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Mollusca of the Buda Limestone

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Mollusca of the Buda Limestone Bulletin No. 205 Series C, Systematic Geology and Paleontology, 59 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHAKLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR THE MOLLUSCA OF THE BUDA LIMESTONE BY GEORGE BURBANK SHATTUCK WITH AN APPENDIX ON THE CORALS OF THE BUDA LIMESTONE THOMAS WAYLAND VAUGHAN WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1903 CONTENTS. Page. Letter of transmittal, by T. W. Stanton .................................. 7 Preparatory note .----..-................,.........:..._................... 9 Historical review . ... .................................................... 9 Bibliography.............................._..........................'.. 11 Geology of the Bnda limestone..... .....--.....'-...---...-...--.-........ 12 List of species in Buda limestone.......---.-..-...--....-................ 14 Descriptions of species.................................................... 15 Mollusca ...... ._--.-._-.-.-------...-__..-.... ..-..'.-.......-....... 15 Pelecypoda.... .................-...................-.-..-------- 15 Pectinidse .................................................. .... 15 Limidse ................:...................................... 17 Pernidae....................................................... 19' Pinnidae..................................................... 19 Spondylidffi--_---.-.......................................... 20 Ostreidae ......................... ............................ 20 Mytilidae.......... ...................'.............. ....... 23 Arcidse....................................................... 28 Trigoniidae .................................................. 23 Crassatellidse ................................................ 24 Cardiidae..................................................... 25 Pachymiidas .........:....................-.-.......- .--........ 26 Cyprinidae...-...........................-..-.'...-........... 27 Pholadomyidaa. -........-.........."-............................ 28 Anatinidae .-......-...-..-._-.-...-...-...---.-.....-...-.... 29 Gasteropoda............................... ........................ 30 Patellidaa.--.--.... ...............--................:........... 30 Plenrotomariidae. ............-.....-.-.:.-..................- 30 Trochidae.---.-.-.---------------.----:-----.---------- --..- 31 TnrriteUidsB........-..:.....-.........-....-.....--....-.... 31 Cerithiidse- ................................................... 32 Strombidae .. ........--.......-.-.....-.-.--....-.-.-....... 32 Cypraeidaa ..... ...................................... ......... 33 Fusidae ._......................_................. '.. .......... 33 Cephalopoda.............. .--..._.....-...----..---......-.---.-.. 34 Nautilidae..........----._-...-..-.-....-......--.-.-....-.-.. 34 Ammonoidea..._..........-.-....-...---,..'-.-...--..--..... 35 The corals of the Bnda limestone, by T. Wayland Vanghan........... 37 Plates......-......-....-...-...-.....-.---...-.-...---.--.---.--------.. 41 Index .............................. ...............-....---.--.--.-.----. 93 3 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. PLATE I. Map of the region near Austin, Tex., showing exposures of Buda limestone.. ................................................... 12 II. Pecten roemeri (Hill).._......................... 1............. 42 III. Pecten roemeri (Hill).-..-....-... ............................... 44 IV. Pecten roemeri (Hill)-..-...--....--....--....-----............. 46 V. Fig. 1, Pecten roemeri (Hill); 2-4, Pepten quinquecostatus (?) (Sowerby); 5, Pecten duplicicosta (?) Roemer; 6-8, Pecten tex- anus Roemer; 9, Lima sp.; 10, Lima wacoensis Roemer; 11, Lima shumardi sp. nov.; 12, Gervilliopsisinvaginata (?) (White). 48 VI. Pinna sp.......................................... .......... 50 VII. Pinnasp....................................................... 52 VIII. Figs. 1-3, Spondylus sp.; 4,5, Modiola (?) sp.; 6-8, Trigonia einoryi Conrad .-...--.-.........._.-....--.. .................. 54 I.. Gryphsea mucronata Gabb ....--..-.-....-. .................... 56 X. Exogyra clarki sp. nov.:...-...............-................... 58 XI. Exogyra clarki sp. nov ........................... ............... 60 XII. Ptychomya ragsdalei (Cragin) ......-....-.....-......'...-....... 62 XIII. Fig. 1, Ptychomya ragsdalei (Cragin); 2-4, Cardium (Grano- cardium) budaense sp. nov.; 5-7, Cardium (Protocardia) texa- num Conrad .-....-.---.------..-_-------.---_--'---.---..---. 64 XIV. Figs. 1-3, Cardium (Protocardia) vaughani sp. nov.; 4,5, Iso- cardia medialis (Conrad).___...________.__---._--._...____._. 66 XV. Figs. 1,2, Isocardia medialis (Conrad); 3-6, Pholadomya roemeri sp. nov..-.....--..-.----.-------.