Birds of Allerton Park
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Table of Contents Red-head woodpecker ...... 5 Red-bellied woodpecker ...... 6 Hairy Woodpecker ...... 7 Downy woodpecker ...... 8 Northern Flicker ...... 9 Pileated woodpecker ...... 10 Eastern Meadowlark ...... 11 Common Grackle...... 12 Red-wing blackbird ...... 13 Rusty blackbird ...... 14 Brown-headed Cowbird ...... 15 Orchard Oriole ...... 16 Baltimore Oriole ...... 17 House Sparrow ...... 18 American Goldfinch ...... 19 Chipping Sparrow ...... 20 Field Sparrow ...... 21 Vesper Sparrow ...... 22 Savannah Sparrow ...... 23 Grasshopper Sparrow ...... 24 Henslow's Sparrow ...... 25 Song Sparrow ...... 26 White throated sparrow ...... 27 White-crowned sparrow ...... 28 American tree sparrow ...... 29 Red Crossbill ...... 30 Northern Parula ...... 31 Yellow Warbler ...... 32 Yellow-throated Warbler ...... 33 Prothonotary Warbler ...... 34
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Black-&-white Warbler ...... 35 Cerulean Warbler ...... 36 Kentucky Warbler ...... 37 Hooded Warbler ...... 38 American Redstart ...... 39 Ovenbird Warbler ...... 40 Louisiana Waterthrush ...... 41 Common Yellowthroat ...... 42 Yellow-breasted Chat ...... 43 Summer Tanager ...... 44 Scarlet Tanager ...... 45 Rose-breasted Grosbeak ...... 46 Indigo Bunting ...... 47 Dickcissel ...... 48 Eastern Towhee ...... 49 Barred Owl ...... 50 Great Horned Owl ...... 51 Eastern Screech-Owl ...... 52 Red-shouldered Hawk ...... 53 Red-tailed Hawk ...... 54 Cooper’s Hawk ...... 55 Blue Jay ...... 56 American Robin ...... 57 Wood Thrush...... 58 Mourning Dove ...... 59 Northern Cardinal ...... 60 Citations ...... 61
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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How this list is to be used.
In the following pages you will find a list of some birds that may find their way to Allerton Park. This is not a comprehensive list, nor was it meant to be, but was developed to increase awareness into warblers, blackbirds, sparrows, tanagers, other selected rare or common species that make Allerton Park a home or a part of its migratory path. I hope this list will lead you to want to know more about these species and research online at All About Birds website, where these pictures and text were taken from. Most importantly though, I hope you take an opportunity to go visit Allerton Park’s natural areas and to look for these birds.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Red-head woodpecker
Habitat
Red-headed Woodpeckers breed in deciduous woodlands with oak or beech, groves of dead or dying trees, river bottoms, burned areas, recent clearings, beaver swamps, orchards, parks, farmland, grasslands with scattered trees, forest edges, and roadsides. During the start of the breeding season they move from forest interiors to forest edges or disturbed areas. Wherever they breed, dead (or partially dead) trees for nest cavities are an important part of their habitat. In the northern part of their winter range, they live in mature stands of forest, especially oak, oak-hickory, maple, ash, and beech. They are somewhat nomadic; in a given location they can be common one year and absent the next.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Red-bellied woodpecker
You can find this species across most of the forests, woodlands, and wooded suburbs of the eastern United States.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Hairy Woodpecker
Hairy Woodpeckers are common in mature woodlands with medium to large trees. They also occur in woodlots, suburbs, parks, and cemeteries. You can find them equally commonly in coniferous forests, deciduous forests, or mixtures.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Downy woodpecker
Open woodlands, particularly deciduous woods and along streams. Also found in created habitats including orchards, parks, and suburbs.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
9
Northern Flicker
Look for Northern Flickers in woodlands, forest edges, and open fields with scattered trees, as well as city parks and suburbs. You can also find them in wet areas such as streamside woods, flooded swamps, and marsh edges.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
10
Pileated woodpecker
Pileated Woodpeckers live in mature deciduous or mixed deciduous-coniferous woodlands of nearly every type, from tall western hemlock stands of the Northwest to beech and maple forests in New England and cypress swamps of the Southeast. They can also be found in younger forests that have scattered, large, dead trees or a ready supply of decaying, downed wood.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Eastern Meadowlark
Eastern Meadowlarks are most common in native grasslands and prairies, but they also occur in pastures, hayfields, agricultural fields, airports, and other grassy areas. Because vast swaths of grasslands are hard to find in parts of eastern North America, Eastern Meadowlarks will breed in many kinds of grassy areas as long as they can find about 6 acres in which to establish a territory.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
12
Common Grackle
