Using Digital Technologies to Enhance the Design and Fabrication of Facades

Andrew Kiel Sauerbruch Hutton Architekten beehouses munich Using Digital Technologies to Enhance the Design and Fabrication of Facades

Themes: 1. Digital Design / Modularity using Parameters and Constraints 2. Digital Production of Fritted Glazing 3. 3D Support for challenging Montage Situations

Andrew Kiel

Sauerbruch Hutton Architekten beehouses munich How to define Modular? Modularity means an unremitting search for and negotiation of the balance between flexibility on the one hand, and material decisions on the other. universal design quarter hamburg

client Dritte PRIMUS Projekt GmbH a joint-venture of PRIMUS and Senectus

brief Master plan for a mixed-use quarter with housing, retail, commercial units, childcare centre, recreational facilities

size 14 700 sq m

competition 2014, 1st prize employing the principles of universal design – sustainability, simplicity, flexibility and inclusiveness – modules combine to create attractive dwellings and form an integrated urban ensemble.

universal design quarter hamburg universal design quarter hamburg Close collaboration with contractors began at stage 2, and continued throughout the process.

universal design quarter hamburg universal design quarter hamburg universal design quarter hamburg universal design quarter hamburg universal design quarter hamburg universal design quarter hamburg experimenta heilbronn

client Schwarz Real Estate brief science center, 3-d cinema, workshops, restaurant size 18 000 sq m completion 2019 To some extent, the construction of this building, the Experimenta in Heilbronn, can be said to have an experimental character. The structure forms the basis of the facade geometry and consists of stacked, floor-to- floor trusses, from which the transparent levels of the spiral path are suspended from thin tensile rods.

Loads taken up by the trusses are either transferred to other trusses by a minimum of columns or transferred directly across overlapping truss geometries to the building foundations. The entire envelope is supported by 7 columns at ground level. experimenta heilbronn experimenta heilbronn This complex structure follows a modular geometry. Together with the firm „Digitales Bauen“ in Karlsruhe, we developed a parametric mathematical model to describe this structural and facade geometry. Because the structure interpenetrates the building floor levels, and rotations from floor to floor complicate this already complex geometry, a three-dimensional parametric model was developed, incorporating constraints in order to develop a modular grid structure for the envelope. The result allowed us to simulate the relationships of structure, facade and module simultaneously at all levels with various increments, set up as constraints. Preliminary Design Stage: Design Development: 10cm facade non-modular, non- and structural module in 3D rounded dimensions The geometry at the Preliminary Design stage, resulting from an iterative design process, was further refined during Design Development. With 3D parametrics, structure and facade could be fitted to a 10cm module „restraint“. Three-dimensional parametrics was of especial importance at the facade segments between floors. Here, the parametric model „moved“ along a constraint of 10cm intervals, changing angle automatically. Interdependent geometric situations involving overlapping floor levels and based on structural neccessities (interpenetrating columns), were able to be resolved and organised within the 10cm module. Facade elevations demonstrate the results of modular planning: the glazing panels could be reduced to a few basic types with lengths based on multiples of 10cm. Standard modular elements are shown in blue, independent elements in green. Each element has ist own identification and „address“, reflecting its management within a databank.

Most of the facade could be realised with a total of 45 modules, resulting in optimised planning and production economy. Digital Production of fritted Glazing

Advantages over Silkscreen-Production:

Improvement of Transparency due to greater precision of printing, smaller threshold for dot-matrix prints

experimenta heilbronn Mockup Facade with 50% and 40% silk-screen dot matrix fritting

experimenta heilbronn silk-screen 50% / 40% dot-matrix 3mm silkscreen / 2mm digital dot-matrix experimenta heilbronn experimenta heilbronn 3D Planning for Challenging Montage Situations

experimenta heilbronn experimenta heilbronn The Talentschmiede or Studios, where youth explore their potential talents at the Experimenta, are – like the building itself – organised as stacked volumes, their facades are attached to the steel floor construction in a way that balances compression and tension

Fassade V-Fachwerk 3d – Darstellung (hier exemplarisch Fassade Variante 2 / Blick von der Raum-Zeit-Spirale Stahl-PR-Innenverglasung aus Schallschutz- Isoliersicherheitsgläsern) Fassade V-Fachwerk Variante „Value Engineering“ (3x3) 3d – Darstellung (hier exemplarisch Fassade Variante 1 / Blick von der Raum-Zeit-Spirale Stahl-PR-Innenverglasung aus Schallschutz- Verbundsicherheitsgläsern) Fassade V-Fachwerk Variante „Architectural Concept“ (3x6) Außen: 3x3m Isolierscheibe 900 kg

Außen: 3x3m Isolierscheibe 900 kg

Schnitt / Ansicht Ausschnitt Fassade V-Fachwerk Fassade Variante 2 3x6 Scheibe, 900 kg Innen: 3x2,40m VSG-Scheibe jeweils 290 kg

Außen: 3x6m VSG-Scheibe 900 kg

Innen: 3x2,40m VSG-Scheibe jeweils 290 kg

Schnitt / Ansicht Ausschnitt Fassade V-Fachwerk Fassade Variante 1 3x6m Scheibe außen, 3x2,4m Scheibe innen Detail Horizontalschnitt Pfosten FassadeFassade V-Fachwerk Variante 2 Facade Planning: Sauerbruch Hutton in Collaboration with DS Plan

Detail Horizontalschnitt Pfosten FassadeFassade V-Fachwerk Variante 1 Experimenta Heilbronn Projektleiterbesprechung 12.05.16 sauerbruch hutton

Studies created by Sauerbruch Hutton During Planing Phase 3-5 Mietgerät: Montage der inneren Glasscheibe bei Variante 1 in collaboration with Fassade V-Fachwerk Fa. Octatube Transportweg sichergestellt über Lastaufzug Beim Austausch Gläser muss Möblierung ggf. verschoben werden. Experimenta Heilbronn Projektleiterbesprechung 12.05.16 sauerbruch hutton

Glastransport Einbringung von innen mitFassade interne VKrananlage-Fachwerk Zerlegbar und in UG gelagert Experimenta Heilbronn Projektleiterbesprechung 12.05.16 sauerbruch hutton

Glastransport EinbringungFassade V- Fachwerkvon innen mit interne Krananlage Experimenta Heilbronn Projektleiterbesprechung 12.05.16 sauerbruch hutton

vertikale Montage- und Reinigungskorridore im Atrium Fassade V-Fachwerk 47 Experimenta Heilbronn Projektleiterbesprechung 12.05.16 sauerbruch hutton

Reinigungskorb Fassade V-Fachwerk experimenta heilbronn Studies created by Sauerbruch Hutton During LPH 5-8 in collaboration with Fa. Octatube, Delft NL experimenta heilbronn experimenta heilbronn experimenta heilbronn experimenta heilbronn The resulting glazed volumes seem to be suspended in space - a kind of slippage that underscores the design concept of stacked volumes. At the same time, the 2,40m accesible volume has an almost domestic scale. experimenta heilbronn that was:

Using Digital Technologies to Enhance the Design and Fabrication of Facades

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