DOCSLIB.ORG

Sedimentology, Geochemistry, and Biota of Volgian Carbonaceous Sequences in the Northern Part of the Central Russian Sea (Kostroma Region) Yu

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sedimentology, Geochemistry, and Biota of Volgian Carbonaceous Sequences in the Northern Part of the Central Russian Sea (Kostroma Region) Yu ISSN 0024-4902, Lithology and Mineral Resources, 2008, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 354–379. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2008. Original Russian Text © Yu.O. Gavrilov, E.V. Shchepetova, M.A. Rogov, E.A. Shcherbinina, 2008, published in Litologiya i Poleznye Iskopaemye, 2008, No. 4, pp. 396–424. Sedimentology, Geochemistry, and Biota of Volgian Carbonaceous Sequences in the Northern Part of the Central Russian Sea (Kostroma Region) Yu. O. Gavrilov, E. V. Shchepetova, M. A. Rogov, and E. A. Shcherbinina Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevskii per. 7, Moscow, 119017 Russia e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Received January 28, 2008 Abstract—Lithological, geochemical, stratigraphic, and paleoecological features of carbonaceous sediments in the Late Jurassic Volgian Basin of the East European Platform (Kostroma region) are considered. The shale- bearing sequence studied is characterized by greater sedimentological completeness as compared with its stra- totype sections in the Middle Volga region (Gorodishche, Kashpir). Stratigraphic position and stratigraphy of the shale-bearing sequence, as well as the distribution of biota in different sedimentation settings, are specified. It is shown that Volgian sediments show a distinct cyclic structure. The lower and upper elements of cyclites consist of high-carbonaceous shales and clayey–calcareous sediments, respectively, separated by transitional varieties. Bioturbation structures in different rocks are discussed. Microcomponent composition and pyrolytic parameters of organic matter, as well as distribution of chemical elements in the lithologically variable sedi- ments are analyzed. Possible reasons responsible for the appearance of cyclicity and accumulation of organic- rich sediments are discussed. DOI: 10.1134/S002449020804007X The second half of the Late Jurassic Period was 1996). These and some other phenomena were respon- characterized by the development of conditions favor- sible for the fragmentary record of the shale-bearing able for the accumulation of high-carbonaceous (fre- sequence formation in sections of the Volga region. quently, oil-generating) sediments in different regions Such disadvantages of the sedimentation record are of the Northern Hemisphere (West Europe, Russian significantly less manifested in the examined section Plate, Barents Sea, West Siberia, and others). In the near the Ivkino Settlement located on the right bank of East European Platform, organic-rich sediments of the the Unzha River (left tributary of the Volga River, Kos- Volgian Stage (oil shales) are developed over a spacious troma region) in the area known as the Manturov group area. Researchers have proposed different concepts for of Volgian oil shale deposits (Dobryanskii, 1947; the accumulation of high-carbonaceous sediments. Yavkhuta, 1973; and others) (Fig. 1). However, formation mechanisms of such sediments remain unclear so far. Development of their genetic In addition to the relative sedimentary complete- models requires data on sections from different parts of ness, the Ivkino shale-bearing section is also interesting the spacious Volgian Basin, which would make it pos- from the standpoint of sedimentation settings in the sible to understand general regularities in its evolution northern (least studied) part of the Volgian Basin. In and determine the influence of local factors on sedi- this work, we present a detailed characteristic of the mentation processes. Data on the typical shale-bearing shale-bearing sequence with the consideration of dif- sections with the most complete record of their sedi- ferent sedimentological and geochemical features, mentation history are also essential. which are crucial for understanding sedimentation set- tings of the Volgian carbonaceous sediments. The best studied Gorodishche and Kashpir strato- type sections of the Volgian Stage in the Middle Volga When studying the shale-bearing sequence and the region represent the relatively condensed successions underlying and overlying sediments, we paid particular with numerous indications of syn- and postsedimentary attention to the initial structure of sediments, degree of erosion. This process promoted the concentration of biogenic reworking, character of bioturbation, grain- coarse fractions at some