Evidence and Policy Summer School 2018 Programme
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Suspension Bridge Corner, Seventh and Main Streets 3 I-- ' O LL G OREGON CITY, OREGON
OREGON CITY ENTERPRISE, FRIDAY, APRIL 14, l!0o. (LflDTmOTTD On , Cheapest place in Oregon to buy Dry-goods- Clothing, Suspension Bridge Corner, Seventh and Main Sts. Boots, Shoes, Hats, Furnishing Goods, Etc., Etc. OREGON CITY, OREGON A. "WORD JUDICIOUS ' BUYERS Conccyning Spring and Summer Goods. Out special effort for the Spring Season is to TO increase the purchasing power of yof Dollar with the Greatest values ever afforded for your money." We are determined to convince the public more and more that out store is the best place to trade. We want yoar trade constantly and regularly when- ever the future finds you needing anything in out tine. Yog can always get the lowest prices for first class goods from ts Unbleached Muslin Art Denims and Cretonnes Dress Goods Notions, Etc. 36 inch wide, best LL, per yard, 5c. Art denims, 36 inch wide, per yard, 15e. Our line of dress goods for the Spring and Clark's O. N. T. spool cotton, 6 spools for 25o 36 inch wide, best Cabot W, per yard, 6y2c. Cretonnes, figured, oil finish, per yard, 8c. Summer of 1905 is a wonderful collection San silk, 2 spools for 5c. ' Twilled heavy, per yard, 10c. of elegant designs and fabrics of the newest Bone crochet hooks, 2 for 5c. Bleached Muslins and most popular fashions for the coming Knitting needles, set, 5c. season. Prices are uniformly low. Besf Eagle pins, 5c paper. Common quality, per yard, 5c. Silkoline 34 inch wide cashmere per yard 15c. Embroidery silk, 3 skeins for 10c. Medium grade, per yard, 7c. -
Science-Based Target Setting Manual Version 4.1 | April 2020
Science-Based Target Setting Manual Version 4.1 | April 2020 Table of contents Table of contents 2 Executive summary 3 Key findings 3 Context 3 About this report 4 Key issues in setting SBTs 5 Conclusions and recommendations 5 1. Introduction 7 2. Understand the business case for science-based targets 12 3. Science-based target setting methods 18 3.1 Available methods and their applicability to different sectors 18 3.2 Recommendations on choosing an SBT method 25 3.3 Pros and cons of different types of targets 25 4. Set a science-based target: key considerations for all emissions scopes 29 4.1 Cross-cutting considerations 29 5. Set a science-based target: scope 1 and 2 sources 33 5.1 General considerations 33 6. Set a science-based target: scope 3 sources 36 6.1 Conduct a scope 3 Inventory 37 6.2 Identify which scope 3 categories should be included in the target boundary 40 6.3 Determine whether to set a single target or multiple targets 42 6.4 Identify an appropriate type of target 44 7. Building internal support for science-based targets 47 7.1 Get all levels of the company on board 47 7.2 Address challenges and push-back 49 8. Communicating and tracking progress 51 8.1 Publicly communicating SBTs and performance progress 51 8.2 Recalculating targets 56 Key terms 57 List of abbreviations 59 References 60 Acknowledgments 63 About the partner organizations in the Science Based Targets initiative 64 Science-Based Target Setting Manual Version 4.1 -2- Executive summary Key findings ● Companies can play their part in combating climate change by setting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets that are aligned with reduction pathways for limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C or well-below 2°C compared to pre-industrial temperatures. -
Semantic Foundation of Diagrammatic Modelling Languages
Universität Leipzig Fakultät für Mathematik und Informatik Institut für Informatik Johannisgasse 26 04103 Leipzig Semantic Foundation of Diagrammatic Modelling Languages Applying the Pictorial Turn to Conceptual Modelling Diplomarbeit im Studienfach Informatik vorgelegt von cand. inf. Alexander Heußner Leipzig, August 2007 betreuender Hochschullehrer: Prof. Dr. habil. Heinrich Herre Institut für Medizininformatik, Statistik und Epidemologie (I) Härtelstrasse 16–18 04107 Leipzig Abstract The following thesis investigates the applicability of the picto- rial turn to diagrammatic conceptual modelling languages. At its heart lies the question how the “semantic gap” between the for- mal semantics of diagrams and the meaning as intended by the modelling engineer can be bridged. To this end, a pragmatic ap- proach to the domain of diagrams will be followed, starting from pictures as the more general notion. The thesis consists of three parts: In part I, a basic model of cognition will be proposed that is based on the idea of conceptual spaces. Moreover, the most central no- tions of semiotics and semantics as required for the later inves- tigation and formalization of conceptual modelling will be intro- duced. This will allow for the formalization of pictures as semi- otic entities that have a strong cognitive foundation. Part II will try to approach diagrams with the help of a novel game-based F technique. A prototypical modelling attempt will reveal basic shortcomings regarding the underlying formal foundation. It will even become clear that these problems are common to all current conceptualizations of the diagram domain. To circumvent these difficulties, a simple axiomatic model will be proposed that allows to link the findings of part I on conceptual modelling and formal languages with the newly developed con- cept of «abstract logical diagrams». -
