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The Lexical Groups of Arabic Loanwords Used in the «Qisasi Rabguzi»

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The Lexical Groups of Arabic Loanwords Used in the «Qisasi Rabguzi» The Light of Islam Volume 2018 Issue 4 Article 6 2018 THE LEXICAL GROUPS OF ARABIC LOANWORDS USED IN THE «QISASI RABGUZI» Dilfuza SAGDULLAEVA International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/iiau Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation SAGDULLAEVA, Dilfuza (2018) "THE LEXICAL GROUPS OF ARABIC LOANWORDS USED IN THE «QISASI RABGUZI»," The Light of Islam: Vol. 2018 : Iss. 4 , Article 6. Available at: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/iiau/vol2018/iss4/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by 2030 Uzbekistan Research Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Light of Islam by an authorized editor of 2030 Uzbekistan Research Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thе Light of Islam, 2018 йил Dilfuza SAGDULLAEVA This article analyses the separated lexical groups Doctoral student of the department of Classical of words and phrases of Arabic origin, defined in the oriental literature and source studies of the work of Qisasi Rabguzi by Nasuriddin Rabguzi, first INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC ACADEMY OF UZBEKISTAN written in Turkic language based on Islamic sources [email protected] 11, A.Кadiri, Tashkent, 100011, in the XIII-XIV centuries in Khorezm.The study of Uzbekistan. Arabic loanwords in manuscripts in the diachronic aspect includes not only in determining the methods of THE LEXICAL GROUPS OF developing linguistic facts, but also studying the history ARABIC LOANWORDS USED IN THE of the people who created it. One of the common ways «QISASI RABGUZI» of the historical development of a language and its vocabulary is the analysis of the words of a language in separated subject groups.The definition of affiliation of Key words: lexical content, arabic loanwords, lexical Arabic words to certain areas, the thematic grouping will groups, vocabulary, lexical groups, classification, linguistic give a complete picture of the spirituality, the legal level method, anthroponym, ethnonym, toponym. of the peoples of that era, and partnership relations with neighboring and fraternal peoples. The study revealed and analyzed 24 lexical groups of Arabic loanwords Introduction given in the work and made a scientific analysis of these The East of medieval period is considered as the words. In addition, there were indicated the researches period of development of its science, culture and art. which performed an analysis of the vocabulary of the On this period together with mathematics, astronomy, language in separated subject groups. Several kinds of geography, medicine and other subjects, the literature proper names, being effectively used in the language of the work, were identified. It was also concluded (Rustamiy, 2018, 2019; Shoaliyeva, 2019; Nizomova, that borrowed and exotic anthroponyms, ethnonyms, 2019), and linguistics (Nosirova, 2019; Akmalkhanov, theonyms and toponyms and religious vocabulary are 2019) were also blossomed, the works being created the most frequently used groups in the language of the at this time were considered as the theoretical basis work. for the following periods. Our country had brought This research plays an important role in the study of the historical development of the process of borrowing up thousands of philosophers and scholars who, with Arabic words and lexical composition in the language of their scientific heritage, made a huge contribution to the Turkic peoples of the XIII-XIV centuries. the development of the world science and culture. Their unique manuscripts are widespread among the hearing about it may know instantly what it is about. different countries’ foundations of the world and at And this title remained in common use down through present time they became a spiritual legacy of that the centuries. Qisasi Rabguzi’s vocabulary includes foundations. (Islomov, 2019). many arabic sentences, phrases and loanwords. The periods of XIII–XIVth centuries is considered (Sagdullaeva, 2019). One of the widespread methods as separate and difficult periods in the history of turkic of studying the historical development and lexicon people and turkic languages. During this period on of the language is the analysis of words divided into the areas of Central Asia and Golden Horde had lexical groups. The determination of the spheres of been written many works that were different from the words given in the sources serves as an important the viewpoint of language peculiarities (Rabguzi, source of information not only for linguistics, but also 1990). It is hardly necessary to stress the importance for other subjects. Besides, the thematic groupping of of Rabguzi’s Qisas al-Anbiyāʾ, completed in 1311, lexems in written sources gives a complete view about as a linguistic source. In contrast to most