Birds of Perry County Contact Us the Tell City Ranger District of the Hoosier National Forest Is Open 8-4:30 Monday Through Friday to Serve Visitors

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Birds of Perry County Contact Us the Tell City Ranger District of the Hoosier National Forest Is Open 8-4:30 Monday Through Friday to Serve Visitors Birds of Perry County Contact Us The Tell City Ranger District of the Hoosier National Forest is open 8-4:30 Monday through Friday to serve visitors. Tell City Ranger District 248 15th Street Tell City, IN 47586 812-547-7051 Federal relay system for the deaf and hearing impaired: 1-800-877-8339 website: www.fs.usda.gov/hoosier Great Bllue Heron Tufted Titmouse __________________________ vV USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. America’s Great Outdoors Last updated 11/2011 Forest Service United States Department of Agriculture The third and fourth columns are the genus and Using the Checklist species of the bird. The fifth column shows the The first column after the bird’s common name is bird’s status in Indiana as of 2009. (Available at http:// evidence of the bird’s breeding status in our area. www.in.gov/dnr/fishwild/files/Birds_Of_Indiana.pdf) CO = Confirmed breeding evidence FC = Federal Candidate FE = Federal Endangered PR = Probable breeding evidence FT = Federal Threatened SC - State Special Concern PO = Possible breeding evidence SE = State Endangered X = Exotic/Introduced OB = Observed, no breeding evidence Bird abundance will vary seasonally, and often from This shows highest breeding evidence value from year-to-year as well. Actual abundance is often dis- published 1985-1990 breeding bird atlas data and tinct from detectability. Some species may be com- draft 2005-2010 atlas data. (Available at http://www. mon but secretive and only rarely seen. Others may pwrc.usgs.gov/bba/) be numerically sparse, yet highly vocal or otherwise conspicuous. FOUND COMMON NAME EVIDENCE GENUS SPECIES STATUS Acadian Flycatcher PR Empidonax virescens American Black Duck PR Anas rubripes American Coot PO Fulica americana American Crow CO Corvus brachyrhynchos American Goldfinch PR Spinus tristis American Kestrel CO Falco sparverius Bald Eagle American Redstart PO Setophaga ruticilla American Robin CO Turdus migratorius FOUND COMMON NAME EVIDENCE GENUS SPECIES STATUS Summer Tanager CO Piranga rubra Tree Swallow CO Tachycineta bicolor Tufted Titmouse CO Baeolophus bicolor Turkey Vulture OB Cathartes aura Warbling Vireo PR Vireo gilvus Wood Duck Whip-poor-will PR Caprimulgus vociferus SC Wood White-breasted Nuthatch CO Sitta carolinensis Thrush White-eyed Vireo PR Vireo griseus Wild Turkey CO Meleagris gallopavo Willow Flycatcher PR Empidonax traillii Wood Duck CO Aix sponsa Wood Thrush CO Hylocichla mustelina Worm-eating Warbler CO Helmitheros vermivorum SC Yellow Warbler CO Dendroica petechia Yellow-billed Cuckoo PR Coccyzus americanus Yellow-breasted Chat PR Icteria virens Yellow-throated Vireo PR Vireo flavifrons White-breasted Yellow-throated Warbler CO Dendroica dominica Nuthatch Number of bird species in each breeding category: Number of birds by protection category: Federal Endangered, Threatened, or Candidate - 0 CO = 76 PO = 8 State Special Concern = 9 PR = 26 OB = 3 State Endangered = 3 TOTAL = 113 Exotic or Introduced = 4 Number of birds by protection category: Federal Endangered, Threatened, or Candidate - 0 State Special Concern = 9 State Endangered = 3 Exotic or Introduced = 4 FOUND COMMON NAME EVIDENCE GENUS SPECIES STATUS Orchard Oriole CO Icterus spurius Mallard Ovenbird CO