DOCSLIB.ORG

The Rise of the Islamic Movement in Sudan 1945-1989

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Rise of the Islamic Movement in Sudan 1945-1989 THE RISE OF THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN SUDAN 1945-1989 Except where reference is made to the work of others, the work described in this dissertation is my own or was done in collaboration with my advisory committee. This dissertation does not include proprietary or classified information. ______________________________________ Mustafa A. Abdelwahid Certificate of Approval: ________________________________ ________________________________ James A. Nathan Jill Crystal, Chair Professor Professor Political Science Political Science _______________________________ _______________________________ Lee A. Farrow Linda Dennard Associate Professor Associate Professor History Political Science and Public Administration ______________________________________ Joe F. Pittman Interim Dean Graduate School THE RISE OF THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN SUDAN 1945-1989 Mustafa A. Abdelwahid A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, AL May 10, 2008 THE RISE OF THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN SUDAN 1945-1989 Mustafa A. Abdelwahid Permission is granted to Auburn University to make copies of this dissertation at its discretion, upon request of individuals or institutions and at their expense. The author reserves all publication rights. ________________________________ Signature of Author ________________________________ Date of Graduation iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT THE RISE OF THE ISLAMIC MOVEMNET IN SUDAN 1945-1989 Mustafa A. Abdelwahid Doctor of Philosophy, May 10, 2008 (M.L.I.S., University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, 2003) (B.A., University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2000) (L.L.M., Baku State University, 1993) 262 Typed Pages Directed by Jill Crystal Using a wider theoretical framework and recognizing the gaps that exist in studying political Islam, this study utilized Social Movement Theory (SMT) in examining the rise of the Islamic Movement in Sudan (1945-1989). Social Movement Theory (SMT) can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the Islamic movement in Sudan by exploring the Movement’s understudied mechanisms of contention and successful expansion, including liberal ideology toward adapting Islam to contemporary life, progressive views on the role of women in public life, organizational structure, recruitment among students, women, workers, military personnel and merchants, development of economic institutions, media utilization, and tactical consideration in the use of violence and accommodation. iv The rising influence of the Islamic Movement in Sudan was made possible by several factors that include: the liberal views of its leader Hasan al-Turabi whose charisma and liberal anti-elite views played a major role in changing the Movement from an elite-centered to a more popular political movement. The Movement’s changing views on women’s role in public life also played a significant role in enhancing its position among educated women in Sudan, the Movement’s innovative organizational structure and recruitment strategies among students, military personnel, and trade union members played a significant role in strengthening Movement presence among these groups. Also, the emergence of Islamic economic institutions such as Faisal Islamic Bank (FIB) fostered the political landscape in the country in favor of the Movement. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Jill Crystal, chair of my dissertation committee for her constant support, patience, and encouragement throughout my graduate studies. This dissertation could not have been written without her. Special thanks also to my doctoral committee-- Dr. James Nathan, Dr. Lee Farrow, Dr. Linda Dennard, and Dr. Anne Permaloff, for their invaluable feedback and advice. There are numerous academic colleagues who helped along the way. They include: Dr. William Crowther at University of North Carolina at Greensboro, his monitoring guided me through my educational journey in the United States. Special thanks to Carolyn Clark from Auburn Avenue Research Library on African American Culture and History (AARL) for her continuous assistance in editing this dissertation and to Akilah Nosakhere, Manager of the Reference Division at (AARL) for her support and for providing the needed time and space to complete this dissertation. I am also deeply indebted to my family in Sudan: my parents for their unconditional love and support, especially my mother for encouraging my academic journey from Sudan to the former Soviet Union to the United States and for supplying all necessary Arabic materials from the Sudan and Egypt. Finally, I wish to express my appreciation to my small family, my wife, Nagla and my children, Osman, Azza, and Reem, whose tremendous love and caring of support in every possible way at every stage of my research, cannot be overstated. vi Style manual of journal used: Chicago Manual Style, 15th edition Computer software used: Microsoft Word 2003 vii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL ISLAM AND LITRATURE REVIEW …………...........