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UNITED Kingdompolitical Killings in Northern Ireland EUR 45/001/94 TABLE of CONTENTS
UNITED KINGDOMPolitical Killings in Northern Ireland EUR 45/001/94 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 Killings by members of the security forces ........................................................... 3 Investigative Procedures: practice and standards ...................................... 8 The Use of Lethal Force: Laws and Regulations/International Standards ..................................................................................... 12 Collusion between security forces and armed groups ........................................ 14 The Stevens Inquiry 1989-90 ..................................................................... 14 The Case of Brian Nelson .......................................................................... 16 The Killing of Patrick Finucane .................................................................. 20 The Stevens Inquiry 1993 .......................................................................... 23 Other Allegations of Collusion .................................................................... 25 Amnesty International's Concerns about Allegations of Collusion ............ 29 Killings by Armed Political Groups ...................................................................... 34 Introduction ................................................................................................. 34 Human Rights Abuses by Republican Armed Groups .............................. 35 IRA Bombings -
In Defense of Propaganda: the Republican Response to State
IN DEFENSE OF PROPAGANDA: THE REPUBLICAN RESPONSE TO STATE CREATED NARRATIVES WHICH SILENCED POLITICAL SPEECH DURING THE NORTHERN IRISH CONFLICT, 1968-1998 A thesis presented to The Honors Tutorial College Ohio University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation from the Honors Tutorial College with a Degree of Bachelor of Science in Journalism By Selina Nadeau April 2017 1 This thesis is approved by The Honors Tutorial College and the Department of Journalism Dr. Aimee Edmondson Professor, Journalism Thesis Adviser Dr. Bernhard Debatin Director of Studies, Journalism Dr. Jeremy Webster Dean, Honors Tutorial College 2 Table of Contents 1. History 2. Literature Review 2.1. Reframing the Conflict 2.2.Scholarship about Terrorism in Northern Ireland 2.3.Media Coverage of the Conflict 3. Theoretical Frameworks 3.1.Media Theory 3.2.Theories of Ethnic Identity and Conflict 3.3.Colonialism 3.4.Direct rule 3.5.British Counterterrorism 4. Research Methods 5. Researching the Troubles 5.1.A student walks down the Falls Road 6. Media Censorship during the Troubles 7. Finding Meaning in the Posters from the Troubles 7.1.Claims of Abuse of State Power 7.1.1. Social, political or economic grievances 7.1.2. Criticism of Government Officials 7.1.3. Criticism of the police, army or security forces 7.1.4. Criticism of media or censorship of media 7.2.Calls for Peace 7.2.1. Calls for inclusive all-party peace talks 7.2.2. British withdrawal as the solution 7.3.Appeals to Rights, Freedom, or Liberty 7.3.1. Demands of the Civil Rights Movement 7.3.2. -
THE APPARATUS of IMPUNITY? Human Rights Violations and the Northern Ireland Conflict: a Narrative of Official Limitations on Post-Agreement Investigative Mechanisms
THE APPARATUS OF IMPUNITY? Human rights violations and the Northern Ireland conflict: a narrative of official limitations on post-Agreement investigative mechanisms Committee on the Administration of Justice January 2015 The Apparatus of Impunity? Committee on the Administration of Justice (CAJ) © Committee on the Administration of Justice January 2015 The material may be reproduced, free of charge, in any format or medium without specific permission, provided the reproduction is not for financial or material gain.The material must be reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. If the material is to be republished or issued to others, acknowledgement must be given to its source, copyright status, and date of publication. This publication is available on our website. CAJ Committee on the Administration of Justice 2nd Floor, Sturgen Building 9-15 Queen Street Belfast BT1 6EA Tel: 028 9031 6000 Fax: 028 9031 4583 [email protected] www.caj.org.uk ISBN 978 1 873285 94 7 The Apparatus of Impunity? Committee on the Administration of Justice (CAJ) THE APPARATUS OF IMPUNITY? Human rights violations and the Northern Ireland conflict: a narrative of official limitations on post-Agreement investigative mechanisms Committee on the Administration of Justice January 2015 The Apparatus of Impunity? Committee on the Administration of Justice (CAJ) Recent comments from key Council of Europe and UN human rights bodies in relation to existing mechanisms investigating the conflict in Northern Ireland: The absence of any plausible explanation for the failure to collect key evidence at the time when this was possible, and for attempts to even obstruct this process, should be treated with particular vigilance. -
Born on One Side of Partition: Reassessing Lessons Of
