neonate umbilical cord
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germinal stage placenta
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blastocyst embryonic stage
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embryonic disk cephalocaudal
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trophoblast proximodistal
Chapter 3 Chapter 3 A tube that connects the fetus to the placenta. A newborn baby.
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An organ connected to the uterine wall and to the fetus by the umbilical cord. The placenta The period of development between conception serves as a filter between mother and fetus for and the implantation of the embryo. the exchange of nutrients and wastes.
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The stage of prenatal development that lasts A stage within the germinal period of prenatal from implantation through the eighth week of development in which the zygote has the form pregnancy; it is characterized by the of a sphere of cells surrounding a cavity of fluid. development of the major organ systems.
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The platelike inner part of the blastocyst that From head to tail. differentiates into the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm of the embryo.
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The outer part of the blastocyst from which the From the inner part (or axis) of the body amniotic sac, placenta, and umbilical cord outward. develop.
Chapter 3 Chapter 3 ectoderm amniotic sac
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neural tube amniotic fluid
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endoderm fetal stage
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mesoderm stillbirth
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androgens teratogens
Chapter 3 Chapter 3 The outermost cell layer of the newly formed The sac containing the fetus. embryo from which the skin and nervous system develop.
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A structure that forms in the ectoderm during Fluid within the amniotic sac that suspends and the embryonic stage, from which the nervous protects the fetus. system develops.
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The stage of development that lasts from the beginning of the ninth week of pregnancy The inner layer of the embryo from which the through birth; it is characterized by gains in size lungs and digestive system develop. and weight and by maturation of the organ systems.
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The central layer of the embryo from which the The delivery of a dead fetus. bones and muscles develop.
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Environmental influences or agents that can Male sex hormones. damage the embryo or fetus.
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syphilis premature
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congenital Rh incompatibility
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HIV/AIDS thalidomide
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rubella progestin
Chapter 3 Chapter 3 A life-threatening disease that can afflict In this usage, a period during which an embryo pregnant women; it is characterized by high or fetus is particularly vulnerable to a certain blood pressure. teratogen.
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A sexually transmitted infection that, in Born before the full term of gestation. Also advanced stages, can attack major organ referred to as preterm. systems.
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A condition in which antibodies produced by Present at birth; resulting from the prenatal the mother are transmitted to the child, possibly environment. causing brain damage or death.
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HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which cripples the body’s immune system. AIDS A sedative used in the 1960s that has been stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, a linked to birth defects, especially deformed or condition in which the immune system is absent limbs. weakened and the body becomes vulnerable to a variety of fatal illnesses.
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A viral infection that can cause retardation and A hormone used to maintain pregnancy that heart disease in the embryo. Also called German can cause masculinization of the fetus. measles.
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fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
Chapter 3 Diethylstilbestrol, an estrogen that has been linked to cancer in the reproductive organs of children of women who used the hormone when pregnant.
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A cluster of symptoms shown by children of women who drank heavily during pregnancy, including characteristic facial features and mental retardation.
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