Amphibians and reptiles of the French West Indies: Inventory, threats and conservation Olivier Lorvelec1,4,5, Michel Pascal1, Claudie Pavis2,4, Philippe Feldmann3,4 1 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station Commune de Recherches en Ichtyophysiologie, Biodiversité et Environnement, IFR 140, Équipe Gestion des Populations Invasives, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France 2 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherche en Productions Végétales, Domaine Duclos, 97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, FWI 3 Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Département Amélioration des Méthodes pour l’Innovation Scientifique, 34000 Montpellier, France 4 Association pour l’Etude et la Protection des Vertébrés et Végétaux des Petites Antilles, c/ Claudie Pavis, Hauteurs Lézarde, 97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, FWI 5 Corresponding author; e-mail:
[email protected] Abstract. At least five marine turtles and 49 terrestrial or freshwater amphibians and reptiles have been listed from the French West Indies since the beginning of human settlement. Among terrestrial or freshwater species, two groups may be distinguished. The first group comprises 35 native species, of which seven are currently extinct or vanished. These species are often endemic to a bank and make up the initial herpetofauna of the French West Indies. Disregarding two species impossible to rule on due to lack of data, the second group includes twelve species that were introduced. Except for marine turtles and some terrestrial species for which the decline was due to human predation, the extinctions primarily involved ground living reptiles of average size and round section body shape. Habitat degradation and mammalian predator introductions have probably contributed to the extinction of these species, in addition to a possible direct impact of man.