DOCSLIB.ORG

Corticolous Sorediate Lecanora Species (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) Containing Atranorin in Europe

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Corticolous Sorediate Lecanora Species (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) Containing Atranorin in Europe The Lichenologist 49(5): 431–455 (2017) © British Lichen Society, 2017 doi:10.1017/S002428291700038X Corticolous sorediate Lecanora species (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) containing atranorin in Europe Jiří MALÍČEK, Franz BERGER, Zdeněk PALICE and Jan VONDRÁK Abstract: Sixteen sorediate epiphytic species of Lecanora with atranorin from Europe are reported here. Lecanora substerilis is described as a new species from Carpathian beech forests in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania and Ukraine; it belongs to the L. subfusca group in its strict sense and is characterized by its usually verrucose thallus, sorediate apothecial margin, epihymenium with coarse granules at paraphyses tips, amphithecium with large crystals and it produces atranorin and fatty acid(s). A new, yellow chemotype of L. barkmaniana containing pulvinic acid derivatives is recognized from Austria. Morphological, ecological and chemical variation in L. exspersa, L. farinaria and L. variolascens is discussed in detail, and brief comments on the remaining 11 species are provided. Evaluation of the type material and molecular data indicate that the predominantly saxicolous L. caesiosora is a sorediate form of L. cenisia. Molecular data confirmed the identities of the sorediate forms of L. albella and L. allophana that are conspecific with their fertile counterparts. New Central European localities are listed for the rare species, L. barkmaniana, L. exspersa, L. mughosphagneti, L. norvegica and L. variolascens. Positions in ITS and mtSSU phylogenies are outlined for most species. Identification keys to fertile as well as sterile populations are provided. Key words: epiphytic lichens, Lecanora subfusca group, Lecanora substerilis, old-growth beech forests, pulvinic acid Accepted for publication 12 March 2017 Introduction L. exspersa, L. impudens) to those covering almost the entire thallus (e.g. L. barkmaniana, Members of the genus Lecanora, as currently L. thysanophora). It is difficult to identify many recognized, are mainly characterized by their predominantly sterile species and thus chemo- lecanorine apothecia and a crustose or rarely taxonomic methods, mainly spot tests or thin- placodioid thallus. Sexual reproduction layer chromatography, are necessary for their predominates but vegetative reproduction correct identification (e.g. Brodo et al. 1994; by soredia is also quite common. Sorediate Malíček 2014; Zduńczyk & Kukwa 2014). European species usually have a crustose This study focuses on sorediate taxa thallus; leprose (e.g. L. expallens, L. rouxii)and occurring on tree bark or wood which con- placodioid (only in saxicolous L. lisbonensis tain atranorin and/or chloratranorin as a and L. lojkaeana) growth forms are rare. major secondary metabolite. Some sterile Soralia vary from small delimited ones (e.g. specimens cannot be unambiguously identi- fied without DNA sequence data due to the J. Malíček and Z. Palice: Institute of Botany, Academy large within-species variabilities and a limited of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zámek 1, 252 43 number of phenotypic characters. In con- Průhonice, Czech Republic; and Department of trast, our sequence data of mtSSU and ITS Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2. Email: loci did not distinguish some closely related [email protected] species that we still regard as ‘good species’ F. Berger: Raiffeisenweg 130, A 4794 Kopfing, Austria. with respect to their differences in anatomical, J. Vondrák: Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences chemical and ecological characters. ů of the Czech Republic, Zámek 1, 252 43 Pr honice; During our research on forest lichen and Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sci- ences, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, diversity in Central Europe in recent years, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic. several unidentified sorediate crusts have Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 37.221.244.57, on 19 Sep 2017 at 11:32:13, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002428291700038X 432 THE LICHENOLOGIST Vol. 49 been collected, some of which could belong quick isolations of non-problematic loci, for example to new taxa