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Water Resources of Hawaii 1909-1911

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Water Resources of Hawaii 1909-1911 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DlRECTOB WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII 1909-1911 PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF M. 0. LEIGHTON BY W. F. MARTIN AND C. H. PIERCE o = i ';, -; CQ> 3 -cc -7; tr, -; pu * J ?; '' ^ yK- *^^ r «; *--i fe ^ fJS WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1913 CONTENTS. Page. Authority for investigations................................................. 11 Cooperation and acknowledgments......................................... 12 Purpose and scope of invstigations........................................... 15 Field methods for measuring stream flow.................................... 16 Base data.............................................................. 16 Weir measurements................................................... 17 Velocity-area method ................................................. 19 Definition of terms......................................................... 23 Convenient equivalents.................................................... 25 Office methods of computing and studying discharge and run-off.............. 26 Explanation of tables....................................................... 29 Accuracy and reliability of field data and comparative results................ 31 Gaging stations maintained in Hawaii...................................... 32 Island of Kauai............................................................ 36 General features....................................................... 36 Waimea River basin.................................................... 39 General features................................................... 39 Waimea River near Waimea....................................... 40 Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea..................................... 43 Waikoali Stream near Waimea..................................... 48 Mohihi Stream near Waimea........................................ 52 Waialae Stream near Waimea...................................... 56 Kekaha ditch at intake near Waimea............................... 59 Kekaha ditch at flume No. 3, near Waimea .......................... 62 Kekaha ditch at siphon, near Waimea ............................... 63 Kekaha ditch at weir, below tunnel No. 12, near Waimea............. 64 Waimea ditch near Waimea......................................... 67 Kamenehune ditch near Waimea. ..................*................ 68 Makaweli River basin.................................................. 70 General features................................................... 70 Makaweli River near Waimea...................................... 70 Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 12 near Makaweli........................ 71 Poowaiomahaihai ditch near Waimea................................ 75 Hanapepe River basin.................................................. 76 General features................................................... 76 Hanapepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele..................... 77 Hanapepe River at Koula, near Eleele.............................. 78 Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele..................... 81 Hanapepe ditch at Koula near Eleele................................ 82 Hanapepe ditch at weir near Makaweli.............................. 85 Hiloa Stream at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele......................... 86 Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele.......................... 87 Hanamaulu River..................................................... 88 Hanamaulu River at Kapaia, near Lihue ............................ 88 3 4 CONTENTS. Island of Kauai Continued. Page. Wailua River basin.................................................... 90 General features................................................... 90 South Fork of Wailua River at siphon, near Lihue .................. 91 South Fork of Wailua River above Waiehu Falls.................... 94 Lihue ditch near Lihue............................................. 95 Hanamaulu ditch near Lihue....................................... 98 North Fork Wailua River near Lihue............................... 101 Kanaha ditch near Lihue.......................................... 105 Konohiki and Kaehulua Stream basins................................. 106 Weir stations near Kapaa.......................................... 106 Kapaa River basin..................................................... Ill General features................................................... Ill Kapaa River at Kapahi, near Kapaa ................................ Ill Akulikuli Springs near Kapaa....................................... 114 Kapahi ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa............................... 115 Tunnel ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa................................ 118 Kapaa ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa................................. 121 Pipe ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa.................................. 123 Kaneha ditch at Kaneha, near Kealia........................... ^... 125 Anahola River basin.................................................... 128 General features................................................... 128 Anahola River above dam at Kiokala, near Kealia.................... 129 Anahola River at Kiokala dam, near Kealia......................... 130 Anahola ditch at Kiokala, near Kealia............................... 132 Anahola ditch at Makai weir, near Kealia............................ 135 Hanalei River basin .................................................... 137 General features................................................... 137 Hanalei River near Hanalei......................................... 138 China ditch near Hanalei............................................ 138 Wainiha River basin................................................... 139 General features................................................... 139 Wainiha River at power house, near Wainiha........................ 139 Wainiha canal at intake, near Wainiha ............................. 139 Wainiha canal at tunnel No. 18, near Wainiha ....................... 141 Wainiha canal at tailrace, near Wainiha ............................ 142 Miscellaneous measurements on Kauai Island............................ 143 Pumped water on Hfeuai .............................................. 144 Island of Oahu............................................................. 145 General features....................................................... 145 Palolo Stream basin.................................................... 148 General features................................................... 148 Waiomao Stream at 950-foot elevation, near Honolulu................ 149 Waiomao Stream above Pukele Stream, near Honolulu................ 149 Miscellaneous measurements........................................ 151 Manoa Stream basin.................................................... 152 General features................................................... 152 Manoa Stream at upper end of valley, near Honolulu................ 152 Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii, near Honolulu.................. 155 Manoa Stream at Waialae Road, near Honolulu...................... 157 Miscellaneous measurements........................................ 159 Pauoa Stream basin................................................... 160 General features................................................... 160 Pauoa Stream in Pauoa Valley, near Honolulu....................... 160 Miscellaneous measurements........................................ 162 CONTENTS. 5 Island of Oahu Continued. Page. Nuuanu Stream basin.................................................. 163 General features................................................... 163 Nuuanu Stream at Kuakini Street, Honolulu......................... 163 Lulumaho ditch in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu.................. 164 Luakaha weir in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu..................... 166 Miscellaneous measurements........................................ 168 Kalihi Stream basin.................................................... 168 Kaukonahua Stream basin............................................. 169 General features. t ................................................. 169 South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiawa................... 169 North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiawa................... 170 Wahiawa reservoir ditch near Wahiawa.............................. 171 Waianae Stream basin................................................. 173 Kaipapau Stream basin................................................ 173 Kaipapau Stream near Hauula...................................... 173 Kaluanui Stream basin................................................. 174 Kaluanui Stream near Hauula..................................... 3 74 Miscellaneous measurements........................................ 175 Punaluu Stream basin.................................................. 176 Punaluu Stream near Hauula...................................... 176 Miscellaneous measurements........................................ 176 Kahana Stream basin................................................... 177 Waikane Stream basin................................................. 177 Waiahole Stream basin................................................. 178 General features................................................... 178 Waiahole Stream at Manianiaula near Waikane....................... 178 Waiahole Stream at Waiahole near Waikane......................... 180 Waihi Stream near Waikane....................................... 181 Halona Stream near Waikane......................................
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