levels, i.e., in the formation of size distribution, mineral composition, petrographic condensed units (Baraboshkin et al., 2002). In case of and pyrolytic parameters of organic matter (OM), and exhumation of the relatively compact sediments to the distribution of different chemical elements in the heter- basin bottom, they were subjected frequently (often ogeneous laminated sequence. intensely) reworked by burrowing organisms, resulting It should be noted that the shale-bearing sequence is in the formation of softground-type surface (Bromley, overlain by Cretaceous and Quaternary sediments with 354 SEDIMENTOLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOTA 355 K o s t r o m a 60 Manturovo Neya r e g i o n R. ha R nz a U y e Kostroma N Makar’ev . R ha nz U Vo lga R. Gor'kovskoe Reservoir 50 01632km a e Kostroma S n i a s s u R l Moscow a Ul’yanovsk t r 40 n e Saratov C 30 Tethys 1234 Fig. 1. Schematic paleogeographic map of the East European Platform for the Volgian Age (sea and land distribution, after (Thierry, 2000); areas of shale-bearing sequence development, after (Prognoz goryuchikh…, 1974; Lyyurov, 1996; and others). (1) Land; (2) epicontinental seas; (3) Tethys Ocean; (4) areas of shale-bearing sequence development. Asterisk in the inset shows location of the Ivkino section. the total thickness of 150 m. Intensity of postsedimen- Corg, CO2, Fe, Mn, Ti, P, and S were determined by tary transformations of the shale-bearing sediments chemical methods, while concentrations of other ele- corresponds to early catagenesis. Consequently, the ments were measured by the emission spectral method present-day geochemical parameters reflect largely (spectrometer PGS-1) in the Laboratory of Physical their state at sedimentary and diagenetic stages. Methods for the Study of Rock-Forming Minerals (GIN). The mineral composition of rocks was determined by the X-ray diffraction method in the Laboratory of Particular attention was paid to specification of the Physical Methods for the Study of Rock-Forming Min- stratigraphic position of the examined sequence and erals (GIN). Pyrolytic parameters were measured using response of the biota to sharp fluctuations of paleoeco- a Rock-Eval II equipment at the Institute of Geology logical settings during the accumulation of alternating and Development of Fuel Minerals. Concentrations of high- and low-carbonaceous sediments. The obtained LITHOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES Vol. 43 No. 4 2008 356 GAVRILOV et al. data are important for the more reliable correlation of Results of the Study of Ammonites sections in the spacious East European Platform and the and Other Macrofaunal Fossils elucidation of relationships between the Volgian shale- Already at the beginning of stratigraphic studies in bearing sequence and carbonaceous sediments in other the early 20th century, it was established that the shale- regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Ammonites and bearing sequence correlates with the Dorsoplanites nannofossils were the main objects in these studies, panderi ammonite zone of the middle Volgian Substage although other fossil remains were also taken into con- (initially, Perisphinctes panderi Zone of the Volgian sideration. Stage). Identification of this zone was followed by attempts to subdivide it into smaller units (Rozanov, 1919; Ilovaiskii and Florenskii, 1941). Mikhailov GENERAL CHARACTERISTIC (1962): the lower Pavlovia pavlovi Subzone and the AND STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION upper Dorsoplanites panderi Subzone, which was later OF THE SHALE-BEARING SEQUENCE renamed as Zaraiskites zarajskensis Subzone (Gerasi- mov and Mikhailov, 1966). The present-day spacious fields of Volgian high-car- Based on the Zaraiskites phyletic lineage (from the bonaceous sediments make up the Volga–Pechora base to top: quenstedti, scythicus, regularis, zarajsken- shale-bearing province (Fig. 1) in the eastern Russian sis), Kutek (1994) subdivided the Scythicus Zone, an Plate (Yavkhuta, 1973). They constitute a sequence analogue of the Panderi Zone (Poland), into two sub- with well-developed bedding related to the alternation zones and four faunal horizons. In the Russian Plate, of beds (thickness from n dm to ~1 m or more) of dark this stratigraphic interval can also be subdivided into brown high-carbonaceous shales and notably lighter two subzones (based on the Zaraiskites ammonite spe- (mainly gray) clayey–calcareous sediments. The thick- cies): Scythicus and Zarajskensis. Recently, Zaraiskites ness of sequence varies from a few meters in the Rus- regularis was found in the Russian Plate (Rogov, sian Plate to several tens of meters in the southern and 2004). Subsequently, all the four faunal horizons northeastern parts. The shales extend laterally over sig- defined by Kutek in Poland were established in the Gor- nificant distances (more than 10n km) only in rare cases odishche section of the Middle Volga region (Rogov, and their amount in the sequence is variable. The shale- 2005). The species Zaraiskites regularis is subdivided bearing sequence is frequently replaced laterally by in two chronological subspecies that characterize suc- condensed sections composed of phosphorites, carbon- cessive faunal horizons (Pimenov et al., 2005). ate and siliceous coquinas, and glauconitic sandstones. It was noted
