Data Makes the Difference
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Developing a Better Breeding Program
Pedigree Analysis and How Breeding Decisions Affect Genes Jerold S Bell DVM, Clinical Associate Professor of Genetics, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine To some breeders, determining which traits will appear in may be phenotypically uniform, but will rarely breed true due the offspring of a mating is like rolling the dice - a to the mix of dissimilar genes. combination of luck and chance. For others, producing certain traits involves more skill than luck - the result of One reason to outbreed would be to bring in new traits that careful study and planning. As breeders, you must your breeding stock does not possess. While the parents may understand how matings manipulate genes within your be genetically dissimilar, you should choose a mate that breeding stock to produce the kinds of offspring you desire. corrects your breeding animal's faults but complements its good traits. It is not unusual to produce an excellent quality When evaluating your breeding program, remember that individual from an outbred litter. The abundance of genetic most traits you're seeking cannot be changed, fixed or variability can place all the right pieces in one individual. created in a single generation. The more information you Many top-winning show animals are outbred. Consequently, can obtain on how certain traits have been transmitted by however, they may have low inbreeding coefficients and may your animal's ancestors, the better you can prioritize your lack the ability to uniformly pass on their good traits to their breeding goals. Tens of thousands of genes interact to offspring. After an outbreeding, breeders may want to breed produce a single individual. -
Getting Her Bred Continued from Page 67
Advice for ensuring your females breed with ease. by Christy Couch Lee h, if only there was a magic wand to ensure Oa female — whether a first-calf heifer or a mature cow — would breed on the first try, every time. Alas, there is not. “Successful breeding is a combination of things done way ahead of breeding season, and things done at the moment of inseminating a female,” says Max Stotz, GKB Cattle, Waxahachie, Texas. “But there is no magic key. It’s simply a combination of many things that I’ve found over the years to be helpful in accomplishing the goal.” Through trial and error and decades in the business, Stotz; Marty Lueck, Journagan Ranch/ Missouri State University (MSU), Springfield, Mo.; and Kyle Gillooly, CES Polled Herefords, Wadley, Ga., say they’ve discovered what works for their operations and for their regions of the country. Stotz has been involved in the Hereford industry since childhood. After graduating from The Ohio State University, he began working for Ace Cattle Co., which became Star Lake Cattle Ranch. Last year, he began managing the cow herd at GKB. For 32 years, Lueck has overseen Journagan’s 3,300 acres and 480 purebred and 150 commercial cows Getting with four employees. Each year, the operation hosts an annual sale and markets up to 100 bulls through the sale and private treaty. Gillooly was raised in the Hereford and Angus business in Indiana. He met his wife, Jennifer, while showing Herefords, and when they were married in 2006, he began managing her grandfather’s Her Bred cattle operation. -
Type and Breed Characteristics and Uses
E-190 3/09 Texas Adapted Genetic Strategies for Beef Cattle V: Type and Breed Characteristics and Uses A 1700s painting of the foundation cow of one of the first cattle breeds. Courtesy of Michigan State University Animal Science Department. Stephen P. Hammack* he subject of breeds intrigues most beef cattle sphere. The Bos taurus in the United States originated in producers. However, breeds are only part of a ge- the British Isles and western continental Europe. The Bos netic strategy that should include: indicus arose in south central Asia. T• Matching applicable performance or functional There are some intermediates containing both Bos levels to environmental, management, and taurus and Bos indicus. Some intermediates created in the marketing conditions United States, particularly in Texas, are commonly re- • Choosing a breeding system, either continuous ferred to as American breeds, which will be