Executive Master’s in International Politics 2019-2020 Born on One Side of Partition: Reassessing Lessons of Northern Ireland’s Conflict from a st 21 -Century Multidisciplinary Perspective By JACQUELINE NOLAN Supervisor PROFESSOR GUY OLIVIER FAURE Professor of International Negotiation, Sorbonne University October 2020 i “History says, don’t hope On this side of the grave. But then, once in a lifetime The longed-for tidal wave Of justice can rise up, And hope and history rhyme." (Seamus Heaney, ‘The Cure at Troy’) The question is: whose history? ii Abstract In the wake of the 1998 Good Friday Agreement, which brought an end to 30 years of conflict in Northern Ireland, the province became a ‘place of pilgrimage’ for people from other conflict zones in search of lessons and answers. This thesis revisits Northern Ireland’s lessons from a multidisciplinary and 21st-century perspective; it contends that to make sense of and resolve a conflict in a sustainable way, you have to not only under- stand it through substantive lenses, but also through emotional and behavioural ones – and likewise understand the interconnectedness between those lenses. It identifies relational and deep-seated themes common to other conflicts (like Israel-Palestine): de- monization, a siege mentality, the historical context of rifts in the relationship. Northern Ireland offered images of hope when former arch-enemies entered government together in 2007; yet this thesis shows that, in spite of political and social transformation, there is still too much societal psychological trauma, and too many unspoken, legacy- and identity-based blockers in the relationship to speak of a conflict resolution. -
Puppets Behind the Killing of Lawyer Finucane Are Known, but Who Pulled the Strings? - L
Puppets behind the killing of lawyer Finucane are known, but who pulled the strings? - L... Page 1 of 3 Belfast 9° Hi 9°C / Lo 5°C LOCAL & NATIONAL Search THE BELFAST TELEGRAPH WANTS TO HEAR FROM YOU. News Sport Business Opinion Life & Style Entertainment Jobs Cars Homes Classified LocalServices & National World Politics Property Health Education Business Environment Technology Video Family Notices Crime Map Sunday Life The CT The digital gateway to Northern Ireland news, sport, business, entertainment and opinion Home > News > Local & National In Pictures: Northern Ireland Puppets behind the killing of lawyer Finucane are Nightlife known, but who pulled the strings? Saturday, 14 February 2009 Twenty years after the murder of high profile Belfast Related Articles solicitor Pat Finucane, security expert Brian Rowan reports on the questions that will not go away. Letter throws fresh doubt on Finucane killing probe It is a story of puppets and strings, a killing that goes back into Amnesty campaign calls for the 1980s, the murder of a Belfast solicitor by loyalists — but on full Finucane inquiry whose orders? Hundreds attend vigil to mark Finucane anniversary Had a big night out? Click here to send us your pics That is a question that has been asked for 20 years: who wanted Obama calls for full Pat Finucane dead? The UDA killed him, shot him fourteen times Finucane murder probe with two guns — but was that organisation encouraged or Collusion led to my father's death. I owe it to him to find manipulated by others? out the truth It is a question that may never be answered. -
“A Peace of Sorts”: a Cultural History of the Belfast Agreement, 1998 to 2007 Eamonn Mcnamara
“A Peace of Sorts”: A Cultural History of the Belfast Agreement, 1998 to 2007 Eamonn McNamara A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy, Australian National University, March 2017 Declaration ii Acknowledgements I would first like to thank Professor Nicholas Brown who agreed to supervise me back in October 2014. Your generosity, insight, patience and hard work have made this thesis what it is. I would also like to thank Dr Ben Mercer, your helpful and perceptive insights not only contributed enormously to my thesis, but helped fund my research by hiring and mentoring me as a tutor. Thank you to Emeritus Professor Elizabeth Malcolm whose knowledge and experience thoroughly enhanced this thesis. I could not have asked for a better panel. I would also like to thank the academic and administrative staff of the ANU’s School of History for their encouragement and support, in Monday afternoon tea, seminars throughout my candidature and especially useful feedback during my Thesis Proposal and Pre-Submission Presentations. I would like to thank the McClay Library at Queen’s University Belfast for allowing me access to their collections and the generous staff of the Linen Hall Library, Belfast City Library and Belfast’s Newspaper Library for all their help. Also thanks to my local libraries, the NLA and the ANU’s Chifley and Menzies libraries. A big thank you to Niamh Baker of the BBC Archives in Belfast for allowing me access to the collection. I would also like to acknowledge Bertie Ahern, Seán Neeson and John Lindsay for their insightful interviews and conversations that added a personal dimension to this thesis. -
Cromwell's Biggest Wart of All Defending Spanish Democracy
