^Vcf.'I Inish OG&OCtUC April/May 1999 Connolly Association: campaigning for a united and independent Ireland ISSN 0021-1125 60p Cromwell's Defending History biggest Spanish is a wart of all democracy family affair Page 3 Page 7 Page 12 MURDER FUELS RUC COLLUSION CLAIMS

NELSON MURDER Street with Garvaghy Road residents. Writing to UN special investigator Democrat reporter Data Param Cumaraswamy in October THE BRUTAL murder by loyalist 1997 Ms Nelson described her experience extremists of the prominent six-county at the hands of the RUC as a "systematic human-rights solicitor Rosemary Nelson and concerted campaign of intimidation on 16 March raises fundamental questions and abuse". about the identity of her killers, the The UN report published last year integrity of certain loyalist ceasefires and concluded that solicitors representing whether those responsible received republicans had been subjected to assistance form within the security forces. 'intimidation, hindrance, harassment, Although a group calling itself the Red improper interference' by the RUC. Hand Defenders claimed responsibility Publication of a further UN report into for the murder, it was not previously allegations of security-force harassment is thought to have had the capacity to make now imminent, as is the result of an such a sophisticated type of bomb. The interna] investigation carried out by a UDA is the only loyalist group to have senior Metropolitan Police officer. previously used such a device. The decision by RUC Chief Constable Similar car bombs have been used by Ronnie Flanagan to appoint Kent Chief the UDA on a number of occasions, Constable David Philips to supervise the including as recently as 1997 when that RUC investigation into the murder has group blew up fellow loyalist Glen Greer. been slammed as "wholly inadequate". The question now being asked is "Given the findings of the UN Special whether the tiny splinter group is Rapporteur in relation to Mrs Nelson's receiving direct assistance from the UDA claims of RUC harassment, intimidation or whether the Red Hand Defenders is and death threats, it is simply not tenable simply a 'flag of convenience' for sections that the RUC should be responsible for the of the larger loyalist paramilitary group. investigation of her death, albeit under the Growing UDA disaffection with the supervision of a senior outside officer," peace process is known to have intensified said CAJ director Martin O'Brien. Any after its political representatives, the investigation should be conducted by Ulster Democratic Party, failed to win "officers from outside Northern Ireland". seats in the assembly elections. In a letter to Secretary of State Mo Rosemary Nelson's murder also raises Mowlam, a coalition of human rights questions about the possible involvement groups including Human Rights Watch, of members of the security forces. Her Amnesty International, Lawyers work on behalf of clients such as Colin Committee for Human Rights and the Duffy, the family of Robert Hamill, the CAJ stressed that it no confidence in an Garvaghy Road residents, and around 200 internal RUC investigation and appealed people seeking compensation from the for the minister to seek assistance from the RUC in relation to events at Dnimcree, United Nations. had made her unpopular with the force. Adding the voice of the Connolly However, friends and professional Association to calls for an independent colleagues have pointed out that she inquiry, general secretary Enda Finlay represented clients from both sides of the said: "Rosemary Nelson's death comes as community and that her professional a huge blow for the many clients she ability was accompanied by an represented with passion and integrity, in unswerving commitment to achieving extremely difficult circumstances, justice for her clients, whoever they were. throughout her career. In recent years Rosemary Nelson had "Although it is also a major blow for made complaints against RUC officers the peace process and should be seen as a with regard to incidents involving physical deliberate attempt to derail it, the muder of and racist verbal attacks and death threats. Rosemary Nelson has once again served Sources close to the CA indicated that to highlight the urgency surrounding the Ms Nelson had sought police protection need for radical changes to policing in the during her recent visit to 10 Downing North." , left, arriving at Tm Downing Street with Garvaghy Road residents earlier this year Irish Democrat April/May 1993 ...... i •••>»« • . Page'3 tnsh Uemocrat >\pni/iviay iyyy c News

State for Northern Ireland, Mo Mowlam, iRish OemociucPressur e grows for has promised that she will read the report Founded 1939 Volume 54. Number 2 NEWS IN BRIEF personally and respond swiftly once Flnucane inquiry current pressures over the setting up oi the Rights commissioners named new Assembly allow. Exposing Cromwell's A DANGEROUS IMPASSE PROFESSOR BRICE Dickson, head (it Speaking about the confidential report legal studies the University of Ulster has UNIONISTS' INSISTENCE on sticking to demands tor IRA COLLUSION COVER-UP Jane Winter, director of British-Irish c been appointed to head up the North's new Democrat reporter decommissioning have, once again, taken the Good Friday agreement Rights Watch said: "Not only did we biggest wart' of all Human Rights Commission. FURTHER EVIDENCE pointing to discover that the actions of the police and to the brink of collapse. As we approach another deadline for the while those even less fortunate were The work of the commission includes extensive collusion between the British army directly contributed to the murder of CROMWELL COVER-UP transported to the Caribbean as slaves." advising the British government and the setting up of the Assembly executive, hopes that the British security services and loyalist death squads Pat Finucane but also that the FRU misled Democrat reporter Such actions were extreme, even in the new assembly on measures to protect government would warn unionists to be constructive on this issue during the late 1980s and early 1990s has both the Stevens inquiry and Belfast MEMBERS OF the Connolly Association context of the 17th century, he insisted. human rights in the North; advising on have again come to nought recently added to mounting pressure for Crown Court about its knowledge of the staged a sombre demonstration outside the Claims by the museum authorities that whether legislation proposed by the an independent international inquiry into Finucane, Slane and McDaid murders in Instead we were left with a deepening crisis, heightened by a Museum of London at the end of February they had nothing which related to assembly is compatible with the European the murder of Irish civil rights lawyer Pat an attempt to cover up the truth." Convention on Human Rights; and steady rise in loyalist violence and the prospect of further tension and in protest at the absence of any reference Cromwell's Ireland campaigns were Finucane, pictured right, in 1989. "Last year the UN called for the assisting people who have suffered rights to Oliver Cromwell's bloody Irish dismissed by the Association. conflict once the Orange marching season gets underway. Interviewed about collaboration establishment of an inquiry into this case abuses. campaigns in the museum's Cromwell, "A catalogue of the museum's Tangye between loyalists and the security services and now we have further evidence of Attempts by the two governments to counter growing concern over Warts and All exhibition, which marked collection contained dozens of relevant The commission, which stated work for the final programme in Peter Taylor's official involvement in this murder. The the decommissioning impasse by agreeing the final details of a series the 400th anniversary of English books and documents and I only got half on I March, will also have the power to recent three-part BBC series, The Government can no longer resist the need republican's birth. way through it," explained Frank Small, a carry out its own investigations. of new British-Irish Treaties on north-south bodies and other key Loyalists, former UDA man Bobby for an inquiry," added Committee for the librarian by profession. A further nine part-time Philpott claimed that the group had The failure to consult Irish colleagues, aspects of the agreement will have fooled no one. Administration of Justice legal officer commissioners were named by Mo received information from security community groups or staff from the Irish It is understood that a draft The new deadline for establishing the Assembly executive, set for Paul Mageean. ; Mowlan at the beginning of March: sources "on a daily basis". Philpott embassy over such a sensitive matter was commentary prepared for the exhibition Around 1,300 lawyers from around the t Christine Bell (centre for international and the week of 29 March, is fast approaching. If this is not met the claimed that the information, which was "deplorable" said Connolly Association originally contained references to handed over to the British government and world have, so far, signed a petition * comparative human-rights law, Queen's used to target and both known republicans executive member Frank Small, who Cromwell's Irish campaigns but these had d'Hondt system for establishing the executive based on the parties' sent to the United Nations, concludes that calling on the British government to ; University, Belfast); Prof. Tom Hadden and innocent Catholics, was supplied by handed in a letter to museum staff on been removed prior to its opening, despite vote in the Assembly elections supposedly comes in operation. Only members of the RUC and the covert Force establish an independent inquiry into the contribute towards the creation of a (Queen's University Belfast); Angela all branches of the security services behalf of the Association complaining opposition from some museum staff. the name of the town Drogheda and the the most hopeless optimist could believe that the agreement can Research Unit (FRU), a branch of military murder of Pat Finucane. climate of understanding and mutual Hegarty (University of Ulster); Francis including the RUC. RUC Chief Constable about the omission. In addition to the offence caused by expression "to hell or Connaught" evoke intelligence, actively colluded in Mr Prominent British signatories include respect which the Belfast agreement seeks McGuiness (Trocaire); Inez McComiack survive if a way around the decommissioning impasse is not found. Ronnie Flanagan continues to insist that "It was simply inexcusable that there the omission, the museum had also missed strong reactions to this day. Editing out a Finucane's murder. Sir Nigel Rodley, UN Special Rapporteur to foster." (UNISON); Patricia Kelly (Children's police collusion with loyalists was not were no references to the slaughter of the a golden opportunity to foster mutual brief reference to Cromwell's actions in Once again, the lesson is that without real momentum the political The report also exposes the role played on Torture, Sir Louis Blom-Cooper QC, Law Centre); Margaret-Ann Dinsmore widespread. inhabitants of Drogheda and Wexford or understanding between the peoples of Ireland is unhelpful in the context of The Association has urged the by the FRU in the murders of two other Independent Commissioner for Holding (barrister); Rev. Harold Good (Methodist vacuum will be filled with violence, as those opposed to the to Cromwell's Hell or Connaught policy Britain and Ireland, the Connolly Anglo-Irish relations" museum to establish a means of In February, the Dublin government men, Gerald Slane and Terence McDaid, Centres in Northern Ireland and Dr Claire minister); and Tom Donnelly (former agreement attempt to wrestle the initiative away from those who which saw thousand of Irish landlords Association stressed in its letter: "This failure to provide information consulting relevant Irish bodies over the backed new calls for an inquiry into the and examines the unlawful activities of the Palley, the independent expert nominated SDLP councillor). stripped of their lands and forced to live in "Seventeenth century events in Ireland about what the Irish perceive as a great planning of future exhibitions which support it. Demanding progress on all fronts is the only way to stop murder of Pat Finucane after the family FRU throughout the 1980s and early by the Government to serve on the UN sub barren areas west of the river Shannon, still resonate in both Britain and Ireland - historical wrong is a missed opportunity to include an Irish dimension. The appointments have been generally the whole process running into the ground prematurely. handed over a confidential sixty page 1990s. commission for the Prevention of welcomed by nationalists, republicans document compiled by British-Irish The likely consequence of a collapse hardly bears contemplation. The British government is yet to Discrimination and the Protection of and progressive forces in the North. Rights Watch. The report, which was also respond formally although Secretary of Minorities. It could not only bring an end to the current phase of the Irish peace Student support for agreement process but also raises the spectre of a resumption of violent conflict. Widespread anger at Clegg not-guilty ruling able to convict Clegg on the lesser charge. CONNOLLY ASSOCIATION general Those who voted, in overwhelming numbers, for the agreement are BBC apology for CLEGG RETRIAL VERDICT Solidarity forever "This decision is a serious blow for secretary Enda Finlay was among those unlikely to forgive those politicians who may cause it to fail. Democrat reporter justice and will undoubtedly fuel who spoke at a recent dayschool aimed at Irish President encouraging studenls in Britain to play an While compromise will be required on all sides it is clear that the THERE HAS been widespread anger nationalists' belief that that there is no active part in supporting the Good Friday among nationalists at the decision to clear such thing as equality before the law if British government needs to shed certain attitudes which have THE BBC was recently forced to agreement. Paratrooper Lee Clegg of the murder of members of the security services are the informed its strategy to date. apologise to Irish President, Mary Organised