DOCSLIB.ORG

Adhesive Demersal Eggs Spawned by Two Southern Australianporcupine

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Adhesive Demersal Eggs Spawned by Two Southern Australianporcupine Aquacult. Sci. 63（3），357－359（2015） Short Paper dealer and maintained in a closed circulating-filtering Adhesive demersal eggs spawned by exhibition aquarium with a coral sand or pebble two southern Australian bottom. porcupine puffers In all cases, spawning was preceded by the abdomen of the female becoming swollen several days prior, whereupon the male commenced chasing the female or 1 2 Hiroyuki DOI , Takayuki SONOYAMA , nestling close to the latter on the bottom until spawn- 2 2 3,＊ Yuko YAMANOUCHI , Kenta TAMAI , Harumi SAKAI ing. Following spawning, even if spawning behavior had 2 and Toshiaki ISHIBASHI not been observed, the abdomen of the female became shrunken. There was no case in which more than one species spawned at the same time. Among the eight Abstract: Eggs spawned in the Shimonoseki Marine species, the eggs of Ch. antennatus and Ch. reticulatus Science Museum Aquarium by eight species of Diodon- were unfertilized. Fertilized eggs of the other species tidae (Allomycterus pilatus, Chilomycterus antennatus, were reared and their specific identity re-established. Ch. reticulatus, Ch. schoepfii, Cyclichthys orbicularis, Spawning and development of Cy. orbicularis and Diodon hystrix, D. holocanthus and D. nicthemerus), spawning of Ch. schoepfii Ch. antillarum (hybridiza- representing four genera, were mostly pelagic, only A. × pilatus and D. nicthemerus spawning adhesive demersal tion) have already been documented (Doi et al. 2015a, eggs. The adaptive implications of such demersal eggs 2015b), and rearing of Cy. orbicularis, A. pilatus and D. require comparative studies on diodontid spawning nicthemerus briefly noted in Japanese (Shimonoseki ecology. Marine Science Museum 2006a, 2006b, 2010). All of the spawned eggs were spherical, the hatched Key words: Porcupine puffer; Spawning; Adhesive larvae from fertilized eggs all being covered by a demersal egg; Pelagic egg “vesicular dermal sac” or “pliable shell” on their head and trunk (Fig. 1). However, eggs from six species, including those which were unfertilized, were pelagic, only A. pilatus and D. nicthemerus spawning adhesive demersal eggs (Fig. 1A, 1C). In the case of D. hystrix, Porcupine puffers of the family Diodontidae include although Wolfsheimer (1957) attributed unfertilized seven genera, 17 species and two subspecies (Leis demersal eggs to that species, the present study clearly 2006; Froese and Pauly 2014). Reports to date on dio- demonstrated that it spawns pelagic eggs, thereby dontid life history have indicated that isolated spherical upholding doubts raised by Leis (1978) and Sakamoto pelagic eggs are spawned, the head and trunk of larvae and Suzuki (1978). The two latter reports also provided being covered by a “vesicular dermal sac” or “pliable evidence against the spawning of demersal eggs by D. shell” (Leis 1978; Sakamoto and Suzuki 1978; Fujita and holocanthus, contrary to the expectations of Nishimura Matsuura 2014). (1960) and Fujita (1962). Accordingly, the present In recent years, eight species of Diodontidae, study recognizes only A. pilatus and D. nicthemerus, representing four genera, have spawned in the amongst the diodontid species for which the eggs are Shimonoseki Marine Science Museum Aquarium: known, as spawning adhesive demersal eggs. Allomycterus pilatus, Chilomycterus antennatus, Ch. Among eight tetraodontiform families, Diodontidae, reticulatus, Ch. schoepfii, Cyclichthys orbicularis, Balistidae, Monacanthidae and Tetraodontidae spawn Diodon holocanthus, D. hystrix and D. nicthemerus, adhesive demersal eggs, and Molidae, Ostraciidae under presence of zero to two other diodontids in the and Triacanthidae spawn pelagic eggs (Fujita and same aquarium including Ch. antillarum and D. lituro- Matsuura 2014). Egg conditions are unknown for sus (Table 1). In each case, wild-caught individuals from Triacanthodidae and Triodontidae. Moreover, Molidae an unknown locality had been purchased from a fish and Ostraciidae share “vesicular dermal sac” or “pliable Received 18 February 2015; Accepted 7 July 2015. 