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Making Sense of All the Post Emergent Herbicide Options in Turf

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Making Sense of All the Post Emergent Herbicide Options in Turf Making Sense of All the Post Emergent Herbicide Options in Turf Brian McDonald OSU Horticulture Dec 17, 2013 Turf Herbicides are Like Cereals – more choices than you need. PBI Gordon Has 8 “Trimec’s”! 1. Super Trimec 2. Trimec 1000 3. Trimec 992 4. Trimec – Bentgrass Formula 5. Trimec Classic 6. Trimec LAF – 637 7. Trimec Plus 8. Trimec Southern NuFarm Has Even More Choices! 1. 4-Speed (Pyraflufen + 2,4-D, MCPP, Dicamba) 2. 4-Speed XT (Pyraflufen + 2,4-D, Triclopyr, Dicamba) 3. Cool Power (Ester Triclopyr, MCPA, Dicamba) 4. Escalade 2 (2,4-D, Fluroxypyr, & Dicamba) 5. Horsepower (MCPA, Triclopyr, and Dicamba) 6. Quincept (2,4-D, Drive, & Dicamba) 7. (3) different “Triplet”s (Low odor, Sensitive & SF) 8. Change Up (MCPA, fluroxypyr, dicamba) 9. Elliptical (2,4-D, Fluroxypyr, & Dicamba) 10. Millennium Ultra 2 (2,4-D, Clopyralid, & Dicamba) How do we make sense out of all of these? Overview 1. Making sense of all the Choices a. Review the “standard” 3 – way mixes b. Look at “newer kids” on the block c. Review “alternative” herbicide mixes 2. Review the common weeds and match the herbicides to the weeds. 3. Maximizing weed kill – other factors. 4. Go through a few scenarios. Common Broadleaf Chemicals Chemical Common formulations 2,4-D Amine salt Ester 2,4-DP Amine salt Ester MCPA Amine salt Ester MCPP Amine salt Dicamba Amine salt Triclopyr Amine salt Ester Clopyralid Amine salt Quinclorac Amine salt “New Kids on the Block” Chemical Common formulations Fluroxypyr (Spotlight/Escalade 2) Ester Carfentrazone (Quicksilver/SpeedZone/ PowerZone) Sulfentrazone (in Q4) Pyraflufen (in 4-Speed + 2,4-D, MCPP, Dicamba) Pyraflufen (in 4-Speed XT + 2,4-D, Triclopyr, Dicamba) Penoxulam (Sapphire) Florasulam (Defendor) Tenacity (Mesotrione) – Post/Pre emergent My Classifications 1. “Standard” 3-way Mixes 2. Non 2,4-D 3-way Mixes 3. Safety 3–Way Mixes 4. Specialty 3-Way Mixes “Standard” Mixtures 2,4-D + MCPP + Dicamba Amine formulations: Trimec Classic Mec Amine-D Triplet Low Odor Standard 3-Way Mixes They are all the same thing! lbs of ae per acre at 4 pts/Acre Herbicide Signal Word 2,4-D MCPP Dicamba Mec Amine-D Danger 1.22 0.33 0.11 Trimec 1000 Warning 1.19 0.33 0.11 Trimec 992 Danger 1.19 0.32 0.11 Triplet - Low Odor Danger 1.19 0.32 0.11 Triplet - SelecEve Danger 1.19 0.32 0.11 Triplet SF Danger 1.19 0.32 0.11 Lesco Three-Way Danger 1.19 0.32 0.11 Trimec Classic Danger 0.99 0.27 0.11 Standard 3-Way Mixes “Non 2,4-D Mixes” lbs of ae per acre at 4 pts/ High Rate Acre Signal Word Form. Pts./Acre gal/acre MCPA MCPP Dicamba Trimec Encore Danger DMA Salt 4.00 0.50 1.49 0.32 0.15 Tri-Power Danger DMA Salt 4.10 0.51 1.59 0.31 0.15 If you are banned from using 2,4-D, substitute MCPA. Your weed control will be the same. Standard 3-Way Mixes “Safety Mixes” Low rate of dicamba for tree safety Signal Rate lbs of ae per acre at 4 pts/Acre Herbicide Word Pints/Acre 2,4-D MCPP Dicamba Trimec LAF 637 Danger 3.7 1.52 0.25 0.06 Low rate of 2,4-D for sensitive grass safety (e.g. bentgrass) Trimec - Bentgrass Warning 