Seiurus aurocapilla Pileated Woodpecker CO Dryocopus pileatus Pine Warbler CO Dendroica pinus Prairie Warbler PR Dendroica discolor Red-winged Prothonotary Warbler PR Protonotaria citrea Blackbird Purple Martin CO Progne subis Red-bellied Woodpecker CO Melanerpes carolinus Red-eyed Vireo CO Vireo olivaceus Red-headed Wood- CO Melanerpes erythrocephalus pecker Red-shouldered Hawk CO Buteo lineatus SC Red-tailed Hawk CO Buteo jamaicensis Red-winged Blackbird CO Agelaius phoeniceus Rock Pigeon CO Columba livia X Ruby-throated Hum- PR Archilochus colubris mingbird Ruffed Grouse CO Bonasa umbellus Savannah Sparrow PO Passerculus sandwichensis Scarlet Tanager CO Piranga olivacea Sharp-shinned Hawk PR Accipiter striatus SC Song Song Sparrow PR Melospiza melodia Sparrow FOUND COMMON NAME EVIDENCE GENUS SPECIES STATUS American Woodcock CO Scolopax minor Bald Eagle CO Haliaeetus leucocephalus SC Baltimore Oriole CO Icterus galbula Bank Swallow PR Riparia riparia Barn Owl CO Tyto alba SE Barn Swallow CO Hirundo rustica Barred Owl CO Strix varia Belted Kingfisher CO Megaceryle alcyon Black Vulture OB Coragyps atratus Barred Owl Black-and-white Warbler PO Mniotilta varia SC Black-billed Cuckoo PO Coccyzus erythropthalmus Blue Grosbeak CO Passerina caerulea Blue Jay CO Cyanocitta cristata Blue-gray Gnatcatcher CO Polioptila caerulea Blue-winged Warbler PR Vermivora pinus Broad-winged Hawk CO Buteo platypterus SC Brown Thrasher CO Toxostoma rufum Brown-headed Cowbird CO Molothrus ater Canada Goose CO Branta canadensi Carolina Chickadee CO Poecile carolinensis Cedar Waxwing Carolina Wren CO Thryothorus ludovicianus Cedar Waxwing CO Bombycilla cedrorum Chimney Swift PR Chaetura pelagica FOUND COMMON NAME EVIDENCE GENUS SPECIES STATUS Downy Chipping Sparrow CO Spizella passerina Woodpecker Chuck-will’s-widow PO Caprimulgus carolinensis Cliff Swallow CO Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Common Grackle CO Quiscalus quiscula Common Nighthawk PR Chordeiles minor SC Common Yellowthroat CO Geothlypis trichas Cooper’s Hawk CO Accipiter cooperii Dickcissel PR Spiza americana Downy Woodpecker CO Picoides pubescens Eastern Bluebird CO Sialia sialis Eastern Kingbird CO Tyrannus tyrannus Eastern Meadowlark CO Sturnella magna Eastern Phoebe CO Sayornis phoebe Eastern Eastern Screech-Owl PR Megascops asio Meadowlark Eastern Towhee CO Pipilo erythrophthalmus Eastern Wood-Pewee CO Contopus virens European Starling CO Sturnus vulgaris X Field Sparrow CO Spizella pusilla Grasshopper Sparrow PO Ammodramus savannarum Gray Catbird CO Dumetella carolinensis Great Blue Heron OB Ardea herodias Eastern Great Crested Flycatcher CO Myiarchus crinitus Screech Owl Great Horned Owl PR Bubo virginianus Green Heron PR Butorides virescens Hairy Woodpecker CO Picoides villosus Henslow’s Sparrow CO Ammodramus henslowii SE Green Heron Hooded Warbler PR Wilsonia citrina SC Harned Lark PR Eremophila alpestris House Finch CO Carpodacus mexicanus X House Sparrow CO Passer domesticus X House Wren CO Troglodytes aedon Indigo Bunting CO Passerina cyanea Kentucky Warbler CO Oporornis formosus Killdeer CO Charadrius vociferus Great Horned Owl Louisiana Waterthrush CO Seiurus motacilla Horned Mallard CO Anas platyrhynchos Lark Mourning Dove CO Zenaida macroura Northern Bobwhite CO Colinus virginianus Northern Cardinal CO Cardinalis cardinalis Northern Flicker CO Colaptes auratus (Yellow-shafted Flicker) Northern Harrier PO Circus cyaneus SE Northern Mockingbird CO Mimus polyglottos Northern Parula PR Parula americana Killdeer Northern Rough-winged CO Stelgidopteryx serripennis Swallow.