by Studeut Friends of Belfast teenager Karen Riley, who was ones who are responsible for the crime." McAleese, following complaints about Ireland, the successful event, which was Foremost among these, no matter how unpalatable, either to shot dead almost nine years ago by British Whatever the outcome of Clegg's what a spokesperson for the President held at Goldsmith's College. London, unionists or to members of the British establishment, is a recognition soldiers in a 'joyriding' incident. forthcoming appeal against his conviction described as the "inappropriate" tone of attracted around 70 participants and was The ruling by the judge at Belfast it was clear from the retrial judge's of the link between decommissioning and demilitarisation. The fact some of the question during a special supported by the Labour Party Irish Crown Court overturned Clegg's original comments that he was unfit to serve as a edition of Radio 4's Woman's Hour 5ociety, Labour Committee on Ireland that there are around 139,000 weapons held legally in the North, conviction for murder which had soldier in the British Army and should be focusing on International Women's Day. and the Connolly Association. mostly in unionist hands, in addition to those held by the RUC, RIR previously been upheld by the Court of immediately expelled." During the programme, which was Other speakers at the dayschool and the British Army, must be dealt with just as surely as Appeal and the House of Lords. broadcast live on 5 March, presenter Jenni included the historian Christine Kinealy, Clegg was, however, reconvicted of paramilitaries' weapons. Similarly, the presence of 30,000 British Murray asked the Irish President how. Labour Party MP John McDonnell. Kate wounding the driver of the car, Martin given her previously outspoken views, she Neo-nazi Foley of the Labour Committee on Ireland troops and an extensive network of security and surveillance Peake. His solicitors are preparing to managed to "keep her mouth shut". and the broadcaster and columnist Jeremy installations must become a recognisable part of the peace process appeal this lesser conviction. Clearly annoyed by the question, Mrs soldiers Hardy. equation. The court's decision follows a lengthy McAleese explained that role of the battle on Clegg's behalf by senior Persistent attempts to utilise the peace process as a mechanism to President was not to be involved in "day- Census recognition members of the British military rounded up to-day politics" and could best be The government has announced that the force republicans to surrender ideological ground and force its armed establishment. TWO SERVING British soldiers were described as "ambassadorship and next official census for England and wing to hand over its weapons, are unlikely to bear significant fruit. Clegg's original conviction was among fourteen suspected violent neo- leadership". Wales, which will take place on April 29. MEMBERS OF the Connolly Association |oined a mass rally on the picket line quashed just over a year ago and a re-trial Nazi's arrested at the beginning of March It is clear that decommissioning will not happen in the short term. Denying that this prevented her from 2001,will include the Irish as a separate outside LSG Lufthansa Skychef factory in London, Heathrow Airport at the ordered, supposedly on the grounds of in a joint operation carried out by the Like the republican and loyalist ceasefires, if and when speaking out on all issues, she stressed category. beginning of March. new forensic evidence. However, Clegg police and MI5, following a lengthy that it provided a guide as to which areas Previously, people of an Irish descent decommissioning comes about it will only do so when the objective The 273 Skychef workers, who were instantly dismissed after taking official served only two and a half years of a undercover operation. it was appropriate for her, as head of state, had no choice but to classify themselves political situation is suitable and when a political analysis can be strike action last November, are calling for airport-wide strike action. The mandatory life sentence before being Many of those arrested are believed to to comment on. as white as the section of the census dispute arose when the company failed to honour an agreement over the released on licence and allowed to resume be supporters of Combat 18, a particularly offered to support such a process. While it is obvious that A written apology from the controller relating to ethnic origin offered no introduction of new working practices. his army career. violent right-wing group which takes its decommissioning must be part of the peace process, it cannot be of Radio 4, Mr James Boyle was accepted alternatives. Transport and General Workers' Union general secretary Bill Morris said that In his mammoth five-hour ruling the name from the initials of Adolph Hitler— by President McAleese. The announcement, which came in the made to happen by those politicians who have done least to seek a the dispute had raised major issues about human rights in Britain. judge, Mr. Justice Kerr, who described the first and eighth letters of the alphabet. form of a reply to a question in the House Clegg's version of events as "untruthful Combat 18 is known to have strong just and lasting peace merely demanding it . E of Commons, has been widely welcomed and incapable of belief' nevertheless connections with loyalist paramilitaries, Decommissioning will come about further down the line with the £ by Irish groups. Donations to the Connolly Association concluded that while it was "very likely" including the Loyalist Volunteer Force 2 Although government ministers have lull implementation of the Good Friday agreement, when and the Irish Democrat that Clegg had fired the shot into the rear (LVF). this year's Bloody Sunday march in yet to elaborate on the reasons for (he decommissioning or better still, demilitarisation, is tied to progress of the vehicle which had killed Karen One of the two soldiers arrested has Wilson of the 1st Battalion ofThe Queen's Inish Ocmoctuc 6 January 1999 to II March 1999 London, pictured above. change, which follows years of lobbying Riley he could "not be sure". been named as Darren Theron, known to Lancashire Regiment, who has close links on a whole range of issues, including the establishment of consensual The magazine has also accused the by Irish groups, a statement issued by the For a united and independent Ireland Commenting on the judge's decision, his fascist colleagues as 'Army Daz'. A with the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). Office for National Statistics stressed that policing in the North. Real benefits must be seen by people on the Y. Hart £4.50; A. Higgins £15; H. Kelsey member of the elite Parachute Regiment, Both men were identified in the March Ministry of Defence of failing to act on Published continuously since 1939, the Irish Democrat is the bi-monthly journal of Connolly Association general secretary £10; G. McClafferty £2; B. Feeney £2; J. the findindgs of a secret report, published ethnic monitoring was important to enable ground so that support for the agreement does not ebb away and Enda Finlay said: "It seems remarkable Theron has undertaken tours of duty in edition of the anti-fascist magazi le the Connolly Association, which campaigns for a united and independent Ireland "national and local government health Morrissey £6; F. Jennings £10; G. Miles Bosnia and Northern Ireland. Searchlight as being part of a group of last summer, identiying at least 12 soldiers loyalties are not switched back to those elements advocating a and the rights ifthe Irish in Britain that despite all the evidence supporting a authorities to allocate resources and plan £10; J. Doyle £13.80; L. Nickolay £4; M. The other soldier has been named Carl around 60 right-wing thugs who attacked as supporters of fascist groups. politics that has little to offer but further hardship and the prospect of murder conviction that the judge only felt programmes taking into account the Annual subscription rates (six issues) Donaghue £10; J. & V. Gibson £4; T. violent conflict in which nobody can emerge as a winner. Leonard £5; D. Flynn £5; J. Dempsey special needs of ethnic minority groups". £5.50 Britain I enclose a cheque £20; D. Leutchfoid £5; J. McLoughlin (in It is also widely known that loyalist £ 10.00 Solidarity subscription (payable to Connolly memory of Paddy Bond); D. McLoughlin paramilitaries have strong contacts in the Cash sought for Irish teaching £8.00 Europe (airmail) Publications Ltd)/posta! Paisley's DUP targets Liverpool £10; J. J. McLoughlin £10; R. Green £5; area. London Labour MP John McDonnell has £ 11.00 USA/Canada (airmai I) order for £ confirmed that he is to lobby Government iRish Oemoouc C. Bland £10; J McGrath £25 (in memory promotion of community relations. connections and the possibility that its Although it is twenty-five years since Bi-monthly newspaper of the Connolly Association £12.00 Australia (airmail) ministers in an effort secure funds to assist of T. Treanor); J. Boyd £3; A. Morton £5; SECTARIAN THREAT Paisley is no stranger to Liverpool, presence will revive of past sectarian the rabidly sectarian Protestant Party lost schools who want to teach the Irish Name M. Guinan £11.50; D. Smith £5; M. Democrat reporter having made frequent visits to the city to divisions. its last seat on Liverpool City Council, a Editorial Board McGuire £12; Anon £50. spokesman for the DUP originally language as part of the curriculum from Helen Bcnnctl: Gerard Currun; David Granville (editor); Jonathan Hardy; Address preach at a church on Spellow Lane, one The Loyal Orange institution aim the Bankers orders £319.94 indicated that it was preparing to stand next September. Peler Mulligan; Alex Reid; Production: Derek Ko(z NEWS THAT Ian Paisley's Democratic of a small handful of the Free Presbyterian far smaller Independent Orange Order, of Published by Connolly Publications Ltd. 244 Gray's Inn Road. London WCIX XJR, lei 0171 83.1 Total £597.74 candidates in the May local elections. The MP, a key figure in the recently- Unionist Party is to open a branch in outposts in England. which Ian Paisley is a member, have 1022 The party has since decided against formed Irish in Britain Parliamentary Irish Democrat 60th Liverpool has been greeted with horror The announcement that the DUP is to several thousand members between them Email: connolly(fi>geo2.poptcl.org.uk Send to: Connolly Publications Ltd, 244 Gray's Inn Road, London WCIX 8JR adopting a strategy which would have Group, has also stressed the need to Printed by RipleyPrinicrs (TUl Ltd. Nottingham Road. Riplcv. Derbyshire, tel 0177.1 741 621 anniversary appeal — see page 6 and dismay by local politicians, open a branch in Liverpool, its first ir. in the city and last July around 500 local almost certainly resulted in a heavy identify schools where existing pupils or mainstream church leaders and England, is particularly unwelcome Orangeman travelled to Drumcree to join electoral defeat. their parents are native Irish speakers. Mesreyside groups concerned with the because of the city's strong loyalist loyalist protests. irisi. Democrat Afril/May 1999 Page 5

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News/analysis The CA was doing good work There World comment were frequent mretmgs and a monthly by POLITICUS An outstanding paper which Jim would take round pubs in Southwark and the Elephant and Castle A Nato's past Another Good Friday cliffhanger lot were sold. "If you managed to sell one campaigner for justice copy in a pub others would buy it." With the new deadline for the transfer of responsibilities the Assembly as opposed to 17.63 per cent Should that stratagem fail, then there little has yet been realised in a number of Desmond Greaves and Fred O'Shea and future for Sinn hem) and the rag-bag of was the possibility of inducement entailed key areas and the 19 April deadline could Connie Marks continues were regularly at Speakers' Corner to the Northern Ireland Assembly looming, the paper's rejectionists around McCartney and in the dHondt system for establishing the yet see the total collapse of this proclaiming the CA message from steps ONCE THE Cold War was over, the l'S Paisley have been holding up the Executive. Sunningdale Mark II experiment, with a her series of profiles of Northern correspondent, Bobby Heatley, looks at some of which had been lugged on to a bus to government had to make a crucial political realisation of democratic changes as Could the republicans possibly resist total discrediting of politics in an Anglo- Connolly Association Hyde Park decision To back the United Nations, the issues behind the latest blockage in the peace process envisioned in the agreement. But they the opportunity for getting Sinn F6in into Irish context. Desmond's idea for a Bill of Rights provide it with finance and turn n into a would not have been in this position had it a power-sharing system that would Realising that he will be unable either veterans with a portrait of was, Jim believes, his most significant real instrument of international peace and not been for the difficulties wnich the preside over cross-border bodies ? Getting to 'park' the process or get a review of Four Provinces Bookshop input, so he is delighted a Bill of Rights is gixxl behaviour, or to attempt to turn AS THIS article goes to print, the latest within the UUP have been satisfied to British government has created for itself. the IRA to start giving up its weaponry something which has not been given a envisaged for Ireland by the new NATO into a parallel UN, under American deadline for the transfer of responsibilities collude with the leadership in using the The present hiatus goes back to a letter now seemed opportune. chance to prove itself, Trimble has already manager and CA executive dispensation. control, as a direct instrument of US to the shadow Northern Ireland Assembly decommissioning of IRA weapons as a which Tony Blair sent to the UUP in order Perhaps that is why, on cue, the taken steps to protect his back at recent Paddy Bond, "a tremendous man", power? has been set for the week beginning 29 blocking tactic. Articles 2 and 3 of the to induce a majority of its members to mainstream news-media