Common Grackles do well in human landscapes, using scattered trees for nesting and open ground for foraging. Typical natural habitats include open woodland, forest edge, grassland, meadows, and swamps. They are also very common near agricultural fields and feedlots, suburbs, city parks, cemeteries, pine plantations, and hedgerows. Unbroken tracts of forest are the only places where you are unlikely to find Common Grackles.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Red-wing blackbird
Male
Female
Red-winged Blackbirds spend the breeding season in wet places. You may also find them breeding in drier places like sedge meadows, alfalfa fields, and fallow fields. Occasionally, Red-winged Blackbirds nest in wooded areas along waterways. In fall and winter, they congregate in agricultural fields, feedlots, pastures, and grassland.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
14
Rusty blackbird
Rusty Blackbird is one of North America’s most rapidly declining species. The population has plunged an estimated 85-99 percent over the past forty. They are relatively uncommon denizens of wooded swamps, breeding in the boreal forest and wintering in the eastern U.S. In winter, they travel in small flocks and are identified by their distinctive rusty featheredges and pallid yellow eyes.
Male Female nonbreeding Male nonbreeding
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
15
Brown-headed Cowbird
Brown-headed Cowbirds occur in grasslands with low and scattered trees as well as woodland edges, brushy thickets, prairies, fields, pastures, orchards, and residential areas. Brown-headed Cowbirds generally avoid forests.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
16
Orchard Oriole
Nests in gardens, orchards, suburban areas, along streams and lakes, and in large planted trees near houses.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
17
Baltimore Oriole
On their breeding grounds in eastern and east-central North America, you’ll most often find Baltimore Orioles high in leafy deciduous trees, open woodland, forest edge, river banks, and small groves of trees. They also forage for insects and fruits in brush and shrubbery.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
18
House Sparrow
House Sparrows are closely associated with people and their buildings. Look for them in cities, towns, suburbs, and farms (particularly around livestock). You won’t find them in extensive woodlands, forests, or grasslands. In extreme environments such as deserts or the far north, House Sparrows survive only in the immediate vicinity of people.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
19
American Goldfinch
Weedy fields, open floodplains, and other overgrown areas, particularly with sunflower, aster, and thistle plants for food and some shrubs and trees for nesting. Goldfinches are also common in suburbs, parks, and backyards.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
20
Chipping Sparrow
You’ll find Chipping Sparrows around trees, even though these birds spend a lot of time foraging on the ground. Look for them in grassy forests, woodlands and edges, parks and shrubby or tree-lined backyards.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
21
Field Sparrow
Breeds in old fields, woodland openings, and edges.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
22
Vesper Sparrow
Found in various open habitats with grass, including prairie, sagebrush steppe, meadows, pastures, and roadside
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
23
Savannah Sparrow
On both their summer and winter ranges, Savannah Sparrows live in grasslands with few trees, including meadows, pastures, grassy roadsides, sedge wetlands, and cultivated fields planted with cover crops like alfalfa. Near oceans, they also inhabit tidal saltmarshes and estuaries. In Alaska and northern Canada, they live among the shrubby willows of the tundra.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
24
Grasshopper Sparrow
Open grasslands and prairies with patches of bare ground
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
25
Henslow's Sparrow
Large, flat fields with no woody plants, and with tall, dense grass, a dense litter layer, and standing dead vegetation.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
26
Song Sparrow
Song Sparrows are found in an enormous variety of open habitats, including tidal marshes, arctic grasslands, desert scrub, pinyon pine forests, aspen parklands, prairie shelterbelts, Pacific rain forest, chaparral, agricultural fields, overgrown pastures, freshwater marsh and lake edges, forest edges, and suburbs. You may also find Song Sparrows in deciduous or mixed woodlands.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
27
White throated sparrow
Look for them in in areas near edges of ponds, meadows, and bogs. During migration and winter, you’ll find White-throated Sparrows along edges of woodlots, hedgerows, thickets, and weedy fields.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
28
White-crowned sparrow
White-crowned Sparrows breed in open or shrubby habitats, including tundra, high alpine meadows, and forest edges. Patches of bare ground and grasses are important characteristics. During winter and on migration these birds frequent thickets, weedy fields, agricultural fields, roadsides, and backyards.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
