DOCSLIB.ORG

A New Testing Framework for C-Programming Exercises

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A New Testing Framework for C-Programming Exercises Int'l Conf. Frontiers in Education: CS and CE | FECS'15 | 279 A new Testing Framework for C-Programming Exercises and Online-Assessments Dieter Pawelczak, Andrea Baumann, and David Schmudde Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Universitaet der Bundeswehr Muenchen (UniBw M), Neubiberg, Germany Abstract - Difficulties with learning a programming assessment and grading of programming assignments in the language are wide spread in engineering education. The use third year now. However the original aim to have many of a single integrated programming environment for coding, small accompanying programming exercises for self- debugging, automated testing and online assessment lowers learning could not be established yet, due to the high effort the initial burdens for novice programmers. We have for writing tests. In this paper we present a new testing developed the Virtual-C IDE especially for learning and framework, which enormously reduces the effort for test teaching the C programming language with an integrated development. Although this framework allows students to framework for program visualizations, programming exer- write their own tests, we do not plan to integrate test cises and online assessments. A new enhancement of the writing in the primer C programming course at the moment, IDE is a xUnit like testing framework allowing on the one as our curriculum covers software testing in the software hand larger sets of small, test-based programming exercises engineering courses in the major terms. and on the other hand simplifying the development of pro- gramming assignments. The integration of the new testing 2 Review of related work framework in the assessment system gives students a better and direct feedback on their programming achievements Software testing is a core topic in computer science. and helps to find syntactic and semantic errors in their Even though software testing is often taught in conjunction source code. with software engineering, it becomes more and more im- portant for programming courses: besides testing first ap- Keywords: C-programming, teaching programming, unit proaches, tool-based testing is widely used today in pro- testing, static code analysis, dynamic code analysis gramming primers [4]. The benefit of testing for students is obvious: with test programs provided by the lecturer, stu- 1 Introduction dents can train programming outside classroom and have immediate feedback on their exercises. For the Java pro- Difficulties with learning a programming language are gramming language, jUnit tests are widely spread. The a well-known challenge for students and lecturers in language independent testing concept is typically named undergraduate courses [1]. As several studies show, con- xUnit tests [5]. Based on these, systems for automated gra- tinuously practicing programming by starting from small ding of programming assignments like e.g. AutoGrader problems shows respectable success, e.g. see [2]. For small have evolved [6]. As xUnit testing is aimed more at profes- classes, training might be part of the lectures and additional sional developers, several tools to simplify test specifica- tutors can give a hand to prevent students from falling be- tions or handling of tests have been introduced for teaching hind. Although the same could be done for large classes, programming, as for instance Web-CAT [7]. While Web- training during the lecture becomes less effective due to the CAT additionally focuses on tests written by students, other high diversity of previous knowledge of the students, and platforms analyze beyond unit testing the data and control finding sufficient and appropriate tutors is an extensive flow of programs, like e.g. ProgTest [8]. AutoGradeMe task. Luckily an advantage of learning programming is that works independent from unit testing and is based on static – after managing an initial burden – students can directly code analysis and flow analysis of Java programs [9]. grasp, what happens by debugging or testing their pro- grams. A direct integration of testing in an adequate IDE An important aspect is the actual purpose of testing: further lowers the burdens for novice programmers. Ideally while assessment tools typically test, evaluate and grade a students work continuously on small programming exer- program source after its submission, xUnit tests provide cises and receive directly feedback from the IDE with re- immediate feedback without formal grading. The new spect to syntactical and semantic issues; and finally testing framework presented in this paper covers both: an students can submit larger programming assignments from xUnit like test system for offline training and evaluation of that IDE to receive their credit points. programming exercises as well as an automated assessment 1 system for programming assignments. As the test frame- We have developed the Virtual-C IDE (especially designed work is directly integrated in the IDE, students benefit from for learning and teaching the C programming language) a single environment for coding, debugging and testing. over the last years [3]. We use the IDE for automatic 1 https://sites.google.com/site/virtualcide/ 280 Int'l Conf. Frontiers in Education: CS and CE | FECS'15 | Source under test testSuite.tsc 3 Testing framework (SUT) The testing framework (TF) is generally based on the TF SSID well-known xUnit frameworks and its test dialogs [5]. It is Test suite creates accesses syntactically adapted from the Google C++ Testing Frame- C-Compiler static source Compiler work [10] with regards to the C programming language and information (TSC) database for educational scope. A test suite (TS) is a single test file and consists of test cases (TC) based on one or more tests. MOPVM- testDef.c