Sediment-Water Coupling in Permeable Shallow Water Sediments with Special Emphasis on Carbonate Sands and the Cycling of Coral Exudates in Reef Environments
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Guide to Some Harvested Aquarium Corals Version 1.3
Guide to some harvested aquarium corals Version 1.3 ( )1 Large septal Guide to some harvested aquarium teeth corals Version 1.3 Septa Authors Morgan Pratchett & Russell Kelley, May 2020 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies Septa James Cook University Townsville, Queensland 4811 Australia Contents • Overview in life… p3 • Overview of skeletons… p4 • Cynarina lacrymalis p5 • Acanthophyllia deshayesiana p6 • Homophyllia australis p7 • Micromussa pacifica p8 • Unidentified Lobophylliid p9 • Lobophyllia vitiensis p10 • Catalaphyllia jardinei p11 • Trachyphyllia geoffroyi p12 Mouth • Heterocyathus aequicostatus & Heteropsammia cochlea p13 Small • Cycloseris spp. p14 septal • Diaseris spp. p15 teeth • Truncatoflabellum sp. p16 Oral disk Meandering valley Bibliography p17 Acknowledgements FRDC (Project 2014-029) Image support: Russell Kelley, Cairns Marine, Ultra Coral, JEN Veron, Jake Adams, Roberto Arrigioni ( )2 Small septal teeth Guide to some commonly harvested aquarium corals - Version 1.3 Overview in life… SOLID DISKS WITH FLESHY POLYPS AND PROMINENT SEPTAL TEETH Cynarina p5 Acanthophyllia p6 Homophyllia p7 Micromussa p8 Unidentified Lobophylliid p9 5cm disc, 1-2cm deep, large, thick, white 5-10cm disc at top of 10cm curved horn. Tissue 5cm disc, 1-2cm deep. Cycles of septa strongly <5cm disc, 1-2cm deep. Cycles of septa slightly septal teeth usually visible through tissue. In unequal. Large, tall teeth at inner marigns of primary unequal. Teeth of primary septa less large / tall at conceals septa. In Australia usually brown with inner margins. Australia usually translucent green or red. blue / green trim. septa. In Australia traded specimens are typically variegated green / red / orange. 2-3cm disc, 1-2cm deep. Undescribed species traded as Homophyllia australis in West Australia and Northern Territory but now recognised as distinct on genetic and morphological grounds. -
Sexual Reproduction of the Solitary Sunset Cup Coral Leptopsammia Pruvoti (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) in the Mediterranean
Marine Biology (2005) 147: 485–495 DOI 10.1007/s00227-005-1567-z RESEARCH ARTICLE S. Goffredo Æ J. Radetic´Æ V. Airi Æ F. Zaccanti Sexual reproduction of the solitary sunset cup coral Leptopsammia pruvoti (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) in the Mediterranean. 1. Morphological aspects of gametogenesis and ontogenesis Received: 16 July 2004 / Accepted: 18 December 2004 / Published online: 3 March 2005 Ó Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Information on the reproduction in scleractin- came indented, assuming a sickle or dome shape. We can ian solitary corals and in those living in temperate zones hypothesize that the nucleus’ migration and change of is notably scant. Leptopsammia pruvoti is a solitary coral shape may have to do with facilitating fertilization and living in the Mediterranean Sea and along Atlantic determining the future embryonic axis. During oogene- coasts from Portugal to southern England. This coral sis, oocyte diameter increased from a minimum of 20 lm lives in shaded habitats, from the surface to 70 m in during the immature stage to a maximum of 680 lm depth, reaching population densities of >17,000 indi- when mature. Embryogenesis took place in the coelen- viduals mÀ2. In this paper, we discuss the morphological teron. We did not see any evidence that even hinted at aspects of sexual reproduction in this species. In a sep- the formation of a blastocoel; embryonic development arate paper, we report the quantitative data on the an- proceeded via stereoblastulae with superficial cleavage. nual reproductive cycle and make an interspecific Gastrulation took place by delamination. Early and late comparison of reproductive traits among Dend- embryos had diameters of 204–724 lm and 290–736 lm, rophylliidae aimed at defining different reproductive respectively. -
Volume 2. Animals
AC20 Doc. 8.5 Annex (English only/Seulement en anglais/Únicamente en inglés) REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE ANALYSIS OF TRADE TRENDS WITH NOTES ON THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF SELECTED SPECIES Volume 2. Animals Prepared for the CITES Animals Committee, CITES Secretariat by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre JANUARY 2004 AC20 Doc. 8.5 – p. 3 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognise the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre’s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. Prepared for: The CITES Secretariat, Geneva A contribution to UNEP - The United Nations Environment Programme Printed by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK © Copyright: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre/CITES Secretariat The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations. -
Sipunculans Associated with Coral Communities
