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Group Scientific name Common name International / UK status Scottish status Lothian status marine mammal Balaenoptera acutorostrata Minke Whale HSD PS W5 SBL SO1 marine mammal Delphinus delphis Common Dolphin Bo HSD PS W5 SBL SO1 marine mammal Halichoerus grypus Grey Seal Bo HSD marine mammal Lagenorhynchus albirostris White-beaked Dolphin Bo HSD PS W5 SBL SO1 marine mammal Phocoena phocoena Common Porpoise Bo GVU HSD PS W5 SBL SO1 marine mammal Tursiops truncatus Bottle-Nosed Dolphin Bo HSD PS W5 SBL SO1 terrestrial mammal Arvicola terrestris European Water Vole PS W5 SBL Sc5 terrestrial mammal Erinaceus europaeus West European Hedgehog PS terrestrial mammal Lepus europaeus Brown Hare PS SBL Sc5 terrestrial mammal Lepus timidus Mountain Hare HSD PS SBL Sc5 terrestrial mammal Lutra lutra European Otter HSD PS W5 SBL SO1 terrestrial mammal Meles meles Eurasian Badger BA SBL SO1 terrestrial mammal Micromys minutus Harvest Mouse PS E? terrestrial mammal Myotis daubentonii Daubenton's Bat Bo HSD W5 SBL terrestrial mammal Myotis nattereri Natterer's Bat Bo HSD W5 SBL terrestrial mammal Pipistrellus pipistrellus Pipistrellus pipistrellus Bo HSD W5 terrestrial mammal Pipistrellus pygmaeus Soprano Pipistrelle PS SBL terrestrial mammal Plecotus auritus Brown Long-eared Bat Bo HSD PS W5 SBL terrestrial mammal Sciurus vulgaris Eurasian Red Squirrel PS W5 SBL SO1 bird Accipiter nisus Eurasian Sparrowhawk Bo bird Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper Bo bird Alauda arvensis Sky Lark BCR BD SBL bird Alcedo atthis Common Kingfisher BCA W1 SBL bird Anas cra Eurasian Teal BCA Bo bird Anas penelope Eurasian Wigeon Bo bird Anas platyrhynchos Mallard Bo bird Anser anser Greylag Goose BCA Bo W1 bird Anser brachyrhynchus Pink-footed Goose BCA Bo bird Anthus pratensis Meadow Pipit BCA Be bird Apus apus Common Swift SBL Sc5 bird Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone BCA Bo bird Aythya ferina Common Pochard BCA Bo bird Aythya fuligula Tufted Duck Bo bird Botaurus stellaris Great Bittern BCR PS W1 SBL bird Bucephala clangula Common Goldeneye BCA Bo W1 bird Buteo buteo Common Buzzard Bo bird Calidris alpina Dunlin BCA Bo SBL bird Calidris canutus Red Knot BCA Bo bird Carduelis cannabina Common Linnet BCR Be SBL bird Carduelis flammea Common Redpoll BCA Be bird Carduelis flavirostris Twite BCR Be bird Charadrius hiaticula Ringed Plover Bo bird Circus cyaneus Hen Harrier BCR Bo SBL bird Clangula hyemalis Long-tailed Duck BCA Bo W1 bird Columba oenas Stock Pigeon BCA BD bird Cuculus canorus Common Cuckoo BCA PS bird Cygnus cygnus Whooper Swan BCA Bo W1 bird Cygnus olor Mute Swan BCA Bo bird Delichon urbicum House Martin BCA Be bird Emberiza calandra Corn Bunting BCR SBL Sc5 bird Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer BCR PS bird Emberiza schoeniclus Reed Bunting BCR PS SBL bird Erithacus rubecula European Robin Be SBL SO1 bird Falco columbarius Merlin BCA Bo W1 SBL bird Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon BCA Bo W1 bird Falco tinnunculus Common Kestrel BCA Bo SBL Sc5 bird Fringilla montifringilla Brambling W1 SBL Sc4 bird Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar BCA bird Gallinago gallinago Common Snipe BCA Bo bird Gavia stellata Red-throated Diver BCA Bo SBL bird Haematopus ostralegus Eurasian Oystercatcher BCA BD bird Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow BCA Be bird Larus argentatus Herring Gull BCA BD SBL Sc5 bird Larus canus Mew Gull BCA BD bird Larus fuscus Lesser Black-backed Gull BCA BD bird Larus ridibundus Black-headed Gull BCA BD SBL Sc5 bird Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed Godwit BCA Bo SBL bird Locustella naevia Common Grasshopper Warbler BCR PS bird Lymnocryptes minimus Jack Snipe Bo bird Mergus merganser Goosander Bo bird Mergus serrator Red-breasted Merganser Bo bird Morus bassanus Northern Gannet BCA bird Motacilla cinerea Grey Wagtail BCA Be bird Muscicapa striata Spotted Flycatcher BCR Bo PS SBL bird Numenius arquata Eurasian Curlew BCA Bo PS SBL Sc5 bird Passer domesticus House Sparrow BCR PS bird Passer montanus Eurasian Tree Sparrow BCR PS SBL Sc5 bird Perdix perdix Grey Partridge BCR PS bird Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant BCA bird Phoenicurus phoenicurus Common Redstart BCA Be bird Phylloscopus sibilatrix Wood Warbler BCA PS SBL Sc5 bird Phylloscopus trochilus Willow Warbler BCA bird Picus viridis Green Woodpecker BCA Be bird Plectrophenax nivalis Snow Bunting BCA W1 SBL bird Pluvialis apricaria European Golden Plover Bo SBL bird Podiceps auritus Slavonian Grebe BCA Bo W1 SBL Sc5 bird Podiceps grisegena Red-necked Grebe BCA SBL Sc4 bird Podiceps nigricollis Black-necked Grebe BCA W1 SBL Sc4 bird Prunella modularis Hedge Accentor BCA Be bird Pyrrhula pyrrhula Common Bullfinch BCR SBL bird Rallus aquaticus Water Rail BCA BD bird Regulus regulus Goldcrest BCA Be bird Riparia riparia Sand Martin BCA Be bird Rissa tridactyla Black-legged Kittiwake BCA bird Saxicola torquata Stonechat BCA Be bird Scolopax rusticola Eurasian Woodcock BCA Bo SBL Sc5 bird Somateria mollissima Common Eider BCA Bo bird Stercorarius skua Great Skua BCA bird Sterna hirundo Common Tern Be SBL bird Sterna paradisaea Arctic Tern BCA Bo SBL bird Sterna sandvicensis Sandwich Tern BCA Be SBL Sc5 bird Sturnus vulgaris Common Starling BCR BD bird Tadorna tadorna Common Shelduck Bo bird Tringa totanus Common Redshank