El Maximato: Mito Y Realidad Del Poder Político En México
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The Mexican Revolution.Pdf
The Mexican Revolution How did Mexico achieve its independence? • Mexico achieved its independence from Spain in 1821 – Achieved with the help of men like Padre Morelos • Developed a constitution in 1824 similar to the US What problems did the new Mexican nation face? • Serious problems: – Issues with the Catholic Church – Issues over class / wealth – No experience with democracy – Issues with the US (“the Colossus of the North”) • Mexico also lacked a strong / honest leader Mexico’s Long Dictator History Mexico’s Issues with the Catholic Church Mexico’s Long History of the Poor General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Issues with Texas The Texas War for Independence The Alamo The Mexican War Los Niños Héroes Santa Anna’s Leg How did the wars with Texas and the United States effect Mexico? • The wars with Texas and the US caused much turmoil in the Mexican government – Constant disputes for power / revolts • Issues between the rich, poor, and the Church added to the chaos Who was Benito Juarez? • Benito Juarez was a reformer president – 1806-1872 • Background: – Born into a poor Indian family – Lawyer / Judge – Former governor • Wanted to help reform Mexico for the better How did Juarez reform Mexico for the better? • Juarez introduced a reform movement called “La Reforma” – Less power for the Church – Land reform for the poor – More education • Juarez’s political enemies rebelled – Civil war / foreign intervention (Europe) The Mexican War of Reform (1857-1861) French Intervention in the War / Conquest (1861-67) Mexican Emperor Maximilien Emperor -
Turmoil and Change in Mexico
4 Turmoil and Change in Mexico MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES REVOLUTION Political, Mexico has moved toward • Antonio López •Francisco economic, and social political democracy and is a de Santa Anna Madero inequalities in Mexico triggered strong economic force in the • Benito Juárez •“Pancho” Villa a period of revolution and Americas. •La Reforma •Emiliano reform. •Porfirio Díaz Zapata SETTING THE STAGE The legacy of Spanish colonialism and long-term polit- ical instability that plagued the newly emerging South American nations caused problems for Mexico as well. Mexico, however, had a further issue to contend with—a shared border with the United States. The “Colossus of the North,” as the United States was known in Latin America, wanted to extend its territory all the way west to the Pacific Ocean. But most of the lands in the American Southwest belonged to Mexico. TAKING NOTES Santa Anna and the Mexican War Comparing Use a chart to compare the major During the early 19th century, no one dominated Mexican political life more than accomplishments of the Antonio López de Santa Anna. Santa Anna played a leading role in Mexico’s Mexican leaders fight for independence from Spain in 1821. In 1829, he fought against Spain discussed in this section. again as the European power tried to regain control of Mexico. Then, in 1833, Santa Anna became Mexico’s president. Major Leader One of Latin America’s most powerful caudillos, Santa Anna was a clever Accomplishment politician. He would support a measure one year and oppose it the next if he thought that would keep him in power. -
The Cristero War and Mexican Collective Memory
History in the Making Volume 13 Article 5 January 2020 The Movement that Sinned Twice: The Cristero War and Mexican Collective Memory Consuelo S. Moreno CSUSB Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making Part of the Latin American History Commons Recommended Citation Moreno, Consuelo S. (2020) "The Movement that Sinned Twice: The Cristero War and Mexican Collective Memory," History in the Making: Vol. 13 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making/vol13/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in History in the Making by an authorized editor of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Articles The Movement that Sinned Twice: The Cristero War and Mexican Collective Memory By Consuelo S. Moreno Abstract: Many scattered occurrences in Mexico bring to memory the 1926-1929 Cristero War, the contentious armed struggle between the revolutionary government and the Catholic Church. After the conflict ceased, the Cristeros and their legacy did not become part of Mexico’s national identity. This article explores the factors why this war became a distant memory rather than a part of Mexico’s history. Dissipation of Cristero groups and organizations, revolutionary social reforms in the 1930s, and the intricate relationship between the state and Church after 1929 promoted a silence surrounding this historical event. Decades later, a surge in Cristero literature led to the identification of notable Cristero figures in the 1990s and early 2000s. -