jumped into meetings with Bertie Ahern. Trimble member Jim Duggan comes in for fulsome praise. "He wouldn't Fatefully, America has chosen the March In practical terms this could mean Irish constitution, and even the issue of claims that the Taoiseach agreed to treaty accept the Good Friday agreement in the action and set up a blatantly one-sided JIM DUGGAN belongs to the last let you forget the CA always on the phone latter course. The Clinton administration 19 April as the Assembly breaks up at the cross-border bodies, have slipped a long amendments which would tie the fate of first place. This letter promised them a campaign aimed at getting the IRA, generation of Irishmen who spent their reminding you of meetings or other things has decided to extend the life of this close of business on 1 April and does not way down the scale of their priorities. the cross-border bodies to that of the scheme for the decommissioning of IRA through threats of Sinn Fein's exclusion, youth in pre-war Ireland, a land reduced to going on. The CA meant an enormous redundant relic of the Cold War into the resume until (he 19th of the month. For This explains why one year after the proposed executive. If one falls, they both arms that ran diametrically opposed to to give up its arms at the time and in the inequality, poverty and injustice by amount to Paddy." new millennium. NATO gets a new obvious reasons, it is unlikely that the signing of the Good Friday agreement it is fall. what the various parties eventually signed way specified by Trimble who had been centuries of British misrule. His story Jim believes that the CA has been at mission statement at its 50th birthday Assembly executive will be appointed on still uncertain as to whether key aspects of up to. Unionists have decided to hold him chosen to act as the front-runner. Whatever happens, it looks certain that reflects that of so many bright young the forefront of very progressive views on party in Washington in April. All Funited Ireland, I say this to anyone who Democrat in your Jan/Feb edition collection on behalf of the Irish Democrat NO EUROLAND economy is going to The system has found a way to centralised in Brussels with the and accept worse conditions with little or get his facts straight and sort out the mish- cares to listen: it sometimes takes more revealed a curious anomaly. It says that which realised the magnificent sum of Or listen to US Secretary of State produce more goods as a consequence of accumulate even more wealth, it is called unaccountable Commission and no social safeguards. Those who labour mash in his own mind before presuming courage to put the gun down than it does the paper acquired the name Irish 3455 pesetas and £1 Scottish." Madeleine Albright moralising over the the euro, no more jobs will be created and European Union with a single currency. secrecy of the Council of Ministers with for their living have been urged to mere is to tell us what was 'foisted' on others. to take it up. But putting it down is the Democrat some time between 1942 and On 7 July he records that Mick Kelly Balkans, and recall that the very same lady mass unemployment will remain. Mr Even the newly coined term compete with each other to force them voting systems' to force through common was the key person who prevented UN an alternative to the Goulding was quite categoric as to his right thing to do now for Republicanism 1945. was killed. Peter assures me that (a) the Duisenberg, head of the European Central 'Euroland' is a con trick, implying it is a policies. On hand will be the European action to stop the Hutu government's down a spiral of declining income and single currency. Britain must regain the political purpose in introducing left- and for Ireland." Yet my friend Peter O'Connor of diary entry was made at the time, not Bank (ECB) stated a common monetary fun place where everybody should go and Round Table of Industrialists, the top genocide in Rwanda in 1994, when it living standards. This applies to right to self-determination over its own wingers into the oiganisation. At what The "logical end" A.C. refers to was Waterford, a life-long supporter of this added or amended later, and (b) he is sure policy will not alleviate the EC's 20 you will come to no harm. The reality is transnational corporations, to mark out the massacred 800,(XX) Tutsis in eight weeks workforces within transnational affairs, to defend and extend all forms of point did he and Official Sinn Fein Democratic Left's betrayal of the paper and one-time member of the group it refers to this paper. million unemployed. This belies the way forward. 4 quite different, created to maximise the corporations like BMW who now own Workers' Party in pursuit of parliamentary which founded it (the London Branch of I'm not trying to cast aspersions on Of course those were black lives. As arguments in the recent TUC pamphlet democracy. abandon republicanism? They accepted accumulation of wealth, to maximise Rover. The current economic system has the careers and there was never any question the Republican Congress) states in his your excellent article, merely reporting the The Guardian's Martin Walker has said, if Preparing for the Euro which claims the The economy has to be based on and promoted the civil rights movement as profits, to remove social costs and social Money has become a commodity, ability to self regulate and any faults in the of Goulding, Garland and McGiolla memoirs that he took up a collection for anomaly. Can your readers throw any light NATO can get Russia to play along with euro would provide more jobs. manufacturing otherwise there will be no the only one with any chance of success. protection. Hence the convergence criteria bought and sold for profit. But somewhere 'Partnership for Peace', it will effectively monetary system will be swept aside even work at all and we will starve - the first On 22 January 1994 at the Workers' following them out. the Irish Democrat in 1937, whilst he wa,. on the matter? What is forgotten in the Euroland to cut public sector expenditure and be organising the white race in arms people laboured to make the wealth if the social consequences are a disaster glaring signs of this are already in Party celebrations of the 75th anniversary Moira O'Sullivan fighting at the Jarama front in the anti- debate is where wealth comes from - disassemble every aspect of the Welfare against the rest - blacks, browns, Islamists. represented in the money. The means of for whole nations or regions. The rapid evidence with one in five families without of the first Dail, Goulding said "As a and John Garton fascist war in Spain Ken Keable, money cannot beget money - putting two State, permanently. Asiatics and such 'lesser' breeds. production, distribution and exchange are deindustrialisation of Britain and closure a pay packet and one in three children on republican, as a socialist, as an anti- London I've checked the matter with Peter Kilmacthomas, Co. Waterford pound notes together does not produce The Single European Market has been of industries, factories and workplaces is a largely in the hands of private capital. the breadline. pennies! The same will go for euros. formed to enable the 'free movement of taster of still more to come. Where they are not, privatisation is Reject the single currency! Irish Democrat April/May 1999 Page 7 Page h Irish Democrat April/May 1999 Features Features

riot as a matter of policy Despite this, Congress had led many from ihe South to Within a week ol franco's army many individual members participated in sign up for the Spanish cause it was the advancing into Jarama. in an attempt to the agitation. This position changed when outdoor relief riots of 1932 thai was to capture the road between Madrid and connoLLy column Is Bertie Ahern waving the IRA. some 700 strong in Belfast m prove the deciding factor for some of the Valencia, the Lincoln Battalion received Defending 1933, became involved in a transport Protestant working class in the north order. to cut short its training and lo join Throughout his life James strike thai year. They were not victims of republican the battle. Both sides were dug into Connolly developed and goodbye to neutrality? In the south, the newly elected Fianna propaganda, nor did ihey convert to trenches al opposite ends of the valley Fail regime, while still professing itself to Catholicism or nationalism. They were The terrain was rough and sparse and creatively applied a be a republican party, moved to proscribe committed to a working-class cause which conditions appalling. the IRA. Within the movement itself there they believed in, and one for which they theoretical understanding A special correspondent Despite poor conditions, morale was Spanish were those who wanted to push the were prepared to fight. high anil the volunteers (ought as strongly of scientific socialism to comments on Dublin's organisation's burgeoning socialist One such man was William 'Liam' as the ideals they held, holding up leanings even further left. However, at the moves to join NATO's Tumilson from Thomdyke Street, off Franco's offensive, but al great cost the task of achieving social 1934 general army convention in Dublin a Templemore Avenue in Easl Belfast. The In the Jarama trenches. Liam Tumilson motion calling on the IRA not to disband justice and national 'Partnership for Peace' had become friendly with Moville man until after the socialist transformation of Paddy 'Roe" McLaughlin, a veteran of the freedom for the people of IRELAND'S NEUTRALITY, based on democracy society was eventually withdrawn while War of Independence who had non-membership of military alliances another calling for the establishment of a volunteered from America in the hope of Ireland. since the Irish Stale was founded in 1921, Republican Congress was defeated by a teaming up with his old friend. Georffc could become a victim of the Northern single vote. Gilmore. one of the founders of the As we approach the 83rd 'peace process' This outcome resulted in three leading Republican Congress. For what other explanation can there anniversary of the Haster IRA members, Frank Ryan, Paedar The banter between Tumilson and be forTaoiseach Bertie Ahem's volte-face O'Donnell and George Gilmore, refusing McLaughlin was always good. Liam rising of 1916 James on NATO's so-called Partnership for to allow their names to go forward as Tumilson wrote home to Bellas! in March: Peace' (PfP), than as a gesture to Bill Connolly's life and work nominations to the IRA's executive, and to "Still determined to slay here until fascism Clinton and Tony Blair for their interest in the formation of the Republican Congress. is completely crushed. Impossible to do the six counties? continue to inspire and The Congress started well, receiving other lhan carry on with the slogan of Bertie Ahern said recently that the support in the south, but made little impact Cathal Brugha. 'No Surrender'". educate, as these brief Republic should sign a treaty with NATO in the north — because of the political and On 14 March 1937 Tumilson was committing ourselves to PIP. He has got extracts demonstrate sectarian nature of the state, the IRA in the killed by a sniper's bullet whilst in charge most Fianna Fail TDs to back him, despite north were always on a different level to of the 'Liam Mooney' machine-gun criticisms from former Foreign Minister those in the south. Nevertheless, it was the company. Paddy McLaughlin, who Michael O'Kennedy and Sean Haughey Republican Congress that prompted Irish survived the war. saw his friend die. TD, son of the former Taoiseach. volunteers to form the Irish Brigade. In all, Ballymacarrett republican Jim Straney Jarama also claimed the lives of Dick Towards Easter 1916 There is also disquiet among rank- some 400 Irishmen would fight in Spain O'Neill from the Falls Road and fellow and-file Fianna Failers at such a move affairs in March 19%: The Irish Army's prestige with the with the international brigades. outdoor relief had been the turning point Belfast men, Billy Henry from the away from an Irish neutrality policy that is "The case for concluding a bilateral public is quite low just now. NATO has National freedom and class struggle The Spanish Civil War provoked hoi for him and he embraced socialism. Bradford Street, Old Ijxlge Road and traditionally UN-oriented, towards a pact with NATO under the Partnership for invited Ireland to take part in naval "In the long run the f reedom of a nation is measured by the freedom of its lowest class; debate. Fighting had broken out following Tumilson subsequently joined the IRA in Danny Boyle. every upward step of that class to the possibility of possessing higher things raises the policy that sees NATO rather than the UN Peace has not been made... exercises in the Baltic Sea later this year. a military uprising against the socialist the Short Strand district of Ballymacarrett Another to be killed al Jarama was standard of the nation in the scale of civilisation; every time that class is beaten back into acting as world policeman. "While the government may reassure Yet the naval and air services have trouble and struck up a friendship with Jim Charlie Donnelly, whose body lay on tin* I he m ire. the whole moral lone of the nation sutlers Condemned and despised though Fine Gael is naturally delighted. The the public that there are no implications enough in protecting Ireland's own coasts, Straney from Thompson Street in that area battlefield for ten days before being lie he. yet the rebellious docker is the sign and symbol to all that an imperfect civilisation party has long advocated abandoning for neutrality - and that may be without committing themselves to more of the city (not the Falls Road, as previous recovered by three of his fellow Irishmen. cannot last, for slavery cannot survive the awkward intelligence of the slave." neutrality. They see the NATO move as a technically true at this time - it will be exotic spots. Within a week of records have stated). Straney had joined Peter O'Connor and Peler and Johnny step towards getting Ireland involved in seen by other countries as a gratuitous The Workers ' Republic, 29 May 1915 The most important job for the Irish the IRA in Short Strand with several other Power. EU military business, which as Ireland's