Sipunculans Associated with Coral Communities MARY E. RICE Reprinted from MICRONESICA, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1976 I'riiilc'd in Japan Sipunculans Associated with Coral Communities' MARY E. RICE Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Ins^litution, Washington, D.C. 20560 INTRODUCTION Sipunculans occupy several habitats within the coral-reef community, often occurring in great densities. They may be found in burrows of their own formation within dead coral rock, wedged into crevices of rock and rubble, under rocks, or within algal mats covering the surfaces of rocks. In addition, sand-burrowing species commonly occur in the sand around coral heads and on the sand flats of lagoons. Only one species of sipunculan is known to be associated with a living coral. This is Aspidosiphon jukesi Baird 1873 which lives commensally in the base of two genera of solitary corals, Heteropsammia and Heterocyatlnis. This review will consider first the mutualistic association of the sipunculan and solitary coral and then the association, more broadly defined, of the rock-boring and sand-burrowing sipun- culans as members of the coral reef community. MUTUALISM OF SIPUNCULAN AND SOLITARY CORAL The rather remarkable mutualistic association between the sipunculan Aspi- dosiphon jukesi and two genera of ahermatypic corals, Heteropsammia and Hetero- cyathus, is a classical example of commensalism (Edwards and Haime, 1848a, b; Bouvier, 1895; Sluiter, 1902; Schindewolf, 1958; Feustel, 1965; Goreau and Yonge, 1968; Yonge, 1975). The Aspidosiphon inhabits a spiral cavity in the base of the coral and, through an opening of the cavity on the under surface of the coral, the sipunculan extends its introvert into the surrounding substratum pulling the coral about as it probes and feeds in the sand (Figs. -
Fauna of Australia 4A Phylum Sipuncula
FAUNA of AUSTRALIA Volume 4A POLYCHAETES & ALLIES The Southern Synthesis 5. PHYLUM SIPUNCULA STANLEY J. EDMONDS (Deceased 16 July 1995) © Commonwealth of Australia 2000. All material CC-BY unless otherwise stated. At night, Eunice Aphroditois emerges from its burrow to feed. Photo by Roger Steene DEFINITION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Sipuncula is a group of soft-bodied, unsegmented, coelomate, worm-like marine invertebrates (Fig. 5.1; Pls 12.1–12.4). The body consists of a muscular trunk and an anteriorly placed, more slender introvert (Fig. 5.2), which bears the mouth at the anterior extremity of an introvert and a long, recurved, spirally wound alimentary canal lies within the spacious body cavity or coelom. The anus lies dorsally, usually on the anterior surface of the trunk near the base of the introvert. Tentacles either surround, or are associated with the mouth. Chaetae or bristles are absent. Two nephridia are present, occasionally only one. The nervous system, although unsegmented, is annelidan-like, consisting of a long ventral nerve cord and an anteriorly placed brain. The sexes are separate, fertilisation is external and cleavage of the zygote is spiral. The larva is a free-swimming trochophore. They are known commonly as peanut worms. AB D 40 mm 10 mm 5 mm C E 5 mm 5 mm Figure 5.1 External appearance of Australian sipunculans. A, SIPUNCULUS ROBUSTUS (Sipunculidae); B, GOLFINGIA VULGARIS HERDMANI (Golfingiidae); C, THEMISTE VARIOSPINOSA (Themistidae); D, PHASCOLOSOMA ANNULATUM (Phascolosomatidae); E, ASPIDOSIPHON LAEVIS (Aspidosiphonidae). (A, B, D, from Edmonds 1982; C, E, from Edmonds 1980) 2 Sipunculans live in burrows, tubes and protected places. -
By Scleractinian Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)
RESEARCH ARTICLE Selective consumption of sacoglossan sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) by scleractinian corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) Rahul Mehrotra1,2, Coline Monchanin2, Chad M. Scott2, Niphon Phongsuwan3, 4,5 1,6 7 Manuel Caballer GutierrezID , Suchana ChavanichID *, Bert W. Hoeksema 1 Reef Biology Research Group, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 2 New Heaven Reef Conservation Program, Koh Tao, Suratthani, Thailand, 3 Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, Bangkok, Thailand, 4 MuseÂum National d'Histoire a1111111111 Naturelle, Directions des Collections, Paris, France, 5 American University of Paris, Department of Computer a1111111111 Science Math and Environmental Science, Paris, France, 6 Center for Marine Biotechnology, Department of a1111111111 Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 7 Taxonomy and a1111111111 Systematics Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, RA Leiden, The Netherlands a1111111111 * [email protected] Abstract OPEN ACCESS Recent studies revealed that reef corals can eat large-sized pelagic and benthic animals in Citation: Mehrotra R, Monchanin C, Scott CM, Phongsuwan N, Caballer Gutierrez M, Chavanich S, addition to small planktonic prey. As follow-up, we document natural ingestion of sea slugs et al. (2019) Selective consumption of sacoglossan by corals and investigate the role of sacoglossan sea slugs as possible prey items of scler- sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) by scleractinian actinian corals. Feeding trials were carried out using six sacoglossan species as prey, two corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). PLoS ONE 14(4): e0215063. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. each from the genera Costasiella, Elysia and Plakobranchus, and four free-living solitary pone.0215063 corals (Danafungia scruposa, Fungia fungites, Pleuractis paumotensis and Heteropsammia Editor: Shashank Keshavmurthy, Biodiversity cochlea) as predators. -
Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Western Australia
Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361-417 (1998). Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Western Australia Stephen D. Cairns Department of Invertebrate Zoology, MRC-163, W-329, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560, USA Abstract - One hundred five species of azooxanthellate Scleractinia are known from Western Australia. Seventy of these species are reported herein as new records for Western Australia, 57 of which are also new to Australia. Eleven new species are described. The study was based on an examination of approximately 1725 specimens from 333 stations, which resulted in additional records of 98 of the 105 known species. New material was examined from six museums, as well as the historical material of Folkeson (1919) deposited at the Swedish Museum of Natural History. A majority (69/105 species) of the azooxanthellate species known from Western Australia occur in the tropical region of the Northern Australian Tropical Province (bordered to the south by the Houtrnan Abrolhos Islands and Port Gregory), which can be considered as a southern extension of the larger Indo-West Pacific tropical realm. Nine species are endemic to this region, and the highest latitudinal attrition of species occurs between Cape Jaubert and the Dampier Archipelago. Another 20 species, also known from tropical regions, extend to varying degrees into the Southern Australian Warm Temperate Province. Twelve species are restricted to warm temperate waters of the Southern Australian Warm Temperate Region, most of these species being relatively shallow in depth distribution. A majority of species (53) occur at depths shallower than 200 m, 46 occur exclusively deeper than 200 m (to 1011 m), and 6 species cross the 200 m isobath. -
Scleractinian Corals of Kuwait G
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Faculty Publications Biological Sciences 1995 Scleractinian Corals of Kuwait G. Hodgson Kent E. Carpenter Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Repository Citation Hodgson, G. and Carpenter, Kent E., "Scleractinian Corals of Kuwait" (1995). Biological Sciences Faculty Publications. 67. https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_fac_pubs/67 Original Publication Citation Hodgson, G., & Carpenter, K. (1995). Scleractinian corals of Kuwait. Pacific Science, 49(3), 227-246. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Pacific Science (1995), vol. 49, no. 3: 227-246 © 1995 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved Scleractinian Corals of Kuwait! G. HODGSON 2 AND K. CARPENTER 3 ABSTRACT: A survey was made of the coral reefs of Kuwait to compile a species list of scleractinian corals. Twenty-eight hermatypic and six aherma typic coral species are listed in systematic order, and a brief description is pro vided for each. A new species of Acropora is described. The Kuwait fauna is a small subset of the over 500 Indo-Pacific species. Several species show a higher degree of intraspecific variation than they exhibit in other locations. A range extension is reported for Acanthastrea maxima Sheppard & Salm, previously recorded from Oman (north and south coasts). -
Australia's Coral
Australia’s Coral Sea: A Biophysical Profile 2011 Dr Daniela Ceccarelli 2011 Dr Daniela Ceccarelli Coral Sea: A Biophysical Profile Australia’s Australia’s Coral Sea A Biophysical Profile Dr. Daniela Ceccarelli August 2011 Australia’s Coral Sea: A Biophysical Profile Photography credits Author: Dr. Daniela M. Ceccarelli Front and back cover: Schooling great barracuda © Jurgen Freund Dr. Daniela Ceccarelli is an independent marine ecology Page 1: South West Herald Cay, Coringa-Herald Nature Reserve © Australian Customs consultant with extensive training and experience in tropical marine ecosystems. She completed a PhD in coral reef ecology Page 2: Coral Sea © Lucy Trippett at James Cook University in 2004. Her fieldwork has taken Page 7: Masked booby © Dr. Daniela Ceccarelli her to the Great Barrier Reef and Papua New Guinea, and to remote reefs of northwest Western Australia, the Coral Sea Page 12: Humphead wrasse © Tyrone Canning and Tuvalu. In recent years she has worked as a consultant for government, non-governmental organisations, industry, Page 15: Pink anemonefish © Lucy Trippett education and research institutions on diverse projects requiring field surveys, monitoring programs, data analysis, Page 19: Hawksbill turtle © Jurgen Freund reporting, teaching, literature reviews and management recommendations. Her research and review projects have Page 21: Striped marlin © Doug Perrine SeaPics.com included studies on coral reef fish and invertebrates, Page 22: Shark and divers © Undersea Explorer seagrass beds and mangroves, and have required a good understanding of topics such as commercial shipping Page 25: Corals © Mark Spencer impacts, the effects of marine debris, the importance of apex predators, and the physical and biological attributes Page 27: Grey reef sharks © Jurgen Freund of large marine regions such as the Coral Sea. -
Scleractinian Corals and Reefs of Vietnam As a Part of the Pacific Reef Ecosystem