Programa Para El Curso México, Economía Política Y Sociedad II
UEA: México, economía, política y sociedad 2 Clave de UEA: 1200006 Grupo: HBT04 Horario: Martes, jueves y viernes de 13:00 a 14:30 Nombre del profesor(a): Álvaro Vázquez Mantecón Correo electrónico institucional: [email protected] Plataforma de trabajo: CAMVIA (Moodle) [https://camvia.azc.uam.mx/] El programa detallado del curso y las actividades correspondientes y las modalidades de evaluación estarán en el aula virtual. Para obtener información de cómo darse de alta escribir un correo electrónico a la dirección institucional del profesor. Programa para el curso México, Economía Política y Sociedad II Alvaro Vázquez Mantecón Objetivos generales del curso: Se analizará el proceso de consolidación del Estado mexicano en los años posteriores a la revolución (1917-1970). De manera paralela, se verán algunos de los principales procesos experimentados por la sociedad mexicana de aquel tiempo (urbanización, modernización, industrialización, etcétera). Por último, el curso desarrollará una línea que describa la evolución de la cultura mexicana de aquel tiempo. Temario: 1.- Evaluación general de la revolución mexicana. La lucha por la consolidación del Estado después de 1917. 2.- La caída de Venustiano Carranza. El ascenso de los sonorenses al poder. El golpe final al zapatismo y al villismo. 3.- El afianzamiento de una cultura post-revolucionaria. José Vasconcelos al frente de la Secretaría de Educación Pública. El muralismo mexicano. 4.- La cultura popular mexicana en los años veinte. El auge del nacionalismo. 5.- Los gobiernos de Alvaro Obregón y Plutarco Elías Calles. La consolidación de una nueva manera de hacer política. La profesionalización del ejército. 6.- Transformaciones económicas en la década de los veinte. -
Juárez, Díaz, and the End of the "Unifying Liberal Myth" in 1906 Oaxaca John Radley Milstead East Tennessee State University
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2012 Party of the Century: Juárez, Díaz, and the End of the "Unifying Liberal Myth" in 1906 Oaxaca John Radley Milstead East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Latin American History Commons Recommended Citation Milstead, John Radley, "Party of the Century: Juárez, Díaz, and the End of the "Unifying Liberal Myth" in 1906 Oaxaca" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1441. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1441 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Party of the Century: Juárez, Díaz, and the End of the "Unifying Liberal Myth" in 1906 Oaxaca _____________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of History East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts of History _____________________ by John Radley Milstead May 2012 _____________________ Daniel Newcomer, Chair Brian Maxson Steven Nash Keywords: Liberalism, Juárez, Díaz ABSTRACT Party of the Century: Juárez, Díaz, and the End of the "Unifying Liberal Myth" in 1906 Oaxaca by John Radley Milstead I will analyze the posthumous one-hundredth birthday celebration of former Mexican president and national hero, Benito Juárez, in 1906 Oaxaca City, Mexico. -
Porfirian Influence on Mexican Journalism: an Enduring Legacy of Economic Control
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1987 Porfirian influence on Mexican journalism: An enduring legacy of economic control Steve Devitt The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Devitt, Steve, "Porfirian influence on Mexican journalism: An enduring legacy of economic control" (1987). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5085. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5085 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 Th is is an unpublished m a nu scr ipt in w hich c o pyr ig ht s u b s is t s . Any further r e p r in t in g of it s contents must be APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR. Ma n s f ie l d L ibrary Un iv e r s it y of Montana D a t e :____ 1_ THE PORFIRIAN INFLUENCE ON MEXICAN JOURNALISM: AN ENDURING LEGACY OF ECONOMIC CONTROL by Steve Devitt B.A., Eastern Montana College, 1971 Presented in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Journalism University of Montana 1987 Approved by Graduate School UMI Number: EP40549 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The. -
The Resilience of Mexico's
