Section 6. Quashnet Woods State Reservation
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The Quashnet River runs through the heart of Quashnet Woods State Reservation. (See Appendix G for photo information.) SECTION 6. QUASHNET WOODS STATE RESERVATION 6.1. INTRODUCTION Recognizing that protection of water quality and fish habitat requires watershed protection, the Six main streams flow into Waquoit Bay; the largest Commonwealth purchased 336 acres of stream is the Quashnet River (Keay 2000, Louis Berger corridor and adjacent uplands. This property, Group, Inc. 2010). It originates at John’s Pond in Quashnet Woods State Reservation (i.e., Quashnet Mashpee and flows southward to the bay. As it Woods), is contiguous with and north of, the WMA. enters Falmouth its name changes to the Moonakis Quashnet Woods is jointly owned and managed by River. The Quashnet’s main source of water is the DFW and the DCR; the former responsible for springs from the Sagamore Lens of the Cape Cod the riverbanks and the latter responsible for the rest SSA. of the property. It has expanded in size since Protection of the Quashnet River Valley is an established, and is part of a larger conservation extension of decades of efforts to protect the river’s landscape in Falmouth and Mashpee. (Figure 6.1) fish. The Quashnet’s cold waters historically The creation of Quashnet Woods reflects an supported populations of sea-run brook trout (i.e., increased emphasis on protecting Waquoit Bay by salters), herring, and eels (Keay 2010). As early as protecting the rivers and streams that flow into the 1864, restrictions were placed on the taking of bay. Other recent watershed protection efforts salters from the Quashnet (Chapter 150 of the Acts include acquisitions along the Childs River in of 1864). In the 1950s, the Massachusetts Division Falmouth, and the acquisition of streamside of Fisheries and Game, later the Division of properties associated with WBNERR (Section 3) Fisheries and Wildlife (DFW), stocked brook trout and South Cape Beach (Section 4). (Mullan 1958) and began acquiring property along the river to protect their habitat. This established the Quashnet River Wildlife Management Area (WMA); additional acreage was added in the late 1980s. 6-1 Childs River PropertyCarriage Jobs Fishing Shop Road Road Childs River Parsons Lane Shellback Way 0 200 400 Feet Quashnet Woods Drive 28 Industrial Drive Quashnet River Dover Road North Quashnet Woods Road Grafton Phinney Pocknet Property Saddleback Drive Road Cashs Trail Meadow Spring Great Hay Road Stanhope Road 28 Quashnet Cranberry Run Road River WMA House Garage Martin Road 0 500 1,000 Feet Building Marsh Quashnet Woods State Reservation Parking Area Salt Marsh Open Water Figure 6.1. Major Road Quashnet Woods State Reservation Minor Road 0 500 1,000 Other Protected Open Space Hydrologic Connection Feet Geographic information provided by MassGIS and DCR GIS. 6-2 Quashnet Woods State Reservation Quashnet Woods’ physical, political, and regulatory 6.2. NATURAL RESOURCES attributes are summarized below. (Table 6.1.1) Fisheries studies have been conducted in the Table 6.1.1. Physical, political, and regulatory settings Quashnet River since at least the late 1940s; this of Quashnet Woods and associated properties. information is available from MassWildlife. There are few other sources of information on Quashnet Setting Name or Metric Woods and the watershed lands’ natural resources. Location: Falmouth, Mashpee Area (acres)a: 468.09 Physical Features a Perimeter (miles) : 8.15 Quashnet Woods and the associated watershed b Landscape Designation(s) : Woodlands, Reserve properties are located on an outwash plain that Legislative Districts: slopes gently toward the south and east. House Third Barnstable Senate Plymouth and Barnstable Elevations along the Quashnet River range from Cape and Islands approximately 10 feet near Route 28 to Regulatory Designations: Priority Habitat approximately 20 feet at the northern end of Quashnet Woods. Elevations reach approximately 50 Waquoit Bay ACEC feet to both the east and west of the river valley; Outstanding Resource there are numerous depressions in the uplands. The Waters - Waquoit Bay ACEC Phinney property is approximately 50 feet above sea level and nearly level. The North Quashnet property Waquoit Historic District has the highest elevations, ranging from 50-90 feet; a. Calculated using a Geographic Information System (GIS). b. For a summary of the DCR’s landscape designations, see it slopes westward toward the Quashnet River. http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dcr/ld/ld-factsheet-final.pdf. Elevations at the Childs River parcel range from approximately 10 to 30 feet, with the topography Associated Properties. Three additional properties sloping from both the east and west toward the river are included in this section: the Phinney property, bottom. North Quashnet Woods, and the Childs River property. None are contiguous with Quashnet Water Resources Woods. These properties, along