------..--.-.----..---...-_.. 68 XVI. Figs. 1-3, Homomyaaustinensis sp. nov.; 4,5, Homomya vulgaris sp. nov. .-.-----.-.-.-----.-----...-- --.--------.--.-.---.-..- 70 XVII; Homomya vulgaris sp. nov ................................... 72 XVIII. Figs. 1,2, Anatina austinensis sp. nov.; 3, Anatina texana sp. nov. 74 XIX. Fig. 1, Patella sp.; 2,3, Trochus sp.; 4-6, Turritella budaensis sp. nov.; 7>8, Cerithium (?) texanum sp. nov.; 9, Fusus texanus sp. nov.; 10,11, Fusus sp :..'.................................. 76 XX. Pleurotomariastantoni sp. nov .................--...1.......... 78 XXI. Harpagodes shumardi (Hill)..................................... 80 . XXII. Cyprseasp..-------------,.--.--.-------------.------.--.----. 82 XXIII. Figs. 1,2, Nautilus texanus Shumard; 3, Nautilus hilli sp. nov... 84 XXIV. Figs. 1,2, Nautilus texanus Shumard; 3,4, Nautilus hillisp.nov.. 86 XXV. Figs. 1, 2, Barroisiceras texanum sp. nov.; 3, 4, Barroisiceras hyatti sp. nov.-.--....--.........--....--..--..---.---..---.- 88 XXVI. Fig. 1, Orbicella (?) texana Vaughan; 2, 3, Coral sp............. 90 XXVII. Figs. 1-3, Parasmilia texana Vaughan; 4, 5, Trochosmilia (?) sp. indet.; 6, Orbicella (?) texana Vaughan; 7, 8, Leptophyllia sp. (No. 2); 9-11, Leptophyllia sp. (No. 1) ..;....._... .._____ 92 FIG. 1. Section of Buda limestone, Del Rio clays, and Fort Worth lime­ stone, at Austin, Tex........................................... 13 5 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, Washington, D. C., February 3, 1902. SIR: The accompanying paper by Dr. George B. Shattnck on the Mollusca of the Buda limestone, with an appendix by Mr. T. Way- land Vaughan on the Anthozoa of the same horizon, records all that is known of the fauna of a limited formation constituting the highest member of the Comanche series in Texas. I recommend its publica- /? tion as a bulletin. Yery respectfully, T. W. STANTON, Paleontologist. Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Director United States Geological Survey. THE MOLLUSCA OF THE BUDA LIMESTONE. By GEORGE BURBANK SHATTUCK. PREFATORY NOTE. During the winter of 1893-94 the Johns Hopkins University came into possession of a valuable collection of fossils which Mr. Robert T. Hill, of the United States Geological Survey, had assembled during many years of geologic study in Texas. Among the various faunas represented in this collection the fauna of the Buda limestone--so called because of its typical development at Buda, Tex. presented an interesting problem to the author. Through the courtesy of Hon. C. D. Walcott, Director of the United States- Geological Survey, and Mr. Hill the author was enabled to accompany the latter during a portion of the field season of 1894, in order to collect from the Buda limestone in the vicinity of Austin, Tex. The following contribution, which is the result of a study of the Buda limestone fauna, has been prepared under the supervision of Prof. William B. Clark, to whom, the author here expresses his deep obligation. He also extends his acknowledgments to Dr. T. W. Stanton, of the United States Geological Survey, for many valuable suggestions and for the use of type specimens, and to Hon. C. D. Walcott and Mr. Robert T. Hill, through whose courtesy the author was enabled to undertake this work. The late Prof. Alpheiis Hyatt was consulted regarding the ammonites. Mr. T. Wayland Vaughan, of the United States Geological Survey, has prepared the concluding section on the corals. HISTORICAL REVIEW. The Buda limestone, although possessing considerable thickness (40 to 80 feet) and recording important events which took place at the close of the Lower'Cretaceous, is so concealed beneath younger beds that it remained for a long time unrecognized by the various geologists who worked in Texas. It was not until the year 1889 that Mr. Robert T. Hill described it and designated it by the name " Vola limestone," so called on account of a large and beautiful Vola which was present in considerable numbers in the formation. 05 In a second article 6 Mr. Hill gave a section in which he assigned a A portion of the geologic story of the Colorado River of Texas: Am. Geologist, May, 1889, p. 8. bAnnot.checklistof the Cretaceous invertebrate fossilsof Texas: Bull. Qeol'. Surv. Texas, No.4, pi xlv. 9 10 MOLLUSCA OF THE BUD A LIMESTONE. [NO. 205. the Vola limestone this time referring to it as the " Shoal Creek limestone," because of its typical exposure in the limestone bluffs along Shoal Creek at Austin, Tex. to a place at the top of the Washita division of the Comanche series; that is to say, the topmost bed of the Lower Cretaceous, and correlated it with the Ostrea quad- riplicata beds of Denison. In April of the same year Mr. Hill expressed the opinion a that the Buda limestone here speaking of it as the Vola or red chalk limestone, because of the red blotches found in it
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