1 Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan, 1-1-10 Kaigandori, Minato-ku, Osaka 552-0022, Japan. 2 Shimonoseki Marine Science Museum “Kaikyoukan”, Shimonoseki Academy of Marine Science, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-0036, Japan. 3 Department of Applied Aquabiology, National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 759-6595, Japan. ＊ Corresponding author: Tel, (+81) 286-5111; Fax, (+81) 286-7435; Email, [email protected] (H. Sakai). 358 H. Doi, T. Sonoyama, Y. Yamanouchi, K. Tamai, H. Sakai and T. Ishibashi shell” characteristics of the head and trunk of larvae eggs, are therefore rare among the three families in with Diodontidae (Leis 1978; Sakamoto and Suzuki sharing the same larval characteristics. 1978; Fujita and Matsuura 2014). Allomycterus pilatus Among pleuronectiform flatfishes, most species and D. nicthemerus, which spawn adhesive demersal of which spawn epipelagic eggs, six species from Table 1. Spawning data for eight porcupine puffers of the genera Allomycterus, Chilomycterus, Cyclichthys and Diodon, spawned in the Shimonoseki Marine Science Museum Aquarium A. pilatus Ch. antennatus Ch. reticulatus Ch. schoepfii Cy. orbicularis D. holocanthus D. hystrix D. nicthemerus Establishment date Jun. 2002 Mar. 2004 Dec. 2012 Apr. 2006 Aug. 2001 Feb. 2003 Dec. 2003 May 2006 Spawning date Dec. 2003, Jan. 2004 Apr. 2008 May 2013 May 2008 Jun. 2004 May 2004 Jul. 2005 Oct. 2007 Aquarium size (m3) 3.4 1.1 4.2 1.1 1.1 9.8 16.2 3.4 Salinity (‰)34-35 34-35 34-35 34-35 34-35 34-35 34-35 34-35 Water temperature (℃)1823252325232618 Light/dark (hours) 12/12 11/13 11/13 11/13 12/12 12/12 10/14 12/12 fluorescent lamp fluorescent lamp fluorescent lamp fluorescent lamp fluorescent lamp mercury lamp mercury lamp fluorescent lamp Lightning equipment 40 W×2 40 W×2 40 W×2 40 W×2 40 W×2 250 W×1 250 W×2 40 W×2 Water surface illuminance (lx) 1000 900 540 900 900 1000 5000 1000 Round no. spawned eggs 3000 3000 100000 5000 1000 2000 100000 1500 Egg type adhesive demersal isolated epipelagic isolated epipelagic isolated epipelagic isolated epipelagic isolated epipelagic isolated epipelagic adhesive demersal Fertilized or not fertilized unfertilized unfertilized fertilized＊ fertilized fertilized fertilized fertilized Egg diameter (mm)＊＊ 1.76±0.16 (n=23) not measured 2.18 (n=1) not measured 2.24±0.08 (n=181) 2.12±0.11 (n=21) 1.90±0.05 (n=20) 1.99±0.04 (n=12) Larval total length (mm)＊＊ 3.47±0.13 (n=23) －－－3.53±0.09 (n=48) 2.51±0.39 (n=16) 3.00±0.07 (n=20) 3.98±0.27 (n=3) Other porcupines kept Ch. antillarum D. holocanthus Ch. antennatus Ch. antennatus Ch. reticulates D. nicthemerus absent absent in the same aquarium Ch. schoepfii D. hystrix Ch. antillarum Ch. antillarum D. liturosus southern Australia western North Distribution＊＊＊ Tasman Sea central West Atlantic circumtropical Indo-West Pacific circumtropical circumtropical southern Australia Atlantic New Zealand＊＊＊＊ ＊: Fertilized by a male Ch. antillarum (Doi et al. 2015b) ＊＊: Measured by a micrometer attached to a microscope ＊＊＊: According to Leis (2006) and Froese and Pauly (2014) ＊＊＊＊: Leis (2006) suggested a possibility that fish from New Zealand is a different species A B CD Fig. 1. Adhesive demersal eggs of Allomycterus pilatus, 1.76 mm mean diameter (A), line drawing of hatched Allomycterus pilatus larva, 3.47 mm mean total length (B), adhesive demersal eggs of Diodon nicthemerus on pebble/sand substrate (red ellipse), 1.99 mm mean diameter (C), hatched Diodon nicthemerus larva, 3.98 mm mean total length (D). Head and trunk of both larvae covered with a “vesicular dermal sac” or “pliable shell”. Bars indicate 1 mm. Adhesive demersal eggs of porcupine puffers 359 relatively higher latitudes, representing four genera, References are known to spawn demersal eggs in shallow coastal Do i, H., T. Ishibashi and H. Sakai (2015a) Spawning and rearing of a porcupine puffer Cyclichthys orbicularis (Diodontidae, areas (Minami 1984). Pearcy (1963) suggested that Tetraodontiformes) in captivity. Aquacult. Sci., 63, 207-212. demersal flatfish eggs were an ecological adaptation Doi, H., Y. Zenke, H. Takahashi, H. Sakai and T. Ishibashi (2015b) acting to prevent dispersal by rapid coastal currents. Hybridization of burrfish (Chilomycterus spp.) in captivity revealed by AFLP and mtDNA sequence