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Glossary Terms
Glossary Terms € 1584 5W6 5501 a 7181, 12203 5’UTR 8126 a-g Transformation 6938 6Q1 5500 r 7181 6W1 5501 b 7181 a 12202 b-b Transformation 6938 A 12202 d 7181 AAV 10815 Z 1584 Abandoned mines 6646 c 5499 Abiotic factor 148 f 5499 Abiotic 10139, 11375 f,b 5499 Abiotic stress 1, 10732 f,i, 5499 Ablation 2761 m 5499 ABR 1145 th 5499 Abscisic acid 9145 th,Carnot 5499 Absolute humidity 893 th,Otto 5499 Absorbed dose 3022, 4905, 8387, 8448, 8559, 11026 v 5499 Absorber 2349 Ф 12203 Absorber tube 9562 g 5499 Absorption, a(l) 8952 gb 5499 Absorption coefficient 309 abs lmax 5174 Absorption 309, 4774, 10139, 12293 em lmax 5174 Absorptivity or absorptance (a) 9449 μ1, First molecular weight moment 4617 Abstract community 3278 o 12203 Abuse 6098 ’ 5500 AC motor 11523 F 5174 AC 9432 Fem 5174 ACC 6449, 6951 r 12203 Acceleration method 9851 ra,i 5500 Acceptable limit 3515 s 12203 Access time 1854 t 5500 Accessible ecosystem 10796 y 12203 Accident 3515 1Q2 5500 Acclimation 3253, 7229 1W2 5501 Acclimatization 10732 2W3 5501 Accretion 2761 3 Phase boundary 8328 Accumulation 2761 3D Pose estimation 10590 Acetosyringone 2583 3Dpol 8126 Acid deposition 167 3W4 5501 Acid drainage 6665 3’UTR 8126 Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) 167 4W5 5501 Acid (rock or mine) drainage 6646 12316 Glossary Terms Acidity constant 11912 Adverse effect 3620 Acidophile 6646 Adverse health effect 206 Acoustic power level (LW) 12275 AEM 372 ACPE 8123 AER 1426, 8112 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 4997, Aerobic 10139 11129 Aerodynamic diameter 167, 206 ACS 4957 Aerodynamic -
Plasma Physics 1 APPH E6101x Columbia University Fall, 2015
Lecture22: Atmospheric Plasma Plasma Physics 1 APPH E6101x Columbia University Fall, 2015 1 http://www.plasmatreat.com/company/about-us.html 2 http://www.tantec.com 3 http://www.tantec.com/atmospheric-plasma-improved-features.html 4 5 6 PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 22, 121901 (2015) Preface to Special Topic: Plasmas for Medical Applications Michael Keidar1,a) and Eric Robert2 1Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Neurological Surgery, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA 2GREMI, CNRS/Universite d’Orleans, 45067 Orleans Cedex 2, France (Received 30 June 2015; accepted 2 July 2015; published online 28 October 2015) Intense research effort over last few decades in low-temperature (or cold) atmospheric plasma application in bioengineering led to the foundation of a new scientific field, plasma medicine. Cold atmospheric plasmas (CAP) produce various chemically reactive species including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). It has been found that these reactive species play an important role in the interaction of CAP with prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells triggering various signaling pathways in cells. VC 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4933406] There is convincing evidence that cold atmospheric topic section, there are several papers dedicated to plasma plasmas (CAP) interaction with tissue allows targeted cell re- diagnostics. moval without necrosis, i.e., cell disruption. In fact, it was Shashurin and Keidar presented a mini review of diag- determined that CAP affects cells via a programmable pro- nostic approaches for the low-frequency atmospheric plasma cess called apoptosis.1–3 Apoptosis is a multi-step process jets. -
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Nanotechnology Education - Engineering a better future NNCI.net Teacher’s Guide To See or Not to See? Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Surfaces Grade Level: Middle & high Summary: This activity can be school completed as a separate one or in conjunction with the lesson Subject area(s): Physical Superhydrophobicexpialidocious: science & Chemistry Learning about hydrophobic surfaces found at: Time required: (2) 50 https://www.nnci.net/node/5895. minutes classes The activity is a visual demonstration of the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Using a polystyrene Learning objectives: surface (petri dish) and a modified Tesla coil, you can chemically Through observation and alter the non-masked surface to become hydrophilic. Students experimentation, students will learn that we can chemically change the surface of a will understand how the material on the nano level from a hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface of a material can surface. The activity helps students learn that how a material be chemically altered. behaves on the macroscale is affected by its structure on the nanoscale. The activity is adapted from Kim et. al’s 2012 article in the Journal of Chemical Education (see references). Background Information: Teacher Background: Commercial products have frequently taken their inspiration from nature. For example, Velcro® resulted from a Swiss engineer, George Mestral, walking in the woods and wondering why burdock seeds stuck to his dog and his coat. Other bio-inspired products include adhesives, waterproof materials, and solar cells among many others. Scientists often look at nature to get ideas and designs for products that can help us. We call this study of nature biomimetics (see Resource section for further information). -