Main differences (despite the programming language) com- Extensions.lib pared to the Google C++ Testing Framework are: C-Compiler • Random test data via the macro ARGR. • Simplified verification of output parameters with the Linker ARG macro. static tests • Predefined tests: function and reference function tests dynamic tests (Section 3.4.2), performance tests (Section 3.4.3) and Test Executable I/O tests (Section 3.4.4) No test fixture macro . Instead, test fixtures • TEST_F MOPVM are provides in the test prologue. • Test and test case names can be string literals • Heap and data segment re-initialization per test case Test Results for full application tests, i.e. execution of main(). • Dynamic re-linking of C functions (Section 3.4.5) Figure 1. Structure of the testing framework (TF) • Automatic prototyping for functions under test. • GUI based selection/ de-selection of test cases. 3.2 Structure of the testing framework Figure 1 shows the structure of the TF. The first step 3.1 Constraints for the educational scope covers compiling the student’s source file under test (SUT). It is a challenge for automated testing of students’ In case of a compiler error, the test execution is aborted, as source codes on the one hand to support students in finding a syntactical correct file is expected. Static source code and fixing of programming mistakes in their code, and on information is stored on a function base in a database the other hand not to reveal too much information about the (SSID). Static information covers for instance the para- solution. The use of a reference implementation inhibits meters, number of integer or float-operations, the maximum disclosure of the test definition. Still a reference implemen- loop depth, recursion, etc. Afterwards the test suite is com- tation is a common and efficient way to test students’ code, piled by the test suite compiler (TSC), which generates a C compare e.g. [6] [8]. Revealing the test definition (as it is file of the corresponding test cases. This file is compiled self-evident in software engineering) can help students in and linked with the SUT and together with the virtual understanding the task description and train their testing machine (MOPVM) extensions library. Finally the test is skills, see e.g. [4]. The TF in general allows to open and executed in the MOPVM and the results are displayed in edit test definitions except for automatic assessment of pro- the test dialog, see Section 4.1. The TSC is a stand-alone gramming assignments, i.e. for graded submissions. tool, which is able to generate test files according to a test Theoretically a student can adapt her/ his code according to suite description; still it relies on the SSID and the the test results, thus creating a solution, which fits to the MOPVM features integrated in the Virtual-C IDE. tests but not to the task description. Likewise undesirable is, that students add workarounds in their existing solution to 3.3 Static tests fit the tests. This raises the question about the level of detail for the test results. Our former approach was to give a pro- The compiler issues typical warnings during its se- gramming description with detailed specification on the mantic analysis phase with respect to typecasts, unused or functions and the program’s I/O. The tests performed for un-initialized local variables, dead-code, accessing NULL- the assessment ran locally in the Virtual-C IDE with direct pointers, etc. Another important static test is performed by feedback. However the test input was not revealed in the the TSC, as it checks, if functions under test (FUT) are test results. Although most errors could be fixed easily properly used in the SUT, e.g. if count and types of comparing the test report with the exercise description, arguments are correct. This measure prevents linker errors, student’s missed the lack of test data. The new testing which are typically difficult to trace for students. The re- framework offers the opportunity to reveal test data in the sults of the static tests are printed to the console and visu- test results as we introduced random data. This highly in- alized in the test dialog, see Section 4.1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Towards a Taxonomy of Sunit Tests *
    Towards a Taxonomy of SUnit Tests ? Markus G¨alli a Michele Lanza b Oscar Nierstrasz a aSoftware Composition Group Institut f¨urInformatik und angewandte Mathematik Universit¨atBern, Switzerland bFaculty of Informatics University of Lugano, Switzerland Abstract Although unit testing has gained popularity in recent years, the style and granularity of individual unit tests may vary wildly. This can make it difficult for a developer to understand which methods are tested by which tests, to what degree they are tested, what to take into account while refactoring code and tests, and to assess the value of an existing test. We have manually categorized the test base of an existing object-oriented system in order to derive a first taxonomy of unit tests. We have then developed some simple tools to semi-automatically categorize tests according to this taxonomy, and applied these tools to two case studies. As it turns out, the vast majority of unit tests focus on a single method, which should make it easier to associate tests more tightly to the methods under test. In this paper we motivate and present our taxonomy, we describe the results of our case studies, and we present our approach to semi-automatic unit test categorization. 1 Key words: unit testing, taxonomy, reverse engineering 1 13th International European Smalltalk Conference (ESUG 2005) http://www.esug.org/conferences/thirteenthinternationalconference2005 ? We thank St´ephane Ducasse for his helpful comments and gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Swiss National Science Foundation for the project “Tools and Techniques for Decomposing and Composing Software” (SNF Project No.
