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MEDITERRANEO Ok 1 %STELIBROAPORTAUNAVISIØNPOLIFACÏTICADELMONTEMEDITERRÉNEOEN!NDALUCÓAQUEPONEDEMANIlESTOSUSVALORESECOLØGICOS PAISAJÓSTICOSYSOCIALES%LTÏRMINOhMONTEvSEABORDACONUNSIGNIlCADOAMPLIO INCLUYENDOCUALQUIERhTIERRAINCULTACUBIERTADEÉR BOLES ARBUSTOSOMATASv QUEESCOMOLODElNEELDICCIONARIODELA2EAL!CADEMIA%SPA×OLA"AJOESTEENFOQUE LOSTEMASTRATADOS SEHANELEGIDOAPLICANDOELCRITERIODEOFRECERUNCUADROLOMÉSEXHAUSTIVOPOSIBLEMEDIANTEUNAVISIØNMULTIDISCIPLINARIA BASADA %LMONTEMEDITERRÉNEO ENCONJUNTARASPECTOSQUEORDINARIAMENTESETRATANPORSEPARADO ,OSPROTAGONISTASDEESTAOBRASONLASPLANTASYLOSANIMALES INCLUIDOELHOMBRE ORIGINARIOSDEDIVERSASÉREASBIOGEOGRÉlCASY QUEHOYCONVIVENENELMONTEMEDITERRÉNEODE!NDALUCÓA QUEESELESCENARIOTERRITORIALENDONDETRANSCURRELATRAMAECOLØGICA EN!NDALUCÓA %STOSACTORESTIENENSUPROPIATRAYECTORIAEVOLUTIVASEALIMENTAN SEREPRODUCENYCOMPITENOCOOPERANENTREELLOS4ODASESTAS INTERRELACIONES JUNTOCONLASRESPUESTASQUEMUESTRANLOSCAMBIOSDELOSFACTORESDELMEDIO CONSTITUYENREALMENTEELARGUMENTO DELOQUEPUEDECLASIlCARSECONRIGORCOMOAUTÏNTICAHISTORIANATURAL %SUNAOBRADEDIVULGACIØN DECONTENIDOSRIGUROSOS REALIZADAPORESPECIALISTASQUEHANSIDOCAPACES TRASA×OSDELABORINVESTIGA DORA DEINTRODUCIRNOSCONUNLENGUAJECLAROYCOMPRENSIBLEALESTADODECONOCIMIENTODELMONTEMEDITERRÉNEODE!NDALUCÓA %LMONTEMEDITERRÉNEOEN!NDALUCÓA El monte mediterráneo en Andalucía El monte mediterráneo en Andalucía El monte mediterráneo en Andalucía Edita: Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía CONSEJERA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Fuensanta Coves Botella DIRECTOR GENERAL DE GESTIÓN DEL MEDIO NATURAL José Guirado Romero DIRECCIÓN FACULTATIVA DE LA EDICIÓN José Mª Fernández-Palacios Carmona Este libro es resultado del “Convenio de Colaboración entre la Consejería de Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Andalucía y el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) para Compendiar y Elaborar Información sobre el Monte Mediterráneo de Andalucía”, suscrito el 18 de diciembre de 2001. COORDINACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Carlos M. Herrera DISEÑO GRÁFICO Y MAQUETACIÓN Manuel Ortiz GRÁFICOS Bella Moreno y Viqui R.Gallardo FOTOMECÁNICA E IMPRESIÓN Gandolfo © 2004, Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía. Este libro debe citarse como: Primera edición financiada por la Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Herrera, C. M. (coordinador). 2004. El monte mediterráneo en Andalucía. Andalucía. Ejemplar de difusión gratuita. Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía, 206 pp. Sevilla Un capítulo debe citarse como: Quedan rigurosamente prohibidas, sin la autorización escrita del titular del Carrión, J. S y Díez, M. J. 2004. «Origen y evolución de la vegetación medi- «Copyright» y bajo las sanciones establecidas en las leyes, la reproducción total o terránea en Andalucía a través del registro fósil». Herrera, C. M. (coordina- parcial de esta obra por cualquier medio o procedimiento, comprendidos la repro- dor). 2004. El monte mediterráneo en Andalucía. Consejería de Medio grafía y el tratamiento informático, y la distribución de ella mediante venta o alquiler. Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía, pp 21-27. Sevilla ISBN: 84-933537-4-4 Depósito legal: Impreso en España 2004, Sevilla COORDINADOR CIENTÍFICO Carlos M. Herrera Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC AUTORES Elena Angulo Juan Fernández Haeger Ángel Martín Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Universidad de Córdoba Universidad de Sevilla Juan Arroyo Carlos M. Herrera José Merino Universidad de Sevilla Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Universidad Pablo de Olavide Baltasar Cabezudo Javier Herrera Baldomero Moreno-Arroyo Universidad de Málaga Universidad de Sevilla Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía José S. Carrión Fernando Hiraldo Juan J. Negro Universidad de Murcia Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Miguel Delibes de Castro Juan Manuel Infante Fernando Ojeda Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Universidad Pablo de Olavide Universidad de Cádiz Mario Díaz Esteban Diego Jordano Barbudo Francisco Palomares Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Universidad de Córdoba Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Carmen Díaz Paniagua Teodoro Marañón Andrés V. Pérez Latorre Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Universidad de Málaga Sevilla. CSIC María J. Díez Juan Puigdefábregas Universidad de Sevilla Adolfo Marco Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, CSIC Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC José A. Donázar José L.Tellería Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC Universidad Complutense de Madrid AUTORES DE LAS FOTOGRAFÍAS Consejería de Medio Ambiente 33, 35, 72, 121, Ángel Martín, 171 Javier Andrada, 50, 51, 55, 70, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 152, 163, 164, 165, 167, 173, 183, 187, 192 Herminio Martínez Muñiz, 90, 94, 95, 96, 98, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 109, 113, 116, 134, 162, Carmen Díaz Paniagua y Adolfo Marco, 89 99, 100, 102, 104, 108, 110 165, 167, 180 Jesús Fernández García, 160-161 José Francisco Mingorance Gutiérrez, 88 Juan Arroyo, 57 Juan Fernández Haeger y Diego Jordano Rolf Möhring, 60 Julio Blas, 122 Barbudo, 64 Javier Molina, 153, 155, 178, 189 Benjamín Busto, 75 Santos Fernández Luna, 95 Baldomero Moreno-Arroyo, 177 Javier Cabanillas, 91 P.Ferrandis, 150 Pepe Morón, 40, 41 Rafael Cadenas, 36, 121 Francisco Javier Gómez Fernández, 131 Fernando Ojeda, 149, 154, 156, 159 Antonio Camoyán, 18-19, 20, 21, 28, 29, 31, 32, Toni Guillén,119 Marco A. Pérez García, 114 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 46, 52, 53, 58-59, 73, 103, Carlos M. Herrera, 45, 66, 94, 128, 129, 130, 135, Juan Puigdefábregas, 190, 191, 193 105, 106, 110, 112, 125, 136, 138, 139, 145, 143, 144, 150, 168 José Reina Hervás, 61 157, 166, 168, 169, 173, 179, 182, 191, José Mª Carpena Coronado, 198-199 Antonio Sabater, 71 195, 196 Javier Herrera, 32, 43, 132, 133, 140, 141 Miguel Simón, 125 Miguel Ángel Cano, 47, 149 Ángel Martín, 170, 171, 173 José Luis Tellería,181 José S. Carrión y María J. Díez, 26 Jesús López Moreno, 126-127 J.A.Torres, 76 AGRADECIMIENTOS: A Herminio Muñiz y Bitis Documentales por la cesión de la fotografía del Lince con Muflón en Andújar (pág. 108). A Luis Villagarcía (Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla), por su ayuda en la preparación del cápitulo 3.A Marina García,Alfonso Martínez Sánchez-Lafuente, Rocío Requerey (Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC), Miguel Ángel Simón (Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Jaén) y África Colomo (Fundación Gypaetus), por su inestimable ayuda en las tare- as editoriales y en la coordinación y gestión del proyecto.A Rolf Möhring, José Reina Hervás, Santos Fernández Luna, Jesús López Moreno, Francisco Javier Gómez Fernández, José Francisco Mingorance Gutiérrez, Marco A. Pérez García y Jesús Fernández García, autores de fotografías seleccionadas en distintas ediciones del Certamen de Fotografía de Medio Ambiente de Andalucía. 