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Water Resources of Hawaii 1912

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Water Resources of Hawaii 1912 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 336 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII 1912 BY C. H. PIERCE AND G. K. LARRISON WASHINGTON GOVEBNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1914 CONTENTS. Page. Authority for investigations................................................. 9 Cooperation................................................................ 10 Scope of work............................................................. ^ 10 Field methods of measuring stream flow..................................... 11 Base data.............................................................. 11 Weir measurements................................................... 11 Velocity-area method................................................... 12 Definition of terms......................................................... 16 Convenient equivalents.................................................... 18 Office methods of computing and studying discharge and run-off.............. 19 Explanation of tables....................................................... 22 Accuracy and reliability of field data and comparative results................. 24 Division of work.......................................................... 24 Gaging stations maintained in Hawaii...................................... 25 .Geography of the Hawaiian Islands. .\...................................... 29 Station records............................................................ 34 Island of Kauai........................................................ 34 Waimea River basin................................................ 34 ' Waimea River near Waimea, Kauai............................ 34 , Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, Kauai.......................... 35 Waiakoali Stream near Waimea, Kauai......................... 37 Mohihi Stream near Waimea, Kauai............................. 38 Waialae Stream near Waimea, Kauai............................ 39 Kekaha ditch at camp No. 1, near Waimea, Kauai................ 40 Kekaha ditch at flume No. 2, near Waimea, Kauai.............. 42 Kekaha ditch at siphon near Waimea, Kauai ................... 42 Kekaha ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Waimea, KauaL............. 43 Waimea ditch near Waimea, Kauai.............................. 45 Kamenehune ditch near Waimea, Kauai......................... 47 Makaweli River basin...........................................;. 48 Makaweli River near Waimea, Kauai........................... 48 Halekua Stream near Waimea, Kauai........................... 50 Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Makaweli, Kauai........... 50 Olokele ditch at weir near Waimea, Kauai..................... 52 Poowaiomahaihai ditch near Waimea, Kauai....... ........... 53 Hanapepe River basin............................................ 55 East Branch of Hanapepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai...................................................... 55 Hanapepe Biver at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai................... 55 Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai.......... 57 Hanapepe ditch at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai................... 59 Hanapepe ditch at weir near Hanapepe, Kauai .............. 60 Hanapepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai.......... 62 Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Fails, near Eleele, Kauai............... 62 3 4 CONTENTS. Station records Continued. Island of Kauai Continued. Page. Huleia Eiver basin................................................ 63 Huleia River near Lihue, Kauai............................... 63 Hanamaulu Eiver basin........................................... 64 Hanamaulu River at Kapaia, near Lihue, Kauai ............... 64 Wailua Eiver basin ............................................... 66 South. Fork of Wailua Eiver above Waiehu Falls, near Lihue, Kauai...................................................... 66 Lihue ditch near Lihue, Kauai.................................. 68 Hanamaulu ditch at siphon near Lihue, Kauai................... 70 North Fork of Wailua Eiver near Lihue, Kauai.................. 71 Uhau lole Stream at 750-foot elevation near Lihue, Kauai....... 73 East Branch of North Fork of Wailua Eiver, near Lihue, Kauai.. 74 Keahua Stream at 750-foot elevation near Lihue, Kauai......... 75 Kawi Stream at 750-foot elevation near Lihue, Kauai............. 75 Kanaha ditch at intake, near Lihue, Kauai..................... 76 Konohiki Stream basin............................................. 77 Konohiki Stream at Makakualele mauka weir, near Kapaa, Kauai. 77 Konohiki Stream at Makakualele makai weir, near Kapaa, Kauai.. 78 Kaehulua Stream basin............................................ 79 North Fork of Kaehulua Stream at Kainahola weir, near Kapaa, Kauai...................................................... 