analyses. Ichthyol. However, ecological aspects of A. pilatus and D. nicthe- Res., 62, DOI 10.1007/s10228-015-0460-0. merus spawning sites are unknown. Froese, R. and D. Pauly (2014) FishBase, version 02/2014. Leis et al. (2013) discussed the trend within fami- http://www.fihbase.org, accessed 14 December 2014. Fujita, S. (1962) Lifecycle and aquaculture of main puffer fishes in lies in which species living at higher latitudes were Japan. Bull. Nagasaki Pref. Fish. Res. St., 2, 1-121, pls. 1-40 more likely to spawn demersal eggs with shorter (in Japanese). Fujita, S. and K. Matsuura (2014) Diodontidae. In “An Atlas pelagic larval duration and shorter dispersal dis- of Early Stage Fishes in Japan, 2nd edition” (ed. by M. tance. Allomycterus pilatus is distributed from south- Okiyama), Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 1532-1534 (in ern Australia to New Zealand, and D. nicthemerus is Japanese). Leis, J. M. (1978) Systematics and zoogeography of the porcu- restricted to southern Australia (Leis 2006), being pinefishes (Diodon, Diodontidae, Tetraodontiformes), with relatively constrained compared to other diodontid comments on eggs and larval development. Fish. Bull., 76, 535-567. species distributed in lower latitudes and with wider Leis, J. M. (2006) Nomenclature and distribution of the species ranges (Table 1), the juveniles and young of which are of the porcupinefish family Diodontidae (Pisces, Teleostei). known to migrate to open pelagic waters (Nishimura Mem. Mus. Victoria, 63, 77-90. Leis, J. M., J. E. Caselle, I. R. Bradbery, T. Kristiansen, J. K. 1960; Fujita 1962; Leis 1978; Sakamoto and Suzuki 1978; Llopiz, M. J. Miller, M. I. O’Conner, C. B. Paris, A. L. Shanks, Fujita and Matsuura 2014). However, larval duration in S. M. Sogard, S. E. Swearer, E. A. Treml, R.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School November 2017 Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E. Hepner University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Hepner, Megan E., "Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7408 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary by Megan E. Hepner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Marine Science with a concentration in Marine Resource Assessment College of Marine Science University of South Florida Major Professor: Frank Muller-Karger, Ph.D. Christopher Stallings, Ph.D. Steve Gittings, Ph.D. Date of Approval: October 31st, 2017 Keywords: Species richness, biodiversity, functional diversity, species traits Copyright © 2017, Megan E. Hepner ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to my major advisor, Dr. Frank Muller-Karger, who provided opportunities for me to strengthen my skills as a researcher on research cruises, dive surveys, and in the laboratory, and as a communicator through oral and presentations at conferences, and for encouraging my participation as a full team member in various meetings of the Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON) and other science meetings.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of the Order Tetraodontiformes on Coral Reef Habitats in Southeast Florida
    Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks HCNSO Student Capstones HCNSO Student Work 4-28-2020 A Survey of the Order Tetraodontiformes on Coral Reef Habitats in Southeast Florida Anne C. Sevon Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] This document is a product of extensive research conducted at the Nova Southeastern University . For more information on research and degree programs at the NSU , please click here. Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_stucap Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Share Feedback About This Item NSUWorks Citation Anne C. Sevon. 2020. A Survey of the Order Tetraodontiformes on Coral Reef Habitats in Southeast Florida. Capstone. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, . (350) https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_stucap/350. This Capstone is brought to you by the HCNSO Student Work at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in HCNSO Student Capstones by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Capstone of Anne C. Sevon Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science M.S. Marine Environmental Sciences M.S. Coastal Zone Management Nova Southeastern University Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography April 2020 Approved: Capstone Committee Major Professor: Dr. Kirk Kilfoyle Committee Member: Dr. Bernhard Riegl This capstone is available at NSUWorks: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_stucap/350 HALMOS
