DOCSLIB.ORG

Post-Soviet States Two Decades of Transition & Transformation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Post-Soviet States Two Decades of Transition & Transformation Post-Soviet States Two Decades of Transition & Transformation Post-Soviet States Two Decades of Transition & Transformation Editors Ajay Patnaik Tulsiram KNOWLEDGE WORLD KW Publishers Pvt Ltd New Delhi 2011 BEST PUBLISHERS AWARD (ENGLISH) KNOWLEDGE WORLD KW Publishers Pvt Ltd 4676/21, First Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002 Email: [email protected] Tel.: +91.11.23263498/43528107 www.kwpub.com All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing. ISBN 978-93-81904-20-6 © 2012, Ajay Patnaik and Tulsiram Published by Kalpana Shukla, KW Publishers Pvt Ltd 4676/21, First Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002 Printed and bound in India Contents Contributors ix Introduction xiii Section I Understanding Transition and Transformation in Post-Soviet States 1. Continuity and Change in Russia 3 James V. Wertsch 2 Transition to Uncertainty: The Dynamics of Post-Communist Politics 15 R.R. Sharma 3. Transforming the Post-Soviet Space: Customs Union and Eurasian Integration 23 Ajay Patnaik 4. Models in Transition: The Turkish Model and Central Asia Twenty Years After 31 Anita Sengupta 5. The Russian Perspective of Post-Soviet Transformation: Some Dimensions and Problems 51 A.K. Alikberov Section II Economic and Political Transformation 1. Energy and Economy of Russia 61 R.G.Gidadhubli 2. Republic of Belarus: Economic Transition and Transformation 71 Viachaslau Menkouski 3 What are the effects of 2007-09 Global Economic Crises on Turkmenistan’s Economy 77 Sofiya Yuvshanova vi POST-SOVIET states: TWO DECADES OF TRANSITION & TRANSFOrmatiON 4. Foreign Investments in The Economic Development of Tajikistan 87 Gafur Rasulov 5. Globalisation and Labour Mobility in Uzbekistan: A Study in Changes and Challenges 97 Tareq Ahmad Rather 6. Uzbekistan: Impediments in Democratic Transition 105 Tabasum Firdous Section III Nation and State-Building 1. Unification of the Mongolian Historic and Cultural Community in the Context of Post-Soviet Political Reality 115 M. Baldano and V. Mitpov 2. Ethnicity and Culture in Contemporary Crimea 127 Preeti D. Das 3. Human Resource Management System in Oil and Gas Industry of Kazakhstan 135 Senymgul Dossova 4. Historical Memory and State-Building in Ukraine 151 Lesia Parno 5. National Identity and Culture-Ideological Aspects of Integration in Central Asian Region 161 Kamilla Sheryazdanova 6. From ‘Militia’ to Police in Russia: Overcome Crisis of Civil Distrust 169 Yacov Samodelkin 7. Newspeak of Post-Soviet Time: Grammar and Politics 173 Lilia Katseva Section IV Society, Culture and Identity 1. Andrei Volos and Hurramabad: The Dynamics of Russian-Tajik Relations 181 Rashmi Doraiswamy CONTENTS vii 2. Urban-Rural Relations in the Transition Period: The Case of an Animal Bazaar in Kyrgyzstan 189 İlhan Şahin 3 Two Decades of Transformation in Higher Education System of Kazakhstan 201 Bek-Ali Yerzhan 4 Siberia and Far East Facing Economic Migrants: The Outcomes of the First Decade of the 21st Century 207 Natalia Ablazhey 5. Roerich Movement in Post-Sovet Epoch: Problems and Dynamics of Development 213 Natalia R. Kravchenko and Vladimir Zaitsev 1 6. Literature and Problems of National Independence of Post-Soviet Era 219 Alexander Katsev Section V Changing Geopolitics of Eurasia: Strategic Dimensions 1. Kyrgyzstan Between Mistakes and Misfortune 225 P. L. Dash 2. The Potential and Problems of Caucasia 237 Bariş Doster 3 Oil and Gas Factor in the Foreign Policy of Kazakhstan 247 N. Aldabek and K. Gabdullin 4 Energy and Democracy: What role for the EU in Central Asia? 257 Vanessa Boas 5 Geopolitics of the Caspian Sea in the Civilisational Dimension: The Factor of Religion (Buddhism) 271 Baatr U. Kitinov Section VI Neighbours and External Relations 1 Turkey-Russian Relations in the Post-Soviet Era: Opportunities and Obstacles 285 Cüneyt Akalın viii POST-SOVIET states: TWO DECADES OF TRANSITION & TRANSFOrmatiON 2 Cross-Border Cooperation of Russia and Kazakhstan: Problem Area and/or Bridge to the Common Future? 