Recommended publications
  • Vocalization Behavior of the Endangered Bahama Oriole (Icterus Northropi): Ontogenetic, Sexual, Temporal, Duetting Pair, and Geographic Variation Valerie A
    Loma Linda University TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects 3-1-2011 Vocalization Behavior of the Endangered Bahama Oriole (Icterus northropi): Ontogenetic, Sexual, Temporal, Duetting Pair, and Geographic Variation Valerie A. Lee Loma Linda University Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Lee, Valerie A., "Vocalization Behavior of the Endangered Bahama Oriole (Icterus northropi): Ontogenetic, Sexual, Temporal, Duetting Pair, and Geographic Variation" (2011). Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects. 37. http://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/37 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects by an authorized administrator of TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY School of Science and Technology in conjunction with the Faculty of Graduate Studies ____________________ Vocalization Behavior of the Endangered Bahama Oriole (Icterus northropi): Ontogenetic, Sexual, Temporal, Duetting Pair, and Geographic Variation by Valerie A. Lee ____________________ A Thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biology ____________________ March 2011 © 2011 Valerie A. Lee All Rights Reserved Each person whose signature appears below certifies that this thesis in his/her opinion is adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree Master of Science. , Chairperson William K. Hayes, Professor of Biology Stephen G.
    [Show full text]
  • Buri on the Anatomy and Relations of the Swifts
    286 l•ecentLiterature. LI-AukJuly Ridgway on ' New Birds of the Families Tanagrid•e and Icterid•eJl__ This is the seventh of Mr. Ridgway's series of papers describing nexv forms of American birdsT the 'preceding six having been published in 'The Auk,' Vols. XV-XVII (•895-r9oo). In the present paper Mr. Ridgway characterizesof the family Tanagridze one new genus• Irido- 5•hanes(type, Dacniss•ulcherrœmaSclater), and one ne•v speciesand five new subspeciesbelonging to other genera o•: the •amily. Of the •amily Icterid•e he characterizes t•vo new genera, Pseudaffelaius (type, Affelaius imlhurni Sclater), and •anlhojbsar (type, Oriolusj•avus Gmelin), and one new speciesand eight new sub•pecie•. Four o• the subspeciesoccur in the United States• namely, (t) •rclerus cucullalus sennelti, from the Lower Rio GrandeValley; (2) Affelaius•hoent'ceusforlls, ranging during migra- tions •rom Montana and the Indian Territory to and including the Rocky Mountains and southward to Arizona and northern Chihuahua; (3) Ag'•- laiuss•hoeniceusneutralis, ranging from the Great Basin Region o• the United States northward to eastern British Colmnbia and southward to northern lower California; (4) Affelaius 15koeniceuscaurinus, from the Northwest Coast District, ranging from British Columbia to northern California. Unfortunately Mr. Ridgway has adoptedthe name Scas•hidurusSwain- son •or the Boat-tailed Grackles, named 3IegaquLwalus by Cassin, Mr. Ridg•vay overlooking the fact that Sctt•[du•'tzs is a pure synonym of •uiscaltt$• Swainsonsupposing o•uiscalus to be untenableon accountof its supposedprior use in botany.--J. A. A. Buri on the Anatomy and Relations of the Swifts. •--Dr. R. Buri, of Bern, has recently published a lengthy paper • giving the results of an extended study of the wings of Cys•selusmelba and others of the Coracor- nithes; special attention has been given to the nerves of the wings, this portion of the anatomy having been worked out in the most painstaking manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Predation by Gray Catbird on Brown Thrasher Eggs