signal that Ireland is moving away from Army is to be available to act in support of Franco's army local men through the Fianna in 1929. Tumilson was buned near the town of leading Euro-federalists they welcome. its neutrality and towards gradual co- the civil power. The second is to undertake The free nation among them Jack Brady from Kilmood Morata. His death resulted in his friend. The Irish Army top-brass is pleased operation in NATO and the Western UN peacekeeping in parts of the world, the security of the people of Ireland has the same roots as the security of the Irish advancing in Street and Willie O'Hanlon from Jim Straney. arriving in Spain to carry on too. They see a NATO link as the way to European Union in due course. especially Africa, Asia and the Middle working class. In the closely linked modern world no nation can be free which can Woodstock Street. Whilst Jack Brady his stand. A year later, in August 1938. get up-to-date equipment, more money, nationally connive at the enslavement of any section of that nation." "It is the thin edge of the wedge which East, where the former colonial powers Jarama the Lincoln would become a leading republican in Straney was also killed during the exciting trips abroad and a chance to The Workers' Republic, 18 December 1915 will be justified for all sorts of practical dislike committing their nationals, but Belfast in the 1930s, Jim Straney and advances on Gandesa. He died on Hill dodge the morale and training problems reasons and to increase our alleged where soldiers and aid workers from Battalion received Willie O'Hanlon would end up on the 481, 'the pimple' as it was called, along which are now acute at home. "A free nation is one which possesses absolute control over its own internal resources influence, whereas we will have no neutral, anti-colonial Ireland enjoy special battlefields of Spain. with two other northern men, George influence on Alliance thinking as junior or and |*>\vers. and which has no restriction upon its intercourse with all other nations Last year the Irish government respect. orders to cut short Another Ballymacarretl man to Gorman from Derry and James Haughey second-class partners... similarly - Armagh. at a million pounds apiece. The Army of Ireland? If the Home Rule Bill were in operation would that be the case of Ireland? "We would regard any attempt to push peacekeeping missions. Ireland LAS BRIGADAS INTEHNACiONALES its training and to Newtownards Road, a committed socialist The last engagement for the Irishmen brass see this as a foretaste of more to To both questions the answer is: no, most emphatically, NO!" Partnership for Peace or participation in participates in several of them. Only one, who had been active during the outdoor of XV Brigade was on the banks of ihe come. One of the key aims of PfP is to EH EL SENQ DEL EJERCITO POPULAR AYUOAN The Workers ' Republic, 12 February 1916 Western European Union tasks by that in Bosnia is under NATO command. join the battle relief riots. He was later killed at the Battle Ebro. After this they marched to Marsa, keep orders flowing in to the international resolution through this House without Ireland and several other countries are A DEFENDER TUS R10UEZAS Y TU TIERRA of Aragon in March 1938. Of the six men later to Guiamets, and then finally to the arms manufacturers, especially the US The days of March reference to the people as a serious breach involved in it without being in PfP. who volunteered for Spain from the east demobilisation centre at Ripoli. Franco s ones, now that the Cold War is over. of faith and fundamentally undemocratic." "In these days of March let us remember that generations, like individuals, will find their Thirty-six Irish soldiers have died on and left republican Popular Front of the Lagan, only Willie O'Hanlon and National Army, which heavil-, ultimate justification or condemnation not in what they accomplished but rather in what Taoiseach Bertie Ahem, when Fianna Ahem said then that joining NATO's UN service since 1960. Any move by government in July 1936. The coup was Fred McMahon from Ravenhill Street, outnumbered and outgunned the they aspired and dared to accomplish. The generation or the individual that is stricken Fdil was in opposition, made a powerful PfP required a referendum. Now he says it Ireland towards a link-up with NATO, John Quinn tells the The 1930s was a time of strongly led by General Francisco Franco, backed would return. McMahon served as a republican forces, claimed the victory, brt down in the attempt to achieve a high and holy thing in itself is itself therefore high and case showing why NATO's PfP was not a doesn't, for he knows that if the people when that organisation should properly be conflicting ideologies — conservatism by the church and the wealthy of Spain. paramedic in the Scottish/Ulster at a high price. holy. By aspiring to reach a height the generation or the individual places its soul good course for Ireland. He said the were asked they would almost certainly disbanded, would be a shameful betrayal story of the working-class versus socialism, right against left, One of the founders of the Republican ambulance unit and was captured along The Spanish Civil War was quickly unassailably upon that height, even should its body be trampled in mud at its base. Upon following in a Dail speech on foreign say no. of their memory. fascism squaring up to communism. Congress, Frank Ryan, was urged by his with another Belfast man, Joe Boyd, near overshadowed by the outbreak of World what height or in what sunless depth of corruption has this generation placed its soul?" Catholic and Protestant Working-class men living in Ireland found friend and comrade, Charlie Donnelly, Tarabanchel on 8 November 1936. War Two, when fascism swept across the The Workers' Republic, 11 March 1916 volunteers from the six themselves torn between the conservative from Killbrackey, Co/fyrone, to support remainder of Europe. The Nazis had sent church, to which they were bonded by the cause cf the Spanish republicans. N 1934, Liam Tumilson and Jim 26,000 men to help Franco, and the Cause of labour counties who fought and faith and religion, and the attractions of Donnelly visited Ryan in Dublin during Straney carried the banner of the Luftwaffe had used Spain as a training "The cause of labour is the cause of Ireland, and the cause of Ireland is the cause of Irish Democrat 60th died on the battlefields of socialism, which the keenly-felt 1936 before leaving for England where he Shankill James Connolly Socialists ground to improve its bombing labour. They cannot be dissevered. Ireland seeks free" >m. Labour seeks that an Ireland inequalities of daily life led many of them had already spent some time. to Bodenstown. The club had sent techniques, which would be put to further free should be the sole mistress of her own destiny, su re me owner of all material things Spain in defence of the to adopt In September 1936, Cardinal two lorry loads of men from the devastating use in Poland in 1939. within and upon her soil. Labour seeks to make the free Irish nation the guardian of the The carnage of the First World War, MacRory, Archbishop of Armagh, North Belfast and Ballymacarrett to The Belfast men who had fought in Anniversary Appeal Spanish republic interests of the people of Ireland, and to secure that end would vest in that free Irish and the failure of politicians to deliver publicly denounced Ryan and the the annual republican commemoration. Spain began to come home in mid- nation all property rights as against the claim of the individual, with an end in view that THIS YEAR we are proud to celebrate the bought the paper and donated to it I However, with your help, once again, promises of a better life, had seen the rise Republican Congress for sending a However, during the procession, the December 1938. The first six to return the individual may be enriched by the nation, and not by the spoiling of his fellows." 60th anniversary of the Irish Democrat. The decision to expand to a twelve- we will meet this challenge and continue WO WEEKS before of working-class politics in the 1920s. message of support to the Spanish Belfast socialists, who were led by Bill were Willie O'Hanlon from the Short 1 The Workers Republic, 8 April 1916 First published by the Connolly Club, the page paper and the need to keep up with to produce a first-class campaigning paper Christmas 1936, hundreds of While fascism gripped Germany and Italy, republicans, whom he denounced as "an McMullan, were attacked by members of Strand, Hugh Hunter from York Street. forerunner of the Connolly Association, in technological developments in printing committed to championing Irish unity and Irishmen travelled to Spain to in Ireland it was the same old story — evil regime". An outraged Ryan in an the East Tipperary IRA for carrying an Bill Lord from Carrick Hill. Willie Fulton, The civilised nation January 1939, the paper has an unmatched and production has resulted in significant independence based on peace, equality join the international brigades politics and religion remained inextricably open letter replied: "May I assure your unauthorised banner, but mainly for the who had joined in Australia Robert Boyle "Every force that seeks to maintain for the labourer the position he had before the war record of campaigning for Irish unity and increased costs. and justice for all. fighting on the republican side bonded. However, as poverty increased eminence that as an Irish Catholic I will politics they represented. and Jim Larmour. In total, more than 30 independence and for the rights of the (1914-18, ed), and to improve upon that position is for that reason a valuable force for in the Spanish Civil War. The between 1932-34 there emerged in Belfast take my religion from Rome, but as an The first Irish volunteers to fight in the Belfast men had gone to Spain, ten of Irish in Britain. the preservation of civilisation. The civilisation of any country today is judged by the volunteers, many of then ill-prepared for a real chance for working-class unity. The Irish republican I will take my politics Spanish Civil war saw action on the whom, were killed out of a total of 59 Irish position of the working class. A degraded working class means a degraded country, and T Indeed, for many of these years it was PLEASE SUPPORT THE 60th ANNIVERSARY APPEAL the appalling conditions and carnage that spread of socialist ideas proved to be a from neither Moscow nor Maynooth." Cordova front in December 1936. As casualties on the republican side. a country weak against its foreign enemies. The working class upon a high plane of the only paper available in Britain which was awaiting them, had nothing materially rare unifying factor against a background Ryan began to organise men to send to more volunteers arrived, a training Little has been written about the intelligence, in possession of social rights and strongly entrenched upon the political and was prepared to speak out on these I would like to make a donation of £50 £25 £10 £5 other to gain by taking part; their participation of outdoor relief riots, unemployment and Spain and the Irish contingent left Dublin, programme was put into place, and the northern men who went to fight in this economic field means a country dignified, respected, progressive and powerful against important issues. was based purely on ideology, a belief that depression. Belfast and Rosslare on 14 December Irish found themselves at Madrigueras, foreign field, compelled by the strength of foreign attack." That it continues to be published I would like to take out a subscription/gift subscription (£5 JO, Britain - supporting they were fighting against (he tide of But neither the Stormont government 1936, travelling through London and near Albecete, along with the British their beliefs. But what European conflict The Workers' Republic, 8 April 1916 regularly when so many small, subscription £10, £8, Europe, £11, USA & Canada, £12, Australia & New Zealand) fascism sweeping Europe. nor the Catholic Church would allow wha. France to Madrigueras in Spain. battalion. However, the Irish voted by a have Irishmen not fought in? They drift independent publications have gone to the The majority of the Irish contingent they considered to be left-wing Charlie Donnelly, having returned to narrow margin to remain as a separate into the annals of history, just names wall in recent years is nothing short of a Last words Name Address came from the Free State. However, communist politics to take preference over London from Dublin, left the English unit, moving to Villanueva de la Jara in within volumes of print. minor miracle. "We went out to break the connection between this country and the British empire, and among their ranks were many northerners, faith, belief and loyalty. Even the IRA capital on 23 December 1936 and joined January 1937 where they joined the What is sure, however, is that whether to establish an Irish republic. We believed that the call wc then issued to the people of This not insignificant achievement is a Postcode a surprising mix of Catholic and would not rally to the socialist banner, the the contingent 15 days later, travelling to American Lincoln Battalion. it was the Jarama Valley, Brunette, Aragon Ireland was a nobler call, in a holier cause than any issued to them during this war (1914- tribute to those members of the Connolly Protestant, nationalist and unionist, joined majority in Belfast rightly seeing Spain alone. By the time he reached them A few weeks later, on 6 February or the Ebro, rooted among the olive trees 18, ed). We succeeded in proving that Irishmen are ready to die endeavouring to win for Association who have, over the years, Cheques and postal orders (sterling only please) to be made payable to by a common bond of socialist ideals and themselves as 'natural republicans' and eleven of the group had already been 1937, Franco's army advanced into the is a small piece of Ballymacarrett and the Ireland those national rights which the British government had been asking them to die given their time and energy to produce and Connolly Publications Limited, r disillusionment with the society they were anti-communist. The movement would killed in the first few weeks of fighting. Jarama Valley in an attempt to capture the Shankill, Belfast blood that ran free on the to win for Belgium." sell the paper, and to all those in Britain, and sent to: CA, 244 Gray's Ii.n Road, London WCIX 8JR leaving behind. not involve itself in the 1932 outdoor relief If the urgings of the Republican road between Madrid and Valencia dry, stony ground of Spain. From James Connelly's last statement, 9 May 1916 Ireland and from further afield who have Irish Democrat April/May