^Vcf.'I Inish OG&OCtUC April/May 1999 Connolly Association: campaigning for a united and independent Ireland ISSN 0021-1125 60p Cromwell's Defending History biggest Spanish is a wart of all democracy family affair Page 3 Page 7 Page 12 MURDER FUELS RUC COLLUSION CLAIMS NELSON MURDER Street with Garvaghy Road residents. Writing to UN special investigator Democrat reporter Data Param Cumaraswamy in October THE BRUTAL murder by loyalist 1997 Ms Nelson described her experience extremists of the prominent six-county at the hands of the RUC as a "systematic human-rights solicitor Rosemary Nelson and concerted campaign of intimidation on 16 March raises fundamental questions and abuse". about the identity of her killers, the The UN report published last year integrity of certain loyalist ceasefires and concluded that solicitors representing whether those responsible received republicans had been subjected to assistance form within the security forces. 'intimidation, hindrance, harassment, Although a group calling itself the Red improper interference' by the RUC. Hand Defenders claimed responsibility Publication of a further UN report into for the murder, it was not previously allegations of security-force harassment is thought to have had the capacity to make now imminent, as is the result of an such a sophisticated type of bomb. The interna] investigation carried out by a UDA is the only loyalist group to have senior Metropolitan Police officer. previously used such a device. The decision by RUC Chief Constable Similar car bombs have been used by Ronnie Flanagan to appoint Kent Chief the UDA on a number of occasions, Constable David Philips to supervise the including as recently as 1997 when that RUC investigation into the murder has group blew up fellow loyalist Glen Greer. -
Pat Finucane: Justice Denied?
22 BACK PAGE LAW STORIES 22 January 2021 | www.newlawjournal.co.uk © Press Eye Ltd/Shutterstock Pat Finucane: justice denied? Jon Robins questions the government’s decision to rule out a public inquiry into the circumstances surrounding the death of Pat Finucane f ever there was an ‘activist lawyer’ shoot-to-kill policy and, for Sinn Fein, in Brian Nelson who was an agent controlled (to use a 2020 neologism) it was Pat a test case challenging the legality of the by a top secret section of the British Army. Finucane. At the end of last year home secretary’s decision to ban interviews. In 1989 Douglas Hogg, then junior home INorthern Ireland Secretary Brandon His best known client was the hunger office minister, told the House of Commons Lewis ruled out a public inquiry into state striker Bobby Sands. At the time he was that there were solicitors in Northern collusion in the murder of the human rights murdered he had two cases on the way to Ireland who were ‘unduly sympathetic to solicitor in 1989. the European Court of Human Rights. the cause of the IRA’. Later that day, the Born into a republican family from the When I first interviewed Michael SDLP’s Seamus Mallon immediately replied Falls Road in Belfast, Pat Finucane was Finucane, the then commissioner of the that he had no doubt that there were fully committed to the idea that everyone Metropolitan police, Sir John Stevens lawyers ‘walking the streets or driving on in his divided community deserved proper had published a damning report into his the roads of the north of Ireland who have independent legal representation. -
Voices from the Grave Ed Moloney Was Born in England. a Former Northern Ireland Editor of the Irish Times and Sunday Tribune, He
Voices prelims:Layout 1 3/12/09 11:52 Page i Voices from the Grave Ed Moloney was born in England. A former Northern Ireland editor of the Irish Times and Sunday Tribune, he was named Irish Journalist of the Year in 1999. Apart from A Secret History of the IRA, he has written a biography of Ian Paisley. He now lives and works in New York. Professor Thomas E. Hachey and Dr Robert K. O’Neill are the General Editors of the Boston College Center for Irish Programs IRA/UVF project, of which Voices from the Grave is the inaugural publication. Voices prelims:Layout 1 3/12/09 11:52 Page ii by the same author the secret history of the ira paisley: from demagogue to democrat? Voices prelims:Layout 1 3/12/09 11:52 Page iii ed moloney VOICES FROM THE GRAVE Two Men’s War in Ireland The publishers would like to acknowledge that any interview material used in Voices from the Grave has been provided by kind permission from the Boston College Center for Irish Programs IRA/UVF project that is archived at the Burns Library on the Chestnut Hill campus of Boston College. Voices prelims:Layout 1 3/12/09 11:52 Page iv First published in 2010 by Faber and Faber Limited Bloomsbury House 74–77 Great Russell Street London wc1b 3da Typeset by Faber and Faber Limited Printed in England by CPI Mackays, Chatham All rights reserved © Ed Moloney, 2010 Interview material © Trustees of Boston College, 2010 The right of Ed Moloney to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with Section 77 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 Use of interview material by kind permission of The Boston College Irish Center’s Oral History Archive. -
Patrick Finucane 13 Years on - Public Inquiry Now!