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Materialsbookjurassiccretaceou
    УДК: 551.762.3/763.12 ББК 26.323 The International Scientific Conference on the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary. September 7-13, 2015, Samara (Russia). – Togliatti: Kassandra, 2015. – 102 p. The present volume compiles short papers with new data on the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary strata and their fauna of different regions of Russia (Volga region, Siberia, Crimea, Primorye) and of North America. Most papers are devoted to problems of biostratigraphy and paleontology of marine animals and their trace fossils. Besides this, some data on magnetostratigraphy, interregional correlations, history of defining J/K boundary in the Decisions of ISC, and eoomic value of the interval. For geologists, paleontologists, stratigraphers, students of geological and geographical profiles. Responsible editors: E.Yu. Baraboshkin, D.E. Bykov Editorial board: M.A. Rogov, A.Yu. Guzhikov, V.V. Arkadiev, V.V. Gusev, A.A. Konovalova Technical editor: A.P. Ippolitov Layouts: A.P. Ippolitov English translation of papers by V.V. Efimov, I.A. Meleshin, E.L.Vasileva, A.P.Pronin and F.M. Kuanyshev: A.P. Ippolitov Международная научная конференция по проблеме границы юрской и мело- вой систем. 7-13 сентября 2015 г., г.Самара (Россия): Материалы совещания. – Тольятти: Издательство «Кассандра», 2015. – 102 с. В сборнике опубликованы новые данные о пограничных отложениях юры и мела различных регионов России (Поволжье, Сибирь, Крым, Приморье) и Северной Америки. Большинство работ посвящено био- стратиграфии и палеонтологии морских животных и следов их жизнедеятельности. Кроме того, приво- дятся сведения о магнитостратиграфии, межрегиональной корреляции, истории проведения границы юры и мела в постановлениях МСК, и экономической важности этого интервала. Сборник представляет интерес для геологов, палеонтологов, стратиграфов, студентов геологиче- ского и географического факультетов.
    [Show full text]
  • Age of Neuburg Formation (Bavaria, Federal Republic of Germany) and Its Correlation with the Subboreal Volgian and Mediterranean Tithonian
    Berlin • Stuttgart, 30. 3. 1989 Newsl. Stratigr. 20 (3) 149-169 Fig- Age of Neuburg Formation (Bavaria, Federal Republic of Germany) and its correlation with the Subboreal Volgian and Mediterranean Tithonian by J. A. JELETZKY t* with 2 figures Abstract. Only the topmost Bed 238 of the Neuburg Formation is a lower Upper Tithonian deposit I middle and upper microcantbum Zone). The basal Upper Tithonian (Simplisphinaes Zone) is faulted out. The rest of the Oberhausen Member (Beds 117-237) is an upper Lower Tithonian deposit (fallauxi to ponti/Burckhardticeras Zones). The Unterhausen Member (i.e. the Pseudolissoceras bavaricum Zone), except for its basal Bed 22, is a middle Lower Tithonian (= lower Middle Tithonian of some authors) deposit correlative with the semiforme/verruciferum Zone of the Mediterranean standard. The Zaraiskites scythicus Zone of Central Poland and Central Russia is roughly equivalent to the Beds 102-112 of the Unterhausen Member bearing Zaraiskites-like ammonites. Therefore, it is a middle Lower Tithonian deposit correlative with the upper S'-iiforme/verruciferum Zone. The next older Ilowaiskya pseudoscythica Zone of these two Subboreal regions corresponds to the lower semiforme/verruciferum and upper darwmil albemnum Zones of the Mediterranean Province as well as to the Bed 22 and the upper Rennertshofen Beds of the Franconian Basin. Therefore, the Central Russian Virgatites virgatus and Epivirgatites nikitmi Zones correspond to the upper Lower Tithonian fallauxi to pontilBurckhardticeras Zones of the Mediterranean standard. The entire Portlandian Stage of England is a Lower Tithonian deposit. Isterites and Pseudovirgatites are exclusively mid to late Early Tithonian genera. The controversial Central European Pseudovirgatites scruposus Zone appears to be correlative with the upper semijormel verruciferum and Zaraiskites scythicus Zones.