    March 2004 Notes 101 PREDATION BY GRAY CATBIRD ON BROWN THRASHER EGGS JAMES W. RIVERS* AND BRETT K. SANDERCOCK Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 (JWR) Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 (BKS) Present address of JWR: Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 *Correspondent: [email protected] ABSTRACT The gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) has been documented visiting and breaking the eggs of arti®cial nests, but the implications of such observations are unclear because there is little cost in depredating an undefended nest. During the summer of 2001 at Konza Prairie Bio- logical Station, Kansas, we videotaped a gray catbird that broke and consumed at least 1 egg in a brown thrasher (Toxostoma rufum) nest. Our observation was consistent with egg predation because the catbird consumed the contents of the damaged egg after breaking it. The large difference in body mass suggests that a catbird (37 g) destroying eggs in a thrasher (69 g) nest might risk injury if caught in the act of predation and might explain why egg predation by catbirds has been poorly documented. Our observation indicated that the catbird should be considered as an egg predator of natural nests and that single-egg predation of songbird nests should not be attributed to egg removal by female brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) without additional evidence. RESUMEN El paÂjaro gato gris (Dumetella carolinensis) ha sido documentado visitando y rompien- do los huevos de nidos arti®ciales, pero las implicaciones de dichas observaciones no son claras porque hay poco costo por depredar un nido sin defensa.
    [Show full text]
  • Free-Roaming Cat Interactions with Wildlife Admitted to a Wildlife Hospital
    The Journal of Wildlife Management; DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21181 Note Free-roaming cat interactions with wildlife admitted to a wildlife hospital DAVE L. MCRUER,1 Wildlife Center of Virginia, PO Box 1557, 1800 South Delphine Avenue, Waynesboro, VA 22980, USA LINCOLN C. GRAY, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, James Madison University, MSC 4304, 801 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA LEIGH-ANN HORNE, Wildlife Center of Virginia, PO Box 1557, 1800 South Delphine Avenue, Waynesboro, VA 22980, USA EDWARD E. CLARK JR., Wildlife Center of Virginia, PO Box 1557, 1800 South Delphine Avenue, Waynesboro, VA 22980, USA ABSTRACT Free-roaming domestic cats are a major anthropogenic source of morbidity and mortality to wild birds and mammals in the United States. Permitted wildlife rehabilitators routinely treat cat-caused injuries. However, extent of these activities is under-reported in the scientific literature. To determine incidence, age class, mortality, diversity and frequency of species affected, nature of injuries, time in care, and temporal and geospatial trends associated with interactions between free-roaming cats and wildlife, we conducted a retrospective analysis on 20,921 records from small birds and mammals presented to the Wildlife Center of Virginia (WCV), USA between 2000 and 2010. Cat interaction was the second greatest cause of small-mammal admissions (14.8%), fourth greatest cause of mammal mortality (70.8%), fourth greatest cause of bird admissions (13.7%), and second greatest cause of avian mortality (80.8%). Eighty-three species were admitted following interactions with cats. Age of wildlife admitted following cat interaction varied by class; juvenile mammals were captured most frequently (40.5%), followed by neonates (34%), then adults (25.5%).