29
American tree sparrow
During spring and fall migrations, they'll search out weedy fields, marshes, hedgerows, and open forests for foraging between nights of flying. They winter in similar habitats in their southern range, adding gardens and backyards with feeders in settled areas.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
30
Red Crossbill
This bird can sometimes be found at Allerton Park during fall and winter in the Hemlock trees west of the Sunken Garden and in the coniferous trees near the mansions reflecting pond.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
31
Northern Parula
Northern Parulas breed in mature forests along streams, swamps, and other bottomlands. Key tree species include sugar and red maple, birches, and sycamore.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
32
Yellow Warbler
Yellow Warblers spend the breeding season in thickets and other disturbed or regrowing habitats, particularly along streams and wetlands. You may find them among alder or dogwood as well as orchards, blueberry bogs, and overgrown power-line cuts.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
33
Yellow-throated Warbler
Yellow-throated warblers breed in pine forest, sycamore-baldcypress swamp and riparian woodland. Found in migration and winter in a variety of woodland, scrub, brush and thicket situations.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
34
Prothonotary Warbler
Prothonotary Warblers breed in wooded swamps and other bottomland forests. Characteristic tree species include willows, sweet gum, willow oak, black gum, tupelo, bald cypress, elms, and river birch.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
35
Black-&-white Warbler
This species breeds in mature and second-growth deciduous and mixed forests.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
36
Cerulean Warbler
Cerulean warblers breed in forests with tall deciduous trees and open understory, such as wet bottomlands and dry slopes.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
37
Kentucky Warbler
You can find Kentucky warblers in forest.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
38
Hooded Warbler
Found in forest.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
39
American Redstart
Breeds in moist second growth deciduous forest, with abundant shrubs.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
40
Ovenbird
This species breeds in mature deciduous and mixed deciduous and coniferous forests.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
41
Louisiana Waterthrush
This species breeds along gravel-bottomed streams flowing through hilly, deciduous forest.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
42
Common Yellowthroat
Common in thick vegetation from wetlands to prairies. Frequently near water.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
43
Yellow-breasted Chat
Found in dense second-growth, riparian thickets, and brush.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
44
Summer Tanager
Breeds in deciduous forests in eastern part of range, especially open woods and near gaps.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
45
Scarlet Tanager
This bird breeds in deciduous and mixed deciduous/coniferous woodlands, especially mature forests.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
46
Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Breeds in deciduous and mixed woodlands, especially at the edges, second-growth woodlands, orchards, suburban parks and gardens.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
47
Indigo Bunting
Indigo Buntings breed in brushy and weedy areas. They're common on the edges of woods and fields along roads, streams, rivers, and power line cuts and abandoned fields where shrubby growth is returning.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
48
Dickcissel
This bird is often seen singing in tall grasslands, including prairie, hayfields, lightly grazed pastures, and roadsides.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Eastern Towhee
Eastern Towhees are characteristic birds of forest edges, overgrown fields and woodlands, and scrubby backyards or thickets. The most important habitat qualities seem to be dense shrub cover with plenty of leaf litter for the towhees to scratch around in.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Barred Owl
Barred Owls live year-round in mixed forests of large trees, often near water. They tend to occur in large, unfragmented blocks of mature forest, possibly because due to larger amounts of food and nesting sources.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Great Horned Owl
Great horned owls are found in my types of habitats but prefer woodlands that are open and agricultural areas.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
52
Eastern Screech-Owl
Eastern Screech-Owl’s are fairly common in most types of woods.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
53
Red-shouldered Hawk
Red-shouldered Hawks breed in deciduous woodlands, often near rivers.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
54
Red-tailed Hawk