Website: http://www.caj.org.uk February 2002 Vol. 17 No. 2 Bulletin of the Committee on the Administration of Justice Patrick Finucane 13 years on - Public Inquiry Now! There is no need for further examination of the arguments, the evidence or the facts. In our view the case for a full public judicial inquiry into the murder of Pat Finucane, and the circumstances surrounding it, is clear and compelling. Thirteen years after his murder there must be few individuals in Ireland or Thirteen years after the murder, the case the UK who do not know the name continues to damage the UK's reputation Patrick Finucane. They know internationally. The government must instinctively that something deeply know the family and its supporters will troubling occured. The more not give up. There is no alternative to information that comes to light, the a public inquiry. We call upon the deeper that conviction becomes. The government to establish an inquiry British government can continue to immediately. hold their fingers in the dyke but even they must know that the truth in this Contents most controversial of cases will out. Shedding light on the truth - Jane Winter, BIRW 2/3 The International Response to the It is better this is done now and in the murder of Patrick Finucane - Mike Posner, USA 4 controlled environment of a public Statement from UN Special Rapporteur Dato' Param Cumaraswamy 5 inquiry rather than allowing the case A family's perspective - Michael Finucane 6 The Role of the DPP - Paul Mageean 7 to continue to poison legal and Joint NGO statement: political developments in Northern "No inquiry 13 years later" 7 Ireland. -
Unionist Concerns & Fears of a United Ireland
Unionist Concerns & Fears of a United Ireland The Need to Protect the Peace Process & Build a Vision for a Shared Island & A United People Senator Mark Daly Based on the recommendation of the Report by the Joint Oireachtas Committee on the Implementation of the Good Friday Agreement ‘Brexit & The Future of Ireland Uniting Ireland & Its People In Peace and Prosperity’ Based on writings and contributions, including those by: Michael Nesbitt - Ulster Unionist Party Leader (2012-2017) Reverend Kyle Paisley Trevor Ringland – Irish International Rugby Player and Co-Chair of the Northern Ireland Conservatives Political Party (2013-2014) Reverend Norman Hamilton – Moderator of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland 2010-11 Unionist Political Representative Raymond McCord - Victims’ Rights Activist Anonymous Protestant/Unionist/Loyalist (PUL) Community member living in Greater Belfast Dr James Wilson – Served in the British Army during the Troubles Conducted Focus Groups with the Independent Orange Order, Loyalist Flute Band, UDR/Irish Regiment Veterans, and the East Belfast Mission at the request of Senator Mark Daly Unionist Fears & Concerns of a United Ireland, The Need to Protect the Peace Process & Build a Vision for a Shared Island & A United People Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Executive Summary 3.0 Identifying Unionist Fears and Concerns of a United Ireland 4.0 Submissions 4.1 Michael Nesbitt -- Ulster Unionist Party Leader (2012-2017) 4.2 Reverend Kyle Paisley 4.3 Trevor Ringland – Irish International Rugby Player and Co-Chair of -
Mcgurk's Bar Bombing
You are here: Publications and Records > Commons Publications > Commons Hansard > Daily Hansard – Debate [...] 14 July 2008 : Column 112 McGurk’s Bar Bombing Motion made, and Question proposed, That this House do now adjourn. — [Mr. Watts.] 9.11 pm Michael Connarty (Linlithgow and East Falkirk) (Lab): I have asked for this debate on behalf of only one person, who is a relative of the people killed in the McGurk’s bar bombing on 4 December 1971—Mrs. Eileen Killin. I still refer to her as my aunt, and she is the sister of one of the people who was killed, Phillip Garry. She was Eileen Garry, and my grandmother is also a Garry. Others have contacted me, and I have had conversations with Patricia Irvine, who is still highly traumatised, all these years later. Her mother was killed, and she has written a number of open letters to one of the bombing team—a man who admitted that he was part of that team—asking him to explain why he did it, and to tell her who the other three men involved were and the name of the person who planted the bomb. That name has never been put into the public domain. It is only on behalf of Eileen Killin that I speak tonight. I would like to put the facts on the record. At 8.45 pm on Saturday 4 December 1971, 15 people died as a result of a bomb explosion at McGurk’s bar, 81 to 83 North Queen street, Belfast. I would like to write into the record the names of the innocent victims—people who had no connection with any paramilitary organisation—who were out for a quiet night with their wives or their friends.