    [Show full text]
  • 2.5 the Unit Test Framework (UTF)
    Masaryk University Faculty of Informatics C++ Unit Testing Frameworks Diploma Thesis Brno, January 2010 Miroslav Sedlák i Statement I declare that this thesis is my original work of authorship which I developed individually. I quote properly full reference to all sources I used while developing. ...…………..……… Miroslav Sedlák Acknowledgements I am grateful to RNDr. Jan Bouda, Ph.D. for his inspiration and productive discussion. I would like to thank my family and girlfriend for the encouragement they provided. Last, but not least, I would like to thank my friends Ing.Michal Bella who was very supportive in verifying the architecture of the extension of Unit Test Framework and Mgr. Irena Zigmanová who helped me with proofreading of this thesis. ii Abstract The aim of this work is to gather, clearly present and test the use of existing UTFs (CppUnit, CppUnitLite, CppUTest, CxxTest and other) and supporting tools for software project development in the programming language C++. We will compare the advantages and disadvantages of UTFs and theirs tools. Another challenge is to design effective solutions for testing by using one of the UTFs in dependence on the result of analysis. Keywords C++, Unit Test (UT), Test Framework (TF), Unit Test Framework (UTF), Test Driven Development (TDD), Refactoring, xUnit, Standard Template Library (STL), CppUnit, CppUnitLite, CppUTest Run-Time Type Information (RTTI), Graphical User Interface (GNU). iii Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancement in Nunit Testing Framework by Binding Logging with Unit Testing
    International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), India Online ISSN: 2319-7064 Enhancement in Nunit Testing Framework by binding Logging with Unit testing Viraj Daxini1, D. A. Parikh2 1Gujarat Technological University, L. D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India 2Associate Professor and Head, Department of Computer Engineering, L. D. College of Engineering, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India Abstract: This paper describes the new testing library named log4nunit testing library which is enhanced version of nunit testing library as it is binded to logging functionality. NUnit is similar to xunit testing family in all that cases are built directly to the code of the project. Log4NUnit testing library provides the capability to log the results of tests along with testing classes. It also provides the capability to log the messages from within the testing methods. It supplies extension of NUnit’s Test class method in terms of logging the results. It has functionality to log the entity of test cases, based on the Logging framework, to document the test settings which is done at the time of testing, test case execution and it’s results. Attractive feature of new library is that it will redirect the log message to console at runtime if Log4net library is not present in the class path. It will make easy for those users who do not want to download Logging framework and put it in their class path. Log4NUnit also include a Log4net logger methods and implements utility of logging methods such as info, debug, warn, fatal etc. This work was prompted due to lack of published results concerning the implementation of Log4NUnit.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Unit Testing
    INTRODUCTION TO UNIT TESTING In C#, you can think of a unit as a method. You thus write a unit test by writing something that tests a method. For example, let’s say that we had the aforementioned Calculator class and that it contained an Add(int, int) method. Let’s say that you want to write some code to test that method. public class CalculatorTester { public void TestAdd() { var calculator = new Calculator(); if (calculator.Add(2, 2) == 4) Console.WriteLine("Success"); else Console.WriteLine("Failure"); } } Let’s take a look now at what some code written for an actual unit test framework (MS Test) looks like. [TestClass] public class CalculatorTests { [TestMethod] public void TestMethod1() { var calculator = new Calculator(); Assert.AreEqual(4, calculator.Add(2, 2)); } } Notice the attributes, TestClass and TestMethod. Those exist simply to tell the unit test framework to pay attention to them when executing the unit test suite. When you want to get results, you invoke the unit test runner, and it executes all methods decorated like this, compiling the results into a visually pleasing report that you can view. Let’s take a look at your top 3 unit test framework options for C#. MSTest/Visual Studio MSTest was actually the name of a command line tool for executing tests, MSTest ships with Visual Studio, so you have it right out of the box, in your IDE, without doing anything. With MSTest, getting that setup is as easy as File->New Project. Then, when you write a test, you can right click on it and execute, having your result displayed in the IDE One of the most frequent knocks on MSTest is that of performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Analysis of Junit and Testng Framework