    [Show full text]
  • Factors Affecting Feeding and Brooding of Brown Thrasher Nestlings.-The Nest- Ling Period Is a Particularly Stressful Time in the Lives of Birds
    GENERAL NOTES 297 wind. An adult California Gull (Larus c&ornicus) was flying east 5 m above the water, 50 m from the shore, close to 150 Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) that were foraging low over the water. One swallow, heading west, passed 1 m below the gull, which dropped suddenly and caught the swallow with its bill, glided for a few meters and settled on the water. The gull proceeded to manipulate the swallow in its bill for 30 set before swallowing the still moving bird head first. The gull sat on the water for 20 min, then continued its flight to the east. Most reports of adult birds being taken by gulls have occurred while the prey were on land or water, e.g., Manx Shearwater (Puffi nus &&us) and Common Puffins (Fratercula arctica) in nesting colonies as they go to and from their burrows (Harris 1965), sick or injured birds up to the size of geese (Witherby 1948), Rock Doves (Columba &via) (Jyrkkanen 1975) and Eurasian Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) (Drost 1958) at grain piles and ground-dwelling birds which associate with gulls (e.g., Witherby 1948). Gull predation of adult birds on water is much rarer but does occur (Hafft, Condor 73:253, 1971). Attacks and capture of avian prey on the wing has rarely been reported and generally occurs over sea on migration (Drost 1958). Bannerman (1962) reports Herring Gulls (L. argentatus) capturing and eating Redwings (Turdus musicus) and Eurasian Blackbirds (2.’ merula) as they migrate over water by knocking the weary birds into the water.
    [Show full text]
  • L O U I S I a N A
    L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS Written by Bill Fontenot and Richard DeMay Photography by Greg Lavaty and Richard DeMay Designed and Illustrated by Diane K. Baker What is a Sparrow? Generally, sparrows are characterized as New World sparrows belong to the bird small, gray or brown-streaked, conical-billed family Emberizidae. Here in North America, birds that live on or near the ground. The sparrows are divided into 13 genera, which also cryptic blend of gray, white, black, and brown includes the towhees (genus Pipilo), longspurs hues which comprise a typical sparrow’s color (genus Calcarius), juncos (genus Junco), and pattern is the result of tens of thousands of Lark Bunting (genus Calamospiza) – all of sparrow generations living in grassland and which are technically sparrows. Emberizidae is brushland habitats. The triangular or cone- a large family, containing well over 300 species shaped bills inherent to most all sparrow species are perfectly adapted for a life of granivory – of crushing and husking seeds. “Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Sparrows possess well-developed claws on their toes, the evolutionary result of so much time spent on the ground, scratching for seeds only seven species breed here...” through leaf litter and other duff. Additionally, worldwide, 50 of which occur in the United most species incorporate a substantial amount States on a regular basis, and 33 of which have of insect, spider, snail, and other invertebrate been recorded for Louisiana. food items into their diets, especially during Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Opposite page: Bachman Sparrow the spring and summer months.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Northern Bobwhite and Scaled Quail in Western Oklahoma
    P-1054 Research Summary: Evaluation of Northern Bobwhite and Scaled Quail in Western Oklahoma Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Oklahoma State University Research Summary: Evaluation of Northern Bobwhite and Scaled Quail in Western Oklahoma Researchers involved in this study included: Kent Andersson Senior Research Specialist Eric Thacker Post-Doctoral Researcher Matt Carroll, PhD Evan Tanner, PhD Jeremy Orange, MS Rachel Carroll, MS Cameron Duquette, MS Craig Davis Professor and Bollenbach Chair in Wildlife Management Sam Fuhlendorf Professor and Groendyke Chair in Wildlife Conservation Dwayne Elmore Extension Wildlife Specialist, Professor and Bollenbach Chair in Wildlife Management Introduction Results and Implications There are two species of native quail that occur Survival in Oklahoma, the northern bobwhite (hereafter bobwhite), and the scaled quail (or blue quail). During the study, 1,051 mortalities were Both of these species are popular with hunters and recorded at Packsaddle Wildlife Management landowners. Due to a concern about declining Area. Forty-four percent were attributed to quail populations in the state, a cooperative quail mammals, 33 percent to raptors, 9 percent to study between Oklahoma State University and the hunter harvest, 5 percent to unknown predation, Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation 3 percent to weather exposure and 7 percent to was conducted on the Packsaddle and Beaver miscellaneous causes. River Wildlife Management Areas from 2011- At Beaver River Wildlife Management Area, 2017. Broadly, the project was intended to 929 mortalities were recorded. Forty-seven document survival, nest success, brood success, percent were attributed to mammals, 27 percent habitat selection, genetics and movement of quail.
