Contents

CONTRIBUTORS xi

CANADIAN CALENDAR xiii

QUEBEC 70

QUEBEC 70: A Documentary Narrative, by John Saywell 3

Preface 3

Separatism or Federalism, April 29 5 Amis de , 5; Towards April 29, 9; The Verdict, 22

The Cross Abduction, October 5-10 28 Towards October, 28; The FLQ Demands, 34; The Gov- ernment Replies, 39; The FLQ Manifesto, 46

A Second Hostage - , October 10-14 55 A New Sense of Urgency, 58; Negotiations, 64; "Well, ," 71

"It's war - total war," October 14-16 76 The Army Summoned, 79; The , 84; The Government Explains, 90; The Public Reacts, 93

"This cruel and senseless act," October 17-20 100

The Montreal Election, October 21 -26 111

The Last Act, October 27-December 28 121 The Suspects, 122; Back to the Hill, 125; Cross Re- covered, 128

Questions and Consequences 136 vi / CONTENTS

PARLIAMENT AND POLITICS

PARLIAMENT AND POLITICS, by Paul Stevens and John Saywell 155

Parliament 155 "The polluter must pay," 155; The Budget, 157; Towards an Adjournment, 160; The Speech from the Throne, 163; The Aftermath of the Crisis, 168

Politics 171 The Conservatives, 172; The Liberals, 175

Federal-Provincial Relations 183 The February Conference, 184; Back to the BNA, 187; Atlantica and Manalsask, 195; B and B, 197

THE PROVINCES 199

Ontario, by Peter Oliver 199 The Session, 199; Finances, 200; Taxes and Tax Reform, 202; The Pollution Question, 205; The Department of Labour, 207; Municipal and Regional Affairs, 209; Health and Welfare Services, 211; Problems and Policies, 213; Parties and Politics, 216

Quebec, par Jean-Charles Bonenjant 220 Premiere session, 221; Choix de M. Bourassa, 221; Choix de M. Samson, 222; Les elections, 222; Le gouvernement Bourassa, 223; Deuxieme session, 224; Reprise de la session, 228; Debat sur la crise, 230; Les relations exte- rieures du Quebec, 233

Nova Scotia, by Duncan Fraser 235 The Legislature, 240; General Election, 241

New Brunswick, by Richard Wilbur 244 The Session, 245; The Economic and Labour Scene, 248; Social Unrest and Reassessment, 251; The Election: The End of the Robichaud Decade, 253 CONTENTS/vii Manitoba, by Tom Peterson 254 Centennial Fun, 254; Legislative Passions, 256; Economic Troubles, 261

British Columbia, by Neil A. Swainson 263 The Session, 264; The Parties, 270; The Economy, 271; Labour-Management Relations, 272; Other Matters, 274

Prince Edward Island, by Frank MacKinnon 275 Politics and the Economy, 275

Saskatchewan, by Norman Ward 281 The Legislature, 282; Strikes and Parties, 285; Other Matters, 288

Alberta, by Marian McKenna 290 The Session, 291; The Economy, 295; Politics, 297

Newfoundland and Labrador, by Leslie Harris 299 Politics, 299; The Economy, 300; Education, 302

The Yukon and Northwest Territories, by Jim Lotz 303 A Fast Arriving Future, 303; Protecting the Northern En- vironment, 305; Constitutional Developments, 307; The End of the Romantic North? 308

EXTERNAL AFFAIRS AND DEFENCE

EXTERNAL AFFAIRS AND DEFENCE, by J. L. Granatstein 313

The White Paper on Foreign Policy 313

Europe 317 NATO, 318; Relations with France, 319; La Francophonie, 322

The Pacific 324 Viet Nam, Cambodia, and the ice, 324; Trudeau in the Pacific, 326; China - "Hen Hao," 329; China and the UN, 332 viii/ CONTENTS Foreign Aid 332 The International Development Research Centre, 334

Latin America 335

The United Nations 338 South Africa, 339; UN Peacekeeping, 342; The United Nations' 25th Anniversary, 344