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 05 | May-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Comparative Analysis of JUnit and TestNG framework Manasi Patil1, Mona Deshmukh2 Student, Dept. of MCA, VES Institute of Technology, Maharashtra, India1 Professor, Dept. of MCA, VES Institute of Technology, Maharashtra, India2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Testing is an important phase in SDLC, Testing It is flexible than Junit and supports parametrization, parallel can be manual or automated. Nowadays Automation testing is execution and data driven testing. widely used to find defects and to ensure the correctness and The Table – 1 compares different functionalities of TestNG completeness of the software. Open source framework can be and JUnit framework. used for automation testing such as Robotframework, Junit, Spock, NUnit, TestNG, Jasmin, Mocha etc. This paper compares Table -1: Functionality TestNG vs JUnit JUnit and TestNG based on their features and functionalities. Key Words: JUnit, TestNG, Automation Framework, Functionality TestNG JUnit Automation Testing, Selenium TestNG, Selenium JUnit Yes 1. INTRODUCTION Support Annotations Yes Yes Support Test Suit Initialization Yes Testing a software manually is tedious work, and takes lot of No time and efforts. Automation saves lot of time and money, Support for Tests groups Yes also it increases the test coverage
    [Show full text]
  • A Large-Scale Study on the Usage of Testing Patterns That Address Maintainability Attributes Patterns for Ease of Modification, Diagnoses, and Comprehension
    A Large-Scale Study on the Usage of Testing Patterns that Address Maintainability Attributes Patterns for Ease of Modification, Diagnoses, and Comprehension Danielle Gonzalez ∗, Joanna C.S. Santos∗, Andrew Popovich∗, Mehdi Mirakhorli∗, Mei Nagappany ∗Software Engineering Department, Rochester Institute of Technology, USA yDavid R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Canada fdng2551,jds5109,ajp7560, [email protected], [email protected] Abstract—Test case maintainability is an important concern, studies [5], [10], [12], [21] emphasize that the maintainability especially in open source and distributed development envi- and readability attributes of the unit tests directly affect the ronments where projects typically have high contributor turn- number of defects detected in the production code. Further- over with varying backgrounds and experience, and where code ownership changes often. Similar to design patterns, patterns more, achieving high code coverage requires evolving and for unit testing promote maintainability quality attributes such maintaining a growing number of unit tests. Like source code, as ease of diagnoses, modifiability, and comprehension. In this poorly organized or hard-to-read test code makes test main- paper, we report the results of a large-scale study on the usage tenance and modification difficult, impacting defect identifi- of four xUnit testing patterns which can be used to satisfy these cation effectiveness. In “xUnit Test Patterns: Refactoring Test maintainability attributes. This is a first-of-its-kind study which developed automated techniques to investigate these issues across Code” George Meszaro [18] presents a set of automated unit 82,447 open source projects, and the findings provide more insight testing patterns, and promotes the idea of applying patterns to into testing practices in open source projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Xunit Test Patterns and Smells Instructor Biography
    xUnit Test Patterns and Smells xUnit Test Patterns and Smells Improving Test Code and Testability Through Refactoring Gerard Meszaros [email protected] Tutorial exercises and solutions available at: http://tutorialslides.xunitpatterns.com http://tutorialexercises.xunitpatterns.com http://tutorialsolutions.xunitpatterns.com xUnit Patterns Tutorial V1 1 Copyright 2008 Gerard Meszaros xUnit Test Patterns and Smells Instructor Biography Gerard Meszaros is independent consultant specializing is agile development processes. Gerard built his first unit testing framework in 1996 and has been doing automated unit testing ever since. He is an expert in agile methods, test automation patterns, refactoring of software and tests, and design for testability. Gerard