Y9 Causes and Events of the First World War

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Y9 Causes and Events of the First World War

Year 9 History: Topic 1 Key Individuals Trench Warfare Causes and Events of the First World War Archduke Franz Ferdinand – heir to the throne of Austria- Causes of the First World War: Hungary Assassination of Franz Ferdinand – on the 28th June 1914 the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne was killed by a Bosnian Serb, Princip Gavrilo Princip – Bosnian Serb assassin and member of The Alliance System – Europe’s main powers had formed two rival the Black Hand Gang alliances. In 1914 following the assassination these two power blocs went to war Kaiser Wilhelm II – Emperor of Germany The Triple Entente – Britain, France and Russia Tsar Nicholas II – Emperor of The Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy (Italy joined Russia. Overthrown in the Entente powers in 1915, Turkey joined the Alliance the same Revolution of 1917 and year) executed in early 1918 Nationalism – there was a growing belief in nationalism across David Lloyd- George – British Europe , this fuelled the war and led many people to fight Prime Minister from 1916 Imperialism – Europe’s main powers had global empires. When they Field Marshal Douglas Haig went to war in 1914, so did people in their Empire. E.g. Indians, – commander of British Australians and Canadians fought alongside the British forces forces from 1915 onwards Key Vocabulary The Arms Race – massive military spending made war more likely to Assassination – politically motivated murder start and the First World War longer when it did begin Attrition – battles planned to wear down the enemy Trench – network of defences (see above) German-British Rivalry – Germany was a growing world power keen Stalemate – deadlock, neither side able to breakthrough to rival Britain and its Empire. Germany and Britain were involved in Western Front – front lines running through Belgium and a naval arms race France Battle of the Somme – July 1st-November 1916. British attack which saw very high casualty rates Conscription – policy of forcing men to serve in armed forces (from 1916) Propaganda – information (often biased) made to Europe in 1914 influence opinion. Often produced by government.

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Wwi 1914 - 1918
ABSTRACT This booklet will introduce you to the key events before and during the First World War. Taking place from 1914 – 1918, millions of people across the world lost their lives in what was supposed to be ‘the war to end all wars’. Fighting on this scale had never been seen before. The work in this booklet will help you understand why such a horrific conflict begun. Ms Marsh WWI 1914 - 1918 Year 8 History Why did the First World War begin? L.O: I can explain the causes of the First World War. 1. In what year did the war begin? 2. In what year did the war end? 3. How many years did it last? (Do now answers at end of booklet) The First World War begun in August 1914. It took the world by surprise, and seemed to happen overnight. In reality, tension between countries in Europe had been increasing for some years before. The final event that triggered war, the assassination of a young heir to the Austria – Hungary throne, demonstrates how this tension had been building. Europe in the early 20th century was a place where newly formed countries such as Italy started to challenge the dominance of countries with empires. An empire is when one country rules over others around the world. Some countries began to demand their independence and did not want to be ruled by an empire. The map opposite shows just how vast the empires of Europe were; Britain had control of Australia, New Zealand, Canada, East and South Africa and India.
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Timeline of Start Of
ASSASSINATION LEADS TO EUROPEAN ALLIED POWERS WORLD WAR CENTRAL POWERS Statement of Inquiry Alliances between nations with common interests lead to conflicts with long-term consequences. RUSSIA GERMANY GERMANY The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand FRANCE AUSTRIA- in June 1914 was the “spark” of the worst war the HUNGARY world had ever seen. In just over a month, the Bosnia assassination had led to war between the major OTTOMAN EMPIRE powers of Europe (including their colonies)… June 28, 1914 July 28, 1914 August 1-3, 1914 August 3, 1914 August 4, 1914 Assassination of Austria-Hungary Germany declares Germany invades Britain declares war Archduke Ferdinand declares war on war on Russia and Belgium on its way on Germany Serbia believes the Slavic Serbia; Russia France to attack France Britain has a long- people of Europe should mobilizes against Germany, to support their Germany’s border with standing treaty with Belgium in which Britain not be ruled by Austria- Austria-Hungary ally Austria-Hungary, France is too heavily Hungary. Bosnia is part declares war on Russia. defended for Germany to agreed to defend Austria-Hungary blames of Austria-Hungary, but Because Russia is allied attack France directly. Belgium’s independence. Serbia for the Serbia thinks Bosnia with France, Germany Germany asks Belgium Germany’s invasion of assassination of their should belong to them. also declares war on for permission to attack Belgium leaves Britain archduke. Austria-Hungary When Archduke (future France two days later. France through Belgium. with no choice but to declares war on Serbia. emperor) Franz-Ferdinand Meanwhile, Germany Belgium says no, but honor this treaty and join Russia, an ally of Serbia, of Austria-Hungary visits makes a secret alliance Germany invades the war against Germany.
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French Press, Public Opinion and the Murder of Franz Ferdinand In
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When Diplomats Fail: Aostrian and Rossian Reporting from Belgrade, 1914
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How Did the First World War Start?
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Germany Austria-Hungary Russia France Britain Italy Belgium
Causes of The First World War Europe 1914 Britain Russia Germany Belgium France Austria-Hungary Serbia Italy Turkey What happened? The incident that triggered the start of the war was a young Serb called Gavrilo Princip shooting the Archduke of Austria, Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo. Gavrilo Princip Franz Ferdinand This led to... The Cambria Daily Leader, 29 June 1914 The Carmarthen Journal and South Wales Weekly Adver@ser, 31 July, 1914 How did this incident create a world war? Countries formed partnerships or alliances with other countries to protect them if they were attacked. After Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia others joined in to defend their allies. Gavrilo Princip shoots the Arch- duke of Austria, Franz Ferdinand. Britain and Italy has an France have Austria- agreement with an Hungary Germany agreement defends Germany Russia and with Russia defends declares Austria- Hungary Austria- and join the Serbia war on Hungary war Serbia but refuses to join the war. Timeline - first months of War 28 June 1914 - Gavrilo Princip shoots 28 June, 1914 the Archduke of Austria, Franz Ferdiand and his wife in Sarajevo 28 July 1914 - Austria-Hungary declares war against Serbia. 28 July 1914 - Russia prepares for war against Austria-Hungary to protect Serbia. 4 August, 1914 1 August 1914 - Germany declares war against Russia to support Austria- Hungary. 3 August 1914 - Germany and France declare war against each other. 4 August 1914 - Germany attacks France through Belgium. Britain declares war against Germany to defend Belgium. War Begins - The Schlieffen Plan The Germans had been preparing for war for years and had devised a plan known as the ‘Schlieffen Plan’ to attack France and Russia.
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4 August 1914
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