of Lecanora or to new chemotypes nrITS and mtSSU regions in some richly fertile taxa (e.g. with gangaleoidin) of already known (L. argentata, L. chlarotera) or very fresh material. There- after, Invisorb Spin Plant Mini Kit (Invitek) and CTAB species. One crust collected at several local- protocol (Cubero et al. 1999) were used with better results. ities, which was proved by DNA sequence The fungal nuclear ITS region and mitochondrial SSU data to be Lecanora, was distinctive and is were amplified with the following primers: ITS1F (Gardes described here as new. Five other taxa are & Bruns 1993) and ITS4 (White et al. 1990), mrSSU1, fl mrSSU2 and mrSSU3R (Zoller et al. 1999). We also treated in detail, the others are brie y com- tested nuclear IGS, Mcm7, LSU, SSU and protein-coding mented upon. Identification keys (for speci- β-tubulin, RPB2 and TEF; these were used mainly in mens with apothecia and for sterile problematic sterile samples where no or only one-locus specimens) to all 16 species known from data were available. However, the amplification was Europe are provided. Generally, this group of unsuccessful in almost all cases. fi PCR reactions of nrITS and mtSSU were prepared for lichens is taxonomically very dif cult, and a20µl final volume containing 14 µl of double-distilled detailed TLC and DNA analyses are recom- water, 4 µl MyTaq polymerase reaction buffer, 0·2 µl mended for correct identifications. MyTaq DNA polymerase, 0·4 µl of each of the 25 mM primers and 1 µl of the sample. Amplifications of both loci consisted of an initial 1 min denaturation at Material and Methods 95 °C, followed by 35 cycles of 1 min at 95 °C, 1 min at 55–56 °C, 1 min at 72 °C, and a final extension of 7 min This study is based on material collected by the authors fi · and deposited either in private or public herbaria (FB: hb. at 72 °C. The PCR products were quanti ed on a 0 8% F. Berger, JM: hb. J. Malíček, PRA). In addition, other agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide and cleaned specimens, including type material, were studied in B, BG, with GenElute PCR Clean-Up Kit (Sigma), according to the manufacturer’s protocols, or with the sodium BM, BRA, E (collections of B. J. Coppins), GZU, H, L, fi M, PRA (collections of Z. Palice and J. Vondrák), PRA-V, acetate/ethanol puri cation method. In total, 30 new S, SZU and UPS. Type material of Lecanora farinaria and nuclear ITS and 60 mtSSU sequences were generated L. inversa was examined only via JStor Global Plants. (Table 1). Unfortunately, we were unable to obtain sequences from five species due to the lack of fresh material Anatomical and chemical examination (L. viridissima, epiphytic L. cenisia f. soredians) and difficulties with gene amplification (L. jamesii, Microscopic descriptions are based on hand-cut L. mughosphagneti, L. norvegica). Acquiring sequences of sections mounted in water. The solubility of epihymenial many sterile species was very problematic and often had crystals was studied in 50% HNO . The amphithecium 3 limited success. For example, the ITS region from and apothecial cortex were observed in KOH. Crystals and L. impudens, L. thysanophora and L. allophana f. sorediata granules in apothecia were observed in polarized light was unsuccessfully amplified in all attempts, despite (POL). For the terminology of anatomical characters, the employing various troubleshooting methods (touch- work of Brodo (1984) was followed. Thin-layer chroma- down PCR, nested PCR, tuning PCR settings, applica- tography (TLC), with a few minor modifications, followed tion of specific primers etc.). It was also necessary to use the methods of Orange et al. (2010). Lichen compounds only a short mtSSU region (SSU2 × SSU3R) of c. 400 were applied on a set of three glass plates and placed into BP in many cases because it had higher efficiency than a A, B' and C solvents. The distance between starting and long one (SSU1 × SSU3R) of c. 700 BP. Some species finishing lines was c. 100 mm. Two or three drops (L. allophana f. sorediata, L. farinaria) are represented (according to the quantity of tested material) of acetone only by one or two sequences due to a limited amount were added to each test tube. Fatty acids were detected by of fresh material and the amplification problems dipping each of these plates into water tanks. Chlora- discussed above. tranorin was not distinguished from atranorin by TLC; their mutual presence is constant in all involved species but this is not repeated in species descriptions. Five samples Alignment and phylogenetic analysis extracted in methanol were analyzed