……………………………...1 • Introduction ………………………………...........………………………………..1 • Organization of the Study ………………… .........………………………………13 • Literature Review………………………….........………………………………..15 Introduction …………………………….........……………………………....15 Islam and Politics………………………….........…………………………....15 What is political Islam? ………………… ........……………………………..16 The Socio-economic and Political School …… ........………………………..21 The Cultural-Religious School………………… ........……………………....29 The Islamic Movement in Sudan: A Literature Review…. ........………….....35 CHAPTER II. METHODOLOGY………………………….........…………………......47 • Introduction………………………………………….........……………………...47 • The Modernization Explanations …………………….........…………………….48 • The Socio-economic Political Explanations...………… .........…………………..52 • The Gramscian Approach …………………………… .........…………………....54 • Toward an Alternative Approach …………………….........………………….....56 • Research Questions ………………………………….........……………………..63 CHAPTER III. SUDAN: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND………… ........……………68 • Introduction ………………………………………………….........……………..68 • Early History ………………….………………………………….........………...68 • The Funj Sultanate (1504-1820) ……………………………… .........………......70 • The Fur Sultanates (1596-1879 and 1899-1916)…………… .........………….....72 • Turco-Egyptian Rule (1821-1885) …………………………..........……………..73 • The Mahadia State (1885-1898)…..………………………… .........…………….75 • Anglo-Egyptian Condominium (1899-1955)………………..........……………...77 CHAPTER IV. THE LEADING IDELOGUES OF CONTEMPORRAY POLITICAL ISLAM …………………………………… ..........………80 • Historical Background…………… ..........……………………………………….80 • Hasan al-Banna …………………… ..........……………………………………...84 • Abul A'la al-Mawdudi.. ……… ..........…………………………………………..88 • Sayyid Qutb …………… ..........…………………………………………………90 viii CHAPTER V. THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN SUDAN 1945-1989…….........……..95 • Introduction ……………………………………………………….........………..95 • The Early Years (1945-1954) …………………………………… ........………...96 • The Formative Years (1955-1963) ……………………………….......………...103 • The Islamic Charter Front (ICF) (1964-1968) ………………….......………….109 • The Movement and Nemeri (1969-1976) ……………………… .......………....114 • The Movement and Nemeri (1977-1984) …………………… .......…………....117 • The National Islamic Front (NIF) (1985-1989) ……………….......…………...123 CHAPTER VI. FACTORS THAT INFLUENCED THE RISE OF THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENT IN SUDAN …………………………........…128 • Introduction ………………………………........……………………………….128 • Al-Turabi’s Intellectual Contributions ………........……………………………131 • Women ………………………………………........……………………………153 • Students……………………………………........………………………………170 • Islamic Financial Institutions……………........………………………………...184 • Organizational Structure………………… ........………………………………..196 • Military …………………………………… ........……………………………...202 • Trade Unions and Labor Movement……………........…………… …………...215 CHAPTER VII. FINDINGS AND CONCULUSIONS ……….........…………………223 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………. …………………………………........………………..229 ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL ISLAM AND LITRATURE REVIEW Introduction In the early morning of June 30, 1989, the residents of Khartoum woke up to the sound of tanks roaring into the capital’s streets. A few hours later the central radio station --the only one in the country-- began to broadcast military marches. Soon General Omer Ahmed al-Bashier started to broadcast his first proclamation which explained the reason behind his military coup. He cited a long list of grievances concerning the deterioration of security in the country especially in the south and the west. In the south, as a result of military pressure from the Sudanese People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) the Sudanese army was forced to retreat and evacuate all major cities. For the first time since the beginning of the second civil war in Sudan in 1983, southern rebels were able to capture some of the major cities in the south such as Tourit and Kajo Kaji and to surround Juba, the capital of the south. In the west, Darfur had become a theatre for the ongoing civil war in Chad and Libyan-Chad conflict over the Aozou strip. In Khartoum, the high level of corruption, and abuse of power by upper echelon government officials had became the norm of government operation. The military coup was bloodless and peaceful and at the beginning many people were supportive of the move. Although Sadiq al-Mahadi was the democratically-elected Prime Minister, his rule had divided and destabilized the country and Sudan had been in a state of intense
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Practice of Islamic Banking System in Sudan