Mexico’s PRI: The Resilience of an Authoritarian Successor Party and Its Consequences for Democracy Gustavo A. Flores-Macías Forthcoming in James Loxton and Scott Mainwaring (eds.) Life after Dictatorship: Authoritarian Successor Parties Worldwide, New York: Cambridge University Press. Between 1929 and 2000, Mexico was an authoritarian regime. During this time, elections were held regularly, but because of fraud, coercion, and the massive abuse of state resources, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) won virtually every election. By 2000, however, the regime came to an end when the PRI lost the presidency. Mexico became a democracy, and the PRI made the transition from authoritarian ruling party to authoritarian successor party. Yet the PRI did not disappear. It continued to be the largest party in Congress and in the states, and it was voted back into the presidency in 2012. This electoral performance has made the PRI one of the world’s most resilient authoritarian successor parties. What explains its resilience? I argue that three main factors explain the PRI’s resilience in the aftermath of the transition: 1) the PRI’s control over government resources at the subnational level, 2) the post-2000 democratic governments’ failure to dismantle key institutions inherited from the authoritarian regime, and 3) voters’ dissatisfaction with the mediocre performance of the PRI’s competitors. I also suggest that the PRI's resilience has been harmful in various ways, including by propping up pockets of subnational authoritarianism, perpetuating corrupt practices, and undermining freedom of the press and human rights. 1 Between 1929 and 2000, Mexico was an authoritarian regime.1 During this time, elections were held regularly, but because of fraud, coercion, and the massive abuse of state resources, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) won virtually every election. -
Page 1 of 43 IB HL History Mr. Blackmon Mexican Revolution: The
IB HL History Mr. Blackmon Mexican Revolution: The Constructive Phase 1920-40 A Brief Sketch All quotes are from Meyer, Michael C. and Sherman, William L. The Course of Mexican History. 4th Ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. unless otherwise stated Event Date Significance Presidency of 1920-1924 His administration faced the post World War I depression. Alvaro Obregón Mexico was the 3rd largest producer of petroleum in the world. This will certainly not reduce US interest Obregón: José Vasconcelos institutes a vigorous program of rural education. His purpose (at this time) Education was to integrate the Indians into mainstream mestizo society, to incorporate them into a raza cósmica. (Meyer 572-3) Vasconcelos and Vasconcelos employed the Muralists– Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro the Muralists Siqueiros– to decorate buildings with works that would also educate. Obregón: Obregón could not enforce the complete secularization of education because he lacked the Education resources to dispense with the Church. To prevent himself from being perceived as pro-Church, he encouraged Protestant missionaries to enter the country. Page 1 of 43 Event Date Significance Obregón: Labor Obregón favored CROM over any other union organization. Morones chose to moderate his positions rather than risk being crushed. Membership rose from 50,000 in 1920 to 1,200,000 in 1924. (Meyer 575) Obregón: Obregón is cautious. He did not wish to disrupt the hacienda system. Redistribution of the land Agrarian Reform would result in reduced productivity, and he also wished to avoid that. Land redistribution is very modest: 3,000,000 acres. -
Redalyc.Extranjeros Indeseables En México (1911-1940). Una Aproximación Cuantitativa a La Aplicación Del Artículo 33 Constit
Historia Mexicana ISSN: 0185-0172 [email protected] El Colegio de México, A.C. México Yankelevich, Pablo Extranjeros indeseables en México (1911-1940). Una aproximación cuantitativa a la aplicación del artículo 33 constitucional Historia Mexicana, vol. LIII, núm. 3, enero-marzo, 2004, pp. 693-744 El Colegio de México, A.C. Distrito Federal, México Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=60053303 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto EXTRANJEROS INDESEABLES EN MÉXICO (1911-1940). UNA APROXIMACIÓN CUANTITATIVA A LA APLICACIÓN DEL ARTÍCULO 33 CONSTITUCIONAL Pablo YANKELEVICH* Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia LA REVOLUCIÓN MEXICANA TRASTOCÓ la imagen y el papel que las élites políticas habían asignado a los extranjeros a lo largo del siglo XIX. Un discurso marcadamente nacionalista, de contornos xenófobos en algunos segmentos de la dirigencia revolucionaria, se instaló en las prácticas cotidianas de una sociedad convulsionada por la guerra.1 Esos sentimientos de animadversión encontraron expresión en la Asamblea Constituyente de 1917, en la que un nacionalismo defensi- vo permeó las discusiones en torno a una serie de precep- Fecha de recepción: 6 de mayo de 2003 Fecha de aceptación: 3 de julio de 2003 * Deseo manifestar mi agradecimiento a Tomás Granados por su ge- nerosa ayuda en el diseño del modelo estadístico, a Paola Chenillo por su eficiente trabajo de localización y sistematización de fuentes docu- mentales, a Antonio Ibarra por la atenta lectura y sugerentes comenta- rios a las primeras versiones de este artículo, y a los dos dictaminadores anónimos de la revista Historia Mexicana, cuyas opiniones permitieron enriquecer la presente versión. -
The Mexican Journeys of William Jennings Bryan, a Good Neighbor