The Red-tailed Hawk can be found along fields and perched on telephones poles, or trees along edges of fields or standing alone.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
55
Cooper’s Hawk
Cooper’s hawks can be found in wooded habitats from deep forests to backyards.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
56
Blue Jay
Found predominantly at forest edges, blue jays are often found near oaks, in forests, towns, and cities.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
57
American Robin
American Robins are common birds seen in a large array of habitats.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
58
Wood Thrush
Wood Thrush breeds in deciduous and mixed forests with large trees, moderate understory, and abundant leaf litter for foraging.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
59
Mourning Dove
Look for Mourning Doves in fields or patches of bare ground, or on overhead perches.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Northern Cardinal
Look for Northern Cardinals in dense shrubby areas, overgrown fields, backyards, regenerating forest, and landscaping.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Citations
Red-head woodpecker
Smith, K. G., J. H. Withgott, and P. G. Rodewald. 2000. Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus). In The Birds of North America, No. 518 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Red-bellied woodpecker
Shackelford, Clifford E., Raymond E. Brown and Richard N. Conner. 2000. Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus). In The Birds of North America, No. 500 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Hairy Woodpecker
Jackson, Jerome A., Henri R. Ouellet and Bette J. Jackson. 2002. Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus). In The Birds of North America, No. 702 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Downy woodpecker
Jackson, Jerome A. and Henri R. Ouellet. 2002. Downy Woodpecker (Picoides pubescens), The Birds of North America, No. 613(A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Northern Flicker
Wiebe, Karen L. and William S. Moore. 2008. Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus). In The Birds of North America, No. 166a (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Pileated woodpecker
Bull, E. L., and J. A. Jackson. 1995. Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus). In The Birds of North America, No. 148 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Eastern Meadowlark
Lanyon, W. E. 1995. Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna). In The Birds of North America, No. 160 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Common Grackle
Peer, Brian D. and Eric K. Bollinger. 1997. Common Grackle (Quiscalus quiscula). In The Birds of North America, No. 271 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Red-wing blackbird
Yasukawa, Ken and William A. Searcy. 1995. Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). In The Birds of North America, No. 184 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Rusty blackbird
Avery. M. L. 1995. Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus). In The Birds of North America, No. 200 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Brown-headed Cowbird
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
62
Lowther, Peter E. 1993. Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater). In The Birds of North America, No. 47 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Orchard Oriole
Scharf, W. C., and J. Kren. 1996. Orchard Oriole (Icterus spurius). In The Birds of North America, No. 255 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Baltimore Oriole
Rising, J.D., and N.J. Flood. 1998. Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula). In The Birds of North America, No. 384. (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
House Sparrow
Lowther, Peter E. and Calvin L. Cink. 2006. House Sparrow (Passer domesticus). In The Birds of North America, No. 12 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
American Goldfinch
Middleton, Alex L. 1993. American Goldfinch (Carduelis tristis). In The Birds of North America, No. 80 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Chipping Sparrow
Middleton, Alex L. 1998. Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina). In The Birds of North America, No. 334 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Field Sparrow
Carey, M. D. E. Burhans, and D. A. Nelson. 1994. Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla). In The Birds of North America, No. 103 (A. Poole, and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Vesper Sparrow
Jones, S. L., and J. E. Cornely. 2002. Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus). In The Birds of North America, No. 624 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Savannah Sparrow
Wheelwright, N. H., and J. D. Rising. 1993. Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis). In The Birds of North America, No. 45 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Grasshopper Sparrow
Vickery, P. D. 1996. Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum). In The Birds of North America, No. 239 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and the American OrnithologistsUnion, Washington, D.C.