discussed later. (in which replacement females are produced Although it has no strict definition, a breed can be within the herd) or terminal (in which replace- described as animals of common origin with certain dis- ments are introduced externally) tinguishing characteristics that are passed from parent • Selecting genetic types, breeds within types, and individuals within breeds that are compat- *Professor and Extension Beef Cattle Specialist–Emeritus, The Texas A&M System ible with the performance level needed and breeding system chosen. Genetic classifications and breeds Cattle can be divided into two basic classifications, Bos taurus (non-humped) and Bos indicus (humped, also called Zebu). Cattle are not native to the western hemi- to offspring. Breed characteristics result from To characterize milking potential accurately, both natural selection and from that imposed it should be evaluated relative to body size. -
Purebred Livestock Registry Associations
Purebred livestock registry associations W. Dennis Lamm1 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION SERVICE no. 1.217 Beef Devon. Devon Cattle Assn., Inc., P.O. Box 628, Uvalde, TX 78801. Mrs. Cammille Hoyt, Sec. Phone: American. American Breed Assn., Inc., 306 512-278-2201. South Ave. A, Portales, NM 88130. Mrs. Jewell Dexter. American Dexter Cattle Assn., P.O. Jones, Sec. Phone: 505-356-8019. Box 56, Decorah, IA 52l01. Mrs. Daisy Moore, Amerifax. Amerifax Cattle Assn., Box 149, Exec. Sec. Phone: 319-736-5772, Hastings, NE 68901. John Quirk, Pres. Phone Friesian. Beef Friesian Society, 213 Livestock 402-463-5289. Exchange Bldg., Denver, CO 80216. Maurice W. Angus. American Angus Assn., 3201 Freder- Boney, Adm. Dir. Phone: 303-587-2252. ick Blvd., St. Joseph, MO 64501. Richard Spader, Galloway. American Galloway Breeders Assn., Exec. Vice. Pres. Phone: 816-233-3101. 302 Livestock Exchange Bldg., Denver, CO 80216. Ankina. Ankina Breeders, Inc., 5803 Oaks Rd,. Cecil Harmon, Pres. Phone: 303-534-0853. Clayton, OH 45315. James K. Davis, Ph.D., Pres. Galloway. Galloway Cattle Society of Amer- Phone: 513-837-4128. ica, RFD 1, Springville, IA 52336. Phone: 319- Barzona. Barzona Breeders Assn. of America, 854-7062. P.O. Box 631, Prescott, AZ 86320. Karen Halford, Gelbvieh. American Gelbvieh Assn., 5001 Na- Sec. Phone: 602-445-2290. tional Western Dr., Denver, CO 80218. Daryl W. Beefalo. American Beefalo Breeders, 1661 E. Loeppke, Exec. Dir. Phone: 303-296-9257. Brown Rd., Mayville 22, MI 48744. Phone: 517-843- Hays Convertor. Canadian Hays Convertor 6811. Assn., 6707 Elbow Dr. SW, Suite 509, Calgary, Beefmaster. -
Výroční Zpráva
2017 VÝROČNÍ ZPRÁVA Zoologická a botanická zahrada města Plzně / VÝROČNÍ ZPRÁVA 2017 Zoologická a botanická zahrada města Plzně Zoological and Botanical Garden Pilsen/ Annual Report 2017 Provozovatel ZOOLOGICKÁ A BOTANICKÁ ZAHRADA MĚSTA PLZNĚ, příspěvková organizace ZOOLOGICKÁ A BOTANICKÁ ZAHRADA MĚSTA PLZNĚ POD VINICEMI 9, 301 00 PLZEŇ, CZECH REPUBLIC tel.: 00420/378 038 325, fax: 00420/378 038 302 e-mail: [email protected], www.zooplzen.cz Vedení zoo Management Ředitel Ing. Jiří Trávníček Director Ekonom Jiřina Zábranská Economist Provozní náměstek Ing. Radek Martinec Assistent director Vedoucí zoo. oddělení Bc. Tomáš Jirásek Head zoologist Zootechnik Svatopluk Jeřáb Zootechnicist Zoolog Ing. Lenka Václavová Curator of monkeys, carnivores Jan Konáš Curator of reptiles Miroslava Palacká Curator of ungulates Botanický náměstek, zoolog Ing. Tomáš Peš Head botanist, curator of birds, small mammals Botanik Mgr. Václava Pešková Botanist Propagace, PR Mgr. Martin Vobruba Education and PR Sekretariát Alena Voráčková Secretary Privátní veterinář MVDr. Jan Pokorný Veterinary Celkový počet zaměstnanců Total Employees (k 31. 12. 2017) 130 Zřizovatel Plzeň, statutární město, náměstí Republiky 1, Plzeň IČO: 075 370 tel.: 00420/378 031 111 Fotografie: Kateřina Misíková, Jiří Trávníček, Tomáš Peš, Miroslav Volf, Martin Vobruba, Jiřina Pešová, archiv Zoo a BZ, DinoPark, Oživená prehistorie a autoři článků Redakce výroční zprávy: Jiří Trávníček, Martin Vobruba, Tomáš Peš, Alena Voráčková, Kateřina Misíková, Pavel Toman, David Nováček a autoři příspěvků 1 výroční -
Horse Management by R
