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Far from the Dragging Plough~
~FAR FROM THE DRAGGING PLOUGH~ VETERANS IN TRADE AND BUSINESS DURING THE ROMAN PRINCIPATE by Joseph Adam Hall School of Classics University of Wales, Trinity Saint David Dissertation submitted for MA degree in Ancient History and Classical Studies January 2013 Master’s Degrees by Examination and Dissertation Declaration Form. 1. This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed……………………………………………………………………………… Date ………………………………………………………………………………... 2. This dissertation is being submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MA Ancient History and Classical Studies Signed……………………………………………………………………………… Date..…………………………………………………………………..…………... 3. This dissertation is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed candidate:………………………………………………………………… Date: …………………………………………………….………………………. 4. I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be available for photocopying, inter- library loan, and for deposit in the University’s digital repository Signed…………………………………………………………….……………… Date………………………………………………….…………….…………….. Supervisor’s Declaration. I am satisfied that this work is the result of the student’s own efforts. Signed…………………………………………………………………………….. Date……………………………………………………………………………….. ~SUMMARY~ In the study of the Roman world, few demographics receive scanter attention from modern scholarship than those time-served veterans who eschewed an agricultural life in favour of setting up in business for themselves. This study, then, is an examination of this class of men and the evidence we have for them. Modern scholarship’s apathy in this field of study is no doubt an effect of the lack of anything more than sparse one-dimensional references to veterans in the ancient literary sources, an aspect this paper will also examine. -
John Stuart Mill’Sworksare by Title, Followed by Volume and Pagenumber of the Collected Works of John Stuart Mill (CW), Edited by J.M
Roots of Respect Roots of Respect A Historic-Philosophical Itinerary Edited by Giovanni Giorgini and Elena Irrera An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org ISBN 978-3-11-021808-4 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-021809-1 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-021806-2 ISBN 978-3-11-044813-9 ISSN 0179-0986 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-052628-8 e-ISSN 0179-3256 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License, For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. as of February 23, 2017. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliografic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliogra- detailed bibliografic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. fie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.dnb.de abrufbar. -
Chaos and Control: Reading Plato's Politicus1
Review Article Chaos and Control: Reading PlatoÕs Politicus1 MARY MARGARET M CCABE On rst reading, the Politicus appears a dismal dialogue (compared, for example, to the immediacy of both the philosophy and the drama of the Theaetetus). This conversation between the Eleatic Stranger and the hopelessly complaisant Young Socrates seems unlikely to capture our imagination; the lengthy discussion of col- lection and division may do little for our understanding of dialectic; and even the joke (at 266c, a pun on being a pig and coming last which is marginally more amusing in Greek) will leave us cold. It may be hardly surprising that Òthis weary dialogue,Ó as Gilbert Ryle called it, has been left alone by scholars. However a recent Symposium Platonicum has revived interest in the Politicus;2 this generated two volumes of papers given at the Symposium and, more impor- tantly, a new translation with commentary by Christopher Rowe. 3 The new OCT, moreover, gives a freshly edited text. 4 This material makes it immediately clear that the Politicus should not be dismissed out of hand – even although it stands revealed as an extremely complex composition, both from the literary and from the philosophical point of view. 1 Christopher Rowe, Bob Sharples and Tad Brennan were kind enough to read and criticise a draft of these comments; I am very grateful to them. 2 Old habits die hard; I prefer Politicus (Plt.) to Statesman, not least to avoid the dangers of archaism (and the impossibility of capturing an extinct species) in the English expression. In deference to Plato, however, I use the expression Òthe states- manÓ (rather than Òthe politicianÓ) to describe the person with political understanding. -