299 Evgeny Vodichev 3 Transformation of Central Asia and the European Union Relations 307 Mirzokhid Rakhimov 4 The Main Directions of Foreign Policy of Kazakhistan 321 Saniya Nurdavletova 5 Azerbaijan-India Relations: History and Modernity 333 Aliyev Bahman Fazil n Contributors Prof. James V. Wertsch Marshall S. Snow Professor in Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, USA Prof. R.R. Sharma Former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Jammu, and former Dean of School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) Prof. Ajay Patnaik Professor and current Chairperson, Centre for Russian & Central Asian Studies, (CRCAS), School of International Studies, JNU, New Delhi Dr. Anita Sengupta Fellow, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Institute of Asian Studies, Kolkata Dr. Alikber Alikberov Head, Central Eurasian Research Centre (CERC), Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Prof. R.G.Gidadhubli Adjunct Professor, Centre for Central Eurasian Studies, University of Mumbai Prof. Viachaslau Menkouski Department of History, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus Sofiya Yuvshanova, Census Manager, UNFPA/UNICEF/UNHCR, Turkmenistan, Ashgabat Dr. Gafur RASULOV Deputy Head of Main Department - Head of Department of the development of industries and an infrastructure sectors of the Ministry of economic development and trade of the Republic of Tajikistan Dr. Tareak Ahmad Rather Sr. Assistant Professor, Centre of Central Asian Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar x POST-SOVIET states: TWO DECADES OF TRANSITION & TRANSFOrmatiON Dr Tabasum Firdous Sr. Assistant Professor, Center of Central Asian Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar Prof. Marina Baldano Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan Ude, Buryat Republic, Russian Federation Victor Mitypov Consultant, Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Buryatia, Ulan Ude, Russian Federation Dr. Preeti D. Das Assistant Professor, Centre for Russian &Central Asian Studies (CRCAS), JNU Senymgul Dossova Senior lecturer, Faculty of Oriental Studies, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Lesia Parno Junior research fellow, Situation Modeling Agency, Kieven region, Ukraine Dr. Kamilla Sheryazdanova Assistant professor of the External Policy and Diplomacy Department, Institute of Diplomacy, Academy of Public Administration under the President of Kazakhstan, Astana Dr. Yakov Samodelkin Chief of research group in NGO “ The Centre for human and political technologies” in Novouralsk, Sverdlovsk region, Russia Lilia Katseva teaches at Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Prof. Rashmi Doraiswamy Professor, Academy of International Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi Prof. Ilhan Shahin Professor, Faculty of Letters, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Dr. Bek-Ali Yerzhan Senior lecturer, Informational Technologies University, Almaty, Kazakhstan AUTHOR BIO xi Prof. Natalia Ablazhey Dean, Department of Journalism, Novosibirsk State National Research University, Russia Natalie Romanoff Kravchenko Research scholars at the National Museum, New Delhi Vladimir Zaitsev Research scholars at the National Museum, New Delhi Prof. Alexander Katsev teaches at Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Prof. P. L. Dash Former Director Central Eurasian Area Studies Programme, University of Mumbai Dr. Baris Doster Associate