The British Linen Trade with the United States in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings Textile Society of America 1990 The British Linen Trade With The United States In The Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries N.B. Harte University College London Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf Part of the Art and Design Commons Harte, N.B., "The British Linen Trade With The United States In The Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries" (1990). Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings. 605. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf/605 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Textile Society of America at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. -14- THE BRITISH LINEN TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES IN THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES by N.B. HARTE Department of History Pasold Research Fund University College London London School of Economics Gower Street Houghton Street London WC1E 6BT London WC2A 2AE In the eighteenth century, a great deal of linen was produced in the American colonies. Virtually every farming family spun and wove linen cloth for its own consumption. The production of linen was the most widespread industrial activity in America during the colonial period. Yet at the same time, large amounts of linen were imported from across the Atlantic into the American colonies. Linen was the most important commodity entering into the American trade. This apparently paradoxical situation reflects the importance in pre-industrial society of the production and consumption of the extensive range of types of fabrics grouped together as 'linen*. -
Coronavirus Control Plan: Revised Alert Levels in Wales (March 2021) Coronavirus Control Plan: Revised Alert Levels in Wales 2
Coronavirus Control Plan: Revised Alert Levels in Wales (March 2021) Coronavirus Control Plan: Revised Alert Levels in Wales 2 Ministerial Foreword The coronavirus pandemic has turned all our lives upside down. Over the last 12 months, everyone in Wales has made sacrifices to help protect themselves and their families and help bring coronavirus under control. This is a cruel virus – far too many families have lost loved ones, and unfortunately, we know that many more people will fall seriously ill and sadly will die before the pandemic is over. But the way people and communities have pulled together across Wales, and followed the rules, has undoubtedly saved many more lives. We are now entering a critical phase in the pandemic. We can see light at the end of the tunnel as we approach the end of a long and hard second wave, thanks to the incredible efforts of scientists and researchers across the world to develop effective vaccines. Our amazing vaccination programme has made vaccines available to people in the most at-risk groups at incredible speed. But just as we are rolling out vaccination, we are facing a very different virus in Wales today. The highly-infectious variant, first identified in Kent, is now dominant in all parts of Wales. This means the protective behaviours we have all learned to adopt are even more important than ever – getting tested and isolating when we have symptoms; keeping our distance from others; not mixing indoors; avoiding crowds; washing our hands regularly and wearing face coverings in places we cannot avoid being in close proximity with each other. -
System for Electrochemical Analysis and Visualization
An Object Orïented Infrastructure for the Development of a Computer Modeling System for Electrochemical Analysis and Visualization by Eric Marcuzzi A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research through the School of Computer Science in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirernents for the Degree of Master of Science at the Univers@ of Windsor Windsor, Ontario, Canada 1997 National Library Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services senrices bibliographiques 395 WelliStreet 395. rue Wellmgton OttayiliaON K1A ON4 OttawON K1AW carlada canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loaq distriiute or sell reproduire, prêter, distncbuer ou copies of this thesis in microfonn, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor subsîantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. O Eric Marcuzzi 1997 ABSTRACT In this thesis a partial system design and implementation for a computer modelhg system, the VPMS (Vimial Proto-ping, Modelling and Simulation) system. which supports exteiisibility, reusability, distributivity and openness, is presented. This system identifies and cornpartmentahes modelling system functionaliry, such as numerical modelling and scientific visualization. -
Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe New Perspectives on Modern Jewish History
Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe New Perspectives on Modern Jewish History Edited by Cornelia Wilhelm Volume 8 Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe Shared and Comparative Histories Edited by Tobias Grill An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org ISBN 978-3-11-048937-8 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-049248-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-048977-4 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Grill, Tobias. Title: Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe : shared and comparative histories / edited by/herausgegeben von Tobias Grill. Description: [Berlin] : De Gruyter, [2018] | Series: New perspectives on modern Jewish history ; Band/Volume 8 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018019752 (print) | LCCN 2018019939 (ebook) | ISBN 9783110492484 (electronic Portable Document Format (pdf)) | ISBN 9783110489378 (hardback) | ISBN 9783110489774 (e-book epub) | ISBN 9783110492484 (e-book pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Jews--Europe, Eastern--History. | Germans--Europe, Eastern--History. | Yiddish language--Europe, Eastern--History. | Europe, Eastern--Ethnic relations. | BISAC: HISTORY / Jewish. | HISTORY / Europe / Eastern. Classification: LCC DS135.E82 (ebook) | LCC DS135.E82 J495 2018 (print) | DDC 947/.000431--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018019752 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. -
Models: Bringing Real-World Phenomena to School
BACK TO SCHOOL 2020 Models: Bringing Real-World Phenomena to School Whether learning in a physical or virtual classroom, using models helps students understand real-world phenomena— like COVID-19—and solve problems related to phenomena. hanks in large part to the power of model-based science, we are in a far better place than any generation “Tbefore us to deal successfully and efficiently with a pandemic of this scale.” That statement about the COVID-19 pandemic is from Rachael L. Brown, director of the Centre for Philosophy of the Sciences, Australian National University (Brown 2020). It highlights the value of scientific modeling in making complex issues that impact the world easier to understand— to define, quantify, and visualize. Modeling is a key process for both scientists and engineers. Models represent a system (or parts of a system) and its interactions—such as inputs, processes, and outputs—and can be modified or refined with new evidence or new test results. • Scientists use models to help develop questions and explanations, generate data that can be used to make predictions, and communicate ideas to others (NSTA 2014). • Engineers use models to help analyze a system to see where or under what conditions flaws might develop or to test possible solutions to a program (NSTA 2014). Carolina Biological Supply Company A meteorologist gathers data at an observation station. For example, an epidemiology-driven machine- in activities—including creating models—they learning model is just one of the models are better equipped to share their knowledge, developed to predict the spread of COVID-19 engineer solutions to problems that arise from (UCLA Samueli Newsroom 2020). -
THE ROLE of CARTOGRAPHY in DESIGNING a GLOBAL SAMPLING FRAMEWORK for Envmonmental MONITORING
ORAL PRESENTATION 314 THE ROLE OF CARTOGRAPHY IN DESIGNING A GLOBAL SAMPLING FRAMEWORK FOR ENVmONMENTAL MONITORING A. Jon Kimerling Denis White Department Of Geosciences Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331 USA Abstract Environmental monitoring and assessment is becoming a global activity as our concern with and understanding of global scale environmental issues increases. Additionally, international economic agreements such as GATT and NAFTA now include environmental compliance regulations. Scientists at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and similar organizations in other countries are now asking cartographers and GIS experts if there exist global geographical data structures that will allow optimal implementation of survey sample designs, modeling of environmental processes, analyses of sampling and related data, and display of results. In this paper we examine the role that cartographers in the' United States have played in the development of global grid sampling frameworks for environmental monitoring and analysis, an EPA sponsored activity .. First and foremost, cartographers have played a lead role in devising ways to define a set of regularly arranged sampling points covering the entire earth. The problem is to approximate as closely as possible a regularly spaced sampling grid. This is because not more than 12 points, the vertices of an icosahedron projected onto a sphere, can be placed on the earth equidistantly. One approach has been to model the earth as a polyhedral globe, with each face of the polyhedron being a map projection surface that optimizes the generation of a large set of approximately reguhirly spaced sampling points. Equal area and other projections have been developed for the faces of the octahedron and icosahedron. -
Environments of Intelligence