Heim Gallery Records, 1965-1991
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt5779r8sb No online items Finding aid for the Heim Gallery records, 1965-1991 Finding aid prepared by Isabella Zuralski. Finding aid for the Heim Gallery 910004 1 records, 1965-1991 Descriptive Summary Title: Heim Gallery records Date (inclusive): 1965-1991 Number: 910004 Creator/Collector: Heim Gallery Physical Description: 120.0 linear feet(271 boxes) Repository: The Getty Research Institute Special Collections 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles, California, 90049-1688 (310) 440-7390 Abstract: London gallery directed by Andrew Ciechanowieck. Records include extensive correspondence with museums, galleries, collectors, and other colleagues in Europe and the United States. Photographs document paintings, drawings, sculptures, and decorative art sold and exhibited by, and offered to the gallery. Stock and financial records trace acquisitions and sales. Request Materials: Request access to the physical materials described in this inventory through the catalog record for this collection. Click here for the access policy . Language: Collection material is in English Biographical / Historical Note Heim Gallery London began in June 1966 with François Heim (from Galerie Heim, Paris, begun 1954) and Andrew S. Ciechanowiecki as partners. Ciechanowiecki served as director in London while Heim remained in France. The emphasis of the gallery was Old Master paintings, especially French of the 15th - 18th century, Italian paintings of all periods, and sculpture (marble, terracotta and bronze) from the Renaissance to the 19th century. The gallery was known for its scholarly exhibitions and catalogs. Between 1966 and 1989 the gallery presented exhibitions two to three times a year. The gallery did business with museums and individual clients in Europe and the United States. -
The Antonine Wall, the Roman Frontier in Scotland, Was the Most and Northerly Frontier of the Roman Empire for a Generation from AD 142
Breeze The Antonine Wall, the Roman frontier in Scotland, was the most and northerly frontier of the Roman Empire for a generation from AD 142. Hanson It is a World Heritage Site and Scotland’s largest ancient monument. The Antonine Wall Today, it cuts across the densely populated central belt between Forth (eds) and Clyde. In The Antonine Wall: Papers in Honour of Professor Lawrence Keppie, Papers in honour of nearly 40 archaeologists, historians and heritage managers present their researches on the Antonine Wall in recognition of the work Professor Lawrence Keppie of Lawrence Keppie, formerly Professor of Roman History and Wall Antonine The Archaeology at the Hunterian Museum, Glasgow University, who spent edited by much of his academic career recording and studying the Wall. The 32 papers cover a wide variety of aspects, embracing the environmental and prehistoric background to the Wall, its structure, planning and David J. Breeze and William S. Hanson construction, military deployment on its line, associated artefacts and inscriptions, the logistics of its supply, as well as new insights into the study of its history. Due attention is paid to the people of the Wall, not just the ofcers and soldiers, but their womenfolk and children. Important aspects of the book are new developments in the recording, interpretation and presentation of the Antonine Wall to today’s visitors. Considerable use is also made of modern scientifc techniques, from pollen, soil and spectrographic analysis to geophysical survey and airborne laser scanning. In short, the papers embody present- day cutting edge research on, and summarise the most up-to-date understanding of, Rome’s shortest-lived frontier. -
Isurium Brigantum