Irish Democrat April/May 1999 Page 9 Reviews Reviews the world There are now nearly 200 - a appearance in the mid 1960s broke the threefold increase in fifty years. A key mould of nationalist politics in the North authorities created the pub in an effort to era. the author s informative .uid insightful impulse behind this increase has been the through a de facto recognition of the control and regulate the traditional out-of- account ensures that the book is lar more A world of resentment of national communities Northern Ireland statelet. The resilience off doors consumption of drink at fairs and on than a mere chronological use and fall' w ithout states of their own at how they are The author goes on to examines the festive occasions. What were seen as mere affair. treated by dominant elites, frequently of influence and role of the party and key populer culture drunken brawls at fairs, patterns and In essence, the short life of CnP different nationality, inside multinational individuals in relation to the Sunningdale 500 states? wakes often had a ritual element which the encapsulated some of the most important states they do not identify with. One power-sharing experiment and the work of Sally Richardson reviews Irish authorities failed to take account of. The political events of the emerging modern Edrtod by should not proclaim dogmatically that the New Ireland Forum. John Miirpln it \ic\w Popular Culture 1650-1850 Catholic as well as the Protestant churches Irish nation. The inter-party' government Don Maclver multinational states cannot endure But Despite Thatcher's famous "Out, out. edited by James S. Donnelly jr. and battled to stamp out the surviving it helped to form after the 1948 general The Politics of Multinational the historical experience seems to be that out" response to the main conclusions of Kerby A. Miller, Irish Academic Press, practices of an older pagan religion. election introduced the coalition States l>\ Dull Mat l\i i. Utitmilliui for that to happen, the bigger nationalities the Forum report these nevertheless laid £35 hbk The Protestant middle and upper government concept into Irish politics, Press. £47.50 hhk within them, and the politicians they the basis for the Anglo-Irish Agreement classes (themselves the products of inter while the first 'church-state' battle over throw up, must lean over backwards to and British government recognition of the POPULAR CULTURE is always subject breeding between natives and settlers) Noel Browne's Mother and Child' scheme I HIS IMPORTANT book is a series of accommodate the interests and validity of an 'Irish dimension' in any to pressure from above, as the sometimes took an interest in native Irish questioned the relationship between these case studies of the relation of state and sensitivities of the smaller nations, and future arrangements for governing the THE POLITICS OF establishment and ruling-classes try to culture, recognising the sophistication of twin pillars of the modern Irish nation and nation in a number of multinational states: very often that does not happen. North. MULTINATIONAL suppress, change, control or even copy it what was often described as 'barbaric', raised the issue of separation. India. Russia. Belgium, Czechoslovakia, STATES As most states are still multinational, The Hume/Adams dialogue, which for their own purposes. although as is pointed out, the old Gaelic CnPs attempt to wrestle and challenge Lebanon. Switzerland. Yugoslavia, the process of their dissolution will almost launched the Irish peace initiative and But, it is a mistake to regard Ireland in order had its own 6lite and aristocratic the republican hegemony of Fianna F4iIT 'rtntain, Canada and Spain. It will give certainly continue. Mankind is probably eventually led to the signing of the Good this period as having two separate distinct traditions. succeeded in putting de Valera out of new insight and knowledge to anyone moving towards a world of 500 States. Friday agreement, is also dealt with in cultures: native/settler, rural/urban, As this book shows, the relationship office for the first time in 16 years, interested in that most important political The embryonic and emergent nationalities some depth, although Murray is unable to Catholic/Protestant, popular/elitist. between the various strands which make following the party's impressive showing subject, the national question. of Africa and Asia, where most people still Leader at the helm add much that hasn't already been covered As Kevin Whelan shows in his essay up Irish culture and society is complex in the 1948 general election - a mere two The editor defines nationalism as "an live at the pre-national, clan-tribal stage of by previous studies of the peace process. Declan O 'Brien reviews An Underground Gentry? the old Irish and not always clear cut. The lower- Rise and fall years after its formation. aspiration and a demand for sell-rule by society, are bound to spawn many new Other sections deal with Hume's long- Catholic landowning class survived under always easy or even possible to draw a orders, however unruly, undisciplined and However, the party suffered badly as a the people defining themselves as the as nationalisms and lead to many new nation John Hume and the SDLP: standing obsession with Europe, the basis the new regime as middlemen and kept up cultural dividing-line between them as anarchic they appear from above, have of the Clann result of it's role in the inter party nation with the object of bringing the states in the coming century. It is very impact and survival in of much of his own peculiar brand of 'post traditions of hospitality and patronage; they were brought together by rules and patterns of This book provides government, from ideological confusion nation and the state ultimately into brought several new nation states into doubtful if states like Nigeria, the Congo, Northern Ireland by Gerard nationalism', and his successful efforts meanwhile a new Catholic middle class participation in activities such as sport and an intriguing glimpse into a period that Enda Finlay reviews within its own ranks, and from an inability concurrence." This definition being in Europe and the Middle East. Pakistan and India, which contain dozens Murray, Irish Academic Press, £27. 50 from the mid-1970s onwards to win was emerging. music. saw great changes and shows the ways in by Eithne to repeat its impressive early successes, distinguishes nationalism as an aspiration After World War II the collapse of and sometimes hundreds of different hbk backing for his approach from within key Clann na Poblachta, Sean Connolly examines the However, popular culture was often which an older society survived, adapted ceasing to be a major political force after to self-determination, rooted in the European colonialism in Africa and Asia language and ethnic groups within them, sections of the US establishment. McDermott, Cork University Press, relationship between ruling classes and seen as threatening. A fascinating piece by and changed under conditions of de Valera ultimately regained power. democratic principles of the French was a second round of new state will continue intact with their present PERHAPS THE first thing to say about However, although Hume's has been £12.95 pbk the lower orders and finds that it is not Elizabeth Malcolm discusses the way the dispossession and oppression. As the author perceptively suggests Revolution, from the nationalism - more formation. The break-up of the USSR, boundaries. this book is that it's not in any sense a central throughout, Murray identifies the not only have the exclusivist and properly imperialism - of the likes of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia in the past When the Chinese leader Chou-en-lai biography of the SDLP leader John party's an over-reliance on him, poor organisation and more generally provides ONE OF the best books on Irish politics 1 inclusivist versions of ideological Hitler and Mussolini, which sets out to decade was a third, bringing some 20 new was asked in the 1950s what he thought of Hume. It is, however, a serious academic organisational structure and a shortage of Casting light on an insight into how this shadowy have read in recent years. Eithne republicanism "competed over the future subjugate other nations. European states into being. Britain itself the French Revolution, he said it was too study of the of the party which grass-roots activists, as serious DIS/AGREEING conspiracy marks the birth of Irish secret McDermott tells the remarkable story of direction of the state, but sometimes these The break-up of multinational states may well be fated to vanish as a state, to early to say. How right he was! This book nevertheless owes much of its current weaknesses which have affected the IRELAND a lost rebellion societies with 'purely political aims'. the rise and fall of the small, radical, contesting visions have even contended and the winning by their subject peoples be replaced by new states for England, gives fact and instance to show that prominence to the ideas, personality and SDLP's ability to respond to the challenge Cors If *5*. OM Available from the Four Provinces republican party, Clann na Poblachta u ith each other as different strands within of freedom to form nation states of their Scotland and Wales. Although not that mankind is still in the relatively early influence of one man. of growing electoral support for Sinn Fein. Enda Finlay reviews The Bookshop or fmm Anthony M. Breen, 72 (CnP). one political movement, or party". The own, has been one of the great new really, for England and Scotland after stages of applying that key democratic Murray traces the political origins of The question many nationalists will be £ < t d {? y ) i r» c <, A fl «1 c r s t) n Anderson Close, Needham Market, Expertly locating CnP within the history of CnP offers as potent an example* i^.nancipatory movements of our century. all were separate nation states before the principle of the French Revolution, the the SDLP back to the formation of the asking is: what will happen to the SDLP and J a at ? s G o o rf * n Cappoquin Rebellion 1849. by Suffolk IP6 8UB social and political context of the post-war as any. The collapse of the Austro-Hungarian and 17th century. right of nations and peoples to self- National Democratic Party, whose when Hume is no longer at the helm? Anthony M. Breen, £6.50 find, p&p) Turkish Empires after World War I In 1945 there were some 70 states in determination. have shown that there is a way through, THE LATE 1840s must have been Miscarriage of that it is possible to obtain some kind of Another ideological amongst the bleakest years in Irish part of their culture" has inevitably meant Did you know that crack meant loud justice in the end, and that the HT1 justice guide history: the Famine was at its height: the battleground that some entries are highly subjective and conversation in Middle English? I found presumption of innocence will be Repeal Association and the Young ultimately misleading - the circumstances many words now obsolete in England but restored". CriltAL TRADITION Irelanders had fallen out with each other me rioN a k \ surrounding the creation of the Orange which Shakespeare would have Copies are free on receipt of a 39p No Smoke without Fire, by Jill over the use of physical force and both Shooting to Kill: filmmaking Order in 1795. for example, are simply recognised, such as Janlel, a word used by stamped addressed envelope from Liberty, (, * It V i i« Morrell, Pbk. Bridgewater Four went into decline. Daniel O'Connell's and the 'Troubles' in Northern omitted. Hamlet, meaning parcel or burden. 1 also 32 Tabard Street, London SEI 4LA or tnst a'**!!! Campaign Group death in 1847 failed to heal the divisions. Ireland, Brian Mcllmy, £12.95 pbk. While the book should be popular with kept coming across words still current in from the Prison Reform Trust, 59 Despair must have been palpable, with no Flicks Books. northern English dialects but not accepted Caledonian Road, London, N1 9BU. schools and libraries, it's hard to believe A NEW guide designed to help victims of end to the suffering in sight. that it will have a particularly wide as standard English. a miscarriage of justice, was launched by the However, in the Spring of 1849 a new Hidden Origins THE RECENT spate of Irish filmmaking readership beyond. One certainly can't A lot of words have been taken straight the Bridgewater Four Support Group on •>/' the A refreshing and conspiracy was beginning to emerge and its championing by generous tax envisage the followers of the Reverend Ian from Irish. The Irish simply took great the second anniversary of the release from United lrkhmcn involving men such as Thomas Clarke incentives on the part of the Irish Paisley using it to broaden their chunks of their own language and prison of Michael Hickey, Vincent Hickey stimulating read Luby, James Fintan Lalor, John O'Leary, government have added to a growing knowledge of first communion, holy transplanted them into the language of the and Jim Robinson. The fourth, Jim Philip Grey, and Joseph Brenan - all of interest in Irish films. The successful Irish water, novenas and nuns. occupiers. Molloy, died in prison. A.T.Q. s I fWAK 1 whom were thought to be involved in a film festival in London showcased the Similarly, the residents of the Dolan explains how many Hiberno- The booklet draws in the experience of Dis/Agreeing Ireland: contexts, network of secret clubs, possibly called range of talent and variety that currently Garvaghy Road are unlikely to jump at the English constructions are translated the Bridgewater Four and other campaigns obstacles, hopes, edited by James the Irish Democratic Association. exits. chance to use it as a means of exploring directly from Irish; in particular, the and starts from the moment of arrest, Anderson and James Goodman, Pluto Before the storm The new group set about making However, when attention is focussed the cultural significance of the bowler hat, absense of words in Irish for 'yes', 'know' advise on dealing with lawyers and Press, pbk £14.99 contact with former Young Irelanders and Sally Richardson reviews on films dealing with the particulars of the the Siege of Derry or the Union Jack for and 'to have' leads to typically Hibernian barristers, getting your case to the Court of A Deeper planning a new rebellion. Among the north of Ireland, there exist problems of the politics of the SDLP and Sinn Fein. members of the Orange Order. ways of framing sentences. The Irish Appeal and how to mount an effective Silence: the hidden origins of IT WOULD not be an exaggeration to say operations considered by the conspirators fair and accurate representation and In his conclusions Mcilroy informs us Yet, whatever its flaws, if this suffix -in ( een) is frequently tagged onto campaign. the United Irishmen by A.T.Q. that it is not often that a book on the were the rescuing of Young Irelanders ideological domination of film, television that British and Irish filmmakers are innovative book makes even the smallest English words to form diminutives. According to author Jill Morrell: "The Stewart, Blackstaff£9.99pbk contemporary political situation is facing transportation, and the kidnapping and video work: filmmaking becomes drawn by the "romantic appeal of the Culture or politics? contribution to helping to create a more Dolan's written sources range from the miscarriage of justice cases in recent years refreshing. This book manages to be both of Queen Victoria during a visit to Dublin another battleground for hearts and minds. 