1 1II1II 1iI I .811_l1li 1 • 11111"JmIlIIllll,!1I1IIII1ii.1IIII'lIIIii!i'lmilllD!ii_ ii111Di!iillll1i!iillllil'IIFi'lIIIiii _1IIIlIIIlII lIl1111millllllil-IIII.llIIIllIIIi••j'IiIi·••liillll.IIf1'•••••ail!D(). December. 1918 Extension Bulletin Series I. No. 150-A Colorado Agricultural College EXTENSION SERVICE Fort Collina. Colorado H. T. FRENCH. Direc!or 1IIm!!ii lii1UtlamlIllDlIIIIHlIIIliiillllllii!i IIIIIIIII_lIIIlIIIlIIIIlIIIlIIIIlIIIlIIIIlIII__IlII_mIIl111l111l111111111ll1111l11 HORSE MANAGEMENT BY R. W. CLARK I I Belgian stallion owned by .1. D. Brunton, Aspen, Colorado. First and grand champion at thc Internatlona.l ot 1917 and National We"tern ot 1918. Purchase price $25.000. • iIi "W lIIIlIIIlIIIlIII_lIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIlIlIImlllIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIlIIIlIIIlIIIlIIIllllmllmlllIII'lIIIlIIIlIIIllIIII!iiiIllll!ii!' CO.OPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE IN AGRICULTURE AND HOME ECONOMICS-COLORADO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE AND U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CO.QPERATING •• _"i!ii iii'Fi!!iiiiili i!i!ii".lIIIIIIIlIIIlIIIlIIIlIIIUII_lIIIlIIIlIIIlIIlIIIlIII_lIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIlIIIlIIIlIIIlIIIlilll HORSE MANAGEMENT By R. W. CLARK l~he coming of the automobile, tractor and truck has changed the outlook of. the horse market. \\That the ultimate effect will be, no one can predict. 1~he question has not simmered do\vn only to the cost of gasoline as against the cost of horse feed, but can the horse be entirely eliminated? If not, then, to what extent? 1"'he auto has greatly reduced the number of driving horses. \ViII the tractor and truck do likewIse to draft horses? Tractors. doing all kinds of work, are common in Colorado. Many a farmer is running a tractor while his horses are idle in the pasture. They are used some, at times, but he does not require so nlany as forlnerly, and he is reducing the number. -
Guidelines for Uniform Beef Improvement Programs
Guidelines For Uniform Beef Improvement Programs Ninth Edition “To develop cooperation among all segments of the beef industry in the compilation and utilization of performance records to improve efficiency, profitability and sustainability of beef production.” First Edition 1970 Second Edition 1972 Third Edition 1976 Forth Edition 1981 Fifth Edition 1986 Sixth Edition 1990 Seventh Edition 1996 Eighth Edition 2002 Ninth Edition 2010 Guidelines is a publication of the Beef Improvement Federation, Joe Cassady, Executive Director, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7621, Raleigh, NC 27695 www.beefimprovement.org CONTRIBUTORS Editors Larry V. Cundiff, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, ARS, USDA, L. Dale Van Vleck, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, ARS, USDA and the University of Nebraska William D. Hohenboken, Virginia Tech Chapter 1, Introduction Ronnie Silcox, University of Georgia Chapter 2, Breeding Herd Evaluation Bill Bowman, American Angus Association Bruce Golden, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Lowell Gould, Denton, Texas Robert Hough, Red Angus Association of America Kenda Ponder, Red Angus Association of America Robert E. Williams, American International Charolais Association Lauren Hyde, North American Limousin Foundation Chapter 3, Animal Evaluation Denny Crews, Colorado State University Michael Dikeman, Kansas State University Sally L. Northcutt, American Angus Association Dorian Garrick, Iowa State University Twig T. Marston, University of Nebraska Michael MacNeil, Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Lab., ARS, USDA, Larry W. Olson, Clemson University Joe C. Paschal, Texas A&M University Gene Rouse, Iowa State University Bob Weaber, University of Missouri Tommy Wheeler, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Steven Shackelford, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Robert E. -
Selection and Development of Replacement Beef Heifers