by LC-MS (liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry), following the Sequences were edited in BioEdit 7.2.5 free methods of Valný et al. (2016) with a few modifications: the software (Hall 1999) and then aligned by the online analyses were performed under a linear gradient program application MAFFT version 7 (Katoh & Standley · · · 2013) with L-INS-i method (Katoh et al. 2005). The (min/%B) 0/5, 1 5/5, 12 5/58 followed by a 1 5-min fi column clean-up (100% B) and 1·5 min equilibration alignments were manually revised. The nal ITS align- (5% B). The total analysis time was 20 min. ment contained 613 positions and 48 sequences; the mtSSU alignment had 895 positions and 70 sequences. DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing Gaps were coded in SeqState by simple coding (Simmons & Ochoterena 2000). Molecular phylogenies Initially, simple NaOH extraction (Werner et al. 2002) were reconstructed by Bayesian inference as incorporated was used for DNA isolations. This is recommended for in MrBayes 3.1.2 (Huelsenbeck & Ronquist 2001; Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 37.221.244.57, on 19 Sep 2017 at 11:32:13, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cuivre Bryophytes
    Trip Report for: Cuivre River State Park Species Count: 335 Date: Multiple Visits Lincoln County Agency: MODNR Location: Lincoln Hills - Bryophytes Participants: Bryophytes from Natural Resource Inventory Database Bryophyte List from NRIDS and Bruce Schuette Species Name (Synonym) Common Name Family COFC COFW Acarospora unknown Identified only to Genus Acarosporaceae Lichen Acrocordia megalospora a lichen Monoblastiaceae Lichen Amandinea dakotensis a button lichen (crustose) Physiaceae Lichen Amandinea polyspora a button lichen (crustose) Physiaceae Lichen Amandinea punctata a lichen Physiaceae Lichen Amanita citrina Citron Amanita Amanitaceae Fungi Amanita fulva Tawny Gresette Amanitaceae Fungi Amanita vaginata Grisette Amanitaceae Fungi Amblystegium varium common willow moss Amblystegiaceae Moss Anisomeridium biforme a lichen Monoblastiaceae Lichen Anisomeridium polypori a crustose lichen Monoblastiaceae Lichen Anomodon attenuatus common tree apron moss Anomodontaceae Moss Anomodon minor tree apron moss Anomodontaceae Moss Anomodon rostratus velvet tree apron moss Anomodontaceae Moss Armillaria tabescens Ringless Honey Mushroom Tricholomataceae Fungi Arthonia caesia a lichen Arthoniaceae Lichen Arthonia punctiformis a lichen Arthoniaceae Lichen Arthonia rubella a lichen Arthoniaceae Lichen Arthothelium spectabile a lichen Uncertain Lichen Arthothelium taediosum a lichen Uncertain Lichen Aspicilia caesiocinerea a lichen Hymeneliaceae Lichen Aspicilia cinerea a lichen Hymeneliaceae Lichen Aspicilia contorta a lichen Hymeneliaceae Lichen
    [Show full text]
  • Opuscula Philolichenum, 6: 1-XXXX
    Opuscula Philolichenum, 15: 56-81. 2016. *pdf effectively published online 25July2016 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) Lichens, lichenicolous fungi, and allied fungi of Pipestone National Monument, Minnesota, U.S.A., revisited M.K. ADVAITA, CALEB A. MORSE1,2 AND DOUGLAS LADD3 ABSTRACT. – A total of 154 lichens, four lichenicolous fungi, and one allied fungus were collected by the authors from 2004 to 2015 from Pipestone National Monument (PNM), in Pipestone County, on the Prairie Coteau of southwestern Minnesota. Twelve additional species collected by previous researchers, but not found by the authors, bring the total number of taxa known for PNM to 171. This represents a substantial increase over previous reports for PNM, likely due to increased intensity of field work, and also to the marked expansion of corticolous and anthropogenic substrates since the site was first surveyed in 1899. Reexamination of 116 vouchers deposited in MIN and the PNM herbarium led to the exclusion of 48 species previously reported from the site. Crustose lichens are the most common growth form, comprising 65% of the lichen diversity. Sioux Quartzite provided substrate for 43% of the lichen taxa collected. Saxicolous lichen communities were characterized by sampling four transects on cliff faces and low outcrops. An annotated checklist of the lichens of the site is provided, as well as a list of excluded taxa. We report 24 species (including 22 lichens and two lichenicolous fungi) new for Minnesota: Acarospora boulderensis, A. contigua, A. erythrophora, A. strigata, Agonimia opuntiella, Arthonia clemens, A. muscigena, Aspicilia americana, Bacidina delicata, Buellia tyrolensis, Caloplaca flavocitrina, C. lobulata, C.