'unfinished narrative' of Irish unity" and tolerant society in the North it will have 17th century to Roddy Doyle and, in refreshing and stimulating as it takes an by the monarch and Prince Albert in BY ONE of those strange contradictions Mcllroy provides us with a detailed, as a consequence are unwilling to "face been a worthwhile piece of publishing. addition to this, he has done a great deal of David Granville reviews The Cultural holistic approach to the conflict and looks August 1949. Lack of resources and poor of history the origins of Irish academic analysis of filmmaking during the fact that no basis for Irish unity (bv field work collecting current and recent Traditions Dictionary, Gary Law, at how the various aspects of the conflict organisation meant that nothing came of republicanism owe much to the Whig the years of the troubles. It is clear that the consent) currently exists". Irish usages. Blackstaff Press, £9.99pbk (illustrated) have been shaped and changed by recent these plans, although the conspirators did tradition that emei^ed from the victory of author has no time for republicanism and Despite the revisionist and intellectual The result is a book most readers will Four Provinces events. begin to organise volunteers in a number William of Orange. It was a victory that supports Nairn's 'myth of anti- posturing in this book, there are Quietly subversive find hard to stop dipping into. It is perhaps the focus provided by the of areas, particularly in Munster. contained the seeds of its own undoing. imperialism' thesis, a lampoon of Irish interesting chapters and comments on COMMISSIONED BY the Cultural This book is prefaced by a quote from Belfast Agreement that allows for the The group's only major operation was Stewart looks at this and some of the republicanism and an attempt to rubbish Irish filmmaking. Diversity Programme of the Community Sally Richardson reviews Seamus Heaney, who describes Hiberno- reader to look towards possible futures the unsuccessful attack on the police other factors that led to the foundation of Relations Council, we are informed that English as "the wrong Grammar which Irish bookshop A Dictionary of Hibemo-Irish and how aspects of the conflict may be barracks at Cappoquin, Co. Waterford on the United Irishmen. These include the Reviews in brief this dictionary is both a response to kept us allied and at bay". compiled and edited by Patrick Dolan, 244 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8JR ameliorated. 16 September 1849. Although around 50 Volunteer movement that developed out of HANGED FOR High Treason on Keogh explores the inconsistencies in increasing interest in 'other' cultural The language issue in Ireland is a Gill And Macmillan £25 hbk The various authors include academics conspirators took part in the attack, the the crisis of the American revolution, the Pennington Heath, near Maidstone, in Coigly's text and identifies the priest as a traditions in Northern Ireland and a political one; rightly so, since language is tel: 0171 833 3022 and activists from Ireland, Britain and attackers were repelled by the authorities. penal laws, whose "overall effect... was to June 1798, Father James Coigly remains key figure in the United Irish organisation contribution to the knowledge and power and whose language is accepted or wider afield who cover a very broad range Several other operations planned for the distort Irish society", and even the one of the more enigmatic figures whose attempts to raise support for the understanding of cultural diversity THE WAY the Irish speak English - so rejected says a great deal about a society of topics including the peace process, same night failed to materialise. The republican legacy of the English civil war. associated with the United Irish rebellion. rebellion in France and among English throughout Ireland. The author's task is often the butt of English mockery - and its power structure. For a wide selection of books, music Ireland and Europe, cross-border attempted rebellion was at an end. Many Republicanism, separatism and equal The publication by Cork University radicals ended at the gallows pole. undoubtedly a difficult one. constitutes a dialect as legitimate as Perhaps the way the Irish use English cassettes, cards and badges. integration, human rights, women, and the of the conspirators were either jailed or rights for Catholics were on the United Press in its Irish Narratives series of A Other new titles in the narratives This txx>k's 227 entries cover sport, standard 'British' English. This dictionary is itself subversive; it's no accident that so role of republicans and loyalists. transported to Australia, although some Irish agenda from the start. Patriot Priest: the life of Father James include My Darling Danny, letters from music, politics, history, folklore, religion is a cornucopia documenting and many of the greatest and most inventive History, politics and Irish language a In dedicating the book to the United successfully fled to America where they Stewart concentrates on the dissenting Coigly 1761-1798 (£8.95 pbk), is Mary O'Connell to her son Daniel, 1830- and symbols ranging from the Act of explaining a mass of Hiberno-English writers in the English language have been speciality Irishmen, the editors state that "building joined up with other Irish exiles and Presbyterian tradition that many of the therefore most welcome. 1832 (Erin I. Bishop, ed.) and The Rebel Union, the Ancient Order of Hibernians expressions and usages. Irish. island-wide politics around such (non- became involved in establishing the Irish founders of the United Irishmen sprang Written as an address to the Irish in his Family; selected papers of William and the Church of Ireland through to The author is a professor of Old and Their irreverent attitude to English national) questions has the potential to Republican Brotherhood and the Fenians. from. The strength of the United Irish people in the form of a series of letters to Smith 0'Rrlen (Richard and Marianne diaspora, the Freemasons, the Orange Middle English, which helps give him an allows them to treat it in ways that no Open 11am-4pm, deliver emancipation from the religious The author of this important and movement was that it was capable of his cousin, Valentine Deny, a prominent Davis, ed.) Older, nationalism, plantation, set inside-out understanding of his subject English writer could imagine or dare. and national divisions which the United highly readable study is to be bringing these all together in one United Irishman from County Louth, The Road: memories of the Falls by dancing, the Tara brooch and the Young because, as he explains in the They have taken a language imposed Tuesday to Saturday Irishmen tried to remove from Ireland 200 congratulated for bringing into life this organisation to oppose the inequality and Coigly's account provides fascinating Robin Livingstone (Blackstaff Press. Farmers' Clubs of Ulster. introduction, Hiberno-English preserves a on them by a foreign power and have years ago". apparently 'forgotten' episode in Irish oppression of British rule. Protestants, of background detail to the rebellion while £10.99 pbk) is a delightful and One obvious problem is that a good deal of the vocabulary, grammar and deconstructed it, put it back together and Mail order and catalogue available on request Essential reading for anyone interested history. Anthony M. Breen demonstrates course, do not have a monopoly on the simultaneously attempting to portray unashamedly nostalgic tribute to the ueliberate policy of viewing topics "from pronunciation current in England in the turned it against their oppressors. There's a in the various components that comprise the influence of the 1849 movement and ideals of democracy. However, Irish himself as a blameless victim of 'the boyhood of the author and current editor th" point of view of those for whom it is 17th century. lesson for colonialism here, perhaps. the conflict and how disagreements may the attempted rebellion, about which, until republicanism grew naturally out of troubles'. This slim volume includes an the editor of the Belfast newspaper, the be reconciled. now, so little has been known, on Fenian Protestantism. excellent introduction by Daire Keogh. Andersonstown News. r t < Irish Democrat April/May 1995

Page 10 Msh trelh^rkphVMzy Irish songs Sources said... t Reviews Mitchel's Farewell to his But have a big monkey jacket Chorus: Peter Mulligan's regular trawl through the Always at your command, their decision to a-sort to violence. Then again, perhaps Peter Taylor is kwn-om So merrily, so merry are we. British media Craig's influence is seen as equally planning to follow Pmvos and Loyalists Countrymen For there blows some cold nor'westers. No smoothies on earth like the CEGB important. At one point a piece of news with one final series on the conflict, Brits. Seamus O Cionnfhaolaidh On the Banks of Newfoundland. We spend public money for all we are worth. Remembering - "Bombay Street was a In 'defence' of This song is from that great collection of Sam Henry's, footage shows him telling a large crowd of While it is difficult within the confines And our latest reactor could cost you the earth. terrible time. It was like ethnic cleansing Songs of the People If you ever come across Mitchel's of three 50 minute TV programmes to Chorus: in Bosnia. I hate to think we could ever he supporters of the need to build up a Inion an Fhaotte on nGleann history of Ireland hang on to it. Do not lend it: your give all the necessary background detail, White's Daughter from the Glen We'll scrape her and we'll scrub her. E's the exhibitiion, so glossy and true, defenceless again. The IRA might dossiers on their enemies. One day it may borrower is unlikely to return it. the Union? there are dangers in leaving out too much. With holy stone and sand, F is for fools we are making of you. decommission one day, but there just isn't be "up to us" lo "liquidate" them he tells And we'll think of the cold nor' westers. his enthusiastic supporters A newcomer to the subject, for example, Gleann (Glen), a small village situated on G is the government, our plans they adore; the trust for it yet." The mother of Gerald I am a true bom Irishman, On the banks of Newfoundland. David Trimble's response to this could have come away thinking that the banks of the river Suir, is midway H is for Harrisburgh which we ignore McAuley, aged 15, killed by loyalists in I)ii\ ill (iiiiimllc mili lwtl B1H '2 \ u i t in John Mitchel is my name, sequence is particularly disturbing. Asked loyalists violence against the nationalist between the town of Carrick and Clonmell 1969, The Guardian ilm i1 pun \cncs Loyalists When first 1 joined my countrymen, We had Mike Lynch from Ballynahinch, by Taylor what he thinks of Craig's community of the North was largely a and, in days long since gone, an annual Now I's the inquiry we've rigged up for you, From Newry town I came; Pat Murphy and some more; rallying call, Trimble, replies without any product of the most recent phase of the fair was held there on 28 May each year. J is for jobs there'll be only a few, Talking to loyalists - "They |the I laboured hard both day and night, In the year of eighteen foity-four. SINCT I Hi: da;.s of Home Rule Ireland's hint of irony that it was "a bit over the 'troubles'. The Suir runs directly through the village K is for kilowatts made expensively of lead. unionists] need to remember when they To free my native land. Those seaboys suffered sore: unionists have gone about the business ol top". Others, including former UDA Since the programmes were broadcast dividing it in to two - hence the proverb But a Low level fall-out we throw in for free. talk about honour and integrity and And for that I was transported unto They pawned their gear in Liverpool, displaying loyalty to the British Crown in leader Andy Tyrie. are less circumspect. it has also become clear that an among Irish speakers in the area: 'Biodh decency how many of them had long and Van Dieman's Land. And sailed as they did stand, a peculiarly violent and threatening ua\. These programmes are undoubtedly opportunity was missed to question one of leath ar an dtaobh air ar nos aonach an M is for Magnox too old and too tame, meaningful debates with me when I was a And there blows some cold nor' westers. Determined to maintain unionist important for the insights they give us into those who, according to a recent report in Gleann' (Let it be fairly divided like the N is for nuclear, it's