    [Show full text]
  • Birds of Bolivar Peninsula
    6?1@<3<96C.?#2;6;@B9. <B@A<;B1B/<;&<062AF DDD5<B@A<;.B1B/<;<?4 How to Use This Book Range Maps: The Range maps are color coded to show where and when to expect each bird to occur. The maps cover ranges of birds living in North America, including the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Each map shows four ranges: orange for summer, blue for win- ter, yellow for migration, and green for year round. Because birds do not stay strictly inside these boundaries, you may find them wandering far from ranges assigned in this guide, par- ticularly during migration. In some cases, a bird may be so rare that its sightings appear as small dots on the map; a bird may be seen in a certain area, and then disappear shortly after it has been spotted. When a bird is so rare that its range cannot be drawn, the map area will read “No Map Available”. Summer Migration Year Round Winter (non breeding) Definitions and Conventions Common Name: Birds are organized by common name, sex or seasonal or age variation, such as Abert’s Towhee Breeding Male, American Robin Female California Gull 1st Winter. The Latin species name, Order, and Family name are located under the common name, for example: Abert’s Towhee Breeding Male Pipilo aberti Order: PASSERIFORMES Family: Sparrows (Emberizidae) Family Name and Color: The top of every page has a unique color bar associated with each family name.) General: The general heading gives an overview of basic identification details. It describes the coloring of the body, any distinctive marks found in the head, tail, and underparts and the coloring differences between sexes and juveniles.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Assessment for Northern Bobwhite
    Species Status Assessment Class: Birds Family: Odontophoridae Scientific Name: Colinus virginianus Common Name: Northern bobwhite Species synopsis: Northern bobwhites breed and winter in New York—the northern extent of the range—where they occur in open, early-successional habitats and farmland. Northern bobwhite is a game species with an open season. Individuals were released in western New York in the 1930s and 1950s, though the influence of these introductions is unclear (McGowan 2008). Two subspecies, mexicanus and marilandicus, occurred historically in New York, with the former arriving from the west and the latter from the south. The populations within the original ranges of these subspecies are now heterogenous and the species is considered binomial. Northern bobwhites have been declining at an alarming rate for the past 40 years across their range. Breeding Bird Survey data show significant long-term (1966-2010) and short-term (2000- 2010) declines of -3.8% and -4.0% per year respectively for the United States, and -5.1% and -5.3% respectively for the Eastern region. Long-term and short-term BBS trends for New York are significant and declining as well, at -7.3% and -6.4% respectively, though caution is warranted because of small sample sizes. Christmas Bird Count data have documented fewer than 15 individuals in total since the 2006-07 season (McGowan 2007, 2011). Currently in New York, populations of wild, self-sustaining quail are restricted to Long Island. A long-term call-count survey in Suffolk County conducted since 1979 shows a precipitous decline in this region from an annual average of 101 calling males in the 1980s, to 41 calling males in the 1990s, and 10 calling males over the past 12 years.