Professor, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Nurzhamal A. Aldabek Professor and Vice-rector of Kazakh State Woman University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Kenzhebek Gabdullin Lecturer, Faculty of Oriental studies, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Vanessa Boas Research Scholar, University of Cologne, Universität zu Köln, Jean Monnet Lehrstuhl, Germany Dr. Baatr U. Kitinov Associate Professor, Department of the World History, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Moscow, Russia Dr. Eyup Cüneyt Akalýn Marmara University, Faculty of Communications, Istanbul, Turkey Prof. Evgeny Vodichev Chief Researcher and a Head of the Centre for Analysis and Expertise, Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch. xii POST-SOVIET states: TWO DECADES OF TRANSITION & TRANSFOrmatiON Dr. Mirzokhid Rahimov Head of Department, Contemporary history and international studies, Institute of History, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Saniya Nurdavletova Lecturer of International Relations Department, Kazakh National University named al-Farabi, Almaty, Kazakhstan Dr. Aliyev Bahman Fazil Lecturer at the Regional Studies Department, Azerbaijan University of Languages, Baku, Azerbaijan n Introduction Ajay Patnaik and Tulsiram Since their independence in 1991, the former Soviet Republics have gone through difficult transition processes to achieve cultural, economical and political transformations. Diverse internal dynamics have produced diverse outcomes for the countries and peoples of the former Soviet space. While there are different results of transition, there are also similarities due to many common concerns and expectations. The Eurasian region’s geopolitical context has also changed dramatically with greater diversity. There are a number of factors and actors pulling these countries in different directions, making the geopolitical diversity even more
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stlčka Slla Nastojala Da Flzlčkl Istrgne /Z Tela Mog Rodnog Grada
    DuŠan JELIĆ KRATAK PREGLED ISTORIJE SUBOTICKIH JEVREJA I NJIHOVOG DOPRINOSA RAZVOJU GRADA Ovo delo posvećujem subotlčklm Jevrejlma koje je okrutna faši- stlčka slla nastojala da flzlčkl Istrgne /z tela mog rodnog grada. Medutlm, ta slla je blla nemoćna pred njlhovlm stvaralačklm duhom koji žlvl kroz nlegov neprekldan materljalnl I kulturnl us- pon, I kojl će trajatl dok žlvl moj grad. Autor Ne možete unlStltl kulturu tako lako kao Sto možete unlStltl čoveka. Isak BaSevlc Slnger UVODNE NAPOMENE DO DANAS nije napisana nljedna celovlta istorlja subotičkih Jevreja. Ova mono- graflja je skraćena verzija mnogo opšlrriijeg dela koje je u rukoplsu, a nosi naslov Prllog za Jzučavanje subotlčklh Jevreja I njlhovog doprlnosa razvoju grada. 0 su- botičklm Jevrejlma plsanl su isključlvo necelovltl-, fragmentarn! I usko tematskl delovi iz opsežne, svestrane I njihove srazmerno duge delatnostl I života. 1. U velikoj dvotomnoj IstorlJI Subotice' Ištvana Ivanjlja štampana su poglavlja: Jevrejski narod (Zsidok nćpesćge), Crkvena opština (Hitkozsćg) I Jevrejska škola (A zsldoiskola). U Istom delu se još na nekollko mesta pominju Jevreji u okviru ostalih tematsklh poglavlja. 2. Dr Imre Vldor Je naplsao Jednu, po svemu sudećl kraću verziju istorije subo- tičklh Jevreja (sada Izgubljenu) čtjl su pojedlni delovl objavljeni u Mađarsko-fev- rejskom lekslkonu* I subotlčkom jevrejskom llstu »Szombat« (br. 21-22/1925), kao i »Jevrejskom almanahu«, IV,® a možda I još negde. 3. Laslo Flšer je 1955—56. godlne41 2* objavio u »Jevrejskom almanahu« kraći pregled »Jevrejstvo Bačke« u kome se u stvarl razmatra Istorija subotičkih Jevreja. 1 latvdn Iv6nyl, Szabadka szabad klrđ!yl vđroa tdrtdnete (Istorl/o slobodnog kraljovakog grada Subotlce), ] tom, Subotlca 1886; II tom, Subotlca 1892.