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Archived Agriculture Publications Archived USU Extension Publications 9-1992 Selection and Development of Replacement Beef Heifers Norris J. Stenquist Utah State University Extension James A. Bennett Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_histag Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the Dairy Science Commons Warning: The information in this series may be obsolete. It is presented here for historical purposes only. For the most up to date information please visit The Utah State University Cooperative Extension Office Recommended Citation Stenquist, Norris J. and Bennett, James A., "Selection and Development of Replacement Beef Heifers" (1992). Archived Agriculture Publications. Paper 7. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_histag/7 This Factsheet is brought to you for free and open access by the Archived USU Extension Publications at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Archived Agriculture Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EC422 SELECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF REPLACEMENT by Norris J. Stenquist ElFEF ~IIFE~~ Extension Livestock Scientist tbi:*i@;,"w'"/"*:,m!.,,..,.......--... James A. Bennett Professor Emeritus ~ Utah State University e \!I Cooperative Extension Service INTRODUCTION attain satisfactory lifetime reproductive performance un der the nutrition and management resources and climatic Selection, development, management, and nutrition of situation available on a particular ranch. heifer calvesto beusedas herdreplacements are key factors Important replaceme'nt heifer traits are as follows: in maintaining beef herd productivity. A cow/calf pro 1. Proper adaptation ducer, to be successful, must have some goals or criterion 2. Early puberty for heifer selection and development. -
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SY-4-2 THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF MULTI-BREED COMPOSITES FOR COMMERCIAL BEEF PRODUCTION' El desarrollo y uso de compuestos de multi-casta para la produccion commercial de ganado vacuno de came Thomas J. MARLOWE* UNITED STATES INTRODUCTION Combining breeds for commercial beef production is not new to the beef industry in America. Perhaps the first composite developed in the U.S. was the American Brah man breed which was an amalgamation of several breeds of cattle from India. This was followed by the development of the Santa Gertrudis breed (5/8 Shorthorn and 3/8 Brah man) by the King Ranch in Southern Texas during the 1920’s and 1930’s. Santa Gertrudis was the first truly American breed of beef cattle. During the 40’s and 50’s several other composites were formed by combining either two (Brangus, Braford, Charbray) or three (Beefmaster-Brahman x Hereford x Shorthorn, Hays Converter-Brown Swiss, Hereford and Holstein) breeds. A little known four-breed composite was started in 1942 by F. N. Bard of Kirkland, Arizona, known as Barzona. Although crossbreeding of cattle for beef production has been practiced in the U.S. on a small scale for more than 50 years, it did not become widespread, except in the Gulf Coast area, until the 1970’s. When I came to Virginia in 1954, only 2.3% of the feeder calves sold through the organized state sales were crossbreds and they sold at a considerable disadvantage (10%). By 1970, crossbred calves had climbed to only 12%, whereas at present they account for 50% of all calves sold through the state graded sales. -
Back-To-Back Breeding
BACK TO BACK Quantity or Quality Faith Hyndman 215-345-6447 [email protected] www.buckstonelabs.com Back to Back - Quantity or Quality Twenty years ago, what was thought of as a distasteful and irresponsible act has now come into favor. Breeding back to back, the practice of breeding a bitch in two or three successive heat cycles, is considered to be healthier for the bitch’s uterus. It is said that hormones produced in a normal cycle cause damage to the uterine lining and that the condition and health of the uterus is directly related to the total number of seasons the bitch has had. We are told therefore, a bitch's uterus would be healthier on her next season than it would be on the season after that. These facts have been well documented and I don’t doubt their accuracy. I think, however, there are other factors to be considered before deciding to adopt this practice. Perhaps the uterus is fine with back to back breedings, but what is the stress level of the bitch during this time period to produce good milk, raise healthy puppies and regain her own healthy appearance? A bitch isn’t a puppy machine, but a treasured part of one’s breeding program. If you look at your bitch when her puppies are about twelve weeks old, you will see the stress she has gone through. She can be thin, losing sometimes all of her coat and be depressed and tired from a weakened immune system. Shouldn’t she have the traditional year to rest and recover from this assault on her body? Veterinarians who encourage this practice need to incorporate the rest of the story along with their medical opinions, not just the bitch’s uterus. -