6 0.53 0.33 0.14 Triplet - SensiEve Danger 4 0.41 0.72 0.18 Standard 3-Way Mixes “Specialty Mix” These both add 2,4-DP, a sister compound of 2,4-D which has no effect on weed control. Doubles the rate of dicamba for vs. standard 3 – way mix, but no MCPP. * Ester High Rate lbs of ae per acre Signal Word Pts./Acre gal/acre 2,4-D 2,4-DP MCPP Dicamba Super Trimec* Warning 3.0 0.4 0.7* 0.4* 0.0 0.2 Getting rid of the MCPP and using an ester formulation lowers the signal word because esters don’t cause irreversible eye damage Triamine Danger 4.0 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.0 2,4-D (or 2,4-DP) + MCPP + Dicamba MCPA + MCPP + Dicamba Amine formulations Good Control: Common Dandelion, False Dandelion, Plantain, Mousear Chickweed Fair Control: Black Medic & Clover Poor Control: Oxalis, English Daisy, Yarrow, Veronica Common Dandelion Good Control with standard 3-Way mixes Common Dandelion Generally easy to control – Rarely requires repeat applications – Fall applications are highly effective • Products: – Mixtures, 2,4-D, (Drive is weak) False Dandelion Good Control with standard 3-Way mixes False Dandelion Surprisingly hard to control – Fall applications are more effective – Repeat treatments necessary – Spring treated weeds tend to recover • Products: – Mixtures with 2,4-D, 2,4-D + Drive. Broadleaf Plantain Good Control with standard 3-Way mixes Broadleaf Plantain Generally easy to control – May require repeat applications – Fall applications are highly effective • Products: – Mixtures, 2,4-D, Drive Mousear Chickweed Good Control with standard 3-Way mixes Mousear Chickweed • Fairly easy to control – May need repeat applications – Timing is flexible • Products: – Most mixtures, MCPP, Dicamba Spotted Spurge Summer annual: Germinates @ 50 ° F Grows thru summer and seeds Dies from frost in fall Good Control with standard 3-Way mixes Spotted Spurge • Post emergence: – All mixtures – Early in season is best – May require repeat applications What about? • Clovers • English Daisy • Veronica • Oxalis (Woodsorrel) • Common Yarrow • And others…… Strategies for improving mixture performance 1. Change components 2. Add components 3. Change formulations Modified 3-way Mixtures Escalade 2 Super Trimec 2,4-D* 2,4-D** Fluroxypyr** Dichlorprop** Dicamba Dicamba Chaser Ultra 2 Cool Power MCPA** MCPA** * Amines Fluroxypyr** Triclopyr** ** Esters Dichlorprop* Dicamba Add/Change Components Speedzone Powerzone 2,4-D** MCPA** MCPP*** MCPP*** Dicamba*** Dicamba*** * Amine Carfentrazone Carfentrazone ** Ester *** Acid Q 4 Plus Surge 2,4-D* 2,4-D* Quinclorac MCPP* Dicamba* Dicamba* Sulfentrazone Sulfentrazone New Components Carfentrazone & Sulfentrazone: Family: aryl triazolinone Impact: Faster weed response in cool weather Increased spectrum of weed control Pyraflufen is also in this class White Clover Fair Control – repeat applications needed Clovers Easy to injure, hard to kill – Fall applications are more effective – Repeat treatments necessary – Spring treated weeds tend to recover • Products: – Mixtures with Drive, Triclopyr, Clopyralid, or Fluroxypyr English Daisy Poor Control English Daisy Hard to kill – Fall applications are more effective – Repeat treatments improve kill – Spring treatments tend to recover • Products: – Mixtures with Drive, and SpeedZone + Drive + Dicamba, Penoxulam. OSU 2004 English Daisy Control Trial* Rate Control Treatments pts/acre Apps. 10 wks. Speedzone 5 2 100 + Drive 1 lb/acre + Dicamba 0.7 Drive 75 DF + MSO 1 lb/acre 2 99.9 Mec amine D 4 2 99.3 Surge 4 1 85 Speedzone 4 1 78.5 Untreated 0 0 0 *Trial conducted by Brian McDonald Untreated Drive Speedzone Mecamine D 4 weeks after trt. Speedzone + Drive + Dicamba: 4 wks New Herbicides Fluroxypyr • Alone: No longer available. • Mixtures: Escalade 2 Chaser 2 ultra OSU 2005 Broadleaf Weed Control Trial* Single spray weed control at 4 weeks after treatment False Com W Heal- Treatment D. D. Clover all Spotlight 67.3 77.8 100 56.4 2,4-D amine. 92 96.3 12.9 13.2 Spotlight + 2,4-D am. 98.1 96.8 81.1 84 Spotlight + Triplet 99.8 99.1 89.2 88.7 Escalade Low Odor 95.7 96.3 33.3 46.2 Untreated 0 0 0 0 *Conducted by Brian McDonald OSU 2005 Broadleaf Weed Control Trial* Single spray weed control at 12 weeks after treatment False Com W Heal- Treatment D. D. Clover all Spotlight 94 65.2 100 75.7 2,4-D amine 94.8 94.4 94.1 31.6 Spotlight + 2,4-D am. 98.6 97.9 100 96 Spotlight + Triplet 99.8 96.3 100 100 Escalade Low Odor 99.6 92.3 100 99.8 Untreated 0 0 0 0 *Conducted by Brian McDonald New Herbicides Fluroxypyr • Alone: No longer available. • Mixtures: Escalade 2 Chaser 2 ultra Veronica filiformis OSU 2006 Veronica filiformis trial* 9 weeks after treatment % Treatment pts/acre Apps Control Spotlight + 2,4-D 2 + 1 2 99.4 Spotlight 2.5 2 98.9 Drive 75 DF + MSO 1 lb/acre 2 98.8 Spotlight + 2,4-D 1 + 2 2 97.9 Escalade 2 3 2 94.9 Confront 2 2 56.7 Untreated na 0 32.4 * Conducted by Brian McDonald Wood Sorrel Poor Control with 3-Way Mix – need Triclopyr Woodsorrel, Oxalis corniculata Common yarrow Poor Control with 3-Way Mix – need Triclopyr Black Medic, Medicago Lupulina Black Medic Not difficult to kill - Treat in spring - Treat before or at early flower • Products: – Mixtures with Triclopyr, Drive Clopyralid, or Fluroxypyr. Lawn violets, Viola sp. Lawn Violets • Generally difficult to control – Requires repeat applications – Fall applications are more effective • Products: – Mixtures with Triclopyr are most effective Ground Ivy, Glechoma hederacea Ground Ivy • Timing: – Fall ( Oct 1- Nov 1) • Chemicals: – Strong Triclopyr, 2,4-D, Fluroxypyr, Mixtures – Weak Dicamba, Clopyralid, Quinclorac Quiz Chemicals that do a good job controlling: Clover and Black medic Answer Clover & Black Medic Control Carfentrazone, Drive, fluroxypyr, and clopyralid Quiz Chemicals that do a good job controlling: Veronica Answer Veronica Control Drive, Fluroxypyr Quiz Chemicals that do a good job controlling: English Daisy Answer: English Daisy Drive, Q4 Plus, Speedzone + Drive + Dicamba, Penoxulam. (Control may be variable based on biotype.) Quiz A chemical that does a good job controlling: Oxalis,Yarrow, Lawn violets, & Ground Ivy Answer: Oxalis,Yarrow, Lawn violets, & Ground Ivy Triclopyr 2,4-D (or 2,4-DP) + MCPP + Dicamba MCPA + MCPP + Dicamba Amine formulations Good Control: Common Dandelion, False Dandelion, Plantain, Mousear Chickweed Fair Control: Black Medic & Clover, Poor Control: Oxalis, English Daisy, Yarrow, Veronica Overview 1.
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