Open Journal of Marine Science, 2011, 1, 50-68 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojms.2011.12006 Published Online July 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ojms) Scleractinian Corals and Reefs of Vietnam as a Part of the Pacific Reef Ecosystem Yuri Ya Latypov A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia E-mail: [email protected] Received May 12, 2011; revised June 1, 2011; accepted June 10, 2011 Abstract The paper analyzes both published and unpublished results of the investigations of Vietnamese reef building corals and reefs performed in the last decades of the twentieth century and first decades twenty-first. The state of the art in the study of reef-building scleractinian corals and reefs is presented. The scleractinian fauna of Vietnam is shown to match in species diversity (350 species of 80 genera) the tropical coral fauna of the Indonesian–Malacca fertile center, from which Indo-Pacific reef-building corals originated. The whole Vietnam coast from the Gulf of Tonkin to the Gulf of Siam is a biogeographically single whole and is a part of the Indo-Polynesian Province of the Indo-Pacific Area. Keywords: Vietnam, Reefs, Reef-Building Corals, Pacific Reef Ecosystem 1. Introduction till September, and the dry northeast, occurring in Octo- ber-April. Heavy rain showers during the wet monsoon 1.1. Brief the Ecological Characteristic and a period result in a huge (5 - 400 million m3) freshwater History of Studying influx and a substantial (up to 200 thous. tons) terri- genous sediment influx into the sea. -
Tonga SUMA Report
BIOPHYSICALLY SPECIAL, UNIQUE MARINE AREAS OF TONGA EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT Marine and coastal ecosystems of the Pacific Ocean provide benefits for all people in and beyond the region. To better understand and improve the effective management of these values on the ground, Pacific Island Countries are increasingly building institutional and personal capacities for Blue Planning. But there is no need to reinvent the wheel, when learning from experiences of centuries of traditional management in Pacific Island Countries. Coupled with scientific approaches these experiences can strengthen effective management of the region’s rich natural capital, if lessons learnt are shared. The MACBIO project collaborates with national and regional stakeholders towards documenting effective approaches to sustainable marine resource management and conservation. The project encourages and supports stakeholders to share tried and tested concepts and instruments more widely throughout partner countries and the Oceania region. This report outlines the process undertaken to define and describe the special, unique marine areas of Tonga. These special, unique marine areas provide an important input to decisions about, for example, permits, licences, EIAs and where to place different types of marine protected areas, locally managed marine areas and Community Conservation Areas in Tonga. For a copy of all reports and communication material please visit www.macbio-pacific.info. MARINE ECOSYSTEM MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT SERVICE VALUATION BIOPHYSICALLY SPECIAL, UNIQUE MARINE AREAS OF TONGA AUTHORS: Ceccarelli DM1, Wendt H2, Matoto AL3, Fonua E3, Fernandes L2 SUGGESTED CITATION: Ceccarelli DM, Wendt H, Matoto AL, Fonua E and Fernandes L (2017) Biophysically special, unique marine areas of Tonga. MACBIO (GIZ, IUCN, SPREP), Suva. -
Recent Changes in Scleractinian Coral Nomenclature and Classification
Recent changes in Scleractinian coral nomenclature and classification. (A practical guide for coral and reef ecologists) Michel Pichon Adjunct Professor, James Cook University Australia Honorary Associate, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Townsville The following document provides information on changes which were introduced recently in the classification and nomenclature of scleractinian corals. Such changes stem to a large extent from the research activity and the syntheses carried out by the members of the international “Scleractinian Systematics Working Group” (SSWG) over the last few years. They are the result of a multi-pronged approach combining the information provided by the implementation of relatively new techniques, which have only recently been applied to scleractinian coral taxonomy. Such new tools include, inter alia, morphometrics, microstructural analyses, anatomy of soft parts and molecular genetics. The changes thus made to the nomenclature and classification of scleractinian corals underlie a move towards a classification reflecting more and more the phylogeny of various taxa, and as a result may place side by side morphologically very dissimilar species. Furthermore, such a move will require a re-definition of numerous genera (and of some families, which from a practical viewpoint is less critical) in accordance with the rules set out in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Such a work is still to be done and a number of genera remain to this day without an adequate revised diagnostic morphological characterization. Several important studies are still in progress and one may expect additional changes in the near future. The present document, therefore, does not pretend to represent a complete revision of scleractinian coral taxonomy.