    [Show full text]
  • © Iccat, 2007
    A5 By-catch Species APPENDIX 5: BY-CATCH SPECIES A.5 By-catch species By-catch is the unintentional/incidental capture of non-target species during fishing operations. Different types of fisheries have different types and levels of by-catch, depending on the gear used, the time, area and depth fished, etc. Article IV of the Convention states: "the Commission shall be responsible for the study of the population of tuna and tuna-like fishes (the Scombriformes with the exception of Trichiuridae and Gempylidae and the genus Scomber) and such other species of fishes exploited in tuna fishing in the Convention area as are not under investigation by another international fishery organization". The following is a list of by-catch species recorded as being ever caught by any major tuna fishery in the Atlantic/Mediterranean. Note that the lists are qualitative and are not indicative of quantity or mortality. Thus, the presence of a species in the lists does not imply that it is caught in significant quantities, or that individuals that are caught necessarily die. Skates and rays Scientific names Common name Code LL GILL PS BB HARP TRAP OTHER Dasyatis centroura Roughtail stingray RDC X Dasyatis violacea Pelagic stingray PLS X X X X Manta birostris Manta ray RMB X X X Mobula hypostoma RMH X Mobula lucasana X Mobula mobular Devil ray RMM X X X X X Myliobatis aquila Common eagle ray MYL X X Pteuromylaeus bovinus Bull ray MPO X X Raja fullonica Shagreen ray RJF X Raja straeleni Spotted skate RFL X Rhinoptera spp Cownose ray X Torpedo nobiliana Torpedo
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of Terengganu East Coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia Ii Iii
    i Fishes of Terengganu East coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia ii iii Edited by Mizuki Matsunuma, Hiroyuki Motomura, Keiichi Matsuura, Noor Azhar M. Shazili and Mohd Azmi Ambak Photographed by Masatoshi Meguro and Mizuki Matsunuma iv Copy Right © 2011 by the National Museum of Nature and Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and Kagoshima University Museum All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the publisher. Copyrights of the specimen photographs are held by the Kagoshima Uni- versity Museum. For bibliographic purposes this book should be cited as follows: Matsunuma, M., H. Motomura, K. Matsuura, N. A. M. Shazili and M. A. Ambak (eds.). 2011 (Nov.). Fishes of Terengganu – east coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia. National Museum of Nature and Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and Kagoshima University Museum, ix + 251 pages. ISBN 978-4-87803-036-9 Corresponding editor: Hiroyuki Motomura (e-mail: [email protected]) v Preface Tropical seas in Southeast Asian countries are well known for their rich fish diversity found in various environments such as beautiful coral reefs, mud flats, sandy beaches, mangroves, and estuaries around river mouths. The South China Sea is a major water body containing a large and diverse fish fauna. However, many areas of the South China Sea, particularly in Malaysia and Vietnam, have been poorly studied in terms of fish taxonomy and diversity. Local fish scientists and students have frequently faced difficulty when try- ing to identify fishes in their home countries. During the International Training Program of the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (ITP of JSPS), two graduate students of Kagoshima University, Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Chilomycterus Antennatus (Bridled Burrfish)
    UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Diversity Chilomycterus antennatus (Bridled Burrfish) Family: Diodontidae (Porcupinefish) Order: Tetraodontiformes (Pufferfish, Triggerfish and Boxfish) Class: Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fish) Fig. 1. Bridled burrfish, Chilomycterus antennatus [http://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/caribbean/en/pages/random/10321, downloaded 26 October 2016] TRAITS. A species of fish with small, black spots and a yellowish-brown body, head and base of tail. On the anterior base of the dorsal fin and in the middle of the back are two or more white-rimmed, large, black spots. The eyes are large with a gold iris surrounded by a ring of black dots, and above each eye is a large projection (Fig. 1). The body is round and has the ability to inflate or expand. There are no pelvic fins; large pectoral fins without spines; nine caudal fin rays; few motionless, short spines covering the body and head. The teeth are fused and the nasal organ is a hollow, short tentacle with two openings. Size usually 15-30cm, but males can grow up to 38cm. Young fish up to 3cm inhabit the water column (Smith, 1997). DISTRIBUTION. Range is the Gulf of Mexico from northwestern Cuba, Florida Keys, south from Cape Canaveral along the U.S. coast, the Bahamas, the Caribbean Sea with the exception of the Cayman Islands. Found on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean (Fig. 2). The bridled burrfish is native to Trinidad and Tobago (Leis et al., 2015). UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Diversity HABITAT AND ECOLOGY.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
    European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences.
    [Show full text]
  • Bioinvasions in the Mediterranean Sea 2 7
    Metamorphoses: Bioinvasions in the Mediterranean Sea 2 7 B. S. Galil and Menachem Goren Abstract Six hundred and eighty alien marine multicellular species have been recorded in the Mediterranean Sea, with many establishing viable populations and dispersing along its coastline. A brief history of bioinvasions research in the Mediterranean Sea is presented. Particular attention is paid to gelatinous invasive species: the temporal and spatial spread of four alien scyphozoans and two alien ctenophores is outlined. We highlight few of the dis- cernible, and sometimes dramatic, physical alterations to habitats associated with invasive aliens in the Mediterranean littoral, as well as food web interactions of alien and native fi sh. The propagule pressure driving the Erythraean invasion is powerful in the establishment and spread of alien species in the eastern and central Mediterranean. The implications of the enlargement of Suez Canal, refl ecting patterns in global trade and economy, are briefl y discussed. Keywords Alien • Vectors • Trends • Propagule pressure • Trophic levels • Jellyfi sh • Mediterranean Sea Brief History of Bioinvasion Research came suddenly with the much publicized plans of the in the Mediterranean Sea Saint- Simonians for a “Canal de jonction des deux mers” at the Isthmus of Suez. Even before the Suez Canal was fully The eminent European marine naturalists of the sixteenth excavated, the French zoologist Léon Vaillant ( 1865 ) argued century – Belon, Rondelet, Salviani, Gesner and Aldrovandi – that the breaching of the isthmus will bring about species recorded solely species native to the Mediterranean Sea, migration and mixing of faunas, and advocated what would though mercantile horizons have already expanded with be considered nowadays a ‘baseline study’.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 2. Animals
    AC20 Doc. 8.5 Annex (English only/Seulement en anglais/Únicamente en inglés) REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE ANALYSIS OF TRADE TRENDS WITH NOTES ON THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF SELECTED SPECIES Volume 2. Animals Prepared for the CITES Animals Committee, CITES Secretariat by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre JANUARY 2004 AC20 Doc. 8.5 – p. 3 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognise the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre’s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. Prepared for: The CITES Secretariat, Geneva A contribution to UNEP - The United Nations Environment Programme Printed by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK © Copyright: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre/CITES Secretariat The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations.