    Journal of Economic Cooperation 26 , 4 (2005) 27-50 THE PRACTICE OF ISLAMIC BANKING SYSTEM IN SUDAN ∗ Magda Ismail Abdel Mohsin This paper sheds light on the practice of Islamic banking system in Sudan. Its main objective is to show how successful the Islamic banking system in Sudan is and how this system succeeded in converting all existing banks into interest- free banks. Moreover, it emphasises the establishment of new Islamic banks in all the regions of Sudan and shows how those banks succeeded in minimising dealing with interest, attracting more depositors and financing the different sectors. To achieve this, the paper reviews the emergence of the Islamic banking system in Sudan within the last three decades, presents the structure and operations of the Sudanese Islamic banks, and highlights their contribution to the different sectors. 1. INTRODUCTION The last three decades witnessed the revival of some of the Islamic financial institutions in Muslim countries such as the institution of Zakah, and later the institutions of Waqf, Hisbah and Takaful. The motivation for the revival of these institutions comes from the desire of various Muslim communities to formulate and reorganise their social, economic, and especially financial activities on “an interest-free basis”. This gave rise to the emergence of Islamic banks in Muslim countries and later in western countries as well. Sudan was not an exception. In the 1980s, it started to implement Islamic law (Hamdi, 1998, p. 115). This implementation provided the opportunity to introduce Islamization to the Sudanese economy and, hence, most of the old Islamic institutions had the chance to be revived.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan a Country Study.Pdf
    A Country Study: Sudan An Nilain Mosque, at the site of the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile in Khartoum Federal Research Division Library of Congress Edited by Helen Chapin Metz Research Completed June 1991 Table of Contents Foreword Acknowledgements Preface Country Profile Country Geography Society Economy Transportation Government and Politics National Security Introduction Chapter 1 - Historical Setting (Thomas Ofcansky) Early History Cush Meroe Christian Nubia The Coming of Islam The Arabs The Decline of Christian Nubia The Rule of the Kashif The Funj The Fur The Turkiyah, 1821-85 The Mahdiyah, 1884-98 The Khalifa Reconquest of Sudan The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium, 1899-1955 Britain's Southern Policy Rise of Sudanese Nationalism The Road to Independence The South and the Unity of Sudan Independent Sudan The Politics of Independence The Abbud Military Government, 1958-64 Return to Civilian Rule, 1964-69 The Nimeiri Era, 1969-85 Revolutionary Command Council The Southern Problem Political Developments National Reconciliation The Transitional Military Council Sadiq Al Mahdi and Coalition Governments Chapter 2 - The Society and its Environment (Robert O. Collins) Physical Setting Geographical Regions Soils Hydrology Climate Population Ethnicity Language Ethnic Groups The Muslim Peoples Non-Muslim Peoples Migration Regionalism and Ethnicity The Social Order Northern Arabized Communities Southern Communities Urban and National Elites Women and the Family Religious
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan Brief December 2019
    NUMBER 63 SUDAN BRIEF DECEMBER 2019 Sudan’s popular uprising and the demise of Islamism1 In December 2018, a peaceful popular uprising erupted in Sudan which led to the downfall of Omar al-Bashir in April 2019. The thirty-year authoritarian rule by the Islamist National Congress Party (NCP) thereby came to an end. Last month, a new law AUTHOR officially dissolved the NCP which was a key demand of the Munzoul A. M. Assal University of Khartoum popular protest moment. SUDAN BRIEF 2019:03 This Sudan Brief is concerned with the fractionalization of Islamism during Bashir’s rule (1989-2019). It does not focus on the details of Bashir’s brutal rule, rather, it is about the emerging disunity from within which eventually led to the removal of Bashir from power. I analyze factors that led to the Islamists adopting a more pragmatic stand, especially after the main ideologue of the Islamist movement was kicked out into the cold in 1999. The Brief argues that although the Islamists have successfully created a parallel or deep state the last three decades, the political shift of power away from the Islamists which the 2018 popular uprising represent, makes the political future of Islamism bleak. Loss of social sympathy The recent protests were fore fronted by young coming third in the elections and forming part of women and men who were born and raised during the coalition government of Sadiq el-Mahdi. While Islamist authoritarianism. This was in and of the NIF used the transitional period to reinforce itself seen as a crushing defeat of the Islamists’ its position, the multiparty democracy provided ideological project and thus represent a bleak future them with yet another chance to build and further for political Islam in Sudan.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT Title of Document: ROBOTICS and the FUTURE OF