Terminology for Electrostatic Precipitators
PUBLICATION ICAC-EP-1 NOVEMBER 2000 _____________________________________________________ TERMINOLOGY FOR ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS TERMINOLOGY FOR ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS Publication ICAC-EP-1 Date Adopted: November 2000 ICAC The Institute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC), the nonprofit national association of companies that supply stationary source air pollution monitoring and control systems, equipment, and services, was formed in 1960 to promote the industry and encourage improvement of engineering and technical standards. The Institute's mission is to assure a strong and workable air quality policy that promotes public health, environmental quality, and industrial progress. As the representative of the air pollution control industry, the Institute seeks to evaluate and respond to regulatory initiatives and establish technical standards to the benefit of all. ICAC Copyright © ICAC, Inc., 2000. All rights reserved. 1660 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20036-5603 Telephone: 202.457.0911 Facsimile: 202.331.1388 Website: www.icac.com Summary: This document provides definitions of key common terms related to electrostatic precipitators and their operation in the U.S. marketplace, and includes illustrations of common precipitators. The terminology is arranged by major system component areas, and concludes with a section on general and miscellaneous electrostatic precipitator terms. This document is written by and for members of the air pollution control industry as well as for the regulatory community and others seeking to better understand this industry and this particular air pollution control technology. This document is part of an ICAC technical standards series that addresses electrostatic precipitators (see ICAC publications list). As appropriate, terminology specific to dry and wet electrostatic precipitators is listed and defined. -
Study of the Corona Discharge Pheno- Menon for Application in Pathogen and Narcotic Detection in Aerosol
Study of the corona discharge pheno- menon for application in pathogen and narcotic detection in aerosol GLEB LOBOV Degree project in Microsystem Technology Second level, 30 HEC Stockholm, Sweden 2012 XR-EE-MST 2012-001 Study of the corona discharge phenomenon for application in pathogen and narcotic detection in aerosol Master Thesis by Gleb Lobov Supervisors: Gaspard Pardon, Niklas Sandström Examiner: Wouter van der Wijngaart Microsystem Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden January 2012 3 4 Abstract Within this master thesis work, a novel application of a corona discharge is presented. The phenomenon of an electro-hydro-dynamic (EHD) flow is used for the precipitation of airborne particles onto a restricted surface of a non-coronizing electrode. The non-coronizing electrode surface can be replaced by a liquid interface, by which aerosol particles can be transferred from the airflow into a liquid solution, allowing for further analysis. Due to a small volume of the liquid container, the increased concentration of trapped particles will potentially enhance the resolution of the detection system. Aerosol droplets can originate from a human breath, which opens the possibility to utilize the system for narcotics or viruses detection. In this work, effort was laid on adapting a simulation model and an experimental set-up to the concept of the airborne particle trapping. Electrical measurements were conducted to characterize the set-up, through which the main limitations of the input parameters of the system could be extracted. Moreover, an approach for the determination of the upper limit of the applicable voltage was introduced. The data collected was used to build general conclusions and recommendations, relevant to the further research on this topic. -
Radiation and Climate
m ^ <(. -Zc'.^.^Z l INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF WORLD METEOROLOGICAL SCIENTIFIC UNIONS ORGANIZATION RADIATION AND CLIMATE SECOND WORKSHOP ON IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BASELINE SURFACE RADIATION NETWORK (Davos, Switzerland, 6-9 August 1991) NOVEMBER 1991 WCRP-64 WMO/TD-No. 453 ) i t 'I The World Climate Programme launched by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) includes four components: The World Climate Data and Monitoring Programme The World Climate Applications and Services Programme The World Climate Impact Assessment and Response Strategies Programme The World Climate Research Programme The World Climate Research Programme is jointly sponsored by the WMO and the International Council of Scientific Unions. I NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organizaüon concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authoriues, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This report has been produced without editorial revision by the WMO Secretariat. It is not an official publication and its distribution in this form does not imply endorsement by the Organization of the ideas expressed. R. t; TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. l. OBJECTIVES OF WORKSHOP l 2. REPORTS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY STUDIES 2 3. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DETERMINATION OF BASIC BSRN PARAMETERS AND BSKN OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES 8 '9^ 3.l Instruments and methods 8 •i:'K.'"- 3.2 Calibration procedures 11 3.3 Data acquisition 12 3.4 Measurement uncertainty techniques 13 3.5 Preparation of operations manual for the BSRN 13 4. -