The North American Continent 346 Continentalism versus the New Nationalism, 346; Arctic Sovereignty, 349; Manhattan, 353; Fishing Zones and Pollution, 354

The Commonwealth 355 The Caribbean, 355;Biafra, 357

The Armed Forces 359 A New Minister, 361; Defence in the North, 362; No Germ Warfare? 363; Summer Employment Scheme, 364; The Army and the FLQ, 364; ABM and AWACS, 367; Equip- ment Embarrassments, 367; New Aircraft Acquisitions, 370

THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

THE NATIONAL ECONOMY, by Donald Forster 373

Inflation and Recession 375 Consumer Expenditures, 375; Government Expenditures and Inventories, 376; Investment and Housing, 377; Ex- ports and Imports, 381; Income, 384; Production, 385; Prices, 386

Population and Immigration 387 Population, 387; Immigration, 387

Employment, Manpower, and Regional Development 389 The Labour Force and Employment, 390; Manpower Policy and Regional Development, 392 CONTENTS / ix

Monetary and Fiscal Policy 393 Objectives, Priorities, and Potential, 393; The War on Inflation/Recession, 394; Tax Reform, 412; Foreign Ownership, 416

Trade Policy 418 Trade Agreements, 418; Tariffs and Trade, 421; Wheat Policy, 424

Transportation 426 Railway Operations, 426; Water Transportation, 428; Air Transportation, 429

Business and industry 431 Combines Policy, 431; Financial Institutions and Stock Markets, 432; The Automobile Industry, 436; Energy Resources, 437; Company Notes, 441

LIFE AND LEISURE

EDUCATION, by Ralph Mitchener 449 The National Scene, 449; The Federal Government and Education, 451; The Provinces, 452

HEALTH, by F. Bums Roth 458 Group Practice, 459; Regional Organization, 459; The Quebec Medicare Crisis, 460

WELFARE, by Donald Bellamy 464 Social Security Proposals, 464; Croll Committee on Pov- erty, 468; Children and Youth, 469; Provincial Policies and Programmes, 471; Other Events, 474

SCIENCE, by Joan Powers Rickerd 476 Science Policy and Pollution Control, 476; Provincial Research Councils, 479; Industrial Research, 481; Uni- versity Research, 483; Medical Research, 486; Inter- national, 489 x / CONTENTS RELIGION, by Ken Windsor 491 Organization and Discipline, 492; Unity, 497; Education, 500

MASS MEDIA, by Earle Beattie 508 Crisis in Quebec, 508; The Senate Mass Media Commit- tee, 514; CRTC Activities, 522; The Networks, 524; Film- Making, 526; Information Canada, 528; Honours and Awards, 529

DRAMA: ENGLISH CANADA, by Eric S. Rump 530 Professional Theatre, 530; Summer Festivals, 535; Ama- teur Theatre, 536; New Writing, 536

LE THEATRE DE LANGUE FRANCAIS, par Jacques Vigneault 538 Le Theatre du Nouveau Monde, 538; Le Rideau-Vert, 541; La Nouvelle Compagnie Theatrale, 543; La Co- medie-Canadienne, 545; Le Theatre de Quat'Sous, 546; Centre du Theatre d'aujourd'hui et le Theatre du meme nom, 548; Le theatre d'ete, 549; Festival de FACTA, 550; Publications theatrales, 550; La comedie francaise, 551

MUSIC, by Helmut Kallmann 552 Canadian Content and Canadian Studies, 552; Discus- sion, 554; Composition, 554; Promotion of Canadian Music, 556; Orchestras, 557; Choirs, 558; Opera, 559; Festivals, 559; Ballet, 560; Artists, 561; Canadians Abroad, 561; Education, 562; Recording and Publishing, 562; Writing, 564

ART, by Barry Lord 565 Exhibitions, 566

SPORT, by Susan M. Merry 574 The Year's Highlights, 574; Minor Sport, 581

OBITUARIES 583

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 589

INDEX 591