79 Kaehulua Stream at Kuhinoa weir, near Kapaa, Kauai........... 80 South Fork of Kaehulua Stream at Wainamuamu weir, near Kapaa, Kauai...................................................... 81 Kapaa Eiver basin................................................. 82 Kapaa Eiver at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai..................... 82 Akulikuli Spring at weir near Kapaa, Kauai.................... 84 Kapahi ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai.................... 85 Kaneha ditch, at weir near Kealia, Kauai...................... 86 Anahola Eiver basin................................................ 87 Anahola Eiver at 1,140-foot elevation near Kealia, Kauai........ 87 Anahola Eiver above dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kauai........ 88 Anahola ditch at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kauai.................... 89 Kalihiwai Eiver basin.............................................. 90 Kalihiwai Eiver near Kilauea, Kauai........................... 90 Hanalei Eiver basin............................................... 91 Hanalei Eiver near Hanalei, Kauai............................ 91 China ditch near Hanalei, Kauai............................... 92 Kuna ditch near Hanalei, Kauai............................... 93 Lumahai Eiver basin.............................................. 95 Lumahai Eiver near Wainiha, Kauai........................... 95 Wainiha Eiver basin............................................... 95 Wainiha Eiver near Wainiha, Kauai........................... 95 Wainiha canal at intake, near Wainiha, Kauai.................... 97 Miscellaneous measurements on Kauai in 1912........................ 98 Pumped water on Kauai............................................. 99 Ditch seepage and losses on Kauai.... J.............................. 99 Island ofOahu........................................................ 100 Palolo Stream basin................................................ 100 Waiomao Stream at 900-foot elevation near Honolulu, Oahu...... 100 Waiomao Stream above Pukele Stream, near Honolulu, Oahu.... It2u Pukele Stream at Mahoe Springs, near Honolulu, Oahu..........' 10% . CONTENTS. .5 Station records Continued. Island of Oahu Continued. Page. Manoa Stream basin................................................ 106 Manoa Stream at upper end of valley near Honolulu, Oahu...... 106 Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii near Honolulu, Oahu........ 108 Manoa Stream at Waialae road, near Honolulu, Oahu............ 108 Pauoa Stream below Kahuawai Spring near Honolulu, Oahu...... 109 Kahuawai Spring near Honolulu, Oahu......................... 110 Nuuanu Stream basin.................................. ..........i. Ill Nuuanu Stream at Kuakini Street, Honolulu, Oahu.............. Ill Lulumaho ditch in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, Oahu........ 113 Luakaha weir in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, Oahu.......... 115 Waikane Stream basin............................................. 116 Waikane Stream near Waikane, Oahu........................... 116 Waiahole Stream basin............................................. 117 Waiahole Stream at Manianiaula, near Waikane, Oahu.......... 117 Waiahole Stream at Waiahole, near Waikane, Oahu.............. 119 Kahanaiki Stream near Waimanalo, Oahu ...................... 121 Zaihm Stream near Waimanalo, Oahu........................... 122 Pohakea Stream near Waimanalo, Oahu......................... 122 Kamakalepo Stream near Waimanalo, Oahu ................... 123 Kaimi Stream near Waimanalo, Oahu........................... 124 Makawao Stream near Waimanalo, Oahu....................... 124 Makawao ditch near Waimanalo, Oahu ........................ 125 Wong Leong ditch near Waimanalo, Oahu ..................... 125 Waimanalo ditch below reservoir near Waimanalo, Oahu......... 126 Pump ditch near Waimanalo, Oahu ............................ 127 Miscellaneous measurements on Oahu in 1912....................... 128 Artesian wells..................................................... 128 Island of Maui......................................................... 129 West Maui........................................................ 129 Kahakuloa Stream basin....................................... 129 Kahakuloa Stream at Kahakuloa, near Waihee, Maui........ 129 Waihee Stream basin.......................................... 130 Waihee Stream at dam near Waihee, Maui.................. 130 Waihee canal near Waihee, Maui........................... 132 Waihee canal at weir near Wailuku, Maui..................... 133 Spreckels ditch near Waihee, Maui........................ 134 Waiehu Stream basin.......................................... 135 North Waiehu Stream near Waihiku, Maui................. 135 South Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, Maui................. 136 lao Stream basin............................................. 137 lao Stream near
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