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Flagellar, Cellular and Organismal Polarity in Volvox Carteri
SUNY Geneseo KnightScholar Biology Faculty/Staff Works Department of Biology 1993 Flagellar, cellular and organismal polarity in Volvox carteri Harold J. Hoops SUNY Geneseo Follow this and additional works at: https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/biology Recommended Citation Hoops H.J. (1993) Flagellar, cellular and organismal polarity in Volvox carteri. Journal of Cell Science 104: 105-117. doi: This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at KnightScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology Faculty/Staff Works by an authorized administrator of KnightScholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of Cell Science 104, 105-117 (1993) 105 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1993 Flagellar, cellular and organismal polarity in Volvox carteri Harold J. Hoops Department of Biology, 1 Circle Drive, SUNY-Genesco, Genesco, NY 14454, USA SUMMARY It has previously been shown that the flagellar appara- reorientation of flagellar apparatus components. This tus of the mature Volvox carteri somatic cell lacks the reorientation also results in the movement of the eye- 180˚ rotational symmetry typical of most unicellular spot from a position nearer one of the flagellar bases to green algae. This asymmetry has been postulated to be a position approximately equidistant between them. By the result of rotation of each half of the flagellar appa- analogy to Chlamydomonas, the anti side of the V. car - ratus. Here it is shown that V. carteri axonemes contain teri somatic cell faces the spheroid anterior, the syn side polarity markers that are similar to those found in faces the spheroid posterior. -
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016 April 1981 Revised, May 1982 2nd revision, April 1983 3rd revision, December 1999 4th revision, May 2011 Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce Ohio Department of Natural Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Wildlife Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Estuarine Reserves Division Columbus, Ohio 1305 East West Highway 43229-6693 Silver Spring, MD 20910 This management plan has been developed in accordance with NOAA regulations, including all provisions for public involvement. It is consistent with the congressional intent of Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, and the provisions of the Ohio Coastal Management Program. OWC NERR Management Plan, 2011 - 2016 Acknowledgements This management plan was prepared by the staff and Advisory Council of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR), in collaboration with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Division of Wildlife. Participants in the planning process included: Manager, Frank Lopez; Research Coordinator, Dr. David Klarer; Coastal Training Program Coordinator, Heather Elmer; Education Coordinator, Ann Keefe; Education Specialist Phoebe Van Zoest; and Office Assistant, Gloria Pasterak. Other Reserve staff including Dick Boyer and Marje Bernhardt contributed their expertise to numerous planning meetings. The Reserve is grateful for the input and recommendations provided by members of the Old Woman Creek NERR Advisory Council. The Reserve is appreciative of the review, guidance, and council of Division of Wildlife Executive Administrator Dave Scott and the mapping expertise of Keith Lott and the late Steve Barry. -
Lateral Gene Transfer of Anion-Conducting Channelrhodopsins Between Green Algae and Giant Viruses
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.15.042127; this version posted April 23, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 5 Lateral gene transfer of anion-conducting channelrhodopsins between green algae and giant viruses Andrey Rozenberg 1,5, Johannes Oppermann 2,5, Jonas Wietek 2,3, Rodrigo Gaston Fernandez Lahore 2, Ruth-Anne Sandaa 4, Gunnar Bratbak 4, Peter Hegemann 2,6, and Oded 10 Béjà 1,6 1Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. 2Institute for Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, Berlin 10115, Germany. 3Present address: Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann 15 Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. 4Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. 5These authors contributed equally: Andrey Rozenberg, Johannes Oppermann. 6These authors jointly supervised this work: Peter Hegemann, Oded Béjà. e-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected] 20 ABSTRACT Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are algal light-gated ion channels widely used as optogenetic tools for manipulating neuronal activity 1,2. Four ChR families are currently known. Green algal 3–5 and cryptophyte 6 cation-conducting ChRs (CCRs), cryptophyte anion-conducting ChRs (ACRs) 7, and the MerMAID ChRs 8. Here we 25 report the discovery of a new family of phylogenetically distinct ChRs encoded by marine giant viruses and acquired from their unicellular green algal prasinophyte hosts. -
Phylogenetic Analysis and Substitution Rate Estimation of Colonial Volvocine Algae Based on Mitochondrial Genomes
