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Specifically Aligned with Magicus Or Any Other Taxon, but Requires Recognition As a Distinct Species. NICOBAR SCOPS OWL Otus

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Specifically Aligned with Magicus Or Any Other Taxon, but Requires Recognition As a Distinct Species. NICOBAR SCOPS OWL Otus P.C. Rasmussen 743 Eui!.8.O.C.1998118{31 specificallyaligned with magicusor any other taxon, but requires recognitionas a distinct species. NICOBAR SCOPS OWL Otus alius, sp. nov. Holotype. Bombay Natural History Society No. 22578, adult male (see Plate 3, upper left) from Campbell Bay, Great Nicobar Island, 7'00'N, 93'50'E, India; collected 3 March 1966 by Humayun Abdulali. Diagnosis. A medium-sized Otus with predominantly warm brown, mostly unstreaked and finely barred plumage; ear tufts evenly and finely barred, rounded, and of medium length; facial disk indistinctly paler than rest of plumage, lightly barred at its lower edge; dark border to facial disk not prominent; bill medium-sized and mostly brownish; white scapular spots rounded, nearly restricted to outer web, with broad black tips; most distal portion and much of rear edge of tarsus bare; toes and claws relatively large. Otus alius is closest in morphology to some members of the manadensissuperspecies of Marshall (1978), from all of which it differs in possessingscapular spots that are bordered above and below by broad black bands, giving a rounded shape to the white centres. It differs additionally from adults of all Asian taxa in possessing a combination of finely barred overall plumage, entirely lacking streaks above, and having a marked reduction of ventral streaking, over which the heavy tricoloured barring predominates; and in having relatively large claws. Although sample size is insu{ficient for statistical testing, its wing formula differs from all taxa Marshall (1978) placed in magicus (but not O. enganensisor O. umbra) in that P3 (from outermost) is longer, while the inner secondariesare shorter (Table 1), and like the latter two only, the bill is mostly brownish. Additional differences are given in the 'Remarks' section. Distribution. Both specimens were collected near sea level at Campbell Bay, Great Nicobar Island. There are no other published reports of Scops-owlsfrom Great Nicobar. Description of the holotype. Capitalized colours are from Smithe (1975); colour comparisons were made under weak fluorescent light, with diffused sunlight from an open window. Sides of forehead above supercilium finely barred Cinnamon (39), whitish, and Burnt Umber (22); t:ase of central crown feathers Clay Color (26), central streaksFuscous (21); baseof poorly-marked whitish supercilium featherspaler than Cinnamon, with narrow, widely-spaced Burnt lJmber bars; base of ear tufts Cinnamon, narrowly barred Dark Grayish Brown (20); ear tufts rather short, prominent, with broad feather tips; bases of facial feathers at sides of bill more rufescent than Cream Color (54); basesof rictal bristles Buff-Yellow (53), at least tips blackish; short feathers below and in front of eye vaguely dark-barred with pale Cream Color bases; facial disk behind eye Cinnamon with whitish shafts and dusky mottling, rear and lower portion whitish with fine Dark Grayish Brown barring and mottling, narrow, indistinct disk rim Dark Grayish Brown on lower and rear edges; only_ slight extensions to rear auriculars despite fresh plumage; chin feathers P. C. Rasmussen 1,44 Bull. B.O.C. 19981 18(3) coloured as feathers at bill sides; throat pale buff with fine dark barring near tips of longer chin feathers.Rest of crown, nape, and.hindnecklike centrai crown, lut with streaking becoming obsolete and narrow dark bars prominent on rear crown. Mantle through lower back close to Raw umber Q3) in aspect, dark bars ca. 2 mm 'iide, slightly