21, Klein, Lawrence, 144 26–32, 44, 50–51, Knight, G. Wilson, 128 75–78, 82–83, 85–87, Kosciuszko, Tadeusz, 165, 175–176 179–183, 186 see also Poland see also Risorgimento Neoclassicism, see Classicism Lamb, Caroline, 49, 54 Neo-Guelph, 15, 76–82 Lane, Frederic C., 104 Nicholson, Andrew, 45 Langbein, John H., 132 Nicolini, Giuseppe Battista, 3, 26, Leopardi, Giacomo, 28, 62 36, 39, 59, 61 Levra, Umberto, 26 Nuovo, Angela, 95 Lioni, Michele, 61, 98 Longworth, Philip, 167, 168 O’Connor, Anne, 71 Looting, 169–172 Opera, 62 Loudon, John Claudius, 48 Orsi, Pietro, 2 Lovett, Clara M., 75 Orsini, Felice, 5, 7–8 Lutz, Deborah, 56 Osipov, K., 165 Owenson, Sydney (Lady Morgan), “Macaroni,” 52–54 37, 85–86 Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 45 Machiavelli, Niccolo, 2 Pasolini, Pier Desiderio, 8 Maestro, Marcello T., 130 Pedrocco, Ennia Clarice, 3, 180 Manzoni, Alessandro, 8, 28 Pellico, Silvio, 3, 25, 28, 61, Marchand, Leslie, 99 62, 82, 90–91, 98, Marriott, John Arthur Ransome, 164 99, 129 Mazzini, Giuseppe, 5–6, 7, 15, Pepe, Guglielmo, 21, 23, 37, 71 20, 23 Petrarch, Francesco, 2, 109–110 Mazzoni, Guido, 2 Petruccelli della Gattina, McGann, Jerome, 47, 50, 137 Fernando, 3 McNeil, Peter, 52 Pindemonte, Ippolito, 25 Melchiori, Giorgio, 62 Piper, William Bowman, 146–147 Meneghetti, Nazzareno, 24 Pius IX, 25, 77–78 Mickiewiez, Adam, 5 Pocock, J. G. A., 14, 35, 101, 138 Milbank, Alison, 13, 51 Poland, 163–166, 168, 173, Milizia-Tacchi, Bice, 68 175–176 Miller, Peter N., 145 Polybius, 101 Monroy, Alfonso Alberto, 143 Porta, Antonio, 9, 22, 64–65 Montanelli, Giuseppe, 29 Pozza, Felice, 28 Monti, Vincenzo, 25, 83–84, 89 Prati, Giovanni, 66–68 Mordani, Filippo, 58, 76 Praz, Mario, 26 Mori, Maria Theresa, 143–144, 146 Morley, John, 47 Quaranta, Gennaro, 64 Muoni, Guido, 3 Rendina, Claudio, 113, 124 Napoleon I, 18–22, 36, 95, 163 Rice, Richard Ashley, 57 Napoleon III, 7 Ridenour, George M., 147–148 206 Index

Risorgimento, 3, 8, 16–17, 19–23, Tedaldi Fores, Carlo, 66 26–28, 37, 39, 40, 82–83, Teotochi-Albrizzi, Isabella, 24, 85–86 38, 66, 141, 146, see also Nationalism 156 Romano, Dennis, 121, 123, 124, 125 Thorslev, Peter, 55 Romanticism, 26–32, 82–91 Tilney, Jackson, 54 Ross, Steven T., 167 Tinker, Chauncey Brewster, Rossi, Pellegrino, 24–25, 77, 89–90 142–143 Ruggiero, Guido, 100, 108, 109 Torelli, Giuseppe, 58–59 Russell, Bertrand, 33, 50 Torture, 127–134, 138 Rutherford, Andrew, 46 Turrisi-Colonna, Giuseppina, 44, Ryleev, Kondraty Fyodorovich, 5 63, 68–72

Sacchero, Giocomo, 80 Vallone, Aldo, 17 Saloniere or Salons, see Vaughn, William, 51 Conversazioni Venice Sanson, Helena L., 152, 153–154 Government, 94, 104–106, “Satanic School,” 30, 54–57 108, 111–112, 114–115, Scarangello, Anthony, 76 122, 127 Schneid, Frederick, 20–21 History, 93–96, 103–107, Schock, Peter, 55–56 108–116, 119–127 Scirocco, Alfonso, 18, 26, 28 As Republican Ideal, 100–101, Shelley, Mary, 49, 156 107, 127–128, 139 Smarr, Janet Levarie, 146 Verri, Pietro, 17–18, 130–134 Southey, Robert, 54–57 Vincent, E. R., 23 “Spanish Constitution,” 38, 189 Stendhal, 25, 32, 84 Walker, Keith, 48 Suvorov, Alexander, 161–177 Wiel, Taddeo, 64 Ismail, 161–164, 168–171, 176, 177 Zacchetti, Corrando, 58 Italy, 163, 165–166, 171–176 Zaghi, Carlo, 19 Swinburne, Algernon Charles, 5 Zuccatto, Edoardo, 28, 61, 62