of the the spirituality, level of law, the cooperative relations surviving works in Khwarezmian Turkish, the Qisas with neighbourhood and relative folks of the people of is written in prose and it is composed in such a way that period (Аbdushukurov, 2017, p. 55). that the stylistic levels represented in it are rather The classification of the words in the language diverse. In fact, the mixture of Qurʾānic exegesis and is called in linguistics as lexical groups or thematic ḥadīth, anecdotes, folk stories and poetry offered by rows of the words. The awareness of language lexics Rabghuzi has maintained its popular appeal right up to for belonging to one or another thematic group the present day in an unbroken chain of transmission. depends on relation of meaning, subjective feature The distinctive appeal of Rabghuzi’s work was based and nominational signs among the words. The lexical as much on his style as on the arrangement of the groups of words may include lexis belonging to contents. The author appears to have been confident one direction (for example, the words belonging to enough of his success. In his introduction, he suggests one part of speech) or mixed-type words. The term the informal title Qisasi Rabguzi so that anyone «lexical groups» means one of the linguistic methods looking for the book may find it quickly, and anyone of classification of words and the lexical groups of 39 Thе Light of Islam, 2018 йил language materials being classified with this method the exotic lexics of religious texts reveals the borrowed (Begmatov,1985, p.120). The division of borrowed and exotic types of anthroponyms. The author says lexis layer into lexical groups and their comparative that exotic anthroponyms- it is the arabic proper study can define what specific lexis are kept, which nouns which are not borrowed. The Anthroponyms words are historically disappeared and what borrowed is considered as the biggest type of proper nouns, lexicon replaced them. and within the exotic lexics, which can be met in the Main part religious texts, it makes a separate thematic group. The The investigation of Arabic loanwords used in group of exotic anthroponyms can include the names of «Qisasi Rabguzi» in the separated lexical groups gives arabic folks, nicknames, nisbas, kunyas, pseudonyms. an opportunity to reveal the information concerned There is one feature of exotic anthroponyms – next with Arabic language of the Turkic people’s life to the father’s name is given «ibn» ( a son) for men, features of XIII–XIVth centuries, including social, and for women «bint» (a daughter) (Uluqov, 1997, political, cultural, marriage, religious views. Besides, p.88-90). The following kunyas are given in the work- in determining the size and value of Arabic loanwords Мaziyd ibn Sa’d (29v/15) means Maziyd is a son of used in the work it is necessary to divide the lexicon of Sa’d, Umar ibn Xattob ( 190v/5) means Umar is a that layer into lexical groups. son of Xattob, Varaqa ibn Navfal (191v/18) means From the above mentioned views we can say that Varaqa is a son of Navfal, Оysha bint Aby Bakr Siddiq the arabic loanwords used in the work can be divided (198r/21) means Oysha is a daughter of Abu Bakr into the following groups: proper nouns, religious Siddiq, Savdo bint Romi’a (198r/21) means Savdo is lexics, the ethnographic notions, the words of time a daughter Romi’a, Оmina bint Vahhob [(198r/11) notion, the names of natural treasure and precious means Omina is a daughter of Vahhab. Sometimes stones, the words of education and upbringing, the in the front of exotic anthroponyms can be given the terms of literature, the words of feature and sign, the words like «аbu» which means «father» or «ummu» words of professions, the words of food and drinks, which means «mother». Besides, there are other the words of abstract notions,the words of social- names belonging to this group: Аbu Talib (191vr/21) political notions, the words of flora and fauna world, means father of Talib, Аbu Bakr (190r/15) means the names of organs of the body, words expressing the father of Bakr, Аbu-l-Оs (198r/20) means father of Os, nature events, the words expressing direction and side, Аbu Sufyon (198r/1) means father of Sufyon, Ummu the words expressing the relations of the relatives, the Kulsum (198r/20) means mother of Kulsum, Ummu words expressing the cosmogonic objects, the names Habiba (198r/1) means mother of Habiba. of the months, the names of musical instruments, the Sometimes the words like «abu» , «ummu» , lexical units expressing the economical relations and «bint» and «ibn» can be used together. In this case not notions, the military lexics, the terms of bookselling. only the name, bur the origin is also expressed. For In the following we’ll discuss about the mentioned example: Ummu Habiba bint abu Sufyon (198r/1) – groups. daughter of Sufyon Habiba’s mother or Аli ibn Abu 1. The proper nouns. The proper nouns, used in Talib (198r/20) – Ali is a son of Talib.
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