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Lake Livingston 2007 Survey Report

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Lake Livingston 2007 Survey Report PERFORMANCE REPORT As Required by FEDERAL AID IN SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACT TEXAS FEDERAL AID PROJECT F-30-R-33 STATEWIDE FRESHWATER FISHERIES MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM 2007 Survey Report Lake Livingston Prepared by: Jeff Henson and Mark Webb Inland Fisheries Division District 3E, Bryan, Texas Carter P. Smith Executive Director Phil Durocher Director, Inland Fisheries July 31, 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Survey and Management Summary.............................................................................................................. 2 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 3 Reservoir Description.................................................................................................................................... 3 Management History ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Methods......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Results and Discussion................................................................................................................................. 4 Fisheries Management Plan.......................................................................................................................... 7 Literature Cited.............................................................................................................................................. 8 Figures and Tables................................................................................................................................... 9-33 Water level (Figure 1)....................................................................................................................... 9 Reservoir characteristics (Table 1) .................................................................................................. 9 Harvest regulations (Table 2)........................................................................................................... 9 Stocking history (Table 3)............................................................................................................... 10 Habitat survey (Table 4) ................................................................................................................. 12 Percent intended angler effort per species (Table 5)..................................................................... 13 Total fishing effort and fishing expenditures (Table 6) ................................................................... 13 Gizzard shad (Figure 2).................................................................................................................. 14 Bluegill (Figure 3) ........................................................................................................................... 15 Redear sunfish (Figure 4) .............................................................................................................. 16 Blue and channel catfish (Figures 5, 6, and 7; Table 7)................................................................. 17 Flathead catfish (Figure 8) ............................................................................................................. 20 White bass (Figures 9-10; Table 8)................................................................................................ 21 Striped bass (Figures 11-12; Table 9)............................................................................................ 23 Largemouth bass (Figures 13; Tables 10-11)................................................................................ 26 White and black crappie (Figures 14 - 15; Table 12) .................................................................... 30 Proposed sampling schedule (Table 13)........................................................................................ 31 Appendix A Catch rates for all species from all gear types ............................................................................... 32 Appendix B Map of 2007-2008 sampling locations ........................................................................................... 33 2 SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT SUMMARY Fish populations in Lake Livingston were surveyed in 2007 using electrofishing, and in 2008 using trap netting and gill netting. Anglers were surveyed from June 2007 to May 2008 with a roving creel survey. This report summarizes the results of the surveys and contains a management plan for the reservoir based on those findings. Reservoir description: Lake Livingston is an 83,277-acre impoundment on the Trinity River in Trinity, Polk, San Jacinto, and Walker Counties, Texas. Lake Livingston was constructed in 1969 by the Trinity River Authority (TRA) and the City of Houston to provide water for municipal, agricultural, and industrial purposes. There is considerable private and commercial real estate development, as well as Lake Livingston State Park and several TRA public parks, around the lower two-thirds of the reservoir. • Management history: All sport fisheries at Lake Livingston are regulated under statewide length and bag limits, with the exception of the bag limit (50/angler/day) for channel and blue catfish. Striped bass fingerlings are stocked annually, and the tailrace provides TPWD hatcheries brood-stock for striped bass and palmetto bass production. The primary management challenges are heavy silt loading and infestations of the noxious exotic plants water hyacinth and water lettuce. Florida largemouth bass were stocked periodically. • Fish community � Prey species: Gizzard and threadfin shad, bluegill, and longear sunfish are the predominant prey species in Lake Livingston. Other less numerous prey fishes include bullhead minnow, inland silverside, green sunfish, warmouth, redear sunfish, and spotted sunfish. � Catfishes: Blue, channel, and flathead catfishes occur in Lake Livingston, but blue catfish is the dominant species. Commercial trotlines are still allowed on Lake Livingston for blue and channel catfish. Blue and channel catfish are the most sought- after species by anglers at Lake Livingston. � White bass: Gill net catch rates and intended angler effort for white bass have increased in the past several years. Angler catch and harvest declined, but both remained high. � Largemouth bass: Electrofishing catch rates of largemouth bass have historically been low at Lake Livingston. Degraded habitat due to heavy silt loading and shoreline bulkheads limit the amount of available habitat for spawning and survival of juvenile bass. Intended angler effort, catch, and harvest for largemouth bass dramatically declined since 2004. � Crappie: Though both black and white crappie occur in Lake Livingston, white crappie far outnumber black crappie. Recent trap net catches of white crappie have been high, yet the creel data indicate intended effort, angler catch, and harvest for crappie was very low at Lake Livingston. • Management strategies: Statewide length and bag limits will continue to be used to regulate sport fish harvest. Cooperative efforts with the Trinity River Authority will continue to address exotic noxious vegetation issues. A research project directed by Heart of the Hills Research Station is investigating stocking survival of stocked striped bass. 3 INTRODUCTION This document is a summary of fisheries data collected from Lake Livingston from June 2007 through May 2008. The purpose of the document is to provide fisheries information and make management recommendations to protect and improve the sport fishery. While information on other species of fishes was collected, this report deals primarily with major sport fishes and important prey species. Historical data are presented with the 2007 and 2008 data for comparison. Reservoir Description Lake Livingston is located on the Trinity River in Trinity, Polk, San Jacinto, and Walker Counties, Texas lying within the Piney Woods Vegetational Area. Soil types are Kaufman-Trinity, Lufkin-Tabor, Bowie- Kirvin, and Susquehana Associations. Lake Livingston was constructed in 1969 by the Trinity River Authority (TRA) and the City of Houston to provide water for municipal, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Lake Livingston has a surface area of 83,277 acres, a drainage area of approximately 15,700 square miles, and a shoreline length of approximately 350 miles. Rainfall in the watershed averages 48.0 inches per year. There is considerable private and commercial real estate development, as well as Lake Livingston State Park and several TRA public parks, around the lower two-thirds of the reservoir. Monthly water level elevations are reported in Figure 1. Other physical characteristics of Lake Livingston are presented in Table 1. Management History Previous management strategies and actions: Management strategies and actions from the previous survey report (Webb and Henson 2004) included: 1. Littoral habitat degradation and siltation have contributed to a decline in sport fish populations at Lake Livingston. Action: Continued cooperative effort with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Trinity River Authority, and Texas Black Bass Unlimited to establish native aquatic plants in Lake Livingston. To date, success is limited to small areas of emergent vegetation. 2. Lake Livingston has a popular largemouth bass fishery with over
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