G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article Phylogenetic Analysis and Substitution Rate Estimation of Colonial Volvocine Algae Based on Mitochondrial Genomes Yuxin Hu 1,2, Weiyue Xing 1,2, Zhengyu Hu 3 and Guoxiang Liu 1,* 1 Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; [email protected] (Y.H.); [email protected] (W.X.) 2 School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-027-6878-0576 Received: 11 December 2019; Accepted: 15 January 2020; Published: 20 January 2020 Abstract: We sequenced the mitochondrial genome of six colonial volvocine algae, namely: Pandorina morum, Pandorina colemaniae, Volvulina compacta, Colemanosphaera angeleri, Colemanosphaera charkowiensi, and Yamagishiella unicocca. Previous studies have typically reconstructed the phylogenetic relationship between colonial volvocine algae based on chloroplast or nuclear genes. Here, we explore the validity of phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial protein-coding genes. Wefound phylogenetic incongruence of the genera Yamagishiella and Colemanosphaera. In Yamagishiella, the stochastic error and linkage group formed by the mitochondrial protein-coding genes prevent phylogenetic analyses from reflecting the true relationship. In Colemanosphaera, a different reconstruction approach revealed a different phylogenetic relationship. This incongruence may be because of the influence of biological factors, such as incomplete lineage sorting or horizontal gene transfer. We also analyzed the substitution rates in the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes between colonial volvocine algae. -
Phylogenetic Analysis of ''Volvocacae'
Phylogenetic analysis of ‘‘Volvocacae’’ for comparative genetic studies Annette W. Coleman† Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 Edited by Elisabeth Gantt, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, and approved September 28, 1999 (received for review June 30, 1999) Sequence analysis based on multiple isolates representing essen- most of those obtained previously with data for other DNA tially all genera and species of the classic family Volvocaeae has regions in identifying major clades and their relationships. clarified their phylogenetic relationships. Cloned internal tran- However, the expanded taxonomic coverage revealed additional scribed spacer sequences (ITS-1 and ITS-2, flanking the 5.8S gene of and unexpected relationships. the nuclear ribosomal gene cistrons) were aligned, guided by ITS transcript secondary structural features, and subjected to parsi- Materials and Methods mony and neighbor joining distance analysis. Results confirm the The algal isolates that form the basis of this study are listed below notion of a single common ancestor, and Chlamydomonas rein- and Volvocacean taxonomy is summarized in Table 1. The taxon harditii alone among all sequenced green unicells is most similar. names are those found in the culture collection listings. Included Interbreeding isolates were nearest neighbors on the evolutionary is the Culture Collection designation [University of Texas, tree in all cases. Some taxa, at whatever level, prove to be clades National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan), A.W.C. or by sequence comparisons, but others provide striking exceptions. R. C. Starr collection], an abbreviated name, and the GenBank The morphological species Pandorina morum, known to be wide- accession number. -
{Download PDF} Freshwater Life
FRESHWATER LIFE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Malcolm Greenhalgh,Denys Ovenden | 256 pages | 30 Mar 2007 | HarperCollins Publishers | 9780007177776 | English | London, United Kingdom Freshwater Life PDF Book Classes of organisms found in marine ecosystems include brown algae , dinoflagellates , corals , cephalopods , echinoderms , and sharks. Gastrotrichs phylum: Gastrotricha are small and flat worms very hairy whose body ends with two quite large appendixes. In fact, many of them are equipped with one or two or even more flagella. But this was no typical love story. Figure 9 - Pediastrum sp. Once it leaves the freshwater, it does not eat, and so after it spawns its energy reserves are used up and it dies. You can see that life on Earth survives on what is essentially only a "drop in the bucket" of Earth's total water supply! Anisonema Figure 7 is an alga lacking in chloroplasts which feeds on organic detritus. Figure 13 - Spirogyrae in conjugation. Download as PDF Printable version. The simple study of animal behaviour whilst sitting on the edge of a pond is also useful. Adult freshwater snails are capable of exploits which are difficult to imagine. They are also known as Cyanophyceae because of their blue- green colour. Wetlands can be part of the lentic system, as they form naturally along most lake shores, the width of the wetland and littoral zone being dependent upon the slope of the shoreline and the amount of natural change in water levels, within and among years. Survey Manual. This region is called the thermocline. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. -
Using New Strains of “Volvox Africanus”