    [Show full text]
  • The Russian Platform As a Key Region for Volgian
    Rivista Italiana di Prleontoloeia e Stratigrafia volume 1l0 no. l , pr IlI ;' ,t'.;r; I .a,prirzoo+ THE RUSSIAN PLATFORM AS A KEY REGION FOR VOLGIAN/TITHONIAN CORRELATION: A REVIE\tr OF THE MEDITERRANEAN FAUNAL ELEMENTS AND AMMONITE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE VOLGIAN STAGE MIKHAIL A. ROGOV' Receit-ted September 19, 2002; accepted October 3, 2003 Key uords. Jurassic, Volgian, Tithonian, Boreal-Teth1'an correla- Introduction tion, amnronites, biostratigraphy, Russian Platform. Over the last few decades several papers devot- Abstract. A review of the ammonite faunas and biostratieraphy ed to the analysis of mixed Boreal-Tethyan associations of the uppern.rost Kimmeridgian - lowermosr Middle Volgian of Central of Mollusca, and Tithonian-Volgian correlations (Zeiss Russia is presented. The major role of the Sub-n-rediterranean ammonites in the Volgian assemblages is described, providins additional detail to 2001Kutek & Zeiss 1997;Hoedemaeker 1991; Sachs et the existine scheme of Tithonian-Volgian correlations. The base of the a\.1979: Mesezhnikov 1989; Sey tr Kalacheva1993,1.997; Tithonian and the base of the Volgian are coincident, based on the asso- Schweigert 1.993, 1.994, 2000; Scherzinger Er Schweigert ciation of Neoc/retocerds steraspis-Lingulaticeras soLenoides.The Klimovi 1999) have been published. Unfortunately, material from Zone corresponds to nrost of the Hybonotum Zone. However, the top the Russian Platform was either not studied during those of the Hybonotum Zone, based on the distribution of Paralingulati- ceras, Íalls within the Sokolovi Zone.The allocation of r Tenuicostata investigations, or only ammonites never described and il- Subzone (with two horizons: neoburgense and puschi) in the Pseudo- lustrated before were mentioned.
    [Show full text]
  • Joint-Stock Central Telecommunication Company Code of the Issuer
    QUARTERLY REPORT Joint-Stock Central Telecommunication Company Code of the Issuer: 00194-A for the 2nd quarter of 2004 Domicile: 23 Proletarskaya Street, Khimki, the Moscow region, 141400, Russia Mailing address: 6 Degtiarny Pereulok, Building 2, GSP-3, Moscow, 125993, Russia The information in this quarterly report is disclosed pursuant to applicable law of the Russian Federation on securities. (signed by) R. Amaryan General Director JSC CenterTelecom Date: August 13, 2004 R. Konstantinova Chief Accountant Date: August 13, 2004 (seal) Contact person: Ms. Natalia Sudareva, Deputy Director, Department of Securities and Corporate Management, Head of Securities Issues Tel.: (+7 095) 209-38-49 Fax: (+7 095) 209-28-29 e-mail: [email protected] The information disclosed in this quarterly report is posted at: http://www.centertelecom.ru/index.html?d=63 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................5 I. Background of persons-members of the Issuer’s governing bodies, information on bank accounts, the auditor, appraiser, and financial consultant of the Issuer, and other persons who signed the quarterly report .................29 1.1 Members of the governing bodies of the Issuer ...........................................................................................................29 1.2 Information on bank accounts of the issuer .................................................................................................................30
    [Show full text]
  • Late Jurassic Ammonites from Alaska
    Late Jurassic Ammonites From Alaska GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1190 Late Jurassic Ammonites From Alaska By RALPH W. IMLAY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1190 Studies of the Late jurassic ammonites of Alaska enables fairly close age determinations and correlations to be made with Upper Jurassic ammonite and stratigraphic sequences elsewhere in the world UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1981 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR JAMES G. WATT, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 81-600164 For sale by the Distribution Branch, U.S. Geological Survey, 604 South Pickett Street, Alexandria, VA 22304 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract ----------------------------------------- 1 Ages and correlations -----------------------------­ 19 19 Introduction -------------------------------------- 2 Early to early middle Oxfordian --------------­ Biologic analysis _________________________________ _ 14 Late middle Oxfordian to early late Kimmeridgian 20 Latest Kimmeridgian and early Tithonian _____ _ 21 Biostratigraphic summary ------------------------- 14 Late Tithonian ______________________________ _ 21 ~ortheastern Alaska -------------------------­ 14 Ammonite faunal setting --------------------------­ 22 Wrangell Mountains -------------------------- 15 Geographic distribution ---------------------------- 23 Talkeetna Mountains -------------------------­ 17 Systematic descriptions ___________________________ _ 28 Tuxedni Bay-Iniskin Bay area ----------------- 17 References
    [Show full text]
  • Characteristic Jurassic Mollusks from Northern Alaska