    [Show full text]
  • Hotspots, Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities of Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico Marine Bony Shorefishes
    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Summer 2016 Hotspots, Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities of Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico Marine Bony Shorefishes Christi Linardich Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Biology Commons, Environmental Health and Protection Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Linardich, Christi. "Hotspots, Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities of Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico Marine Bony Shorefishes" (2016). Master of Science (MS), Thesis, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/hydh-jp82 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/13 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HOTSPOTS, EXTINCTION RISK AND CONSERVATION PRIORITIES OF GREATER CARIBBEAN AND GULF OF MEXICO MARINE BONY SHOREFISHES by Christi Linardich B.A. December 2006, Florida Gulf Coast University A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE BIOLOGY OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2016 Approved by: Kent E. Carpenter (Advisor) Beth Polidoro (Member) Holly Gaff (Member) ABSTRACT HOTSPOTS, EXTINCTION RISK AND CONSERVATION PRIORITIES OF GREATER CARIBBEAN AND GULF OF MEXICO MARINE BONY SHOREFISHES Christi Linardich Old Dominion University, 2016 Advisor: Dr. Kent E. Carpenter Understanding the status of species is important for allocation of resources to redress biodiversity loss.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fossil Record of Shell-Breaking Predation on Marine Bivalves and Gastropods
    Chapter 6 The Fossil Record of Shell-Breaking Predation on Marine Bivalves and Gastropods RICHARD R. ALEXANDER and GREGORY P. DIETL I. Introduction 141 2. Durophages of Bivalves and Gastropods 142 3. Trends in Antipredatory Morphology in Space and Time .. 145 4. Predatory and Non-Predatory Sublethal Shell Breakage 155 5. Calculation ofRepair Frequencies and Prey Effectiveness 160 6. Prey Species-, Size-, and Site-Selectivity by Durophages 164 7. Repair Frequencies by Time, Latitude, and Habitat.. 166 8. Concluding Remarks 170 References 170 1. Introduction Any treatment of durophagous (shell-breaking) predation on bivalves and gastropods through geologic time must address the molluscivore's signature preserved in the victim's skeleton. Pre-ingestive breakage or crushing is only one of four methods of molluscivory (Vermeij, 1987; Harper and Skelton, 1993), the others being whole­ organism ingestion, insertion and extraction, and boring. Other authors in this volume treat the last behavior, whereas whole-organism ingestion, and insertion and extraction, however common, are unlikely to leave preservable evidence. Bivalve and gastropod ecologists and paleoecologists reconstruct predator-prey relationships based primarily on two, although not equally useful, categories of pre-ingestive breakage, namely lethal and sublethal (repaired) damage. Peeling crabs may leave incriminating serrated, helical RICHARD R. ALEXANDER • Department of Geological and Marine Sciences, Rider University, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, 08648-3099. GREGORY P. DIETL. Department of Zoology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-7617. Predator-Prey Interactions in the Fossil Record, edited by Patricia H. Kelley, Michal Kowalewski, and Thor A. Hansen. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003. 141 142 Chapter 6 fractures in whorls of high-spired gastropods (Bishop, 1975), but unfortunately most lethal fractures are far less diagnostic of the causal agent and often indistinguishable from abiotically induced, taphonomic agents ofshell degradation.