our favourite game. representative not of the PUP but of the When first I joined my countrymen. On the banks of Newfoundland. diminution in the face of the democratic certain aspects of loyalist thinking and the Ireland's Sunday Tribune, was responsible fair of Glen). O is for outfall that warms up the tide, Ulster Volunteer Force in meetings ^11 It was in 'forty-two, demands by six county nationalists and developments which were to eventually for the Dublin and Monaghan bombings. And P's the plutonium we make on the side. over this country [sic], and indeed, in And what did happen after that, We had on board an Irish girl, the violent actions of militant lead to the adoption of a pragmatic The question of whether the UVF Siul a chuid bi ag gluaiseacht, some of their houses. I don't want to do it. I quickly tell to you. Bridge Reilly was her name, republicanism, the lengths to which some political approach by the PUP and UDP bombers received any assistance from Gan scith gan stad gan fuara, Q is for queer things going on by the sea, I don't want to give nationalists or I raised the standard of Repeal, To her I'd promised marriage, modern-day loyalists were prepared to uo and to the ceasefires of the UVF. and the British security forces, as has long been Ta'n oiche ghairid shamhradh ann. R is for for radioactivity. republicans a cudgel to beat unionists I gloried in the deed, On me she had a claim: with, but I am not prepared to see this in defence of the Union' was chillimih UDA/UFF. suspected, is one which has yet to be Is bi'm araon ar siul? S is the swimming pool we'll build for you I vowed to heaven I ne'er would rest, She tore up her flannel petticoat; process go down." David I nine, leader of explored in the recent three-pan BUC2 In common with republicanism, it is answered convincingly. Gheobhair aoibhneas bhailti mhora, When the Truth has been told and the plans are forced Till old Ireland would be freed. To make mittens for my hands, the PUP, Daily Telegraph series. h>\itlt\i\ clear that much of loyalism's new More too could also have been made Agus radharc lem thaobh ar chuanta, through. Before she'd see her true love freeze, Bused largely around a series of thinking' originated behind bars and its no of the frank admission by former UDA Sa Chrfost nar ro bhrea an uain f, Farewell my gallant comrades, On the banks of Newfoundland. interviews with former prisoners and commander Bobby Philpott that loyalists Ar an bhfaoiteach fad on nGleann. U is the underground bunkers you'll need, Duff info - "At Westminster, Hague used coincidence that men like Gusty Spence, It grieves my heart full sore. political leaders responsible for David Irvine and Billy Hutchinson, all of had received assistance in targeting V is for very strange business indeed. unreliable statistics from the Belfast-based To think that I must part from you, So now its reef and reef me boys, developing loyalist strategy, award- and a Protestant woman friend, Irene whom have been central to the republicans from various sections of the Ta me lan de naire W's the wool we pulled over your eyes lobby group, FAIT, which claim to show Perhaps for ever more. With the canvas frozen hard, winning journalist Peter Taylor explores Andrews. Like the overwhelming development of a loyalist 'peace strategy', security forces in the late 1980s. Tre gach beart da ne-dearna, And X marks the spot where your town used to lie. that there has been an upsurge in The love I bear my native land, And it's mount and pass every mother's son, the developments which eventually led majority of loyalist victims, neither were have served lengthy terms of With the recent escalation of loyalist Mar is buachaill me bhi'odh dana, punishment beatings and shootings which I know no other crime, On a ninety foot topsail yard; kev loyalist groups to the negotiating table 'sdimigh uaim mo ghreann! Now Y and Z just don't fit what I play, neatly coincide with the release of associated with the republican movement imprisonment for sectarian violence. violence by shadowy groups like the That is the reason I must go. and to support lor the Good Friday Never mind about the boots and oilskins, They're practically useless but won't go away. prisoners. RUC figures, on the other hand, w ith which the loyalists claimed to be at However, the programmes fail to Orange Volunteers and the Red Hand Ni beo me mi na raithe, Unto a foreign clime. And haul or you'll be damned, In fact just like Sizewell, I hope you'll agree. show beatings and shootings have agreement. war. Like many of those interviewed. convey adequately the historical and Defenders it will be difficult to convince Mar a bhfaghaidh me pog is failte, For there blows some cold nor'westers, One 'A' is enough. There's no need of a 'B' decreased since a high point in 1996." There's certainly no shortage ol White expresses no feelings of remorse. political context of loyalism. There is nationalists that things have really Is cead sine sios led bhan chnis. As I lay in strong irons bound, On the Banks of Newfoundland. Scotland on Sunday chilling moments, heightened b\ the nothing about the motivation of loyalists changed. It therefore remains to be seen A in ton an fhaoite on nGleann. The programmes also examine the part Before my trial day, deadpan matter-of-fact, manner in which plated by more mainstream figures, in attempting to maintain unionist whether the developments within loyalism My loving wife came to my cell, I dreamed a dream the other night, many ol the loyalists interviewed talk including former Ulster Vanguard leader. supremacy or he responsibility of the charted in these programmes will prove to Is mo Caih'n bharruil speiriuil. The Exterminators' Song Collusion - "Weir (former RUC sergeant) And thus to me did say; I dreamed that I was at home, abtjul their involvement 111 horrendous Bill Craig and Ian Paisley. British government for creating and then be one of the more significant Do ghluaisfeadh liom 'na haonar, This song by John Cornelius O'Callaghan appeared in admits he co-operated with loyafjst Cheer up my gallant husband, I dreamed that me and my true love, acts of sectarian violence. While Paisley's rabble-rousing guaranteeing the existence of a developments of the peace process or yet Mollaim fein a treithe, a book called The Young Irelanders. The book contains paramilitaries on and off for many years Undaunted always be, We was back in old Dublin town; A founder member of the I'l l , and flirtation with paramilitary activity is discriminatory, sectarian slum in Ireland's another false dawn. A gcoillte bheal ath uir, many articles, poems and songs which appeared in The and claims that a number of other security For 'tis better die a thousand deaths, That we were back on Erin's shore. . iirrcntly prisoners spokesperson for the something he continues to play down north eastern corner. Instead everything is Da mbeimt's len-cheile. Nation, edited by Thomas Davis. The song shows the force members did the same. 'During my Than live in slavery. With a jug of ale in hand, 1)1'. John White talks candidly of his pari there is little doubt in the minds of some related to loyalists' so-called war against A book to accompany the TV series, 's ag 61 i nDurlas fheile. outlook of many of the landlords during the famine. time as an RUC officer, 1 was aware of or But then I woke and my heart was broke, suspected a number of instances in which ii ihc Ircn/ied attack which resulted m the former associates who went on to commit the IRA. Once again, the British are off Loyalists by Peter Taylor, is published by Mo laimh fe chionn chead sheare. I said "My darling girl, On the Banks of Newfoundland. 'Tis I am the poor man's scourge! RUC officers and members of the British ii-utlis ol Stonnont senator Pat Id \ Wilson atrocities that his influence was central to the hook. Bloomsbury, at £16.99 (hbk) Do chuirfinn i chun suain. It grieves my heart full sore. And where is the scourge like me? Army collaborated with terrorists, for the To think it's from you, And now we're off the hook, me boys, Notes: naire (shame), siul a chuid (walk My land from all Papists I purge, most part loyalists'". The Sunday Times That I must pan perhaps for evermore. And the land's all white with snow, Who think that their votes should be free. immediately appreciate the sheer Cockade versions). Other songs are less my love), gheobhair (you will get), is cead Alas, my friends and relatives, And soon we'll see the paytable, Who think that their votes should be free. A demonstration of perfection of his playing. well known but equally powerful. sine sfos (to lay down), da mbeimis ag a State guns - "Northern Ireland has an Will mourn my sad downfall, And have all night below; For huts only fitted for brutes In addition to immortalising a The production is unsophisticated and cheile (if we had each other), ag ol i inordinate number of legally-held sheer perfection But to part from you, my native land, And on the docks, come down in flocks My agent the last penny rings; traditional repertoire, Liam O'Flynn was the arrangements sparse, ensuring that the nDurlas fheile (drinking in Thurles) firearms- 139,000 in a country f sic j of a It grieves me most of all. The pretty girls will stand, And my serfs live on water and roots, commissioned to write a new piece. An words of the songs are fully to the fore. million and a half people. Most of these "It's snugger with me than it is at sea, While I feast on the best of good things! are shotguns and airguns, together with Derek Humphries reviews Droichead (The Bridge), for the Singers featured include Martin Whelan, Anniversary parade I was quickly placed in the dock. On the banks of Newfoundland". For I am the poor man's scourge? inauguration of Irish president Mary Jimmy Kelly, Johnny Flood. Joe Deasey, 13,(XX) small-bore rifles and 12,700 The Piper's Call, Liam O'Flynn. Still in strong arms bound, For I am the poor man's scourge! A selection of anniversaries* for the handguns." David McKittrick, The him CI) and cassette McAleese. Fergus Whelan and Clfodna Nf Mhurchu Whilst numbers of my countrymen, Independent A supplementary injection of Galician - the latters' unaccompanied version of month of April Were gathered all around; The Sizewell ABC Chorus: HLRH IS yet another classic from tunes, performed on native bagpipes by Ewan MacColl's Ten Young Women and NB. General John de Chastelain. who I was offered my liberty, At a conference organised by the Connolly Association Yes, you are the poor man's scourge! Ireland's uilleann pipes exponent, Liam guest musician Carlos Nunez, introduces One Young Man, about the 1980 Dunnes April 3 - Patrick Pearse orders Volunteer heads the decommissioning body, said he If I'd deny the cause. and the Celtic League in Liverpool in 1985, the Irish But of such the whole island we'll purge O'Flynn. By my reckoning, this must be the listener to a Celtic diversity beyond the store strike, is particularly moving. Mick manoeuvres for Easter, 1916 hoped to complete disarmament by May But I'd rather die on the gallows high Sea was described as the most radio-active in the world. his tilth solo-album since departing the Irish shores. Lacey's fine banjo playing is to be found 2000. His comments relate only to non- Than submit to tyrant laws. The coastal communities on the east coast of Ireland Add despot, and a strong one, am I, legendary Planxty band. As usual. Liam is supported by the on most tracks. April 5 - Trial of Oscar Wilde begins at state-held arms. and the west coast of England live beside an open Since a Drummond and no longer is here As an ex-pupil of Ireland's piping cream of Irish musicians such as his old The sleeve note dedication probably Old Bailey, 1895 I was placed on board a convict ship, nuclear cesspool. This protest song about the building of To my 'duties' to point every eye, maestros. Leo Rowsome, Seamus Ennis Planxty contemporaries Matt Molloy says it all: "to all those who believe that Threats - "The Belfast Chamber of Without the least delay, the Sizewell B nuclear power station was written by Tim Though of 'rights' I wish only to hear - and friend of Willie Clancy, O'Flynn (flute) and .Sean Keane (fiddle). Superb the world belongs to those who work in it April 8 - First Home Rule Bill, Commerce confirmed it had received For Bermuda's isle our course was steered, Laycock. Though of 'rights' I wish only to hear continues to maintain a well established rhythm is demonstrated by guitarists Arty and not those who parasite upon their introduced to House of Commons, 1886; threats from the Black Friday Brigade, an I'll ne'er forget the day; If conspiracies I apprehend, tradition with this 11 track compilation. McGlynn and Stephen Cooney. labour, to all who believe that the labour IRA hunger striker Bobby Sands elected unknown loyalist terror group, over its And as I stood upon the deck. To throw off my rack-renting rule. One only has to listen lo the first Orchestration is by Micheal movement should draw strength from the as MP for South Tyrone, 1981 business contacts with the Irish Republic." To take a farewell view, A is for atoms which we love to split, For a 'Special Commission' I send couple of titles, The Humours of O'Suilleabhain and the Irish Chamber past, even while facing the ever more Financial Times I shed a tear, but not from fear, B if for the bomb-you're all living near it. To my friends of the old Tory school Kiltyclogher and The Pleasures of Hope to Orchestra, plus electric guitar by rock sophisticated challenges of its future, to April 14 - Irish Women's Liberation My native land for you. C is for the cost which will be very high, For I am the poor man's scourge! musician Mark Knopfler. those who still sing then old songs and to Movement holds it's first meeting at the Siege mentality - "One auctioneer recalls D is the danger we always deny. For I am the poor man's scourge! The Piper's Call is a class product, but those who may yet write the new ones". Mansion House, Dublin, 1971 a case in which a Protestant farmer was Adieu, adieu to sweet Belfast what else would you expect from this I'll vote for that brothers and sisters. prepared to take £100,00 less rather than j Join the And likewise to Dublin too. modern master? More information about the labour April 16 - Bernadette Devlin, aged 