BCA Bo bird Turdus iliacus Redwing BCA W1 SBL Sc5 bird Turdus philomelos Song Thrush BCR BD SBL bird Turdus pilaris Fieldfare BCA W1 bird Turdus torquatus Ring Ouzel BCR PS SBL Sc5 bird Turdus viscivorus Mistle Thrush BCA BD bird Tyto alba Barn Owl BCA W1 bird Vanellus vanellus Northern Lapwing BCA Bo PS SBL Sc5 reptile Vipera berus Adder PS W5 reptile Zootoca vivipara Common Lizard PS W5 amphibian Bufo bufo Common Toad PS W5 amphibian Lissotriton helveticus Palmate Newt W5 amphibian Lissotriton vulgaris Smooth Newt W5 amphibian Rana temporaria Common Frog HSD W5 amphibian Triturus cristatus Great Crested Newt HSD PS W5 SBL bony fish (Actinopterygii) Anguilla anguilla European Eel PS SBL insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Acalles ptinoides weevil NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Agabus (Gaurodytes) unguicularis water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Barynotus squamosus weevil NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Barypeithes (Barypeithes) sulcifrons weevil NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Bembidion (Ocydromus) monticola ground beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Cantharis obscura soldier beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Cercyon (Cercyon) melanocephalus water beetle SBL insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Cercyon (Cercyon) tristis water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Ceutorhynchus atomus weevil NA insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Cis lineatocribratus deadwood beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Cryptolestes spartii deadwood beetle NA insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Cryptopleurum minutum dung beetle SBL insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Cyphon pubescens water beetle NB SBL insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Donacia thalassina reed beetle NB SBL Sc4 insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Enicocerus exsculptus water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Enochrus affinis scavenger water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Enochrus ochropterus scavenger water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Euheptaulacus sus dung beetle EN insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Gyrinus minutus whirligig beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Hallomenus binotatus deadwood beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Helochares punctatus scavenger water beetle NB SBL Sc4 insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Hydrochus angustatus water beetle NB SBL Sc4 insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Hydrochus brevis water beetle NR SBL Sc4 insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Hydroporus ferrugineus water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Hydroporus longicornis water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Hydroporus longulus water beetle NB SBL Sc4 insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Ilybius aenescens water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Lamprinodes saginatus rove beetle NA insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Leiodes rugosa fungus beetle NN insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Longitarsus brunneus leaf beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Longitarsus ganglbaueri leaf beetle NA insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Mantura obtusata flea beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Megasternum concinnum water beetle SBL insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Melanapion minimum weevil NB NR PS insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Mycetoporus piceolus fungus beetle NN insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Ochthebius (Ochthebius) marinus water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Oreodytes davisii water beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Orthochaetes setiger weevil NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Otiorhynchus (Tournieria) desertus weevil NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Phyllodrepa puberula rove beetle NA insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Polydrusus (Chrysophis) formosus weevil NA insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Psylliodes hyoscyami Henbane flea beetle EN insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Ptinella denticollis featherwing beetle NN insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Ptinus subpilosus spider beetle NB insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Rhagonycha elongata soldier beetle NA insect - beetle (Coleoptera) Stenus (Hemistenus) fuscicornis rove beetle NB insect - butterfly Aricia artaxerxes Northern Brown Argus PS SBL SO1 insect - butterfly Boloria selene Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary PS L insect - butterfly Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath PS insect - butterfly Hipparchia semele Grayling PS L insect - hymenopteran Ancistrocerus parietum potter wasp SBL Sc4 insect - hymenopteran Andrena (Poliandrena) tarsata mining bee PS insect - hymenopteran Bombus (Pyrobombus) monticola Mountain Bumblebee SBL Sc5 insect - hymenopteran Colletes (Colletes) daviesanus
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  • Hoverflies Family: Syrphidae