    [Show full text]
  • Lichens and Associated Fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska
    The Lichenologist (2020), 52,61–181 doi:10.1017/S0024282920000079 Standard Paper Lichens and associated fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska Toby Spribille1,2,3 , Alan M. Fryday4 , Sergio Pérez-Ortega5 , Måns Svensson6, Tor Tønsberg7, Stefan Ekman6 , Håkon Holien8,9, Philipp Resl10 , Kevin Schneider11, Edith Stabentheiner2, Holger Thüs12,13 , Jan Vondrák14,15 and Lewis Sharman16 1Department of Biological Sciences, CW405, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada; 2Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; 3Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA; 4Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; 5Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC), Departamento de Micología, Calle Claudio Moyano 1, E-28014 Madrid, Spain; 6Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; 7Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen Allégt. 41, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; 8Faculty of Bioscience and Aquaculture, Nord University, Box 2501, NO-7729 Steinkjer, Norway; 9NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; 10Faculty of Biology, Department I, Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Menzinger Straße 67, 80638 München, Germany; 11Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; 12Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; 13Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; 14Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; 15Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic and 16Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Pleurotus, and Tremella
    J, Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research Copy rights@ Waill A. Elkhateeb et.al. AUCTORES Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research Waill A. Elkhateeb * Globalize your Research Open Access Research Article Mycotherapy of the good and the tasty medicinal mushrooms Lentinus, Pleurotus, and Tremella Waill A. Elkhateeb1* and Ghoson M. Daba1 1 Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt. *Corresponding Author: Waill A. Elkhateeb, Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt. Received date: February 13, 2020; Accepted date: February 26, 2021; Published date: March 06, 2021 Citation: Waill A. Elkhateeb and Ghoson M. Daba (2021) Mycotherapy of the good and the tasty medicinal mushrooms Lentinus, Pleurotus, and Tremella J. Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research. 4(2); DOI: 10.31579/2693-7247/29 Copyright: © 2021, Waill A. Elkhateeb, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Fungi generally and mushrooms secondary metabolites specifically represent future factories and potent biotechnological tools for the production of bioactive natural substances, which could extend the healthy life of humanity. The application of microbial secondary metabolites in general and mushrooms metabolites in particular in various fields of biotechnology has attracted the interests of many researchers. This review focused on Lentinus, Pleurotus, and Tremella as a model of edible mushrooms rich in therapeutic agents that have known medicinal applications. Keyword: lentinus; pleurotus; tremella; biological activities Introduction of several diseases such as cancer, hypertension, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and others [14, 15].