RESEARCH ARTICLE Delineating a New Heterothallic Species of Volvox (Volvocaceae, Chlorophyceae) Using New Strains of “Volvox africanus” Hisayoshi Nozaki1*, Ryo Matsuzaki1, Kayoko Yamamoto1, Masanobu Kawachi2, Fumio Takahashi3 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 2 Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, 3 Ritsumeikan University, College of Life Sciences, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan * [email protected] Abstract The volvocine algae represent an excellent model lineage in which to study evolution of female and male genders based on comparative analyses of related species. Among these OPEN ACCESS species, Volvox carteri has been extensively studied as a model of an oogamous and com- plex organism. However, it may have unique derived features that are not present in other Citation: Nozaki H, Matsuzaki R, Yamamoto K, Kawachi M, Takahashi F (2015) Delineating a New species of Volvox. Therefore, information regarding the characteristics of sexual reproduc- Heterothallic Species of Volvox (Volvocaceae, tion of other species of Volvox is also important. In 1971, Starr studied four types of sexuality “Volvox Chlorophyceae) Using New Strains of in several global strains identified as Volvox africanus; however, further taxonomic studies africanus”. PLoS ONE 10(11): e0142632. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142632 of these strains have been lacking, and strains of three of the four sexual types are not avail- able. Here, we studied the morphology, sexual reproduction, and taxonomy of two V. africa- Editor: James G. Umen, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, UNITED STATES nus-like species isolated recently from Lake Biwa, Japan. -
Identification of Freshwater Invertebrates
Identification of Freshwater Invertebrates © 2008 Pennsylvania Sea Grant To request copies, please contact: Sara Grisé email: [email protected] Table of Contents A. Benthic Macroinvertebrates……………………….………………...........…………1 Arachnida………………………………..………………….............….…2 Bivalvia……………………...…………………….………….........…..…3 Clitellata……………………..………………….………………........…...5 Gastropoda………………………………………………………..............6 Hydrozoa………………………………………………….…………....…8 Insecta……………………..…………………….…………......…..……..9 Malacostraca………………………………………………....…….…....22 Turbellaria…………………………………………….….…..........…… 24 B. Plankton…………………………………………...……….………………............25 Phytoplankton Bacillariophyta……………………..……………………...……….........26 Chlorophyta………………………………………….....…………..........28 Cyanobacteria…...……………………………………………..…….…..32 Gamophyta…………………………………….…………...….…..…….35 Pyrrophycophyta………………………………………………………...36 Zooplankton Arthropoda……………………………………………………………....37 Ciliophora……………………………………………………………......41 Rotifera………………………………………………………………......43 References………………………………………………………….……………….....46 Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms according to their characteris- tics. All living organisms are classified into seven levels: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. This book classifies Benthic Macroinvertebrates by using their Class, Family, Genus, and Species. The Classes are the categories at the top of the page in colored text corresponding to the color of the page. The Family is listed below the common name, and the Genus and Spe- cies names -
Chlamydomonas Schloesseri Sp. Nov. (Chlamydophyceae, Chlorophyta) Revealed by Morphology, Autolysin Cross Experiments, and Multiple Gene Analyses
Phytotaxa 362 (1): 021–038 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.362.1.2 Chlamydomonas schloesseri sp. nov. (Chlamydophyceae, Chlorophyta) revealed by morphology, autolysin cross experiments, and multiple gene analyses THOMAS PRÖSCHOLD1, TATYANA DARIENKO2,3, LOTHAR KRIENITZ4 & ANNETTE W. COLEMAN5 1 University of Innsbruck, Research Department for Limnology, A-5310 Mondsee, Austria 2 University of Göttingen, Experimental Phycology and Culture Collection of Algae, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany 3 M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy Science of Ukraine, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine 4 Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Limnology of Stratified Lakes, D-16775 Stechlin-Neu- globsow, Germany 5 Brown University, Division of Biology and Medicine, Providence RI-02912, USA Correspondence: Thomas Pröschold, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Chlamydomonas in the traditional sense is one of the largest green algal genera, comprising more than 500 described species. However, since the designation of the model organism C. reinhardtii as conserved type of this genus in 2007, only two spe- cies remained in Chlamydomonas. Investigations of three new strains isolated from soil samples, which were collected near Lake Nakuru (Kenya), demonstrated that the isolates represent a new species of Chlamydomonas. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear SSU and ITS rDNA and plastid-coding rbcL sequences have clearly revealed that this species is closely related to C. reinhardtii and C. incerta. These results were confirmed by cross experiments of sporangium wall autolysins (VLE). All species belonged to the VLE group 1 sensu Schlösser. -