paler than Fuscous, light bars ca. 1.7 mm wide, mostly Cinnamon bul paler near bases.Scapular.spots rounded, mainiy whiie encircled by Dirk Grayish B^rown (blackish) bands, and surroundingbase colour Amber (36),with_ fine Burnt Umber markings, scapulars ii.rnu-o.t near bases. Tertials have broad (ca. 4.1 mm) indistinct bands between Fuscous and Olive-Brown (28) and narrow (ca. 1.3 mm) smoke Gray (45) bands;-largestfeathers of alula with bars ii. Z.Smm, Cinnamon and paler, medium bars ca' 4 '0 mm and stippled darker, ruiro* dark bars Fuscous; outer primaTy (11).has .lightest u""a. ,hgt tly paler than cinnamon, medium bands slightly paler than Otirr.-nr6-.r, and darkest bands Fuscous; li_ght band^spaler on inner primaries. Uppertail coverts closestto Raw Umber (23), with fine dark tar. of Burni ijmber giving vermiculated aspect, uppertail surface with palest ba.rds of Cinnimon, medium bands lnely speckled.with dark, banding pattern gi,rirrg olive-Brown aspect, -darkest bars Fuscous; fairly strong on uppersides'Citrnu'''o.t of rectrices. Upp". b?east with ca. 1.5mm distinct Fuscous bars dirtaliy, ca. 1.2 mm Fuscous shaft streaks; lower breast Cinnamon with .rurro*'bu6 between olive-Brown and Fuscous, on breast sides shaft streaks ere Fuscous, a few as wide as 2.2mlr'rr,some bars slightlV laler than cinnamon; centre of belly with more white, whitetands ca. 4 mm broad, Cinnamon bands ca. 3 *m, blackish bars ca' 0'7 mm, narrow *f,ii"' shaft streaks; tips of bars on lower flanks deteriorate into vermiculations, otherwi;e they are broad cinnamon bands with narrow whit" urrd fine'blackish bars. Undertail coverts rufescent whitish for nlo.t of their length but with tips barred as is belly, although. rufous tui. u." closer tJgether. Tarsal- feathers mostly. Cinnamon ."ith fine Frr*o.r. bars; bare"patch on upper hind tarsus' *t+ u narrow bare strip along the upper third, featheiing meeting^ventrallyon medial.section; a.tr"ttv, f"ath"ting ends 8.6 mm short of joint formed by phalanges 1-2- of third digit. Dried cere d"ull yellowish-brown; maxilla ti.n a_n{_distal half cutting edge blackish-brown, most of sides-of maxilla dull yellowish-brown, 6;;; ";a culmen ridge paler and yellower; mandible dull yellow with ..ttti.tg edge and basledark brown. Dried toes dark yellowish-brown, "fu*r--otTty dusky horn, black distally-,gr-a{i1s.1ea1.!as99 to paler vellowish-biown.Narrow ring of bareorbital skin blackish.No dataon ,oft patt colours of fresh specimensor ljving birds'. Discription of the paratyie. The female paratype is similar overall to the holoiype, Lut is sligLily larger, more boldly rnarked, with more *hit" on io*e, ,nde.pait.. trurk t ands on forehead broader, facial disk slightly darker and more heavily,marked behind eye,; longest throat fea"theiswith coarser and more *id"ly spaced blackish barrings; mantle more ,rroi" "our..ly barred, with larger, whiter _spotsbasally;.alula contrasting; upper breast more sirongly marked and lower breast more P. C . Rcsmussen I +] Bull.B.O.C. 1998 118(3) a.l (\ a.l c.l (\ (\ c.l c{ a! (\ i c..t a.l (\ (\ (\ c! c.l (.t * 3 - ..t "? 9 "? \ q t .? q oq "? \ 09 oc e t - q 09 \ \.? cl c? * O O O ..1 + c. * O O O - 3 N c..l d c. + * O c> O F a9 ++l+1#1JJ1 +# + 1j++t ++r fl+ +tl1+t 11 ++11 q.locclnq\Iq-1 nq- =q-q cln1q.?.1 \ ri .. \O \O .i e. oo c. .. O O \O .+ N O r. "t + t.. o|\ N N * €.* a.l rr a..l La) ca rr -< N ca Ca F F< (\ .1-1 (l) ,i bo ||d 'O cn + + * L4 r.) € O i Fr c.l O O, O. OO t- r/) .{_ N !- r4 .! c.l rn a.l C\ c! a.l (.l N (\ c\ c! N C\ Fr F! N a'l (..r a\ a.l (..l C-l €o .-ioi .r FJJdr.ld..i+ +.d+.doic.i'dd{FJ.toid i O O O ..) \O st C..l -. O i i (\ (\ N .. .. .\ ri O O O Fi ri 5 F +11+1lrl+l1 +r1r+ #+r+i11+++++11 fl+1# L. 61 3\O + + ti oo F-i O6OO.i ooO r.O.c.+ + c.) d c-) F- \!) O \O \O r< a\ O i \O ra a.l O. Lr) ca I.. 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