21 sell to a Roman Catholic." Financial And to my young and tender babes; songs project is available on the internet at elected as MP for Mid-Ulster, 1969 The Connolly Association and Times NB. The Westminster Government Alas! What will they do? | Connolly Association www.dcu.ie/~coms/hsheehan/lsongs.htm has again passed a law forbidding But there's one request I ask of you April 17 - Parnell elected MP for Meath, Towor Hamlets Trades Union Council discrimination in Northern Ireland, this Stirring songs of When your liberty you gain: time relating to pre-conditions on the sale ' The Connolly Association is the oldest Irish campaigning Copies of Songs of Irish Labour are 1875 Remember Mitchel far away, of property. available from the Four Provinces Invite you to a organisation in Britain. Membership costs £10 per year; £12 Irish struggle A Convict o'er the Main. for joint* membership, (£6 joint unwaged), or £5 for Bookshop, 244 Gray's Inn Road, London April 22 - General strike in Ireland discussion on the 1998 Good Friday agreement Bent coppers - "Scotland Yards anti David Granville reviews WCIX 8JR (£13 plus p&p) or directly against British attempts to introduce I individual students, unemployed and pensioners. on Saturday 8 May, 1999, lpm-5:30pm corruption detectives are investigating Irish Labour, Bread and from Bread and Roses Productions Ltd, conscription, 1918 | Membership includes a free subscription to the Irish Songs of The Banks of more than 350 potential miscarriages of Roses BRPCD001 194 Ballymun Road, Dublin 9. I Democrat. April 24 - Irish Republic declared on St. Margaret's House Settlement, 21 Old Ford Road, Bethnal Green, London E2 justice linked to allegedly crookuld Newfoundland officers." The Times I FOR THOSE folk music devotees and steps of the GPO, Dublin 1916 This song appears in Ballad of America: the history of I Name trade unionists who remain unimpressed Speakers: John McDonnell MP, Billy Robinson (Counteract), Brendan America in song. The problem for sailors then was to I I with the movement's 'modernising' April 28 - First Land League meeting, Last word keep from freezing to death. Notice the events take place MacCionnaith (Garvaghy Road Residents Coalition), Jimmy Nolan (Liverpool I Address I tendency, this first offering from new 1879 two years before the Irish Famine. These are the Port joint shop stewards committee), Brenda Callaghan (Belfast TUC), Martin I I mutim Jia production company, Bread (SjThere's a difference between peace American and British packet ships which later took the | .Postcode | and Roses, is likely to go down a treat. April 29 - Easter Rising ends, 1916 McGovern (Sinn Fein), Pat Reynolds (IBRG), Peter Berresford Ellis and liberation. You can still have injustice refugees from the famine to America. and have peace. You can have peace and I I A collection of unrepentant songs of (author/historian), Angie Birthill (Irish Womens' Group London) still be enslaved. So peace isn't the answer I I/we enclose the membership subscription of £ and a I struggle, including two by James April 30 - Republican forces announce My bully boys of Liverpool, Chair: Phil Edwards (Tower Hamlets TUC) - Liberation is the answer. There will be Connolly (A Rebel Song & The ceasefire, ending the Irish Civil War, J donation of £ towards the CA's campaigning. I'd have you beware, no peace until everybody is equal. JJ Watchword of Labour), familiar favourites 1923 When you sail on a Yankee packet ship, Further details: tel 0171 833 3022 (1 lam-4pm Mon-Fri) or 0171 916 6172 — Stokcly CannichaeL CA, WCIX include Tommy Sands' Daughters and J^Q Hlin/inmnn - • Return to: 244 Gray's Inn Road, London 8JR i dungarees jumpers wear, black activist, 1967 Sons and, naturally. The Red Flag by Jim * Originally compiled by C. MacLiam I I Connell (both Tannenhaum and White and updated by Chris Maguire 11 Oemociw » AnonAnonn Iis AnallAnaii: The Peter BerrestorBerresford tinEllis Columcolumn History is a faijnily affair

Irish Democrat columnist Peter employed as an interpreter, then being handled firelocks and bayonets and forced onto a drill square, Berresford Ellis explains how leaves one breathless. What did the officers expect to research into the death, in 1808, of happen? What did happen does not need imagination. The one his Irish ancestors, Tom Ellis, drill broke up with the slaves deciding to make a break for freedom, using the guns and bayonets so resulted in a startling discovery kindly given them by the British Army. about the abolition of slavery in 'The recruits were observed to rush out of the fort,' says the report. 'Lieutenant and Adjutant Ellis the Caribbean island of Jamaica instantly rode towards them to leam the reason of the noise and what they desired; he had scarce reached the spot, before he was knocked off the horse with the HIS COLUMN has often put forward the butt end of some of their firelocks, and received argument that history is generally made several wounds about his head and body with their up of countless family histories histories. bayonets, of which he almost instantly died.' The late Alex Haley's Rants did a The Africans, in the surge for freedom, turned on tremendous social service, in spite of all Major Darley and also knocked him from his horse. the subsequent accusations of forgery. It Tnot only raised a new consciousness among Afro- Americans hut it had the wider effect of creating a Historical events are worldwide interest in tracing individual family histories. People leant! history from that process. about real people, who Some members of the left argue that genealogy is something which only encourages elitism. This is not marry and leave so. It has given new ways of regarding historical movements After all, we are expected to know the descendants — and input of the families of "leaders' - but think of the perspective we would have if we knew what the those descendants ordinary participants, caught up in the turmoil of ihcse events, thought and did. are ourselves I am always impatient with hearing about the thoughts of Wellington and Napoleon at Waterloo. Hut I often wondered what were the thoughts of the He died of wounds within the hour. A sergeant took gardener at Hougoumont farmhouse when he found over and ordered his troopers to fire. Fourteen of the his garden reduced as part of the battlefield with him African 'mutineers' were killed, five wounded and •hollering in it. Do his descendants know what he did two taken prisoner. Then 21 of them threw down their on that day.' weapons and surrendered. The remainder fled into the I blame our estimable colleague Moya St Leger mangrove swamps and brushwood. tor my current musings as something she wrote to me In the understatement of the century the Limerick recently caused me to go to our family archive to General Advertiser says: 'No other reason was check an incident. A branch of HMis family had settled assigned for their improper conduct, by those taken, in the Aw beg Valley, in north Co. Cork, in the 13th than that they had been too repeatedly drilled and that Century. There are still three Ballyellis townlands in they wished to return to their country.' A slave soldier of 'Her Majesty's Colnial Corps' in the Caribbean — a forgotten episode in history ihe area around Doneraile. It was in 1297 that Regular British troops were soon rushed into the Ballvellis first occurs in records. I had never had much sympathy for my ancestor. Lord Viscount Doneraile, about two years ago: and area and the Jamaica Royal Gazette of June 11 tells It has always been an irritation to many of my Being an officer in the British Army and being killed being appointed to the Adjutancy of his Regt. a post us that courts martial took place and sixteen of the tamily to see history books claim that all the Ellis by his own men was not an event that seemed generally assigned to the veteran soldier, bespeaks no slave-mutineers were tried, of which fifteen were particularly worthy of attention. ordinary eulogium on his military acquirements in immediately sentenced to death and shot. I knew that Lord Doneraile, with half-a-dozen that short period.' Thomas Ellis and Sankey Darley were buried with A year after slavery prominent citizens of Doneraile, had held a meeting The manner of his death was bizarre and, what is military honours at Fort Augusta. Ellis was, records in October, 17%, at which it was proposed to set up a more important, it actually reveals an important little the Limerick General Advertiser, 'a native of was supposed to have corps of volunteers to be called the Doneraile known historical fact. History books tell us that it was Doneraile, in the County Cork. In so eminent a degree Yeomanry Cavalry. Another Thomas Ellis of in 1807 that slavery was abolished in Jamaica and in did he possess all the characteristics of his country, been abolished in the Doneraile was among them and, indeed, the meeting British ships and service. Not so. The Limerick that had he not been thus untimely cut off, he must, in of the 12-man committee governing the Yeomanry, General Advertiser carried the details on Lieutenant the course of the military career which lay before him, West Indies, we find held on November 13. 17%, was held in the Ellis Thomas Ellis's death on August 16, 1808. have achieved himself high in the annals of the house at Donerail at I p.m. There is still a record of The event had actually occurred on Sunday, May British Arms ...' the British Army that meeting, who attended and what was discussed. 15,1808. The location was at Port Augusta in Jamaica Well, I have to admit to a satisfaction that other Officers were elected for the cavalry unit and Thomas where the first battalion of the Second West India members of the family, bearing the name Thomas, buying slaves was elected as first sergeant. Regiment was stationed under the command of Major decided that 'the characteristics of their countiy' As Lord Doneraile's Yeomanry Cavalry would J. Sankey Darley. It was a hot, dusty day. Some 54 could be put to better use than in the annals of British have been used against the United Irishmen, new recruits were being drilled by a sergeant. Arms. A Thomas Ellis served in the Irish Republican families in Ireland were all descended from thankfully the Order Book of the unit, still existing, 'They were principally of the Chamba and Brotherhood but was captured by British troops in Cromwellian planters. Ruaidri (Roger) Ellis fought shows that the activities of the unit were mostly Koromantyn nation, purchased a few months since to 1866. Another Thomas Ellis served in the Irish with Eoghan Macrory O'Moore against the Earl of confined to nothing more serious than designing their serve in His Majesty's Colonial Corps,' says the Citizens' Army between 1917 and 1923. Essex at the Pass of Plumes, near Portlaoise, in 1599. own elegant uniforms and parading about the newspaper. This information is mind blowing! Here, a Another member of the family, Daniel Ellis, Between 1607-1627 his son sailed his ship from a countryside. married Bridget Noonan in 1865, and they had a secret harbour between Cr(x»khaven and Schull, West My search for the ancestor who had been killed daughter Bridget. Bridget Ellis married a Denis Cork, plundering English shipping under letters of was made easy when a cousin sent me copies of the Treacy and in 1895 they had a son Sean. Sean Treacy cachet from the Duke of Florence. Limerick General Advertiser, dated August, 1808, Sixteen of the slave- served with the Third Tipperary Brigade of the IRA, However, the Tudor conquests caused some Ellis's which had been preserved in the family archives fired the opening shots of the War of Independence at to conform. During the 17th century in Cork we find among other items. The Ellis who had been killed by mutineers were tried, of Soloheadbeg in 1919, and was killed 'in October, both Catholic and Anglican branches of the family. In his own men was the son, also a Thomas, of the 1920. His cousin Dan Ellis is less well known \pM, George Ellis had become vicar of Liscarroll. In Thomas Ellis of the Doneraile Yeomanry Cavalry. He whom fifteen were although he became commander of the First Battalion 1693 Thomas Ellis, and the name proliferates in the had been bom in 1786 and at the tender age of fifteen (Doon Cappamore) of the East Limerick Brigade, family, was curate at Doneraile and later also vicar of we find him, together with his father, in Lord immediately sentenced to commanding several successful actions around the Liscarroll. The first Peter Ellis in the family, bom in Doneraile's part time cavalry in 1801. Limerick Tipperary border. 1674. was packed off to Trinity College in 1681. Now it seemed that, in 1806, the Earl of Cavan death and shot Importantly, the death of Thomas Ellis in 1808 The St Legers settled in Doneraile in Ihe early 17th was recruiting for a colonial regiment of which he shows that the bland statement that slavery had been ccntury and later bore the title of Viscount Doneraile. was colonel. This was the Second West India abolished in Britain and Jamaica in 1807 was untrue Moya St Leger's comment about the connection Regiment of Fix>t. Young Thomas Ellis, through the year after slavery was supposed to have been and that slaves were still being purchased and forced between our two families set off a train of thought in offices of Lord Doneraile, was commissioned as an abolished in the West Indies, we find the British Army into the British Army as cannon fodder. It also shows my mind. There is a folkloric tradition in the family ensign on May I, 1806. Within a year he had not only buying slaves and putting them in colonial regiments that 'history' is merely a patchwork quilt of family that one of our ancestors, who had a commission in Ihe risen to full lieutenant but was also the adjutant of the to train as soldiers. And the idea that the men, straight history. Historical events are about real people, who British Army, was killed by his own men and ihat Lord unit According to the Limerick General Advertiser. from the African slave ships, not speaking a word of marry and leave descendants and those descendants iSoneraile w;h eventually to blame. 'He received his commission a' the instance of English, for we are told a black sergeant was are ourselves. We all have a share in making history.