Isurium Brigantum an archaeological survey of Roman Aldborough The authors and publisher wish to thank the following individuals and organisations for their help with this Isurium Brigantum publication: Historic England an archaeological survey of Roman Aldborough Society of Antiquaries of London Thriplow Charitable Trust Faculty of Classics and the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge Chris and Jan Martins Rose Ferraby and Martin Millett with contributions by Jason Lucas, James Lyall, Jess Ogden, Dominic Powlesland, Lieven Verdonck and Lacey Wallace Research Report of the Society of Antiquaries of London No. 81 For RWS Norfolk ‒ RF Contents First published 2020 by The Society of Antiquaries of London Burlington House List of figures vii Piccadilly Preface x London W1J 0BE Acknowledgements xi Summary xii www.sal.org.uk Résumé xiii © The Society of Antiquaries of London 2020 Zusammenfassung xiv Notes on referencing and archives xv ISBN: 978 0 8543 1301 3 British Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background to this study 1 Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data 1.2 Geographical setting 2 A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the 1.3 Historical background 2 Library of Congress, Washington DC 1.4 Previous inferences on urban origins 6 The moral rights of Rose Ferraby, Martin Millett, Jason Lucas, 1.5 Textual evidence 7 James Lyall, Jess Ogden, Dominic Powlesland, Lieven 1.6 History of the town 7 Verdonck and Lacey Wallace to be identified as the authors of 1.7 Previous archaeological work 8 this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. -
LEG(Io) X GEM(Ina): Hispanic Legionary Countermarks During the Reign of Vitellius
LEG(io) X GEM(ina): Hispanic Legionary Countermarks during the Reign of Vitellius. Appendix: eagle (head) and boar types LEG(io) X GEM(ina): contramarcas legionarias hispánicas del reinado de Vitelio. Apéndice: tipos águila (cabeza) y jabalí Rodolfo Martini ([email protected]) Gabinetto Numismatico e Medagliere. Milano Resumen: La relectura de dos contramarcas imperiales romanas, conservadas en el Museo Arqueológico Nacional de Madrid (figs. 4-5), nos permite precisar y actualizar lo que se conoce sobre los tipos relacionados con la Legio X Gemina en el área hispanica: dos de ellos (B-C) ya están recogidos por la bibliografía, pero interpretados de forma incompleta y no relacionados entre sí; además, un nuevo ejemplar del tipo B (fig. 3) confirma el uso de la grafía arcaica cursiva para la letra E, en la forma de II, y hace que los dos tipos B-C sean únicos para las costumbres epigráficas de las contramarcas imperiales romanas. Los tres tipos (A-C) están atestiguados en las acuñaciones romanas imperiales de bronce de la ceca de Tarraco, sestercios de Claudio (A-B) y ases de Vitelio (C); su producción se sitúa aproximadamente a mediados del año 69 d. C., en el momento del traslado de la Legio X Gemina hacia la Germania Inferior para participar en la guerra contra los bátavos. Su acuñación fue reducida tanto por el corto período como por el volumen producido, y a este respecto parece probable que se utilizase un solo cuño para cada uno de los tres tipos. Las relaciones entre los tres grupos de contramarcas sobre monedas de bronce imperiales nos permiten también investigar desde un punto de vista diferente la producción y la circulación de una de las contramarcas romanas más comunes en el área hispánica, presente sobre las monedas de bronce locales de Augusto y Tiberio, la cabeza de águila; su tipología se discute brevemente junto a la contramarca jabalí por sus estrechas relaciones con el entorno legionario y el contexto histórico y social de la época de las guerras civiles. -
The Social and Material Worlds of Alphonsine Bowes De Saint-Amand
Beyond the Bowes Museum: The Social and Material Worlds of Al phonsine Bowes de Saint-Amand Lindsay Macnaughton The Bowes Museum in Barnard Castle is a public art museum built from 1869 and inaugurated in 1892 to display in technical and didactic ways the collection formed by a couple who lived most of their adult lives in Paris. The so-called founders’ collection combines items purchased with the museum in mind with an important collection of artworks and fur- nishings used in the couple’s own homes on both sides of the Channel. Today the museum presents to visitors a selective biography of its found- ers, John and Joséphine Bowes. John Bowes (1811–1885), the illegitimate son of the 10th Earl of Strathmore, inherited his