    [Show full text]
  • Candelariella Reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau, Hedwigia 52: 196 (1912) NOMBRE COMÚN: Sin Nombre Común
    FICHA DE ANTECEDENTES DE ESPECIE Id especie: NOMBRE CIENTÍFICO: Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau, Hedwigia 52: 196 (1912) NOMBRE COMÚN: Sin nombre común Fotografía de Candelariella reflexa, Parque Panul, Región Metropolitana, (autor: Reinaldo Vargas; [email protected]) Reino: Fungi Orden: Candelariales Phyllum/División: Ascomycota Familia: Candelariaceae Clase: Candelariomycetes Género: Candelariella Sinonimia: Caloplaca reflexa (Nyl.) Flagey, Revue mycol., Toulouse 10(no. 39): 130 (1888) Caloplaca vitellina f. reflexa (Nyl.) Boistel, Nouv. Flore Lich., Edn 2: 190 (1903) Candelaria reflexa (Nyl.) Arnold, Flora, Regensburg 62: 397 (1879) Gyalolechia reflexa (Nyl.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Die Flecht. Tirol: 200 (1902) Lecanora reflexa (Nyl.) Nyl., Lich. Envir. Paris: 51 (1896) Lecanora vitellina var. reflexa Nyl., Bull. Soc. bot. Fr. 13: 241 (1866) Nota Taxonómica: ANTECEDENTES GENERALES Aspectos Morfológicos Talo crustoso de gránulos dispersos o mas o menos contiguos, a subescuamuloso, indeterminado, formando parches irregulares, escuámulas de hasta 1 mm de diámetro, usualmente de menor tamaño, redondeadas o lobadas a subesteladas, más bien aplanadas apresas, de color amarillo verdoso opaco a amarillo brillante, los márgenes usualmente erosionando en soredias finas y granulares, soredios de hasta 0,1 mm de diámetro, esféricos, de color amarillo brillante, usualmente coalescentes y cubriendo la superficie superior de las escuamulas, tendiendo a formar una superficie más o menos continua de aspecto leproso. Apotecios raros, de 0,5-1 mm de diámetro, márgenes suaves a parcialmente sorediados, disco amarillo pálido a amarillo-naranjo brillante. Ascas con 8 esporas, ascosporas oblongas a elipsoidales, ligeramente curvadas, 10–16 × 4.5–5.5 μm (Westberg 2004, Galloway 2007) Aspectos Reproductivos y Conductuales Reproducción sexual por esporas, sin observaciones de esporas asexuales.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Profile of Afghanistan
    NEPA Biodiversity Profile of Afghanistan An Output of the National Capacity Needs Self-Assessment for Global Environment Management (NCSA) for Afghanistan June 2008 United Nations Environment Programme Post-Conflict and Disaster Management Branch First published in Kabul in 2008 by the United Nations Environment Programme. Copyright © 2008, United Nations Environment Programme. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. United Nations Environment Programme Darulaman Kabul, Afghanistan Tel: +93 (0)799 382 571 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.unep.org DISCLAIMER The contents of this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of UNEP, or contributory organizations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP or contributory organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Unless otherwise credited, all the photos in this publication have been taken by the UNEP staff. Design and Layout: Rachel Dolores
    [Show full text]
  • A Field Guide to Biological Soil Crusts of Western U.S. Drylands Common Lichens and Bryophytes
    A Field Guide to Biological Soil Crusts of Western U.S. Drylands Common Lichens and Bryophytes Roger Rosentreter Matthew Bowker Jayne Belnap Photographs by Stephen Sharnoff Roger Rosentreter, Ph.D. Bureau of Land Management Idaho State Office 1387 S. Vinnell Way Boise, ID 83709 Matthew Bowker, Ph.D. Center for Environmental Science and Education Northern Arizona University Box 5694 Flagstaff, AZ 86011 Jayne Belnap, Ph.D. U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center Canyonlands Research Station 2290 S. West Resource Blvd. Moab, UT 84532 Design and layout by Tina M. Kister, U.S. Geological Survey, Canyonlands Research Station, 2290 S. West Resource Blvd., Moab, UT 84532 All photos, unless otherwise indicated, copyright © 2007 Stephen Sharnoff, Ste- phen Sharnoff Photography, 2709 10th St., Unit E, Berkeley, CA 94710-2608, www.sharnoffphotos.com/. Rosentreter, R., M. Bowker, and J. Belnap. 