    [Show full text]
  • Whale & Dolphin Trip Report
    WHALE & DOLPHIN TRIP REPORT Spotted Dolphins bowriding MALDIVES EXPLORER CENTRAL ATOLLS CRUISE April 2018 Chas and Susan Anderson The Whale and Dolphin Company UK (+44)(0)1638-508-464 UK Mobile (+44)(0)78-140-29832 Maldives (+960) 3327024 www.whale-and-dolphin.com [email protected] TROPICAL DOLPHINS AND WHALES MALDIVES EXPLORER M.V. Keana, 1-11 April 2018 A very special marine wildlife cruise down to Thaa Atoll, in the southern central atolls. We enjoyed mostly excellent weather, with calm seas allowing many cetacean sightings, of 11 different species. Dolphins were especially abundant, with hundreds of Spinner, Spotted, Fraser’s, Bottlenose and Risso’s Dolphins recorded. There were also wonderful sightings of Striped Dolphins, Pilot Whales, False Killer Whales, and numerous Dwarf Sperm Whales. But cetacean highlight was our two sightings of what were almost certainly Deraniyagala’a Beaked Whale, a species unknown before 2014. Seabirds were also abundant, with many tropical Terns, and four species of Shearwater. As ever, snorkelling in luxuriously warm water on Maldivian coral reefs was a delight, with literally hundreds of species of colourful reef fishes on show, including great schools of Fusiliers, Parrotfish and others. Stand-out moments included encounters with Hawksbill Turtles, a night snorkel with a Whale Shark, and our dusk snorkel with Nurse Sharks and Stingrays. All this from the comfort of our live-aboard vessel MV Keana, with her friendly and attentive crew. Day 1, Sunday 1 April 2018 and beautifully patterned. They charged in to bowride, and gave an extraordinary display of We all met at the International Airport, and high leaps on either side.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Redescription of Four Species of Hatschekia
    Zootaxa 2110: 1–21 (2009) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2009 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Redescription of four species of Hatschekia (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Hatschekiidae) parasitic on tetraodontiform fishes from Japan DAISUKE UYENO1 & KAZUYA NAGASAWA2 Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan. E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Four species of the genus Hatschekia Poche, 1902 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida; Hatschekiidae) are redescribed based on specimens collected from tetraodontiform fishes captured recently in Japanese waters: female H. iridescens Wilson, 1913 from Diodon liturosus Shaw (representing a new host record), D. hystrix L., and D. holocanthus L.; female Hatschekia legouli Nuñes-Ruivo, 1954 (representing a new parasite record for Japan) from Chilomycterus reticulatus L.; female H. ostracii Yamaguti, 1953 from Ostracion immaculatus Temminck & Schlegel and O. cubicus L.; and both sexes of H. monacanthi Yamaguti, 1939 from Thamnaconus modestus (Günther). Proportions of various parts of the female body and appendages are included as important characters to distinguish morphologically similar species. A key to the 20 species of Hatschekia reported from Japanese waters is also included. Key words: taxonomy, copepods, marine fish, Japanese waters Introduction The genus Hatschekia Poche, 1902 is one of the major copepod genera parasitic on marine teleosts. Jones (1985) revised this genus and recognized 68 species as valid. Since then, a total of 22 new species have been described from the Indo-Pacific region (Pillai 1985; Castro & Baeza 1986; Villalba 1986; Jones & Cabral 1990; Kabata 1991; Ho & Kim 2001).
    [Show full text]