    ABSTRACT Title of Document: ROBOTICS AND THE FUTURE OF INTERNATIONAL ASYMMETRIC WARFARE Nicholas Grossman, Doctor of Philosophy, 2013 Directed By: Professor George Quester, Department of Government and Politics In the post-Cold War world, the world's most powerful states have cooperated or avoided conflict with each other, easily defeated smaller state governments, engaged in protracted conflicts against insurgencies and resistance networks, and lost civilians to terrorist attacks. This dissertation explores various explanations for this pattern, proposing that some non-state networks adapt to major international transitions more quickly than bureaucratic states. Networks have taken advantage of the information technology revolution to enhance their capabilities, but states have begun to adjust, producing robotic systems with the potential to grant them an advantage in asymmetric warfare. ROBOTICS AND THE FUTURE OF ASYMMETRIC WARFARE By Nicholas Grossman Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2013 Advisory Committee: Professor George Quester, Chair Professor Paul Huth Professor Shibley Telhami Professor Piotr Swistak Professor William Nolte Professor Keith Olson © Copyright by Nicholas Grossman 2013 Dedication To Marc and Tracy Grossman, who made this all possible, and to Alyssa Prorok, who made it all worth it. ii Acknowledgements Thank you to my dissertation committee for all the advice and support, Anne Marie Clark and Cissy Roberts for making everything run smoothly, Jacob Aronson and Rabih Helou for the comments and encouragement, Alyssa Prorok for invaluable help, and especially to George Quester for years of mentorship.
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan, Performed by the Much Loved Singer Mohamed Wardi
    Confluence: 1. the junction of two rivers, especially rivers of approximately equal width; 2. an act or process of merging. Oxford English Dictionary For you oh noble grief For you oh sweet dream For you oh homeland For you oh Nile For you oh night Oh good and beautiful one Oh my charming country (…) Oh Nubian face, Oh Arabic word, Oh Black African tattoo Oh My Charming Country (Ya Baladi Ya Habbob), a poem by Sidahmed Alhardallou written in 1972, which has become one of the most popular songs of Sudan, performed by the much loved singer Mohamed Wardi. It speaks of Sudan as one land, praising the country’s diversity. EQUAL RIGHTS TRUST IN PARTNERSHIP WITH SUDANESE ORGANISATION FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT In Search of Confluence Addressing Discrimination and Inequality in Sudan The Equal Rights Trust Country Report Series: 4 London, October 2014 The Equal Rights Trust is an independent international organisation whose pur- pose is to combat discrimination and promote equality as a fundamental human right and a basic principle of social justice. © October 2014 Equal Rights Trust © Photos: Anwar Awad Ali Elsamani © Cover October 2014 Dafina Gueorguieva Layout: Istvan Fenyvesi PrintedDesign: in Dafinathe UK Gueorguieva by Stroma Ltd ISBN: 978-0-9573458-0-5 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by other means without the prior written permission of the publisher, or a licence for restricted copying from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd., UK, or the Copyright Clearance Centre, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Prospects of Political Islam in a Troubled Region Islamists and Post-Arab Spring Challenges
    The Prospects of Political Islam in a Troubled Region Islamists and Post-Arab Spring Challenges Editor Dr. Mohammed Abu Rumman The Prospects of Political Islam in a Troubled Region Islamists and Post-Arab Spring Challenges Editor Dr. Mohammed Abu Rumman 1 The Hashemite Kingdom Of Jordan The Deposit Number at The National Library (2018/2/529) 277 AbuRumman, Mohammad Suliman The Prospects Of Political Islam In A Troubled Region / Moham- mad Suliman Abu Rumman; Translated by William Joseph Ward. – Am- man: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 2018 (178) p. Deposit No.: 2018/2/529 Descriptors: /Politics//Islam/ يتحمل المؤلف كامل المسؤولية القانونية عن محتوى مصنفه وﻻ ّيعبر هذا المصنف عن رأي دائرة المكتبة الوطنية أو أي جهة حكومية أخرى. Published in 2018 by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Jordan & Iraq FES Jordan & Iraq P.O. Box 941876 Amman 11194 Jordan Email: [email protected] Website:www.fes-jordan.org Not for sale © FES Jordan & Iraq All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the publishers. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are solely those of the original author. They do not necessarily represent those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung or the editor. Translation: William Joseph Ward Cover and Lay-out: Mua’th Al Saied Printing: Economic Press ISBN: 978-9957-484-80-4 2 The Prospects of Political Islam in a Troubled Region Islamists and Post-Arab Spring Challenges Contributed Authors Dr. Mohammed Abu Rumman Dr. Khalil Anani Dr. Neven Bondokji Hassan Abu Hanieh Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Kuwait 29Jan10
    COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT KUWAIT 29 JANUARY 2010 UK Border Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN KUWAIT , FROM 25 DECEMBER 2009 TO 29 JANUARY 2010 REPORTS ON KUWAIT PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 25 DECEMBER 2009 AND 29 JANUARY 2010 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ....................................................................................... 1.01 Map .............................................................................................. 1.04 2. ECONOMY ........................................................................................... 2.01 3. HISTORY ............................................................................................. 3.01 4. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (M ARCH -DECEMBER 2009) ............................ 4.01 5. CONSTITUTION .................................................................................... 5.01 6. POLITICAL SYSTEM .............................................................................. 6.01 Human Rights 7. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 7.01 8. SECURITY SITUATION ........................................................................... 8.01 9. SECURITY FORCES ............................................................................... 9.01 Police........................................................................................... 9.02 Arbitrary arrest and detention................................................... 9.03 Torture
    [Show full text]
  • Microfinance Assessment Consultancy to Darfur, Sudan
    MICROFINANCE ASSESSMENT CONSULTANCY TO DARFUR, SUDAN FEBRUARY ‐ MARCH 2010 FINAL REPORT COMMISSIONED BY THE FEINSTEIN INTERNATIONAL CENTER OF TUFTS UNIVERSITY, IOM AND UNDP SUDAN PREPARED BY: ABDELMAJID KHOJALI AND LENE M.P. HANSEN SUBMITTED: 01 JUNE 2010 Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.........................................................................................................................4 2. BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................8 3. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................9 4. THE SETTING FOR ACCESS TO FINANCE IN DARFUR ..............................................................11 4.1 THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IN SUDAN....................................................................................................11 4.2 MICROFINANCE IN SUDAN..................................................................................................................14 4.2.1 The Policy, Legal and Regulatory Framework for Microfinance.................................................14 4.2.2 The Support infrastructure for Microfinance ...............................................................................17 4.2.3 Microfinance in Conflict Environments........................................................................................20 4.3 THE CONFLICT CONTEXT OF DARFUR ................................................................................................26
    [Show full text]
  • Sudan Banking System
    Sudan Democracy First Group (SDFG) was formed as an um- brella group of leading Sudanese independent and demo- cratic civil society and media actors to serve as a civil society and think tank that conduct indigenous research, analysis and advocacy on human rights, development, peace and democratic transformation in Sudan. SDFG launched the Sudan Transparency Initiative (STI) Proj- ect in March 2015 to investigate, analyze, document and disseminate credible and reliable information about the scope and scale of corruption and lack of transparency in Sudan. The overarching objective of the project is to raise awareness, promote accountability and resistance and spur grassroots anti-corruption movements in Sudan. One of the components of the project is to commission expert consul- tants to thoroughly research and report on corruption and lack of transparency in specific key sectors. The banking system in Sudan sector receives considerable attention and controversy both in government circles as well as the public arena. This report is an attempt to shed light on the intricate and multifaceted structure and practices of this sector. 1 Table of Contents I. List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ...................................................................................................4 II. Executive Summary ..........................................................................................................................6 III. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of the Electoral Framework KUWAIT