    Characteristic Jurassic Mollusks From Northern Alaska GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 274-D Characteristic Jurassic Mollusks From Northern Alaska By RALPH W. IMLAY A SHORTER CONTRIBUTION TO GENERAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 274-D A study showing that the northern Alaskan faunal succession agrees with that elsewhere in the Boreal region and in other parts of North America and in northwest Europe UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1955 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - BMMH§ts (paper cover) Price $1.00 CONTENTS Page Abstract_________________ 69 Introduction _________________ 69 Biologic analysis____________ 69 Stratigraphic summary. _______ 70 Ages of fossils________________ 73 Comparisons with other faunas. 75 Ecological considerations___ _ 75 Geographic distribution____. 78 Summary of results ___________ 81 Systematic descriptions__ _. 82 Literature cited____________ 92 Index_____________________ 95 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates &-13 follow Index] PLATE 8. Inoceramus and Gryphaea 9. Aucella 10. Amaltheus, Dactylioceras, "Arietites," Phylloceras, and Posidonia 11. Ludwigella, Dactylioceras, and Harpoceras. 12. Pseudocadoceras, Arcticoceras, Amoeboceras, Tmetoceras, Coeloceras, and Pseudolioceras 13. Reineckeia, Erycites, and Cylindroteuthis. Page FIGXTKE 20. Index map showing Jurassic fossil collection localities in northern Alaska.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Correlation of Jurassic/Cretaceous
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by NERC Open Research Archive 1 Regional correlation of Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary strata based on the Tithonian to 2 Valanginian dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy of the Volga Basin, western Russia 3 4 Ian C. Harding a,*, Giles A. Smith b, James B. Riding c, William A.P. Wimbledon b 5 6 a School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National 7 Oceanography Centre - Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United 8 Kingdom 9 b Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, 10 Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom 11 c British Geological Survey, Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 12 5GG, United Kingdom 13 14 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (Ian C. Harding). 15 16 17 ABSTRACT 18 19 Precise stratal correlation of Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary successions in the Boreal 20 Province, including the western European and Russian regions, based on ammonite 21 biostratigraphy remain significantly problematical due to widespread faunal 22 provincialism. In order to help clarify this situation, the marine palynology of the 23 Tithonian (uppermost Jurassic) and the Berriasian and Valanginian (Lower Cretaceous) 24 strata exposed on the banks of the River Volga at Gorodishche and Kashpir, near 25 Ul’yanovsk, has been studied in detail. Over 100 dinoflagellate cyst species were 26 recovered, and their ranges used to compile a detailed Tithonian to Valanginian 27 palynostratigraphy for the Volga Basin. First and last appearance datums of key 28 dinoflagellate cyst taxa are used to define ages for unreliably dated strata in the Russian 29 successions by comparison with the stratigraphical ranges of the same taxa calibrated to 30 ammonite zones in Boreal northwest Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • The Upper Jurassic of Europe: Its Subdivision and Correlation
    The Upper Jurassic of Europe: its subdivision and correlation Arnold Zeiss In the last 40 years, the stratigraphy of the Upper Jurassic of Europe has received much atten- tion and considerable revision; much of the impetus behind this endeavour has stemmed from the work of the International Subcommission on Jurassic Stratigraphy. The Upper Jurassic Series consists of three stages, the Oxfordian, Kimmeridgian and Tithonian which are further subdivided into substages, zones and subzones, primarily on the basis of ammonites. Regional variations between the Mediterranean, Submediterranean and Subboreal provinces are discussed and correlation possibilities indicated. The durations of the Oxfordian, Kimmeridgian and Tithonian Stages are reported to have been 5.3, 3.4 and 6.5 Ma, respectively. This review of the present status of Upper Jurassic stratigraphy aids identification of a num- ber of problems of subdivision and definition of Upper Jurassic stages; in particular these include correlation of the base of the Kimmeridgian and the top of the Tithonian between Submediterranean and Subboreal Europe. Although still primarily based on ammonite stratigraphy, subdivision of the Upper Jurassic is increasingly being refined by the incorporation of other fossil groups; these include both megafossils, such as aptychi, belemnites, bivalves, gastropods, brachiopods, echino- derms, corals, sponges and vertebrates, and microfossils such as foraminifera, radiolaria, ciliata, ostracodes, dinoflagellates, calcareous nannofossils, charophyaceae, dasycladaceae, spores and pollen. Important future developments will depend on the detailed integration of these disparate biostratigraphic data and their precise combination with the abundant new data from sequence stratigraphy, utilising the high degree of stratigraphic resolution offered by certain groups of fos- sils.