2007. A Field Guide to Biological Soil Crusts of Western U.S. Drylands. U.S. Government Printing Office, Denver, Colorado. Cover photos: Biological soil crust in Canyonlands National Park, Utah, cour- tesy of the U.S. Geological Survey. 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... 4 How to use this guide .................................................................................... 4 Introduction ................................................................................................... 4 Crust composition ..................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Remarkable Records of Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi Found During a Nordic Lichen Society Meeting in Estonia
    Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 57: 73–84 (2020) https://doi.org/10.12697/fce.2020.57.09 Where the interesting species grow – remarkable records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi found during a Nordic Lichen Society meeting in Estonia Ave Suija1, Inga Jüriado1, Piret Lõhmus1, Rolands Moisejevs2, Jurga Motiejūnaitė3, Andrei Tsurykau4,5, Martin Kukwa6 1Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, EE-51005 Tartu, Estonia. E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, Parades 1A, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų Ežerų 49, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania. E-mail: [email protected] 4Department of Biology, Francisk Skorina Gomel State University, Sovetskaja 104, BY-246019 Gomel, Belarus. E-mail: [email protected] 5Department of Ecology, Botany and Nature Protection, Institute of Natural Sciences, Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye road 34, RU-443086 Samara, Russia 6Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80–308 Gdańsk, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: In August 2019, the Nordic Lichen Society held its bi-annual meeting and excursion in south-western Estonia. The most remarkable findings of lichenized and lichenicolous fungi are recorded herewith, including nine new species (of them two lichenicolous), and one new intraspecific taxon for the country. Full species lists are provided for two notable locations, sandstone outcrop at the river Pärnu and an oak woodland in the Naissoo Nature Reserve, for which no previous data were available, to illustrate the importance of collective survey effort.
    [Show full text]
  • A Molecular Phylogeny of the Lichen Genus Lecidella Focusing on Species from Mainland China
    RESEARCH ARTICLE A Molecular Phylogeny of the Lichen Genus Lecidella Focusing on Species from Mainland China Xin Zhao1, Lu Lu Zhang1, Zun Tian Zhao1, Wei Cheng Wang1, Steven D. Leavitt2,3, Helge Thorsten Lumbsch2* 1 College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China, 2 Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, 3 Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America * [email protected] Abstract The phylogeny of Lecidella species is studied, based on a 7-locus data set using ML and OPEN ACCESS Bayesian analyses. Phylogenetic relationships among 43 individuals representing 11 Leci- della species, mainly from mainland China, were included in the analyses and phenotypical Citation: Zhao X, Zhang LL, Zhao ZT, Wang WC, characters studied and mapped onto the phylogeny. The Lecidella species fall into three Leavitt SD, Lumbsch HT (2015) A Molecular Phylogeny of the Lichen Genus Lecidella Focusing major clades, which are proposed here as three informal groups–Lecidella stigmatea group, on Species from Mainland China. PLoS ONE 10(9): L. elaeochroma group and L. enteroleucella group, each of them strongly supported. Our e0139405. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139405 phylogenetic analyses support traditional species delimitation based on morphological and Editor: Nico Cellinese, University of Florida, UNITED chemical traits in most but not all cases. Individuals considered as belonging to the same STATES species based on phenotypic characters were found to be paraphyletic, indicating that cryp- Received: July 20, 2015 tic species might be hidden under these names (e.g. L. carpathica and L.