    ,OGO 7?A5D35K *7BADF;@9 !@F7D@3F;A@3> Assessment of the Electoral Framework Final Report Kuwait November 2008 | 1 | © by Democracy Reporting International (DRI) and the Kuwait Transparency Society (KTS), Berlin/Kuwait, November 2008 All rights reserved. Distribution for all non-commercial purposes is encouraged provided DRI and KTS are acknowledged as the source and are sent copies of any translations. | 2 | Executive Summary Kuwait’s framework for parliamentary elections is largely in line with international standards, although a few shortcomings should be addressed. Even though Kuwait does not permit the formation of political parties, and women received the right to vote and to stand in elections only in 2005, the country has a long-standing history of pluralistic and genuine elections. Generally, there is confidence in the work of the electoral administration. However, the equality of the vote is not respected because the size of the electorate in the five electoral districts, each of which is represented by 10 MPs, varies significantly. After the May 2008 elections, the election authorities experienced significant difficulties with the counting and aggregation of the votes, resulting in controversy and court appeals. Certainly, there is scope to introduce measures to enhance transparency, improve the counting and aggregation of votes (e.g. by requiring a prompt and detailed publication of election results at all levels) and reforming procedures for adjudicating election related complaints and appeals. Currently, the elections are managed jointly by the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Justice and the judiciary. Representatives of the candidates also have a role in administering the election during polling.
    [Show full text]
  • Strategic Survey for Israel 2010 Shlomo Brom and Anat Kurz, Editors
    Strategic Survey for Israel 2010 Shlomo Brom and Anat Kurz, Editors Strategic Survey for Israel 2010 Shlomo Brom and Anat Kurz, Editors Institute for National Security Studies The Institute for National Security Studies (INSS), incorporating the Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, was founded in 2006. The purpose of the Institute for National Security Studies is, first, to conduct basic research that meets the highest academic standards on matters related to Israel’s national security as well as Middle East regional and international security affairs. Second, the Institute aims to contribute to the public debate and governmental deliberation of issues that are – or should be – at the top of Israel’s national security agenda. INSS seeks to address Israeli decision makers and policymakers, the defense establishment, public opinion makers, the academic community in Israel and abroad, and the general public. INSS publishes research that it deems worthy of public attention, while it maintains a strict policy of non-partisanship. The opinions expressed in this publication are the authors’ alone, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Institute, its trustees, boards, research staff, or the organization and individuals that support its research. Strategic Survey for Israel 2010 Shlomo Brom and Anat Kurz, Editors המכון למחקרי ביטחון לאומי THE INSTITUTE FOR NATIONAL SECURcITY STUDIES INCORPORATING THE JAFFEE bd CENTER FOR STRATEGIC STUDIES Graphic design: Michal Semo-Kovetz and Yael Bieber Cover design: Michal Semo-Kovetz Printing: Kedem Ltd. Cover Photo: Prime Minister Netanyahu with President Obama, July 6, 2010 Courtesy: Image Bank / Getty Images Institute for National Security Studies 40 Haim Levanon Street POB 39950 Ramat Aviv Tel Aviv 61398 Israel Tel.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of the Sudan's Power Relations
    American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 6-1-2015 A Prince and a Fractured Kingdom: The Case of the Sudan’s Power Relations Jihad Salih Mashamoun Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation Salih Mashamoun, J. (2015).A Prince and a Fractured Kingdom: The Case of the Sudan’s Power Relations [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/63 MLA Citation Salih Mashamoun, Jihad. A Prince and a Fractured Kingdom: The Case of the Sudan’s Power Relations. 2015. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/63 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The American University in Cairo School of Humanities and Social Sciences A Prince and a Fractured Kingdom: The Case of the Sudan’s Power Relations A Thesis Submitted to The Political Science Department In partial fulfillment of the requirements for A Master of Arts Degree By Jihad Salih Mashamoun Under the supervision of Dr. Nadia Farah April 30,2015 Table of Contents Dedication……………………………………………………………………………v Acknowledgments…………………………………………………………………...vi Acronyms………………………………………………………………………………………….. vii Abstract……………………………………………………………………………...xi Introduction…………………………………………………………………………...1
    [Show full text]