Studies on the Influence of Microcystis Aeruginosa on the Ecology and Fish Production of Carp Culture Ponds
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 8 (9), pp. 1911-1918, 4 May, 2009 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB ISSN 1684–5315 © 2009 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Studies on the influence of Microcystis aeruginosa on the ecology and fish production of carp culture ponds P. Padmavathi* and K. Veeraiah Department of Zoology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar - 522 510, A.P., India. Accepted 26 December, 2008 In many fish ponds, blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) constitute the greater part of the phytoplankton. Of the blue-green algae common in fish ponds, Microcystis aeruginosa is said to be a noxious species. It sometimes forms spectacular water blooms, often with harmful consequences such as depletion of oxygen, poor growth of fish and even mass mortality among the fish. The present study was aimed at investigating the influence of different levels of M. aeruginosa on the water quality and fish production of carp culture ponds. For the present study, three carp culture ponds with high, moderate and low levels of M. aeruginosa were selected. In the three ponds, physico-chemical parameters of water, phyto- and zooplankton and fish production were studied. The results indicated that the fish yield was low with concomitant fish mortalities in the pond with high levels of M. aeruginosa compared to the other two ponds. The influence of the different levels of M. aeruginosa on other planktonic groups and in turn their effect on fish production were analyzed and discussed in the light of the existing literature. Key words: Cyanobacteria, algal blooms, Microcystis, phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish production, carp culture ponds. -
By Matthew George Heffel B.S., Kansas State University, 2019 A
Pandorina morum genome assembly, annotation, and analysis by Matthew George Heffel B.S., Kansas State University, 2019 A THESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2020 Approved by: Major Professor Bradly J. S. C. Olson Copyright © Matthew G. Heffel 2020. Abstract The evolution of multicellularity is a major evolutionary transition that leads to increased organismal complexity and has occurred various times in multiple domains of life. Despite its common occurrence, the evolution of multicellularity is not yet well understood largely due to genetic signatures being lost due to deep divergence between unicellular and multicellular lineages. The volvocine algae have recently made the transition to multicellularity (200 MYA) and cover a large range of morphologies, including unicellular Chlamydomonas, undifferentiated multicellular Gonium (8-16 cells), multicellular isogamous Pandorina (8-16 cells), multicellular isogamous Yamagishiella (32 cells), multicellular anisogamous Eudorina (32 cells), and multicellular differentiated Volvox with germ-soma division of labor (>500 cells). Using modern sequencing techniques, here, the genome of Pandorina morum is sequenced, assembled, and annotated. Brief comparative genomics work shows gene orthology to related volvocine species as well as a common trend of progressive gene loss occurring at a higher rate than gene gain and organismal complexity increases. -
Freshwater Algae in Britain and Ireland - Bibliography
Freshwater algae in Britain and Ireland - Bibliography Floras, monographs, articles with records and environmental information, together with papers dealing with taxonomic/nomenclatural changes since 2003 (previous update of ‘Coded List’) as well as those helpful for identification purposes. Theses are listed only where available online and include unpublished information. Useful websites are listed at the end of the bibliography. Further links to relevant information (catalogues, websites, photocatalogues) can be found on the site managed by the British Phycological Society (http://www.brphycsoc.org/links.lasso). Abbas A, Godward MBE (1964) Cytology in relation to taxonomy in Chaetophorales. Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 58: 499–597. Abbott J, Emsley F, Hick T, Stubbins J, Turner WB, West W (1886) Contributions to a fauna and flora of West Yorkshire: algae (exclusive of Diatomaceae). Transactions of the Leeds Naturalists' Club and Scientific Association 1: 69–78, pl.1. Acton E (1909) Coccomyxa subellipsoidea, a new member of the Palmellaceae. Annals of Botany 23: 537–573. Acton E (1916a) On the structure and origin of Cladophora-balls. New Phytologist 15: 1–10. Acton E (1916b) On a new penetrating alga. New Phytologist 15: 97–102. Acton E (1916c) Studies on the nuclear division in desmids. 1. Hyalotheca dissiliens (Smith) Bréb. Annals of Botany 30: 379–382. Adams J (1908) A synopsis of Irish algae, freshwater and marine. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 27B: 11–60. Ahmadjian V (1967) A guide to the algae occurring as lichen symbionts: isolation, culture, cultural physiology and identification. Phycologia 6: 127–166 Allanson BR (1973) The fine structure of the periphyton of Chara sp.