has applied automated unit and acceptance testing on projects ranging from full-on eXtreme Programming to traditional waterfall development and technologies ranging from Java, Smalltalk and Ruby to PLSQL stored procedures and SAP’s ABAP. He is the author of the book xUnit Test Patterns – Gerard Meszaros Refactoring Test Code. [email protected] xUnit Patterns Tutorial V1 2 Copyright 2008 Gerard Meszaros 1 xUnit Test Patterns and Smells Tutorial Background • Early XP projects suffered from – High Test Maintenance Cost – Obscure, Verbose Tests • Started documenting practices as Smells & Patterns at xunitpatterns.com • Clients requested Hands-on Training – 2 Day computer-based course – Available in Java, C#, C++ (other languages possible) • Condensed into half day & full day
    [Show full text]
  • Patterns of Test Oracles - a Testing Tool Perspective
    Patterns of Test Oracles - A Testing Tool Perspective YUNG-PIN CHENG, Dept. of CSIE, National Central University, TAIWAN TSUNG-LIN YANG, Dept. of CSIE, National Central University, TAIWAN Continuous integration (CI) has become a state-of-art software engineering practice in modern software industry. The key practice in CI is automatic test regression. A successful test automation can provide immediate feedback to developers and then encourages frequent code change to meet the spirit of agile methods. Unfortunately, the cost of building test automation varies significantly from different application domains. It is often inevitable to adopt testing tools of different levels to ensure the effectiveness of test regression. While adopting these testing tools, it is required to add test oracles by developers to determine whether a test is passed or failed. Nevertheless, there are dif- ferent kinds of test oracles to choose, understand, and apply. Sometimes, a testing tool may constrain the feasibility and selection of test oracles. It is important for developers to understand the pros and cons of test oracles in different testing tools. In this paper, patterns of test oracles are described, particularly from a testing-tool perspective in practice. These patterns are collected to clarify possible confusion and misunderstanding in building test oracles. Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.5.2 [Software and Its Engineering ]: Software testing and debugging—test oracles General Terms: Software Testing Additional Key Words and Phrases: Software Testing, Test Oracle, Test Automation, Regression Testing, Assertion ACM Reference Format: Cheng, Y.-P. and Yang, T.-L. 2017. Patterns of Test Oracles - A Testing Tool Perspective.
    [Show full text]
  • Test-Driven Development
    Test-Driven Development David Janzen Copyright ©2013 David S. Janzen Outline § What is TDD? ▪ An example ▪ Definitions § What is not TDD? § Where did TDD come from? § Why should I use TDD? § How can I apply TDD effectively? Copyright ©2013 David S. Janzen What is Test-Driven Development? § TDD is a design (and testing) approach involving short, rapid iterations of Unit tests are automated Unit Test Code Refactor Forces programmer to consider use of a method before implementation of the method Copyright ©2013 David S. Janzen TDD Example: Requirements § Ensure that passwords meet the following criteria: ▪ Between 6 and 10 characters long ▪ Contain at least one digit ▪ Contain at least one upper case letter Copyright ©2013 David S. Janzen TDD Example: Write a test import static org.junit.Assert.*; import org.junit.Test; public class TestPasswordValidator { @Test Needed for JUnit public void testValidLength() { PasswordValidator pv = new PasswordValidator(); assertEquals(true, pv.isValid("Abc123")); } } This is the teeth of the test Cannot even run test yet because PasswordValidator doesn’t exist! Copyright ©2013 David S. Janzen TDD Example: Write a test import static org.junit.Assert.*; import org.junit.Test; public class TestPasswordValidator { @Test public void testValidLength() { PasswordValidator pv = new PasswordValidator(); assertEquals(true, pv.isValid("Abc123")); } } Design decisions: class name, constructor, method name, parameters and return type Copyright ©2013 David S. Janzen TDD Example: Write the code public class PasswordValidator { public boolean isValid(String password) { if (password.length() >= 6 && password.length() <= 10) { return true; } else { return false; } } } Copyright ©2013 David S. Janzen TDD Example: Refactor import static org.junit.Assert.*; import org.junit.Test; public class TestPasswordValidator { @Test public void testValidLength() { PasswordValidator pv = new PasswordValidator(); assertEquals(true, pv.isValid("Abc123")); } } Do we really need an instance of PasswordValidator? Copyright ©2013 David S.