    Hoverflies Family: Syrphidae

    Birmingham & Black Country SPECIES ATLAS SERIES Hoverflies Family: Syrphidae Andy Slater Produced by EcoRecord Introduction Hoverflies are members of the Syrphidae family in the very large insect order Diptera ('true flies'). There are around 283 species of hoverfly found in the British Isles, and 176 of these have been recorded in Birmingham and the Black Country. This atlas contains tetrad maps of all of the species recorded in our area based on records held on the EcoRecord database. The records cover the period up to the end of 2019. Myathropa florea Cover image: Chrysotoxum festivum All illustrations and photos by Andy Slater All maps contain Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown Copyright and database right 2020 Hoverflies Hoverflies are amongst the most colourful and charismatic insects that you might spot in your garden. They truly can be considered the gardener’s fiend as not only are they important pollinators but the larva of many species also help to control aphids! Great places to spot hoverflies are in flowery meadows on flowers such as knapweed, buttercup, hogweed or yarrow or in gardens on plants such as Canadian goldenrod, hebe or buddleia. Quite a few species are instantly recognisable while the appearance of some other species might make you doubt that it is even a hoverfly… Mimicry Many hoverfly species are excellent mimics of bees and wasps, imitating not only their colouring, but also often their shape and behaviour. Sometimes they do this to fool the bees and wasps so they can enter their nests to lay their eggs. Most species however are probably trying to fool potential predators into thinking that they are a hazardous species with a sting or foul taste, even though they are in fact harmless and perfectly edible.
  • Ecological Consequences Artificial Night Lighting