Henslow's Sparrow
Herkert, J. R., P. D. Vickery, and D. E. Kroodsma. 2002. Henslow's Sparrow (Ammodramus henslowii).In The Birds of North America, No. 672 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Song Sparrow
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Arcese, Peter, Mark K. Sogge, Amy B. Marr and Michael A. Patten. 2002. Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia). In The Birds of North America, No. 704 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
White-throated sparrow
Falls, J. B. and J. G. Kopachena. 1994. White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis). In The Birds of North America, No. 128 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
White-crowned sparrow
Chilton, G., M. C. Baker, C. D. Barrentine and M. A. Cunningham. 1995. White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys). In The Birds of North America, No. 183 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
American tree sparrow
Naugler, C. T. 1993. American Tree Sparrow (Spizella arborea). In The Birds of North America, No. 37 (A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Red Crossbill
Adkisson, C. S. 1996. Red Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra). In The Birds of North America, No. 256 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Northern Parula
Moldenhauer, R. R., and D. J. Regelski. 1996. Northern Parula (Parula americana). In The Birds of North America, No. 215 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Yellow Warbler
Lowther, P. E., C. Celada, N. K. Klein, C. C. Rimner, and D. A. Spector. 1999. Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia). In The Birds of North America, No. 454 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Yellow-throated Warbler
Hall, G. A. 1996. Yellow-throated Warbler (Dendroica dominica). In The Birds of North America, No. 223 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Prothonotary Warbler
Petit, L. J. 1999. Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea). In The Birds of North America, No. 408 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Black-&-white Warbler
Kricher, J. C. 1995. Black-and-white Warbler (Mniotilta varia). In The Birds of North America, No. 158 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Cerulean Warbler
Hamel, P. B. 2000. Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea). In The Birds of North America, No. 557 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Kentucky Warbler
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
64
McDonald, M. V. 1998. Kentucky Warbler (Oporornis formosus). In The Birds of North America, No. 324 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Hooded Warbler
Evans Ogden, L. J., and B. J. Stutchbury. 1994. Hooded Warbler (Wilsonia citrina). In The Birds of North America, No. 110 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
American Redstart
Sherry, T. W., and R. T. Holmes. 1997. American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla). In The Birds of North America, No. 277 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Ovenbird
Van Horn, M. A. and T. M. Donovan. 1994. Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus). In The Birds of North America, No. 88 (A. Poole, and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Louisiana Waterthrush
Robinson, W. D. 1995. Louisiana Waterthrush (Seirurs motacilla). In The Birds of North America, No. 151 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Common Yellowthroat
Guzy, M. J., and G. Ritchison. 1999. Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas). In The Birds of North America, No. 448 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Yellow-breasted Chat
Eckerle, K. P., and C. F. Thompson. 2001. Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteria virens). In The Birds of North America, No. 575 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Summer Tanager
Robinson, W. D. 1996. Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra). In The Birds of North America, No. 248 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Scarlet Tanager
Mowbray, T. 1999. Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea). In The Birds of North America, No. 479 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Wyatt, V. E., and C. M Francis. 2002. Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus). In The Birds of North America, No. 692 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Indigo Bunting
Payne, R. B. 1992. Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea). In The Birds of North America, No. 4 (A. Poole, Peter Stettenheim, and F. Gill, Eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Dickcissel
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Temple, S. A. 2002. Dickcissel (Spiza americana). In The Birds of North America, No. 703 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Eastern Towhee
Greenlaw, Jon S. 1996. Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus). In The Birds of North America, No. 262 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Barred Owl
Mazur, K. M., and P. C. James. 2000. Barred Owl (Strix varia). In The Birds of North America, No. 508 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Great Horned Owl
Houston, C. S., D. G. Smith, and C. Rohner. 1998. Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus). In The Birds of North America, No. 372 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Eastern Screech-Owl
Gehlbach, F. R. 1995. Eastern Screech-Owl (Otus asio). In The Birds of North America, No. 165 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Red-shouldered Hawk
Crocoll, S. T. 1994. Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus). In The Birds of North America, No. 107 (A. Poole, and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Red-tailed Hawk
Preston, C. R. and R. D. Beane. 1993. Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis). In The Birds of North America, No. 52 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Cooper’s Hawk
Curtis, Odette E., R. N. Rosenfield and J. Bielefeldt. 2006. Cooper's Hawk (Accipiter cooperii). In The Birds of North America, No. 75 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Blue-jay
Tarvin, Keith A. and Glen E. Woolfenden. 1999. Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata), The Birds of North America, No. 469 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
American Robin
Sallabanks, Rex and Frances C. James. 1999. American Robin (Turdus migratorius). In The Birds of North America, No. 462 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Wood Thrush
Roth, R. R., M. S. Johnson, and T. J. Underwood. 1996. Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina). In The Birds of North America, No. 246 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Mourning Dove
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.
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Otis, David L., John H. Schulz, David Miller, R. E. Mirarchi and T. S. Baskett. 2008. Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura). In The Birds of North America, No. 117 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Northern Cardinal
Halkin, Sylvia L. and Susan U. Linville. 1999. Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis). In The Birds of North America, No. 440 (A. Poole, Ed.). The Birds of North America Online, Ithaca, New York.
Information from Cornell’s All About Birds website, www.allaboutbirds.org.