father’s English estates, but not his title.1 Educated at Eton and Cambridge, he displayed a keen interest in theatre, history, and France. By 1847 Bowes had taken up resi- dence in Paris, marking an end to his career as a Whig MP for County Durham. An essential figure in exporting the British horseracing tradition into France and a wealthy bachelor from a landed family, Bowes joined the exclusive Cercle de l’Union in 1846 and was invited to join the Jockey Club.2 By contrast, Benoîte Joséphine Coffin dite Chevalier was born in Paris on 26 April 1825, the daughter of a clockmaker, originally from Lyons, and Madeleine Antoinette Sergent (1787–1866).3 Joséphine followed Laurent-Joseph Morin’s classes at the Conservatoire, and performed on the stage of the Théâtre Français.4 In September 1846 La Tribune dramatique reported that the young actress Mademoiselle Delorme (Joséphine’s stage name) would commence a three-year contract at the Théâtre des Variétés, which was bought outright in cash by John Bowes in 1847.5 They signed a 1 Charles Hardy, John Bowes and the Bowes Museum (Barnard Castle: Friends of the Bowes Museum, 1970), pp. -
Marcas Legionarias De La Vi Victrix Y La X Gemina En El Foro De Caesar Augusta1
MARCAS LEGIONARIAS DE LA VI VICTRIX Y LA X GEMINA EN EL FORO DE CAESAR AUGUSTA1 Resumen: Edición y comentario de las marcas de cantero de las legiones VI Victrix y X Gemina procedentes del foro de Caesar Augusta. Palabras clave: Legio VI Victrix, legio X Gemina, legio IIII Macedonica, marcas de cante- ro, Caesar Augusta. Abstract: Edition and comment of the legionary quarry marks (legio VI Victrix and legio X Gemina) from the Caesar Augusta forum. Kay words: Legio VI Victrix, legio X Gemina, legio IIII Macedonica, quarry marks, Caesar Augusta. Conocí a Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu en los años 70, cuando profesaba en la Universidad cesarau- gustana formando parte, primero, del Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología que entonces dirigía mi padre, Antonio Beltrán Martínez, y después, efímeramente, como cabeza del recién creado Departa- mento de Historia Antigua, en el que fue mi profesor y al que yo mismo me incorporé poco después de su traslado a la Universidad del País Vasco en 1976. Sirvan estas páginas como testimonio de mi gran res- peto intelectual por su fértil trayectoria académica y recuerdo de aquellos años en los que frecuentaba sus brillantes clases de metodología histórica y de Hispania «prerromana». 1. Como es bien sabido, el imponente dispositivo militar puesto en pie por Augusto a partir de 26 a. E. para culminar la conquista de Hispania sólo fue parcialmente desactivado tras el fi nal de las Guerras Cántabras, de manera que, tras la evacuación del grueso de los efectivos entre 19 y 13 a. E., tres de las siete u ocho legiones empleadas durante el confl icto permanecieron acuarteladas en torno al escenario de la guerra, tal y como refl eja Estrabón en su Geografía a comienzos del reinado de Tiberio (III 3, 8; 4, 20). -
Representations of Veterans in the Imperial Cult in Gallia Narbonensis, 46 BC-79 AD
Representations of veterans in the imperial cult in Gallia Narbonensis, 46 BC-79 AD Dennis Hermans s4165527 15-08-2017 Master thesis Eternal Rome Index Introduction p. 2 Chapter 1 – Creating a corpus regarding veterans and the imperial cult p. 10 1.1 Baeterrae p. 15 1.2 Narbo Martius p. 19 1.3 Arausio p. 22 1.4 Forum Iulii p. 24 1.5 Arelate p. 26 1.6 Cularo p. 29 1.7 Geneva p. 30 1.8 Alba Helviorum p. 33 1.9 Allebaece Reiorum Apollinarum p. 34 1.10 Vienna p. 36 1.11 Nemausus p. 38 1.12 Massilia p. 43 Chapter 2 – Inscriptions and the career path for equites and nobiles p. 45 Conclusion p. 54 Bibliography p. 57 Appendix p. 63 1 Introduction1 ‘I settled colonies of soldiers in Africa, Sicily, Macedonia, both Spains, Achaea, Asia, Syria, Gallia Narbonensis, Pisidia. Moreover, Italy has twenty-eight colonies founded under my auspices which have grown to be famous and populous during my lifetime.’2 The quote above comes from the Res Gestae divi Augusti, the works or deeds of the deified Augustus, published after his death in 14 AD. Much like the rest of the Res Gestae, the quote above contains a boasting and propaganda element: Augustus has settled soldiers in colonies all over the world and they have all become great and grew very large. This gives an insight into the image that Augustus wanted to portray about his deeds and himself. Although Augustus has settled veterans in many colonies, he was definitely not the first to do so, as the process of establishing veteran colonies already started around 100 BC. -