    Ecological Consequences Artificial Night Lighting

    Rich Longcore ECOLOGY Advance praise for Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting E c Ecological Consequences “As a kid, I spent many a night under streetlamps looking for toads and bugs, or o l simply watching the bats. The two dozen experts who wrote this text still do. This o of isis aa definitive,definitive, readable,readable, comprehensivecomprehensive reviewreview ofof howhow artificialartificial nightnight lightinglighting affectsaffects g animals and plants. The reader learns about possible and definite effects of i animals and plants. The reader learns about possible and definite effects of c Artificial Night Lighting photopollution, illustrated with important examples of how to mitigate these effects a on species ranging from sea turtles to moths. Each section is introduced by a l delightful vignette that sends you rushing back to your own nighttime adventures, C be they chasing fireflies or grabbing frogs.” o n —JOHN M. MARZLUFF,, DenmanDenman ProfessorProfessor ofof SustainableSustainable ResourceResource Sciences,Sciences, s College of Forest Resources, University of Washington e q “This book is that rare phenomenon, one that provides us with a unique, relevant, and u seminal contribution to our knowledge, examining the physiological, behavioral, e n reproductive, community,community, and other ecological effectseffects of light pollution. It will c enhance our ability to mitigate this ominous envirenvironmentalonmental alteration thrthroughough mormoree e conscious and effective design of the built environment.”
  • Diptera, Sy Ae)

    Diptera, Sy Ae)

    Ce nt re fo r Eco logy & Hydrology N AT U RA L ENVIRO N M EN T RESEA RC H CO U N C IL Provisional atlas of British hover les (Diptera, Sy ae) _ Stuart G Ball & Roger K A Morris _ J O I N T NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE NERC Co pyright 2000 Printed in 2000 by CRL Digital Limited ISBN I 870393 54 6 The Centre for Eco logy an d Hydrolo gy (CEI-0 is one of the Centres an d Surveys of the Natu ral Environme nt Research Council (NERC). Established in 1994, CEH is a multi-disciplinary , environmental research organisation w ith som e 600 staff an d w ell-equipp ed labo ratories and field facilities at n ine sites throughout the United Kingdom . Up u ntil Ap ril 2000, CEM co m prise d of fou r comp o nent NERC Institutes - the Institute of Hydrology (IH), the Institute of Freshw ater Eco logy (WE), the Institute of Terrestrial Eco logy (ITE), and the Institute of Virology an d Environmental Micro b iology (IVEM). From the beginning of Ap dl 2000, CEH has operated as a single institute, and the ind ividual Institute nam es have ceased to be used . CEH's mission is to "advance th e science of ecology, env ironme ntal microbiology and hyd rology th rough h igh q uality and inte rnat ionall) recognised research lead ing to better understanding and quantifia ttion of the p hysical, chem ical and b iolo gical p rocesses relating to land an d freshwater an d living organisms within the se environments".
  • Scottish Macro-Moth List, 2015

    Scottish Macro-Moth List, 2015

    Notes on the Scottish Macro-moth List, 2015 This list aims to include every species of macro-moth reliably recorded in Scotland, with an assessment of its Scottish status, as guidance for observers contributing to the National Moth Recording Scheme (NMRS). It updates and amends the previous lists of 2009, 2011, 2012 & 2014. The requirement for inclusion on this checklist is a minimum of one record that is beyond reasonable doubt. Plausible but unproven species are relegated to an appendix, awaiting confirmation or further records. Unlikely species and known errors are omitted altogether, even if published records exist. Note that inclusion in the Scottish Invertebrate Records Index (SIRI) does not imply credibility. At one time or another, virtually every macro-moth on the British list has been reported from Scotland. Many of these claims are almost certainly misidentifications or other errors, including name confusion. However, because the County Moth Recorder (CMR) has the final say, dubious Scottish records for some unlikely species appear in the NMRS dataset. A modern complication involves the unwitting transportation of moths inside the traps of visiting lepidopterists. Then on the first night of their stay they record a species never seen before or afterwards by the local observers. Various such instances are known or suspected, including three for my own vice-county of Banffshire. Surprising species found in visitors’ traps the first time they are used here should always be regarded with caution. Clerical slips – the wrong scientific name scribbled in a notebook – have long caused confusion. An even greater modern problem involves errors when computerising the data.