    [Show full text]
  • A WHITE-EYED SPOTTED TOWHEE OBSERVED in NORTHWESTERN NEBRASKA RICK WRIGHT, 128 Evans Road, Bloomfield, New Jersey 07003; [email protected]
    NOTES A WHITE-EYED SPOTTED TOWHEE OBSERVED IN NORTHWESTERN NEBRASKA RICK WRIGHT, 128 Evans Road, Bloomfield, New Jersey 07003; [email protected] Towhees visually—and in rare cases vocally—resembling the Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) have been reported at least eight times this century in the Nebraska Panhandle (Silcock and Jorgensen 2018), far to the west of that taxon’s expected range. As a result of the resplitting of the Eastern Towhee and Spotted Towhee (P. maculatus) (AOU 1995), observers have begun to once again pay close attention to the appearance and vocalizations of the region’s towhees, a practice that had declined following the species’ earlier taxonomic lumping (AOU 1954). On 20 and 21 May 2018, I observed a Spotted Towhee (presumptively P. m. arcticus, which breeds in the area) with white irides in the campground at the Gilbert- Baker Wildlife Area (42° 46.02' N, 103° 55.67' W) in the extreme northwest of the Nebraska Panhandle, 10 km north of Harrison, Sioux County. I photographed the bird on the first date (Figure 1). The deep saturated black of the head indicated that this individual was a male; the browner primaries were presumably retained juvenile feathers, contrasting with the rest of the formative plumage, identifying this as an individual in its second calendar year. When I returned on the second date, the towhee was accompanied by a female Spotted Towhee of unknown age; her plumage and soft-part colors were unremarkable. Silent the day before, on this occasion the male sang several times, a series of loud ticking notes followed by a lower-pitched, buzzy trill indistinguishable to my ear from the vocalizations of other nearby Spotted Towhees.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Field Management Practices on Northern Bobwhite Habitat
    Effects of Field Management Practices on Northern Bobwhite Habitat John P. Gruchy1, University of Tennessee, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries 2143 Joe Johnson Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996 Craig A. Harper, University of Tennessee, Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries 2143 Joe Johnson Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996 Abstract: Native grasses and forbs have been promoted in conservation programs to enhance habitat for northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). How- ever, high seeding rates and a lack of management result in vegetative structure that is less than optimal. We implemented six management practices (November disk, March disk, March burn, March mowing, strip-herbicide application, and September burn) with a control on an unmanaged field of planted native warm-season grass in East Tennessee, 2003–2004, to evaluate effects on habitat for northern bobwhite. We recorded vegetation compo- sition, vegetation structure, and biomass of invertebrate orders preferred by bobwhite broods, 2004–2005. Disking treatments increased coverage of bobwhite food plants and reduced planted native grass cover. Disking and burning treatments enhanced vertical cover and openness at ground level and decreased litter in the season after treatment. March burning increased native grass cover and decreased undesirable grass cover. Structural and compositional variables did not differ between March mowing and control throughout the study. No treatment differences were observed in inverte- brate biomass. We recommend burning and disking regimes
    [Show full text]
  • Food Habits and Feeding Behavior of the Baltimore Oriole in Costa Rica
    FOOD HABITS AND FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF THE BALTIMORE ORIOLE IN COSTA RICA RICHARD L. TIMKEN ALTIMORE Orioles (Zcterus galbula) are mainly insectivorous during B their summer residence in North America (Bent, 1958)) but little is known of their food habits while wintering in Central America and northern South America. Slud (1964) mentions that this bird has a varied behavior and diet while in Costa Rica, and A. F. Skutch is reported as saying that Baltimore Orioles subsist on a variety of animal and plant foods (Bent, 1958). However, no qualitative or quantitative data are available concerning the food habits and feeding behavior of this species. In Costa Rica the species occupies a wider range of habitat than do the native orioles and exceeds them in total numbers (Slud, 1964). This study was undertaken to obtain some data concerning the habits of this successful species during its stay in Costa Rica. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted at seven different sites in five of the seven Costa Rican Provinces. Collections were obtained at: Taboga, Guanacaste Province; Heredia, Heredia Province; Turrialba, Cartago Province; and San Isidro, San Jose Province. Observations of feeding behavior were obtained at the collection sites and at three other sites: San Jose, San Jose Province; San Vito, and Rincon, Puntarenas Province. Birds were collected with shotguns at different hours on several dates. Stomachs from collected specimens were removed as quickly as possible, slit and preserved in a 70 per cent ethanol solution. The number of each item was recorded per stomach and the per cent by volume of each kind of food item was estimated.
    [Show full text]