    [Show full text]
  • Program of the Forum
    0 DAY 1 DECEMBER 4, 2017 Project 28.11.2017 "REFERENCE ZONES: REGIONAL MODELS AND ____________ THE ROLE OF THE STATE" December, 4 10.00-12.00 PLENARY SESSION ________________ Hall 3 In 2017 the Russian Government approved a new version of the state program “Social and Economic Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation” and also a draft federal law "On Supporting Development Zones in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation" is under development. It is assumed that the main mechanism for the development of the Arctic region will be the support zones, which envisage the development of the territory as an integral project on the principle of ensuring the interconnection of all sectoral activities at the planning, goal-setting, financing and realization stages. Implementation of pilot projects for the direct creation of support zones is scheduled for 2018-2020, and their operation for 2021-2025. Within the framework of the plenary session, it is planned to discuss the readiness of the Arctic regions to launch and operate the reference zones, as well as coordinate the activities of federal and regional authorities in this process. Issues for discussion: Presentation of the project of the Kola support zone Presentation of the project of the Archangelsk support zone Presentation of the project of the Nenets support zone Presentation of the project of the Yamalo-Nenets support zone Presentation of the project of the Vorkuta support zone Presentation of the project of the Taimyr-Turukhansk support zone Presentation of the project
    [Show full text]
  • Corruption in Russia: Reasons for the Growth
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 336 5th International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 19) Corruption in Russia: Reasons for the Growth V.V. Moiseev I. V. Goncharova Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev Shukhov Orel, 302026, Russia Belgorod, 308012, Russia [email protected] G. S. Chuvardin Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev Orel, 302026, Russia Abstract—The scale of increased corruption in Russia is such Council did not bring tangible results, since its composition that it began to threaten the national security of our country. was practically no longer assembled, and soon it was abolished, This conclusion belongs not only to the authors of this article, without becoming a viable political institution. who have been conducting research in this field for a long time, but also to the head of state, who recently signed a special Pursuant to the President’s instructions, a special directive on national security. The main goal of the authors of the commission of the State Duma was created to prepare article was to show why corruption in Russia acquired such a proposals for amending existing legislation in order to enhance wide scope, what reasons contributed to its growth in 2000-2019. legal mechanisms to combat corruption. However, a legal In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following main mechanism to combat corruption was not created in 2000-2008: questions were identified: 1) showing the increase in the scale and the State Duma twice passed a law on combating corruption, level of corruption in the country in 2000-2019; 2) to analyze the and both times, President Vladimir Putin rejected it, using the causes of weak anti-corruption in Russia; 3) showing the role of right of veto.
    [Show full text]
  • Governing the Arctic
    Arctic Review on Law and Politics Peer-reviewed article Vol. 10, 2019, pp. 190–216 Governing the Arctic: The Russian State Commission for Arctic Development and the Forging of a New Domestic Arctic Policy Agenda Helge Blakkisrud Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) Abstract After a period of relative neglect in the 1990s and early 2000s, the Arctic is back on the agenda of the Russian authorities. To ensure efficient coordination and implementation of its Arctic strategy, the government in 2015 established a State Commission for Arctic Development. It was to serve as a platform for coordinating the implementation of the government’s ambitious plans for the Arctic, for exchange of information among Arctic actors, and for ironing out interagency and interregional conflicts. Based on a case study of the State Commission for Arctic Devel- opment, this article has a twofold goal. First, it explores the current Russian domestic Arctic agenda, mapping key actors and priorities and examining the results achieved so far. Second, it discusses what this case study may tell us the about policy formulation and implementation in Russia today. We find that while the government’s renewed focus on the Arctic Zone has yielded some impressive results, the State Commission has been at best a mixed success. The case study demonstrates how, in the context of authoritarian modernization, the Russian government strug- gles to come up with effective and efficient institutions for Arctic governance. Moreover, the widespread image of a Russian governance model based on a strictly hierarchic “power vertical” must be modified. Russia’s Arctic policy agenda is characterized by infighting and bureaucratic obstructionism: even when Putin intervenes personally, achieving the desired goals can prove difficult.