    [Show full text]
  • Callovian (Jurassic) Ammonites from the United States and Alaska
    Callovian (Jurassic) Ammonites from the United States and Alaska Part 1. Western Interior United States GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 249-A Callovian (Jurassic) Ammonites from the United States and Alaska Part 1. Western Interior United States By RALPH W. IMLAY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 249-A Descriptions and illustrations of cephalopods of Late Jurassic age UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1953 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Oscar L. Chapman, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. CONTENTS Page Page Abstract -—--—---—-——————_—————__________.._____.„__.______ 1 Ecologic considerations—Continued Introduction --——————————————.._____________._„._.„___ 1 Conditions of deposition—— _.____.__———-——.——— 9 Biologic analysis ——————.——__——._____.___.._____„_„_____ 1 Conglomerate —...— ——————————_.., 9 Stratigraphic summary ———————._.__——____.____________ 4 Sand ——_———————————————— — 9 Faunal zones and correlations————..__————_.._——— 5 Marine siltstone and shale.—————-—_——— 10 Arcticoceras codyense zone..————.._______....——_„ 5 Limestone -——————_.-_————————.——— 10 Gowericeras costidensum zone____—._...„——_.——_——— 7 Other types of sediment———————————— 10 Gowericeras subitum zone————_-.........._..._„„........ 7 Ammonite distribution and associations—————— 11 Kepplerites tychonis zone.__————————_———. 7 Geographic distribution - - ———————————————— 14 Kepplerites mcleami zone.—————„___„..—.............. 7 Summary of results--------———————————————— 17 Comparisons with other faunas————____........„—....„.. 8 Systematic descriptions ———.—_.————————— 18 Ecologic considerations —————————_——.__..._.... 8 References ———————————————————— ———. 34 Sources of sediment———_——.._ _„__..—_———._.. 8 Index -.-—————————.———————-—-—--——— 37 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates 1-24 follow index] PLATE 1. Xenocephalites and Lilloettia 2-4. Arcticoceras 5. Cosmoceras and Arcticoceras 6,7. Cadoceras 8, 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Patterns of the Evolution of Aptychi of Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Boreal Ammonites
    Swiss J Palaeontol (2016) 135:139–151 DOI 10.1007/s13358-015-0110-1 Patterns of the evolution of aptychi of Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Boreal ammonites 1 1 Mikhail A. Rogov • Aleksandr A. Mironenko Received: 27 March 2015 / Accepted: 1 November 2015 / Published online: 27 November 2015 Ó Akademie der Naturwissenschaften Schweiz (SCNAT) 2015 Abstract Here we are providing a review of aptychi Stephanoceratoidea and Perisphinctoidea have aptychi records in ammonites of Boreal origin or that inhabited significantly smaller than the aperture diameter. Boreal/Subboreal basins during the Bathonian–Albian with special focus on new records and the relationship between Keywords Aptychi Á Jurassic Á Cretaceous Á Ammonites Á the evolution of ammonite conch and aptychi. For the first Evolution time we figure aptychi that belong to Aulacostephanidae, Virgatitidae, Deshayesitidae, Craspeditinae and Laugeiti- nae. A strong difference between aptychi of micro- and Introduction macroconchs of co-occurring Aspidoceratidae is shown, which, along with their shell morphologies suggests niche Aptychi are organic (in some cases with calcite layers of divergence of these dimorphs. Aptychi of Aptian Sinzovia variable thickness) and usually bivalved plates, associ- (Aconeceratidae) should be tentatively ascribed to Diday- ated with ammonites and considered as parts of the lower ilamellaptychus, while their previous assignment to rhyn- jaws albeit other functions are also widely discussed chaptychi was caused by misidentification. Aptychi of (Parent et al. 2014). During the nearly 200-year history Middle Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Boreal and Subboreal of aptychi research, a great number of formal species and ammonites are characterized by a very thin calcareous non- genera have been described.