Nebraska History posts materials online for your personal use. Please remember that the contents of Nebraska History are copyrighted by the Nebraska State Historical Society (except for materials credited to other institutions). The NSHS retains its copyrights even to materials it posts on the web. For permission to re-use materials or for photo ordering information, please see: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/magazine/permission.htm Nebraska State Historical Society members receive four issues of Nebraska History and four issues of Nebraska History News annually. For membership information, see: http://nebraskahistory.org/admin/members/index.htm Article Title: The Mexican Journeys of William Jennings Bryan, A Good Neighbor Full Citation: Edward H Worthen, “The Mexican Journeys of William Jennings Bryan, A Good Neighbor,” Nebraska History 59 (1978): 484-500. URL of article: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/publish/publicat/history/full-text/NH1978BryanMexico.pdf Date: 1/6/2015 Article Summary: William Jennings Bryan visited Mexico in 1897, 1904, and 1922. Examining these trips in more detail illuminates his reactions to Mexican-American diplomacy during his tenure as U.S. secretary of state during the Wilson administration. Cataloging Information: Names: William H Prescott, General Lew Wallace, Mayne Reid, Matias Romer, Lawrence W Levine, Benito Juarez, Captain John Ayers, Jose Lopez-Portillo y Rojas, Santa Anna, Woodrow Wilson, Porfirio Diaz; Victoriano Huerta, Francisco I Madero, Henry Lane Wilson, Frank F Fletcher, Secretary McAdoo, Charles -
2015 Mexico Peace Index
ANALYZING THE CHANGING DYNAMICS OF PEACE IN MEXICO QUANTIFYING PEACE AND ITS BENEFITS The Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) is an independent, non-partisan, non-profit think tank dedicated to shifting the world’s focus to peace as a positive, achievable, and tangible measure of human well-being and progress. IEP achieves its goals by developing new conceptual frameworks to define peacefulness; providing metrics for measuring peace; and uncovering the relationships between business, peace and prosperity as well as promoting a better understanding of the cultural, economic and political factors that create peace. IEP has offices in Sydney, New York, Mexico City and Oxford. It works with a wide range of partners internationally and collaborates with intergovernmental organizations on measuring and communicating the economic value of peace. For more information visit economicsandpeace.org CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 02 HIGHLIGHTS 04 1 RESULTS AND FINDINGS 06 2015 Mexico Peace Index Ranking 06 Most and Least Peaceful States 10 Trends in Peace: 2003–2014 17 Verifying the Trend: is Violence Really Declining in Mexico? 22 Metropolitan Peace Index 27 2 POSITIVE PEACE IN MEXICO 38 The Pillars of Peace 39 Correlates of Peace 41 2015 Mexico Positive Peace Index 46 Positive Peace in the Last Decade 49 3 ECONOMIC VALUE OF PEACE IN MEXICO 53 Impact of Violence on Business 62 4 EXPERT CONTRIBUTIONS 66 The Adversarial System and the Peace Index in Mexico by Guillermo Zepeda Lecuona, Director, Jurimetria 66 Building the Foundations for Peace by María -
Crisis Y Cambio Del Sistema Politico En Mexico Y Estados Unidos Durante La Gran Depresion
CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DOCENCIA ECONÓMICAS, A.C. CRISIS Y CAMBIO DEL SISTEMA POLITICO EN MEXICO Y ESTADOS UNIDOS DURANTE LA GRAN DEPRESION TESINA QUE PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO DE LICENCIADO EN CIENCIA POLÍTICA Y RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES PRESENTA CHRISTOPHER SCHUBERT LETAYF DIRECTORA DE LA TESINA: ERIKA PANI MÉXICO, D.F. ENERO 2006 Quiero dedicar este trabajo a mis padres, los dos pilares de mi vida. No me alcanzaría todo el papel del mundo para expresarles mi agradecimiento por todo lo que han hecho por mí. Gracias por su apoyo incondicional, su amor y su confianza. A mis hermanos y familiares, por todo su cariño y sus consejos. A Erika, por su paciencia y apoyo a lo largo de este proyecto. A mis lectores, Luis Barrón y Alejandro Posadas, por estar siempre dispuestos a ayudar, así como a Antonio Ortiz Mena y Nacho Marván, por sus útiles comentarios y sugerencias. A los profesores y directivos que hicieron de mi estancia en el CIDE una de las mejores etapas de mi vida. Gracias por su enseñanza y su apoyo. A mis amigos, por todos los buenos momentos que hemos vivido juntos a lo largo de mi vida estudiantil. A todos gracias por creer en mí. Índice Introducción 2 I. Una crisis de amplitud sin precedentes A. La debacle en EE.UU. 9 B. México: la crisis en una economía periférica 10 II. Efectos y cambios institucionales A. El New Deal de Roosevelt 14 B. Cambios de legislación en el Maximato y el sexenio cardenista 21 III. Los poderes judiciales durante los gobiernos de Roosevelt y Cárdenas A.