    [Show full text]
  • Piedmont Lichen Inventory
    PIEDMONT LICHEN INVENTORY: BUILDING A LICHEN BIODIVERSITY BASELINE FOR THE PIEDMONT ECOREGION OF NORTH CAROLINA, USA By Gary B. Perlmutter B.S. Zoology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 1991 A Thesis Submitted to the Staff of The North Carolina Botanical Garden University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Advisor: Dr. Johnny Randall As Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Certificate in Native Plant Studies 15 May 2009 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 2 This Final Project, whose results are reported herein with sections also published in the scientific literature, is dedicated to Daniel G. Perlmutter, who urged that I return to academia. And to Theresa, Nichole and Dakota, for putting up with my passion in lichenology, which brought them from southern California to the Traingle of North Carolina. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………….4 Chapter I: The North Carolina Lichen Checklist…………………………………………………7 Chapter II: Herbarium Surveys and Initiation of a New Lichen Collection in the University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU)………………………………………………………..9 Chapter III: Preparatory Field Surveys I: Battle Park and Rock Cliff Farm……………………13 Chapter IV: Preparatory Field Surveys II: State Park Forays…………………………………..17 Chapter V: Lichen Biota of Mason Farm Biological Reserve………………………………….19 Chapter VI: Additional Piedmont Lichen Surveys: Uwharrie Mountains…………………...…22 Chapter VII: A Revised Lichen Inventory of North Carolina Piedmont …..…………………...23 Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………..72 Appendices………………………………………………………………………………….…..73 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 4 INTRODUCTION Lichens are composite organisms, consisting of a fungus (the mycobiont) and a photosynthesising alga and/or cyanobacterium (the photobiont), which together make a life form that is distinct from either partner in isolation (Brodo et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Characteristics of Secondary Metabolites from Isolated Lichen Mycobionts
    Symbiosis, 31 (2001) 23-33 23 Balaban, Philadelphia/Rehovot Characteristics of Secondary Metabolites from Isolated Lichen Mycobionts N. HAMADAl*, T. TANAHASHI2, H. MIYAGAWA3, and H. MIYAWAKI4 l Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, 8-34 Tojo-cha, Tennoji, Osaka 543-0026, Japan, Tel. +81-6-6771-3197, Fax. +81-6-6772-0676, E-mail. [email protected]; 2 Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Tel.&Fax. +81-78-441-7546; 30ivision of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, Tel.&Fax. +81-75-753-6123; 4Faculty of Culture and Education, Saga University, 1 Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502, Japan, Tel.&Fax. +81-952-28-8310, E-mail. [email protected] Received August 9, 2000; Accepted November 15, 2000 Abstract Secondary metabolites, produced by polyspore-derived lichen mycobionts but not by the lichens themselves, were studied. Each of the substances was found in the mycobionts of several rather than one specific species of worldwide distribution. Their appearance as crystals on slant cultures and their nature were similar regardless of the species of lichen mycobiont. Another notable characteristic of these substances was that they were often toxic to photobionts. The biological significance of these metabolites is discussed from the viewpoint of lichen symbiosis. Keywords: Lichen symbiosis, secondary metabolites, mycobiont Presented at the Fourth International Association of Lichenology Symposium, September 3-8, 2000, Barcelona, Spain *The author to whom correspondence should be sent. 0334-5114/2001/$05.50 ©2001 Balaban 24 N. HAMADA ET AL.
    [Show full text]
  • Butlletí 82 (2018)
    82 Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’Història Natural 82 Barcelona 2018 Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’HistòriaButlletí de la Institució Catalana Natural 2018 Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’Història Natural, 82: 3-4. 2018 ISSN 2013-3987 (online edition): ISSN: 1133-6889 (print edition)3 nota BREU NOTA BREU Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982 (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) has arrived in Spain Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982 (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) ha arribat a Espanya Juan Luis Jara-Chiquito* & Juli Pujade-Villar* * Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Biologia. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (Secció invertebrats). Diagonal, 643. 08028 Barcelona (Catalunya). A/e: [email protected], [email protected] Rebut: 25.11.2017. Acceptat: 12.12.2017. Publicat: 08.01.2018 a b Figure 1. SEM pictures of Torymus sinensis collected in Catalonia: (a) male antenna, (b) female habitus. Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 (Hym., Cynipi- untries took this initiative as well: France from 2011-2013 dae), an Oriental pest in chestnut (Castanea spp), was detect- (Borowiec et al., 2014), Croatia and Hungary in 2014-2015 ed for the first time in the Iberian Peninsula in 2012 (Pujade- (Matoševič et al., 2015) and Slovenia in 2015 (Matošević et Villar et al., 2013). It was introduced accidentally in Europe, al., 2015). Once released this species does not only occupy via Italy in 2002, according to (Brussino et al., 2002). the area of liberation but spreads into others due to its gre- Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982 (Fig. 1) is a parasitoid, nati- at mobility. There have been some test-releases in Spain and ve from China, and a specific species attackingD.
    [Show full text]