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Evaluation of Programmatic Approaches in the GEF

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Evaluation of Programmatic Approaches in the GEF Evaluation of Programmatic Approaches in the GEF JANUARY 2018 VOLUME 2: TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS Evaluation of Programmatic Approaches in the GEF Volume 2: Technical Documents January 2018 Contents Acronyms ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Technical Document 1: GEF Programs and Beyond: A Comparative Analysis .............................................. 4 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.2 History and Evolution of Programs ..................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Evolution of GEF Programs ................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 Analysis and Results ........................................................................................................................... 9 Technical Document 2: Geospatial Impact Analysis of Programmatic ProJect Implementations in the GEF ................................................................................................................................................... 19 2.1 BacKground and ObJective ............................................................................................................... 20 2.2 Summary of Findings ........................................................................................................................ 20 2.3 Overview of Hypotheses .................................................................................................................. 26 Appendix 2A: Definitions and Frame of Analysis .................................................................................... 31 Appendix 2B: Methods ........................................................................................................................... 35 Appendix 2C: Geocoding International Aid ............................................................................................ 39 Technical Document 3: Global Online Survey ............................................................................................ 40 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 41 3.2 Classification of Survey Respondents ............................................................................................... 41 3.3. Involvement in GEF Programmatic Approaches .............................................................................. 42 3.4 Main Incentives and Disincentives to Be Part of a Program ............................................................. 44 3.5 Program Design and Approval .......................................................................................................... 46 3.6 Program-ProJect Alignment .............................................................................................................. 46 3.7 Coordination ..................................................................................................................................... 47 3.8 Program Financing ............................................................................................................................ 49 3.9 Knowledge Sharing and M&E ........................................................................................................... 49 3.10 Program-Level Results .................................................................................................................... 51 3.11 Final Thoughts from Survey Respondents on GEF Programs ......................................................... 52 Technical Document 4: Program Case Studies ........................................................................................... 53 4.1 Case Study: PRC-GEF Partnership on Land Degradation in Dryland Ecosystems, China .................. 54 Appendix 4.1A: Data and indicators collected during the field mission ................................................. 69 4.2 Case Study: India GEF Coastal and Marine Program ........................................................................ 70 4.3 Case Study: MENA-Desert Ecosystems and Livelihoods Program .................................................... 89 4.4. Case Study: Rapid Impact Evaluation—Reducing Industry’s Carbon Footprint in Southeast Asia Program ....................................................................................................................... 106 Appendix 4.4A: Rapid Impact Evaluation ............................................................................................. 117 Appendix 4.4B: Expert Panel Composition ........................................................................................... 118 Appendix 4.4C: Program Expert Panel Assessments – Disaggregated ................................................. 120 References ................................................................................................................................................ 121 1 Acronyms ADB Asian Development Bank ASIMA Solidarity-based Integrated Agriculture in Morocco BELP Badia Ecosystem and Livelihood Project CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CEO Chief Executive Officer CPF Country Programming FrameworK CPMO Central Program Management Office DELP Desert Ecosystems and Livelihoods Program EGREE East Godavari River Estuarine Ecosystem EnMS Energy Management Systems ESP Environment Support Program FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GEF Global Environment Facility GEB Global Environmental Benefit GoMBR Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve GHG greenhouse gas ICR implementation completion report IGCMP India Biodiversity: GEF Coastal and Marine Program IEM integrated environmental management IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development M&E monitoring and evaluation MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer MoF Ministry of Finance MPP multiproJect program MTR midterm review NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NGO nongovernmental organization NNR National Nature Reserves NPSC National Program Steering Committee NSC National Steering Committee OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OSS Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel PBA program-based approach PFD program frameworK document PIR proJect implementation review PMU Program Management Unit PPCR Pilot Program on Climate Resilience PRC The People’s Republic of China PSRP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper RBM results-based management 2 RIE rapid impact evaluation RSCN Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature SFA State Forestry Administration SPSC State ProJect Steering Committee SIF strategic investment fund SIP sector investment program SLM sustainable land management STAR System for Transparent Allocation of Resources SWAp sector-wide approach TTL tasK team leader UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification UNDP United Nations Development Programme Notes GEF replenishment periods GEF-1 1995 –1998 GEF-2 1999–2002 GEF-3 2003–2006 GEF-4 2006–2010 GEF-5 2010–2014 GEF-6 2014–2018 All monetary amounts are US$ unless otherwise indicated. 3 Technical Document 1: GEF Programs and Beyond: A Comparative Analysis 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.2 History and Evolution of Programs ..................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Evolution of GEF Programs ................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 Analysis and Results ........................................................................................................................... 9 4 1.1 Introduction The purpose of this study is to discuss the different conceptual notions related to “programmatic approaches.” As noted by stakeholders during the development of the approach paper for the “Evaluation of Programmatic Approaches in the GEF,” the conceptual framework for programs in the Global Environment Facility (GEF) appears unique. In particular, it was noted that the usual Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) definition of “program” may not be applicable to the work of GEF, suggesting it would be appropriate to compare the differences between conceptual frameworks and practices. An initial survey of the different approaches to programs was undertaKen during the internal Review of Programmatic Approaches conducted by the GEF Secretariat in 2012 (GEF Secretariat 2012). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to delve deeper into the different ways in which programs are conceived, designed, and implemented in the GEF as well as in the broader development context, in order to draw lessons that may be applicable to the GEF in future years. This will help understand how different aspects and modalities of programs being implemented in the broader development context may help achieve a higher impact within the scope of worK of GEF. The study reviewed the available documentation on programs both from the GEF and from the broader development cooperation sector. The analysis was conducted by comparing the different programmatic approaches (in this study, the term program, programmatic approach,
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