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The Rat from an Aircraft: Investigations for Multiple Pathogen Detection

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The Rat from an Aircraft: Investigations for Multiple Pathogen Detection Poster Presentations New and Re-Emerging Zoonotic Diseases N19 The rat from an aircraft: Investigations for multiple pathogen detection Elisa Heusera, Arnt Ebingerb, Silva Holtfreterc, Andreas Zautnerd, René Rylla, Stephan Drewesa, Beate Matzkeita, Bernd Hoffmannb, Dirk Höperb, Markus Kellera, Allison Grosethf, Gottfried Wilharme, Daniel Mrochenc, Anna Obiegalag, Frank Dossh, Tobias Eisenbergi, Sandra Niendorfj, Sindy Böttcherk, Michael H. Kohnl, Charlotte Schröderm, Joachim Reetzn, Kati Franzkeo, Eric Ehrke-Schulzp, Martin Pfefferg, Katja Schmidtq, Martin Beerb, Rainer G. Ulricha,r,* a Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany b Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany c Department of Immunology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany d Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, 37075 Göttingen, Germany e Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch, Burgstr. 37, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany Friedrich-Loeffler- f Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Group – Arenavirus Biology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany g Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany h Clean Frank Doss GmbH, Kampstraße 27, 16792 Zehdenick, Germany i Hessian State Laborytory, Schubertstraße 60 - Haus 13, 35392 Gießen, Germany j Robert Koch-Institute, Department of Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany k Robert Koch-Institute, Regional Reference Laboratory of the WHO/Europe for Poliomyelitis, Seestraße 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany l Rice University, BioSciences, Houston, TX BioSciences MS-170, Rice University, 130 Anderson Biology, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, Texas, 77251-1892, USA m Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany n German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany o Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Infectology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald- Insel Riems, Germany p Department of Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research, University of Witten/Herdecke, Stockumer Strasse 10, 58453 Witten, Germany q Microbiological Diagnostics, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany r German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel-Insel Riems, Germany Keywords: rat, aircraft, pathogens, workflow, investigations Rats are reservoirs for a variety of zoonotic pathogens like cowpox virus, Seoul orthohantavirus and Leptospira spp., which can cause serious diseases in humans. Additionally, non-zoonotic pathogens such as rat hepacivirus and polyomaviruses were found in rats. In April 2017, a passenger noticed the presence of a rat in an aircraft during the flight. After landing in Berlin, the rat was localized, euthanized and subsequently dissected. Various tissue samples were taken for different pathogen investigations. The animal was identified as a Black rat (Rattus rattus) by standard cytochrome b-PCR and subsequent sequencing. This event was taken as occasion to establish a standard workflow for rodent-borne pathogen detection. Open-view methods were conducted, including cultivation and characterization of bacteria, high throughput sequencing, electron microscopy, microarray, and multiplex serology investigations. The pathogen-specific methods targeted 20 viral and eleven bacterial pathogens. Cultivation experiments showed the presence of five bacterial and two fungal species. A methicillin- sensitive Staphylococcus aureus strain (MSSA-CC45) was detected by a specific multiplex PCR and high throughput sequencing investigations revealed two novel picobirnaviruses. In conclusion, a few zoonotic and non-zoonotic pathogens were detected in the rat but no evidence for other pathogens is presumably, as they would have been found with the workflow investigations, especially open view methods. 149 .
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