7 TÍTULO APÉNDICE Presentación 9 índice Prólogo 11 Introducción general 16 Parte I Parte II Parte III Parte IV Flora y vegetación Fauna Regeneración de la Usos humanos y 1. Origen y evolución 4. Las mariposas vegetación conservación de la vegetación Juan Fernández Haeger 9. Biología de la reproducción 12. El monte mediterráneo mediterránea en Andalucía a y Diego Jordano Barbudo 61 Javier Herrera andaluz como fuente de través del registro fósil 129 5. Los anfibios riqueza biológica y económica José S. Carrión y María J. Díez 21 Cuadro 9.1. Flores y polinización Carmen Díaz Paniagua Ángel Martín 163 Javier Herrera 140 2. Las comunidades vegetales y Adolfo Marco 71 Cuadro 12.1. El corcho Baltasar Cabezudo Artero Cuadro 9.2. Producción de Cuadro 5.1. El declive global de Ángel Martín 170 y Andrés V. Pérez Latorre 29 frutos e invernada de aves los anfibios Carlos M. Herrera Cuadro 12.2. El cerdo Cuadro 2.1. Los Quercus Carmen Díaz Paniagua 142 Ángel Martín 172 en Andalucía y Adolfo Marco 79 10. El banco de semillas Baltasar Cabezudo Artero en el suelo Cuadro 12.3. Ganadería extensiva 6. Los reptiles y Andrés V. Pérez Latorre 40 Teodoro Marañón Ángel Martín 174 Adolfo Marco 145 Cuadro 2.2. Las gimnospermas y Carmen Díaz Paniagua 81 11. Respuesta de las plantas Cuadro 12.4. Los hongos en el como integrantes del monte al fuego monte mediterráneo andaluz Cuadro 6.1. Lagartija de Valverde mediterráneo Fernando Ojeda Baldomero Moreno Arroyo 176 Adolfo Marco 153 Baltasar Cabezudo Artero y Carmen Díaz Paniagua 88 13. La conservación del y Andrés V. Pérez Latorre 42 monte mediterráneo en Cuadro 6.2. El galápago de Florida Cuadro 2.3. Los matorrales Andalucía: pasado, presente Adolfo Marco Baltasar Cabezudo Artero y futuro y Carmen Díaz Paniagua 89 y Andrés V. Pérez Latorre 44 José Luis Tellería 179 7. Comunidades de aves de 3. Ecofisiología Cuadro 13.1. Influencias de la las formaciones arbóreas José Merino humanización sobre el monte Mario Díaz Esteban 91 y Juan Manuel Infante 47 mediterráneo andaluz Cuadro 7.1. El Buitre Negro Baltasar Cabezudo Artero Cuadro 3.1. Fenología: José A. Donázar 104 y Andrés V. Pérez Latorre 188 el paso de las estaciones Juan Arroyo 56 Cuadro 7.2. El Águila Imperial Cuadro 13.2. Suelos y erosión Juan J. Negro 106 Juan Puigdefábregas 190 8. Los mamíferos Cuadro 13.3. La Reserva Biológica Miguel Delibes de Castro 109 de Doñana: un laboratorio abierto a la investigación científica del Cuadro 8.1. El Lince Ibérico monte mediterráneo Francisco Palomares 120 Fernando Hiraldo 194 Cuadro 8.2. El Conejo Elena Angulo 122 Apéndices Bibliografía 201 Información complementaria 204 Direcciones de los autores 206 8 EL MONTE MEDITERRÁNEO 9 TÍTULO CAPÍTULO presentación uando los antecesores de lo que hoy que es el monte mediterráneo queda patente en conocemos como hombre pusieron el muchas
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