The Corona Discharge
Numerical and analytical studies of critical radius in new geometries for corona discharge in air and CO2-rich environments Jacob A. Engle, Jeremy A. Riousset Department of Physical Sciences, Center for Space and Atmospheric Research (CSAR), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL CEDAR 2017 ([email protected]) Abstract II. Model Formulation In this work, we focus on plasma discharge produced between two electrodes with a high potential Objectives Geometry Cartesian Spherical Cylindrical difference, resulting in ionization of the neutral gas particles and creating a current in the gas • Apply Paschen theory to Cartesian, 푥2 푅2 푅2 medium. This process, when done at low current and low temperature can create corona and “glow” Analytical 훼eff푑푥 = ln(푄) 훼eff푑푟 = ln(푄) 훼eff푑푟 = ln(푄) 푥1 푅1 푅1 discharges, which can be observed as a luminescent, or “glow,” emission. The parallel plate geometry spherical, and cylindrical geometries; 푥1 = 0 R2 →c; V(R2) = 0 R2 →c; V(R2) = 0 −퐵푝 used in Paschen theory is particularly well suited to model experimental laboratory scenario. V(c) = 0; V(c) = 0 • Obtain analytical expressions for critical 훼eff(퐸) = 퐴푝푒 퐸 However, it is limited in its applicability to lightning rods and power lines (Moore et al., 2000). −퐵푝 −퐵푝 푑 = 푥 − 푥 훼 (퐸) = 퐴푝푒 퐸 훼 (퐸) = 퐴푝푒 퐸 Franklin’s sharp tip and Moore et al.’s rounded tip fundamentally differ in the radius of curvature of 2 1 eff eff radius and Stoletov’s point; 휕푉 = 0: Stoletov′s point 휕푉 ′ 휕푉 ′ the upper end of the rod. Hence, we propose to expand the classic Cartesian geometry into spherical 휕푑 = 0: Stoletov s point = 0: Stoletov s point • Develop numerical models for 휕푅1 휕푅1 geometries. -
Lidar Supplied to Brazil Calibrating the Italian Air Force Brewer Network
News Letter 8 Lidar supplied to Brazil Calibrating the Italian Air Force Brewer Network LAS helps to improve Water Management in Australia A Special Sun Tracker Application in the Arctic Exciting Things coming Are you the next Kipp & Zonen award winner? up this Spring Every year, during the EMS Meeting, we grant the award to an outstanding research paper on Boundary Layer Following the article on the development of the new Meteorology by a young aspiring scientist. Go to our CNR 4 net radiometer in the previous newsletter, I am newspage on www.kippzonen.com for more information. happy to confirm that it is now available for ordering. The interest from customers is very promising and we have high expectations. Read all about the light weight, optional integrated ventilation, standard PT-100 and Content April 2009 thermistor temperature sensors, and other innovative features, on page 3 or the CNR 4 product page at www.kippzonen.com. P2: Ben’s Column Exciting Things coming up this Spring You will have seen our completely new website last year and we are continuing to improve it and add extra functionalities. For P3: News update example, we recently launched a new tool to speed up product CNR 4 Net Radiometer inquiries and quotation requests. Future possibilities include AMS 2009 in Phoenix sub-sites focussed on specific markets and language options. Lidar supplied to Brazil Behind the scenes, we have also made some changes and you P4: Calibrating the Italian Air Force Brewer Network may have noticed the benefits already. We have completed the integration of a new ERP system that allows us to plan production P5: Kipp & Zonen LAS helps to improve and manage logistics better. -
Measuring Routines of Ice Accretion for Wind Turbine Applications
Measuring routines of ice accretion for Wind Turbine applications The correlation of production losses and detection of ice Viktor Carlsson Viktor Carlsson Ht 2009 Master thesis, 30 hp Master of Science programme in Engineering Physics, 180 hp Master thesis in engineering physics 2010-11-18 Abstract Wind power will play a major role in the future energy system in Sweden. Most of the major wind parks are planned to be built in sites where the cold climate and atmospheric icing can cause serious problems. This underlines the importance of addressing these issues. The major cause of these problems is in-cloud icing of the rotor blades due to super cooled liquid droplets of clouds. The droplets freeze upon impact with the rotor blade and form hard rime ice. This rime ice causes disruption in the aerodynamics that leads to production losses, extra loads on the rotor blades and when the ice is shed it poses a safety risk to people in the near environment. This master thesis focuses on how to measure the accretion of ice and the correlation between measured ice and production losses of two wind parks in northern Sweden. The results show a good correlation between the ice accretion on a stationary sensor and the production loss from a wind turbine. In most icing events the icing of the sensor and large production losses from the wind turbine correlated clearly. Attempts to quantify the production losses at a certain ice rate measured with the stationary sensors was done, however no clear results was produced. The reason for this is that the wind turbines often stop completely during an icing event and that the time series analyzed was too short to be able to quantify the losses at certain wind speed and ice rates. -
Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications: Second Edition
Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications: Second Edition Edited by Manajit Sengupta,1 Aron Habte,1 Christian Gueymard,2 Stefan Wilbert,3 Dave Renné,4 and Thomas Stoffel5 1 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2 Solar Consulting Services 3 German Aerospace Center (DLR) 4 Dave Renné Renewables, LLC 5 Solar Resource Solutions, LLC This update was prepared in collaboration with the International Energy Agency Solar Heating and Cooling Programme: Task 46 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC This report is available at no cost from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) at www.nrel.gov/publications. Technical Report NREL/TP-5D00-68886 December 2017 Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications: Second Edition Edited by Manajit Sengupta,1 Aron Habte,1 Christian Gueymard,2 Stefan Wilbert,3 Dave Renné,4 and Thomas Stoffel5 1 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2 Solar Consulting Services 3 German Aerospace Center (DLR) 4 Dave Renné Renewables, LLC 5 Solar Resource Solutions, LLC Prepared under Task No. SETP.10304.28.01.10 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC This report is available at no cost from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) at www.nrel.gov/publications. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Technical Report 15013 Denver West Parkway NREL/TP-5D00-68886 Golden, CO 80401 December 2017 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Contract No. -
Evidence of a Corona Discharge Induced by Natural High Voltage Due to Vertical Potential Gradient Dunpin Hong, H
Evidence of a corona discharge induced by natural high voltage due to vertical potential gradient Dunpin Hong, H. Rabat, M. Kirkpatrick, E. Odic, Nofel Merbahi, J Giacomoni, Olivier Eichwald To cite this version: Dunpin Hong, H. Rabat, M. Kirkpatrick, E. Odic, Nofel Merbahi, et al.. Evidence of a corona discharge induced by natural high voltage due to vertical potential gradient. Plasma Research Express, 2019, 1 (1), pp.015013. 10.1088/2516-1067/ab0563. hal-02100144 HAL Id: hal-02100144 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02100144 Submitted on 15 Apr 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. EVIDENCE OF A CORONA DISCHARGE INDUCED BY NATURAL HIGH VOLTAGE DUE TO VERTICAL POTENTIAL GRADIENT D. HONG1*, H. RABAT1, M.J. KIRKPATRICK2, E. ODIC2, N. MERBAHI3, J. GIACOMONI4 AND O. EICHWALD3 ¹GREMI, UMR7344, Univ. of Orleans, CNRS, 45067 Orleans, France ²GeePs | Group of electrical engineering - Paris, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Université, 3 & 11 rue Joliot-Curie, Plateau de Moulon 91192 Gif- sur-Yvette CEDEX, France 3LAPLACE, Univ. of Toulouse, UMR5213, 31062, Toulouse, France 4AEROPHILE, 106 avenue Félix Faure, 75015 PARIS, France *corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper describes a study evidencing the creation of a corona discharge induced by natural high voltage found above the earth’s surface due to the vertical potential gradient at an altitude of 125 meters. -
Weather Station XET C3VP
GPM Ground Validation Environment Canada (EC) Weather Station XET C3VP Introduction The GPM Ground Validation Environment Canada (EC) Weather Station XET C3VP dataset consists of surface meteorological data collected at the Environment Canada (EC) XET station at the Centre for Atmospheric Research Experiments (CARE) during the Canadian CloudSat/CALIPSO Validation Project (C3VP) field campaign. The campaign took place in southern Canada in support of multiple science missions, including the NASA GPM mission, in order to improve the modeling and remote sensing of winter precipitation. The XET C3VP dataset file includes temperature, pressure, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, solar radiation, grass temperature, soil temperature, snow depth, sunshine, and precipitation measurements from October 4, 2006 through March 31, 2007 in ASCII-csv format. Citation Rodriguez, Peter. 2020. GPM Ground Validation Environment Canada (EC) Surface Meteorological Station C3VP [indicate subset used]. Dataset available online from the NASA Global Hydrology Resource Center DAAC, Huntsville, Alabama, U.S.A. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5067/GPMGV/C3VP/METSTATION/DATA201 Keywords: NASA, GHRC, EC, C3VP, CARE, XET, air temperature, air pressure, wind speed/direction, relative humidity, solar radiation, sunshine, soil temperature, grass temperature, snow depth, precipitation Campaign The Global Precipitation Measurement mission Ground Validation (GPM GV) campaign used a variety of methods for validation of GPM satellite constellation measurements prior to and after launch of the GPM Core Satellite, which launched on February 27, 2014. The instrument validation effort included numerous GPM-specific and joint agency/international external field campaigns, using state of the art cloud and precipitation observational infrastructure (polarimetric radars, profilers, rain gauges, and disdrometers).