Early Greek Ethics
Comp. by: SatchitananthaSivam Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0004760437 Date:25/2/20 Time:13:07:47 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0004760437.3D Dictionary : NOAD_USDictionary 3 OUP UNCORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FIRST PROOF, 25/2/2020, SPi Early Greek Ethics Edited by DAVID CONAN WOLFSDORF 1 Comp. by: SatchitananthaSivam Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0004760437 Date:25/2/20 Time:13:07:47 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0004760437.3D Dictionary : NOAD_USDictionary 5 OUP UNCORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FIRST PROOF, 25/2/2020, SPi Table of Contents Abbreviations ix Chapter Abstracts and Contributor Information xiii Introduction xxvii David Conan Wolfsdorf PART I INDIVIDUALS AND TEXTS 1. The Pythagorean Acusmata 3 Johan C. Thom 2. Xenophanes on the Ethics and Epistemology of Arrogance 19 Shaul Tor 3. On the Ethical Dimension of Heraclitus’ Thought 37 Mark A. Johnstone 4. Ethics and Natural Philosophy in Empedocles 54 John Palmer 5. The Ethical Life of a Fragment: Three Readings of Protagoras’ Man Measure Statement 74 Tazuko A. van Berkel 6. The Logos of Ethics in Gorgias’ Palamedes, On What is Not, and Helen 110 Kurt Lampe 7. Responsibility Rationalized: Action and Pollution in Antiphon’s Tetralogies 132 Joel E. Mann 8. Ethical and Political Thought in Antiphon’s Truth and Concord 149 Mauro Bonazzi 9. The Ethical Philosophy of the Historical Socrates 169 David Conan Wolfsdorf 10. Prodicus on the Choice of Heracles, Language, and Religion 195 Richard Bett 11. The Ethical Maxims of Democritus of Abdera 211 Monte Ransome Johnson 12. The Sophrosynē of Critias: Aristocratic Ethics after the Thirty Tyrants 243 Alex Gottesman Comp. by: SatchitananthaSivam Stage : Proof ChapterID: 0004760437 Date:25/2/20 Time:13:07:48 Filepath:d:/womat-filecopy/0004760437.3D Dictionary : NOAD_USDictionary 6 OUP UNCORRECTED AUTOPAGE PROOFS – FIRST PROOF, 25/2/2020, SPi vi 13. -
Dimaio Credits Chart Without Captions
Figure 1: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748, architect and engraver, engraving on copper; 12 plates or sectors, original copper plates (12 in number) stored in the Palazzo della Calcografia, National Institute for Graphic Design, Rome, reproduction, MAXXI, Public domain Figure 2: Roma Interrotta, 1978, Sponsor: Incontri Internazionali d'Arte; invited participants: Sartogo, Dardi, Grumbach, Stirling, Portoghesi, Giurgola, Venturi, Rowe (w/ DiMaio, Littenberg, Peterson, Carl), Graves, L. Krier, Rossi, R. Krier, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI Secolo, exhibited, Trajan's Market, Rome, 1978 Figure 3: Nolli Plan of Rome, 1748, Giambattista Nolli, 1748 Figure 4: Roma Interrotta, 1978, based on Colin Rowe's History for Sector 8, ROME: The Lost and Unknown City (Roma Ignota e Perduta), Colin Rowe, Judith DiMaio, Barbara Littenberg, Steven Peterson, Peter Carl, 1978-1978, ink on mylar, sector 8, MAXXI, Rome, Museo Nazionale delle Arti del XXI Secolo, exhibited, Trajan's Market, Rome, 1978 Figure 5: Villa Madama, Rome, Robert Hubert, ca.1760, wash drawing, State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Public domain Figure 6: The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries, Jacques-Louis David, oil on canvas, 1812, National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, Public domain Figure 7: Portrait du Pape Pie VII, Jacques-Louis David, oil on panel, 1805, Musée du Louvre, Paris, Public domain Figure 8: La Girandola di Castel Sant'Angelo, Franz Theodor Aerni, painting, ca. 1874, Museo di Roma, Trastevere, Rome, Public domain Figure 9: The Grand Carousel in Honor of Christina of Sweden, Filippo Gagliardi and Filippo Lauri, oil on canvas, Museo di Roma, Palazzo Braschi, Rome, Public domain Figure 10: Grand Cascade, Peterhof Palace and Gardens, Detail of the Samson and the Lion Fountain, B.