Environments of Intelligence “An absorbing volume that integrates an extraordinarily wide area of work, with interesting observations and new twists right to the end.” Ruth Millikan, University of Connecticut, USA What is the role of the environment, and of the information it provides, in cognition? More specifically, may there be a role for certain artefacts to play in this context? These are questions that motivate “4E” theories of cognition (as being embodied, embedded, extended, enactive). In his take on that family of views, Hajo Greif first defends and refines a concept of information as primarily natural, environmen- tally embedded in character, which had been eclipsed by information-processing views of cognition. He continues with an inquiry into the cognitive bearing of some artefacts that are sometimes referred to as “intelligent environments”. With- out necessarily having much to do with Artificial Intelligence, such artefacts may ultimately modify our informational environments. With respect to human cognition, the most notable effect of digital computers is not that they might be able, or become able, to think but that they alter the way we perceive, think and act. Hajo Greif teaches at the Munich Center for Technology in Society (MCTS), Technical University of Munich, Germany, and the Department of Philosophy, University of Klagenfurt, Austria. His research interests cover the philosophy – and some of the history and the social studies – of science and technology, as well as the philosophy of mind. History and Philosophy of Technoscience Series Editor: Alfred Nordmann For a full list of titles in this series, please visit www.routledge.com 1 Error and Uncertainty in Scientific Practice Marcel Boumans, Giora Hon and Arthur C. -
Hunting Shirts and Silk Stockings: Clothing Early Cincinnati
Fall 1987 Clothing Early Cincinnati Hunting Shirts and Silk Stockings: Clothing Early Cincinnati Carolyn R. Shine play function is the more important of the two. Shakespeare, that fount of familiar quotations and universal truths, gave Polonius these words of advice for Laertes: Among the prime movers that have shaped Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy, But not expressed infancy; history, clothing should be counted as one of the most potent, rich not gaudy; For the apparel oft proclaims the man.1 although its significance to the endless ebb and flow of armed conflict tends to be obscured by the frivolities of Laertes was about to depart for the French fashion. The wool trade, for example, had roughly the same capital where, then as now, clothing was a conspicuous economic and political significance for the Late Middle indicator of social standing. It was also of enormous econo- Ages that the oil trade has today; and, closer to home, it was mic significance, giving employment to farmers, shepherds, the fur trade that opened up North America and helped weavers, spinsters, embroiderers, lace makers, tailors, button crack China's centuries long isolation. And think of the Silk makers, hosiers, hatters, merchants, sailors, and a host of others. Road. Across the Atlantic and nearly two hundred If, in general, not quite so valuable per pound years later, apparel still proclaimed the man. Although post- as gold, clothing like gold serves as a billboard on which to Revolution America was nominally a classless society, the display the image of self the individual wants to present to social identifier principle still manifested itself in the quality the world. -
Spatial Analysis, Modelling and Planning
Edited by Jorge Rocha and José António Tenedório Spatial Analysis, Modelling and Planning New powerful technologies, such as geographic information systems (GIS), have been evolving and are quickly becoming part of a worldwide emergent digital infrastructure. Spatial analysis is becoming more important than ever because enormous volumes of Spatial Analysis, spatial data are available from different sources, such as social media and mobile phones. When locational information is provided, spatial analysis researchers can use it to calculate statistical and mathematical relationships through time and space. Modelling and Planning This book aims to demonstrate how computer methods of spatial analysis and modeling, integrated in a GIS environment, can be used to better understand reality and give rise to more informed and, thus, improved planning. It provides a comprehensive discussion of Edited by Jorge Rocha and José António Tenedório spatial analysis, methods, and approaches related to planning. ISBN 978-1-78984-239-5 Published in London, UK © 2018 IntechOpen © eugenesergeev / iStock SPATIAL ANALYSIS, MODELLING AND PLANNING Edited by Jorge Rocha and José António Tenedório SPATIAL ANALYSIS, MODELLING AND PLANNING Edited by Jorge Rocha and José António Tenedório Spatial Analysis, Modelling and Planning http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74452 Edited by Jorge Rocha and José António Tenedório Contributors Ana Cristina Gonçalves, Adélia Sousa, Lenwood Hall, Ronald Anderson, Khalid Al-Ahmadi, Andreas Rienow, Frank Thonfeld, Nora Schneevoigt, Diego Montenegro, Ana Da Cunha, Ingrid Machado, Lili Duraes, Stefan Vilges De Oliveira, Marcel Pedroso, Gilberto Gazêta, Reginaldo Brazil, Brooks C Pearson, Brian Ways, Valentina Svalova, Andreas Koch, Hélder Lopes, Paula Remoaldo, Vítor Ribeiro, Toshiaki Ichinose, Norman Schofield, Fred Bidandi, John James Williams, Jorge Rocha, José António Tenedório © The Editor(s) and the Author(s) 2018 The rights of the editor(s) and the author(s) have been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.