    [Show full text]
  • Man Is Indestructible: Legend and Legitimacy in the Worlds of Jaroslav Hašek
    Man Is Indestructible: Legend and Legitimacy in the Worlds of Jaroslav Hašek The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Weil, Abigail. 2019. Man Is Indestructible: Legend and Legitimacy in the Worlds of Jaroslav Hašek. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42013078 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use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
    [Show full text]
  • Advocating for Israel: History, Tools and Tips a Message from the Baltimore Jewish Council: TABLE of CONTENTS
    Advocating for Israel: History, Tools and Tips A Message from the Baltimore Jewish Council: TABLE OF CONTENTS The publication of this guide, Advocating for Israel: History, Tools and Tips, provides an opportunity for Introduction those who support Israel to become more involved in advocating on its behalf. It is designed for those who are becoming politically active for the first time, as well as seasoned Israel supporters. Event Timeline…………………………………………………………………………………………...2 While many people have traveled to Israel, attended lectures, and/or read about the country, there are Israel: Background…………………………………………………………………………………...….7 many who are not aware or comfortable with the process of advocacy. The purpose of this guide is to help bridge that gap. Key Words and Common Terms About Israel………………………………..………………………. 9 This guide was not created for a “one-time” event; it is a resource that can sit in your home, office, Understanding Israel’s Government…………………………...………………………………………11 classroom, or backpack and may be referred to at any time. Israel: Some Facts………………………….……………………………………………………………13 Information in this guide was developed from a variety of publications and web-based sources. We have Advocating for Israel………………...………………………………………………………...........…14 made every effort to confirm the veracity of the facts presented. Writing a Letter to Your Representative………………………………………………………………..15 To become more involved in Israel advocacy, please contact the Baltimore Jewish Council at Meeting With Officials………………………………………………………………………………….17 410-542-4850
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Army, 4 June 1916
    Russian Army 4 June 1916 Northwest Front: Finland Garrison: XLII Corps: 106th Infantry Division 421st Tsarskoe Selo Infantry Regiment 422nd Kolpino Infantry Regiment 423rd Luga Infantry Regiment 424th Chut Infantry Regiment 107th Infantry Division 425th Kargopol Infantry Regiment 426th Posinets Infantry Regiment 427th Pudozh Infantry Regiment 428th Lodeyinpol Infantry Regiment Sveaborg Border Brigade 1st Sveaborg Border Regiment 2nd Sveaborg Border Regiment Estonia Coast Defense: 108th Infantry Division 429th Riizhsk Infantry Regiment 430th Balksy Infantry Regiment 431st Tikhvin Infantry Regiment 432nd Baldaia Infantry Regiment Revel Border Brigade 1st Revel Border Regiments 2nd Revel Border Regiments Livonia Coast Defense: I Corps 22nd Novgorod Infantry Division 85th Vyborg Infantry Regiment 86th Wilmanstrand Infantry Regiment 87th Neschlot Infantry Regiment 88th Petrov Infantry Regiment 24th Pskov Infantry Division 93rd Irkhtsk Infantry Regiment 94th Yenisei Infantry Regiment 95th Krasnoyarsk Infantry Regiment 96th Omsk Infantry Regiment III Corps 73rd Orel Infantry Division 289th Korotoyav Infantry Regiment 290th Valuiisk Infantry Regiment 291st Trubchev Infantry Regiment 292nd New Archangel Infantry Regiment 5th Rifle Division (Suwalki) 17th Rifle Regiment 18th Rifle Regiment 19th Rifle Regiment 20th Rifle Regiment V Siberian Corps 1 50th St. Petersburg Infantry Division 197th Lesnot Infantry Regiment 198th Alexander Nevsky Infantry Regiment 199th Kronstadt Infantry Regiment 200th Kronshlot Infantry Regiment 6th (Khabarovsk) Siberian
    [Show full text]
  • Corruption in Russia
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Schulze, Günther G.; Suharnoko Sjahrir, Bambang; Zakharov, Nikita Working Paper Corruption in Russia Discussion Paper Series, No. 22 Provided in Cooperation with: Department of International Economic Policy (iep), University of Freiburg Suggested Citation: Schulze, Günther G.; Suharnoko Sjahrir, Bambang; Zakharov, Nikita (2013) : Corruption in Russia, Discussion Paper Series, No. 22, University of Freiburg, Department of International Economic Policy (iep), Freiburg This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/86176 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der
    [Show full text]
  • Renewed Circassian Mobilization in the North Caucasus 20-Years After the Fall of the Soviet Union
    Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Vol 11, No 2, 2012, 103-135 Copyright © ECMI 21 December 2012 This article is located at: http://www.ecmi.de/publications/detail/issue-22012-vol-11-254/ Renewed Circassian Mobilization in the North Caucasus 20-years after the Fall of the Soviet Union Lars Funch Hansen* University of Copenhagen The renewed ethnic mobilization among Circassians in the North Caucasus region in Russia that has unfolded since the latter half of the 2000s is illustrated by the establishment of new civil society organizations and a substantially increased number of internet-based initiatives. All of this reflects a new and increased form of agency and unity among the Circassians in which youth activism has played key role. It also illustrates how Circassian civil society actors and cyber-activists have not only been able to establish a counter-public sphere or develop a new space for action, but also increasingly have been able to move key issues from Circassian spheres into the wider public sphere of mainstream Russian media and politics. The upcoming 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, in particular, has functioned as a lever in this process, which has also resulted in increasing support among Circassians for calls for recognition of the nineteenth century forced expulsion of the majority of the Circassians from the Caucasus as an act of genocide. In this manner, a mega-event such as the Sochi Olympics has contributed to generating a more radical or politicized understanding or framing of the Caucasian exodus that, since the fall of the Soviet Union, has generally been known as “our national tragedy”.