    [Show full text]
  • Stratigraphy of Lower Volgian Deposits in the Russian Plate and Correlation Between Volgian and Tithonian Stages M
    Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation. Vol. 10, No. 4, 2002, pp. 348-364. Translated from Stratigrqfiya. Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya. Vol. 10. No. 4, 2002, pp. 35-51, Original Russian Text Copyright © 2002 by Rogov. English Translation Copyright © 2002 by MAIK "Nauka/lnterperiodica" (Russia) Stratigraphy of Lower Volgian Deposits in the Russian Plate and Correlation between Volgian and Tithonian Stages M. A. Rogov Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevskii per. 7, Moscow, 119017 Russia Received June 18, 2001 Abstract—A detailed biostratigraphic scale is suggested for the Lower Volgian Substage of the Russian Plate. The Ilowaiskya klimovi Zone is subdivided (from the base upwar d) into th e Glochiceras (Lingitlaticeras) sole- noides and Neochetoceras steraspis beds underlying the Glochiceras (Paralingulaticeras) lithographicum efi- movi horizon, and Anaspidoceras neoburgense and Pseudovirgatites puschi horizons are discriminated within the Ilowaiskya pseudoscythica Zone. Data on distribution of Submediterranean ammonites (species of Glochiceras s.l., Neochetoceras, Pseudolissoceras, Anaspidoceras, and Pseudolissoceras genera) in th e Russian Plate are used to correlate the Lower Volgian Substage with the Tithonian in accord with the following scheme: (1) the Klimovi Zone correspon ds to the lower half of the Hybonotum Zone; (2) the Sokolovi Zone is an equivalent of the upper portion of Hybonotum Zone coupled with a basal interval of the Darwini Zone; (3) the Pseudoscythica Zone ranges from the upper portion of the Darwini Zone to the top of Semiforme Zone and even through the basal part of the Fallauxi Zone so that the entire neoburgense horizon falls into the Semiforme Zone. Migration paths of thermophilic ammonites into the Central Russian Sea are depicted.
    [Show full text]
  • Investment Proposal on Creation of Wood Processing Enterprise in Manturovo Municipal District of Kostroma Region Summary
    Investment proposal on creation of wood processing enterprise in Manturovo municipal district of Kostroma Region Summary Title: Creation of chipboard production plant in Kostroma Region Investment volume: 2 422,86 million rub. Stage of implementation: investment proposal Project coordinator: The Department of investment and industrial policy of Kostroma Region Administration Location Vologda Region Yaroslavl Region Kirov Region Nizhegorodskaya Region Railways Federal highway Regional motorways Ivanovo Region Manturovo municipal district Location Manturovo municipal district The district’s territory includes: - transport artery “St. Peterburg – Ekaterinburg” including the motorway “Kostroma – Sharya – Kirov – Perm”; - Northern Railway – branch of OJSC “Rusian Railways” Distance to Kostroma City – 270 km Investment site Total area: 256,4 ha Category of land: agricultural land Engineering infrastructure: - motorway Kostroma – V. Spasskoe (asphalt surface); - gas pipeline (planned in 2015); - railway (0,5 km); - electric power supply from substation “Zvezda” (total capacity – 405 MW, unused capacity – 250 MW) Forest resources Kostroma Region has large wood reserves of more than 700 million cub. m. with total area of 4,5 million ha Annual volume of cutting area is about 12 million cub. m Volume of unused cutting area is more than 7 million cub. m Forest resources Information on unused forest resources in Manturovo municipal district and surrounding districts of Kostroma Region Forestry area Calculated cutting Actual use of Structure Distance area, thousand cub.m calculated cutting from area, thousand investment cub.m site to area’s border Manturovo 343,4 240,0 4P1F4B1As Sharya 784,5 394,7 4B1As3P2F 26 Mezha 552,7 339,1 5B1As2P2F 37 Neya 507,0 227,4 4P2F3B1As 30 Makariev 456,9 102,7 6P1F3B 47 Kologriv 791,8 272,3 5B1As3F1P 44 Description Production volume and assortment Economic sector: Added-value wood processing Products: Pellets, black pellets, edged board, squared timber; unedged board; deciduous sawlog, pulp wood, firewood.
    [Show full text]