Prameny & Studie
OBSAH SEKCE PŘÍRODOVĚDNÁ • Zubři 66 • Vzájemný vztah dendrometrických veličin dřevin a jejich využití v praxi • Diskurz o chovu starokladrubských koní v meziválečném období studie & SEKCE SPOLEČENSKOVĚDNÍ • Krajinář Franz Ferdinand Runk – malíř Jana I. Josefa knížete z Liechtensteina • Traktory Zetor s designem Zdeňka Zdařila prameny prameny RECENZE • Kamila Pecherová: Liverpoolský triumf Karla knížete Kinského prameny & studie66 www.nzm.cz ISSN 0862–8483 prameny & studie 66 NÁRODNÍ ZEMĚDĚLSKÉ MUZEUM, s. p. o. 2020 ISSN 0862-8483 Časopis vychází za podpory Ministerstva zemědělství, institucionální podpora MZE-RO0818. Časopis vychází dvakrát ročně Zařazeno do Seznamu recenzovaných neimpaktovaných periodik vydávaných v ČR Evidenční číslo: MK ČR E 18799 © Národní zemědělské muzeum, s. p. o., 2020 ISSN 0862-8483 5 OBSAH SEKCE PŘÍRODOVĚDNÁ Marie Voldřichová – Miroslav Čeněk Zubři Wisents . 9 Tomáš Pilař Vzájemný vztah dendrometrických veličin dřevin a jejich využití v praxi Mutual Relations of Dendrometric Properties of Trees and eir Use in Practice . 35 Eva Jurečková Diskurz o chovu starokladrubských koní v meziválečném období Discourse on the Breeding of Old Kladruber Horses During the Interwar Era . 51 SEKCE SPOLEČENSKOVĚDNÍ Daniel Lyčka Krajinář Franz Ferdinand Runk – malíř Jana I. Josefa knížete z Liechtensteina Franz Ferdinand Runk, Landscape Artist and Painter of Johann I Joseph, Prince of Liechtenstein . 71 Zdeno Kolesár Traktory Zetor s designem Zdeňka Zdařila Zetor Tractors Designed by Zdeněk Zdařil . 93 RECENZE Miloš Hořejš Kamila Pecherová: Liverpoolský triumf Karla knížete Kinského . 111 Pokyny pro autory . 115 Redakční rada . 125 Autoři textů . 127 5 SEKCE PŘÍRODOVĚDNÁ 9 PRAMENY A STUDIE / 66 934 ZUBŘI WISENTS Marie Voldřichová – Miroslav Čeněk Abstrakt: Článek se tematicky opírá o rozsáhlou výstavu „Zubři“, která proběhla ve vý- stavních sálech loveckého zámku Ohrada ve dnech 2. -
Divoký Kůň a Pratur Mají Naprosto Výjimečné Postavení Ve Formování Evropské Krajiny Posledních Tisíciletí I Pro Lidskou Kulturu a Historii
Divoký kůň (Equus ferus) a pratur (Bos primigenius): klíčové druhy pro formování české krajiny ODBORNÁ STUDIE Listopad 2014 Dostál et al. 2014: ____Divoký kůň (Equus ferus) a pratur (Bos primigenius):_klíčové druhy pro formování české krajiny Dalibor Dostál1, Martin Konvička2,3, Lukáš Čížek2,3, Martin Šálek3,4, Jan Robovský2, Eva Horčičková5, Miloslav Jirků2,3 1 Česká krajina o.p.s., Šultysova 170, 284 01 Kutná Hora; [email protected] 2 Biologické centrum Akademie věd České republiky, v.v.i., Branišovská 31a, 370 05 České Budějovice 3 Přírodovědecká fakulta, Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, Branišovská 31a, 370 05 České Budějovice 4 Ústav biologie obratlovců Akademie věd ČR, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno 5 Přírodovědecká fakulta, Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Benátská 2, 128 01 Praha 2 Vydala Česká krajina o.p.s. 2014 Abstract: Two specialized grazers extirpated by men, wild horse and aurochs, played an important role in shaping of the European landscape, as well as human civilization. Although these two species gave rise to the most important domestic animals, domestic horse and cattle, basic information on their appearance, ecology, evolutionary history and domestication remained unknown until recently. However, the advancement of ancient DNA genetic analyses from subfossil biological material, together with new archeological and paleontological evidence allowed researchers to reveal previously undetectable traits, such as the original coat colour of wild horses (bay to black). Importantly, the presence of wild horses from Iberia to Alaska has been confirmed, together with habitat preferences of aurochs prior to the advent of human civilization, which pushed them to suboptimal habitats in deep forests which became (as in European bison) their last refuge.