with Quashnet Quashnet Woods and the watershed lands have the Woods State Reservation, were acquired to protect greatest length of rivers and streams of any property the quality and quantity of water flowing into in the Complex. A summary of these resources is Waquoit Bay. All are located north of Route 28. provided in Table 6.2.1. Throughout this section they are collectively referred to as the watershed properties. (See Figure 1.1 for Table 6.2.1. Water resources of Quashnet Woods and locations of these properties.) associated properties. Water Resource Name or Metric • Phinney Property. Located in Falmouth, west Watershed: Cape Cod of Stanhope Road; 10 acres. Aquifer: Cape Cod SSA • North Quashnet Woods. Located on Boghouse Lens n/a Road, Mashpee; 27 acres. Rivers and Streams (miles) 1.28 • Childs River. This property consists of two parcels located on the river, south of Carriage Vernal Pools Certified (#) 3 Shop Road, Falmouth; 19 acres. Cranberries Potential (#) 0 were once farmed on portions of this property. Wetlands (acres) 35.62 The watershed properties are administered from the Lakes and Ponds (acres) 0.0 WBNERR headquarters as part of the National Estuarine Research Reserve. Other properties in the reserve include WBNERR (Section 3), South Cape Beach (Section 4), and Washburn Island (Section 5). 6-3 Quashnet Woods State Reservation The Quashnet and Childs river valleys are predicted Table 6.2.3. State-listed species of Quashnet Woods to be impacted by flooding and storm surge. (Table and associated properties, as identified by 6.2.2) the NHESP. d Table 6.2.2. Potential impacts of flooding, hurricane c inundation, and sea level rise to Quashnet Speciesa, b Woods and associated properties. Type MESA Barrens buckmoth I SC Type of Impact Acres % Eastern box turtle R SC Flooding: a. Presented alphabetically, by common name. 100-year Storm 32.46 6.93 b. Fact sheets are available at: a 500-year Storm 41.80 8.93 http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/dfg/dfw/natural- Hurricane Inundation: heritage/species-information-and-conservation/mesa-list/list-of- rare-species-in-massachusetts.html. Category 1 Stormb 2.56 0.55 b c. Types of state-listed species include: I = Insect; and R = Reptile. Category 2 Storm 12.72 2.72 b d. Status of species listed under the Massachusetts Endangered Category 3 Storm 51.58 11.02 Species Act (MESA): E = Endangered, SC = Special Concern; Category 4 Stormb 68.07 14.54 and T = Threatened. Sea Level Rise 0.00 0.00 a. Cumulative value; includes 100-year storm impacts. Priority Habitat b. Cumulative value; includes impacts of all lower category storms. Approximately half of Quashnet Woods and the Approximately 3,800 feet of the Quashnet River associated properties (52.02% ) are Priority Habitat. Valley is predicted to be impacted by a 100-year This includes the entire southern half and the storm. Much of the Childs River parcel will be powerline corridor to the north. Almost all of the impacted by a 100-year storm; nearly the entire Phinney and North Quashnet properties (greater than parcel will be affected by a 500-year storm. 97% each) are also Priority Habitat. None of the Childs River parcel has been so designated. Inundation models predict no impacts to Quashnet Woods State Reservation from Category 1 or 2 Vegetation storms. A Category 3 storm is predicted to inundate There have been no comprehensive surveys of the nearly the entire river valley within the park. vegetation. However, it is not predicted to impact the Martin Road parking lot or adjacent buildings. Invasive Species In contrast, a Category 1 hurricane is predicted to Five species of invasive or likely invasive plants impact portions of the Childs River parcel, with a have been incidentally observed. (Table 6.2.4) They Category 2 storm inundating almost the entire are located adjacent to the Martin Road parking lot. property. There is no infrastructure on the parcel to An unidentified honeysuckle is associated with the be impacted by these storms. former residence on Martin Road; it is potentially invasive. The projected one-foot rise in sea level will not affect any of the properties. However, the River restoration efforts in the 1970s involved the temperature of coldwater rivers, such as the introduction of a highly invasive plant, reed canary Quashnet, are highly vulnerable to climate change grass (Keay 2000). A 1984 article on the restoration (Manomet and DFW 2010). efforts described the shores “as covered by three- foot-high canary grass” (Berger 1984, in Keay Rare Species 2000). The current distribution of this plant within State-listed Species the park is unknown. There are two known state-listed species. (Table 6.2.3) One candidate for federal listing, the New England Cottontail, also occurs in the park. 6-4 Quashnet Woods State Reservation Table 6.2.4. Known invasive and likely invasive plants huckleberry, lowbush blueberry, eastern teaberry, of Quashnet Woods and associated northern bayberry, and unidentified ferns in the properties.