    [Show full text]
  • On Strategies for Combating Corruption in Russia
    On Strategies for Combating Corruption in Russia VITALY A. NOMOKONOV T he scale and scope of corruption in Russia are well known, and most observers agree that a new approach to fighting corruption is needed. In early 1998, the government newspaper, Rossiiskaya Gazeta, published a draft of a gov- ernment anticorruption program, but it was blocked by Russian president Boris Yelstin. Now, while the state Duma debates two different strategies for combat- ing corruption, the absence of a definite program still harms the country.' For years, the highest echelons of power in the country have seemed neither ready nor willing to combat the dangerous phenomenon of corruption. The rea- son for this is no secret here or even abroad. American legislators view Russian President Boris Yeltsin and his circle as a corrupt clan, occupied primarily with their own survival.2 Russian crime statistics illustrate the growth in crimen of corruption. In 1998, the number of cases of taking and giving bribes increased by 6 percent, misuse of power by 9.8 percent, and illegal participation in enterprise activity by 32 per- cent. According to Ministry of Internal Affairs data for 1999, the number of cases of bribery by public officials increased by 18.3 percent last year, while the num- ber of cases of "commercial bribery"-bribery by officers of non-state organiza- tions-increased by 26.9 percent. The second half of 1999 was marked by enor- mous scandals tied to the publication by international media of numerous details of money laundering through the Bank of New
    [Show full text]
  • The Changkufeng and Nomonhan Incidents – the Undeclared Border War and Its Impact on World War Ii
    University of Texas at El Paso DigitalCommons@UTEP Open Access Theses & Dissertations 2014-01-01 The hC angkufeng And Nomonhan Incidents - The Undeclared Border War And Its Impact on World War II Tobias Block University of Texas at El Paso, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, Military History Commons, Slavic Languages and Societies Commons, and the Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Commons Recommended Citation Block, Tobias, "The hC angkufeng And Nomonhan Incidents - The ndeU clared Border War And Its Impact on World War II" (2014). Open Access Theses & Dissertations. 1588. https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd/1588 This is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UTEP. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UTEP. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE CHANGKUFENG AND NOMONHAN INCIDENTS – THE UNDECLARED BORDER WAR AND ITS IMPACT ON WORLD WAR II TOBIAS BLOCK DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY APPROVED: __________________________________________ Joshua Fan, Ph.D., Chair __________________________________________ Paul Edison, Ph.D. __________________________________________ Jose Villalobos, Ph.D. __________________________________ Bess Sirmon-Taylor, Ph.D. Interim Dean of the Graduate School THE CHANGKUFENG AND NOMONHAN INCIDENTS - THE UNDECLARED BORDER WAR AND ITS IMPACT ON WORLD WAR II by Tobias Block, BA Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at El Paso in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department Of HISTORY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS OF EL PASO May 2014 Table of Contents Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • The Russian Civil War
    Reds! RULEBOOK © 200 Rodger MacGowan TheREDS! Russian Civil War, 98-92 Table of Contents . Introduction ................................................ 2 3. City, Sea and Resource Control ................. 13 2. Components ................................................ 2 4. Reinforcements and Replacements ............ 14 3. Game Set-up ............................................... 3 5 Poland ......................................................... 14 4. How to Win ................................................ 4 6. The Makhno Partisans ................................ 15 5. Sequence of Play ........................................ 4 7. Nationalist Garrisons .................................. 15 6. Initiative and Random Events .................... 5 8. Allied Withdrawal ....................................... 16 7. Activation and the Action Phase ................ 5 9. Winter ......................................................... 16 8. Zones of Control ........................................ 6 20. Special Units and Markers .......................... 16 9. Stacking ...................................................... 7 Strategy Notes ................................................... 19 0. Movement .................................................. 8 Design Notes ..................................................... 20 11. Combat ....................................................... 10 Historical Overview .......................................... 2 2 Supply and Rally ........................................ 12 Expanded
    [Show full text]