    [Show full text]
  • Causal Factors, Benefits and Challenges of Test-Driven
    Full citation: Buchan, J., Li, L., & MacDonell, S.G. (2011) Causal Factors, Benefits and Challenges of Test-Driven Development: Practitioner Perceptions, in Proceedings of the 18th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC 2011). Hochiminh City, Vietnam, IEEE Computer Society Press, pp.405-413. doi: 10.1109/APSEC.2011.44 Causal Factors, Benefits and Challenges of Test-Driven Development: Practitioner Perceptions Jim Buchan, Ling Li, Stephen G. MacDonell SERL, School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences AUT University, Private Bag 92006 Auckland 1142, New Zealand [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract in improvements to code quality [3], testing quality [4], and application quality [5], compared to the traditional Test-Last This report describes the experiences of one organization’s (TL) approach. It has also been claimed to improve overall adoption of Test Driven Development (TDD) practices as development productivity, encourage early understanding of part of a medium-term software project employing Extreme the scope of requirements (user stories), as well as Programming as a methodology. Three years into this potentially leading to enhanced developer job satisfaction project the team’s TDD experiences are compared with and confidence [3]. their non-TDD experiences on other ongoing projects. The In contrast, critics claim that the frequent changes to tests in perceptions of the benefits and challenges of using TDD in TDD are more likely (than in TL) to cause test breakages, this context are gathered through five semi-structured leading to costly rework and loss of productivity [6]. Boehm interviews with key team members. Their experiences and Turner [6] also note that with TDD the consequences of indicate that use of TDD has generally been positive and the developers having inadequate testing skills may be reasons for this are explored to deepen the understanding of amplified, compared to the consequences for a TL approach.
    [Show full text]
  • Unittest Is Broken: Toward Composable, Shareable Test Framework Extensions
    unittest is Broken: Toward Composable, Shareable Test Framework Extensions Collin Winter Google, Inc [email protected] 0. Abstract In this paper I examine the shortcomings and core design flaws of JUnit and JUnit-derived test frameworks, such as Python's PyUnit (aka unittest), focusing specifically on the programmer's ability to extend the framework. I then discuss the requirements for an extensible testing framework and introduce test_harness, an alternative framework designed from the ground up to address these fundamental issues. Finally, examples drawn from real-world, PyUnit-based test suites are reformulated using test_harness to demonstrate the power of the new framework. 1. Introduction When writing test suites, it is often desirable to mix in additional functionality in order to augment the tests themselves, e.g., the ability to mark certain tests as "expected to fail" or to indicate that a given test should skipped in the presence of a given condition. While many testing frameworks exist that allow the creation of such augmentations and extensions, the design of these frameworks greatly limits the ability of the test writer to combine extensions in order to create the ideal testing environment for the current project. This lowers the incentive to share such framework extensions with the wider development community, thus both inhibiting software reuse and increasing the barriers to properly testing certain kinds of code. In this paper, I will explore the requirements for a testing framework that will allow extensions to be easily shared and combined, in the process contrasting these principles with those found in existing popular testing frameworks.
    [Show full text]
  • Unit Testing: Principles, Practices, and Patterns
    Principles, Practices, and Patterns Vladimir Khorikov MANNING Chapter Map Licensed toJorge Cavaco <[email protected]> Complexity (ch. 7) Fast feedback (ch. 4) Maximize Have high Domain model and Maintainability Maximize Unit tests Cover algorithms (ch. 4) (ch. 7) Protection against Test accuracy False negatives Defined by Tackled by regressions Maximize Integration tests (ch. 4) (ch. 4) (ch. 4) Cover Defined by Maximize Resistance to False positives Controllers Tackled by refactoring Used in (ch. 4) (ch. 7) (ch. 4) Damage if used incorrectly Have large number of Mocks (ch. 5) In-process dependencies Are Collaborators (ch. 2) (ch. 2) Managed dependencies Should not be used for (ch. 8) Are Out-of-process dependencies Are (ch. 2) Should be used for Unmanaged Are dependencies (ch. 8) Unit Testing: Principles, Practices, and Patterns VLADIMIR KHORIKOV MANNING SHELTER ISLAND Licensed to Jorge Cavaco <[email protected]> For online information and ordering of this and other Manning books, please visit www.manning.com. The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in quantity. For more information, please contact Special Sales Department Manning Publications Co. 20 Baldwin Road PO Box 761 Shelter Island, NY 11964 Email: [email protected] ©2020 by Manning Publications Co. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in the book, and Manning Publications was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps.
    [Show full text]