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Snow Slide Victims Location Identification and Rescue System

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Snow Slide Victims Location Identification and Rescue System DOI 10.4010/2016.1130 ISSN 2321 3361 © 2016 IJESC Research Article Volume 6 Issue No. 5 Snow Slide Victims Location Identification And Rescue System Jeevitha.S1, Harish.I2 M.E-EST1, Assistant Professor2 Department of ECE Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: Natural disasters including floods, snowstorms, blizzards, hurricanes, tornados, and extreme weather conditions such as heavy snow and ice can create emergencysituations.Due to snow slide many people are getting in trouble without any prior knowledge.At present there is no system to identify and rescue people who are under trouble. This project introduces the system to help people who are undertrouble in case of snow slide.Our system includes global positioning system(GPS) to track the location of the person which is interfaced with arduino controller. In addition to it temperature sensor and heartbeat sensor is used. They are used to sense the temperature of the locationand sense the heartbeat rate of the person respectively. To view these details we are using android app which shows the location of the person in trouble, temperature of the location and heartbeat rate. The details is viewed via LCD display and to identify the distance from us to troubled person we are using beacon device. Keywords- Component; ARDUINO, ZIGBEE, GPS, Temperature measurement, Heart Beat measurement, LCD Display,Beacon Module I. INTRODUCTION Gyllerup et al. (8) found significant associations between cardiovascular mortality and temperature exposure among On January 6-8-1996, severe winter storms struckthe both sexes and all age groups. The strongest association eastern United States. From Arkansas east through the was observed for men 40-64 years of age. Cold Carolinas and north to Maine, the death troll attributed to temperatures explained coronary mortality better than the the blizzard of 1996 arose to 154 people. More than half of four strongest socioeconomic factors combined and for these deaths occurred in the state of Pennsylvania alone, men aged 40-64 years, temperature exposure was more where daily snowfalls at times exceeded 30 inches (76.2 strongly associated with coronary mortality than was a cm). Some weather stations reported more than 50 inches combination of tobacco use, serum cholesterol and the use (127 cm) of snow on the ground in the days after the of antihypertensive drugs (9, 10)Microcontroller Based blizzard (1, 2). Januarytemperature readings in Wireless Temperature and Heart Beat Read Out are Pennsylvania fluctuated from a high of 67°F (19.4°C) to a suitable for operation in a snow slide. This system is easy low of -27°F (-32.8'C).Previous studies have suggested that to operate with Visual LCD. weather events can affect mortality. In Massachusetts and Rhode Island, Glass and Zack (3) observed that deaths II. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY fromischemic heart diseasearose significantly (8 percent) during and in the week immediately following blizzards. The proposed hardware of this system includes Arduino, Beacon module, Temperature and Heat Beat sensors, Number of deaths from ischemic heart disease accounted ZIGBEE, GPS and LCD. The system is low cost & low for 90 percent of these excess deaths. Faich and Rose (4) power consuming so that anybody can afford it. This also reported that mortality increased from 27 deaths per system is to help the people who are in trouble due to the day (the average number of deaths from the same time cause of snow slide. Our system includes global positioning period of the previous 5 years) to 48 deaths on the day of system (GPS) to track the location of the person which is the storm. Larsen (5, 6) found that unusually cold weather interfaced with arduino controller. In addition to that from September to June was associated with a proportional temperature sensor and heartbeat sensor is used. increase in the crude death rate in the United States and that Temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the cold temperatures were followed by higher mortality for all location and heartbeat sensor is used to sense the heartbeat cause of death categories except malignant neoplasms. A rate of the person. To view these details we are using similar study in Britain (7) determined that deaths from android app which shows the location of the troubled circulatory and respiratory diseases rose markedly during person, temperature of the location and heartbeat rate. The the winter months. details areviewed via LCD display. International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, May 2016 4515 http://ijesc.org/ Figure 2: Temperature Sensor B. Pulse rate Sensor Heart rate data can be really useful whether you’re designing an exercise routine, studying your activity or anxiety levels or just want your shirt to blink with your heart beat. The problem is that heart rate can be difficult to measure. Luckily, the Pulse Sensor Amped can solve that problem. The Pulse Sensor Amped is a plug-and-play heart-rate sensor for Arduino. It can be used by students, artists, Figure 1: Overall controlling structure athletes, makers, and game & mobile developers who want A. Temperature sensor to easily incorporate live heart-rate data into their projects.It essentially combines a simple optical heart rate The LM35 series are precision integrated circuit sensor with amplification and noise cancellation circuitry temperature sensors were output voltage is linearly making it fast and easy to get reliable pulse readings. Also, proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The it sips power with just 4mA current draw at 5V so it’s great LM35 has an advantage over linear temperature sensors for mobile applications. calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain Simply clip the Pulse Sensor to your earlobe or finger tip convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 does not require and plug it into your 3 or 5 Volt Arduino and you’re ready any external calibration or trimming to provide typical to read heart rate! The 24" cable on the Pulse Sensor is accuracies of ±1⁄4°C at room temperature and ±3⁄4°C over terminated with standard male headers so there’s no a full −55 to +150°C temperature vary. Low cost is assured soldering required. Of course Arduino example code is by trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The LM35’s available as well as a Processing sketch for visualizing low output impedance, linear output, and precise inherent heart rate data. calibration make interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy. It may be used with single phase supplies A heart rate monitor is a personal monitoring device that or with plus and minus supplies. As it draws only 60 μAit allows one to measure one's heart rate in real time or record has very low self-heating, less than 0.1°C in still air. The the heart rate for later study. It is largely used by LM35 is rated to control over a −55° to +150°C performers of various types of physical exercise.Modern temperature range, while the LM35C is rated for a −40° to heart rate monitors usually comprise two elements: a chest +110°C range (−10° with improved accuracy). The LM35 strap transmitter and a wrist receiver (which usually series is offered packaged in hermetic TO-46 doubles as a watch) or mobile phone. In early plastic straps, semiconductor packages, while the LM35C, LM35CA, and water or liquid was required to get good performance. Later LM35D are also available in the plastic TO-92 units have used conductive smart fabric with built-in semiconductor package. The LM35D is also available in an microprocessors that analyze the EKG signal to determine 8-lead surface mount small outline package and a plastic heart rate.Strapless heart rate monitors (often referred to as TO-220 package. "wearables") now allow the user to just touch two sensors on a wristwatch display for a few seconds to view heart rate data. These are popular for comfort and ease of use, though International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, May 2016 4516 http://ijesc.org/ they don't give as much detail as monitors that use a chest computer code are similar in nature, but not over-the-air strap.More advanced models offer measurements of heart compatible. Devices running ZNet 2.5 computer code rate variability, activity, and breathing rate to assess cannot talk to devices running the ZB computer code. parameters relating to a subject's fitness. Sensor fusion algorithms allow these monitors to detect core temperature and dehydration.Another style of heart rate monitor replaces the plastic around-the-chest strap with fabric sensors the most common of these is a sports bra for women that includes sensors in the fabric.In old versions, when a heart beat is detected a radio signal is transmitted, which the receiver uses to determine the current heart rate. This signal can be a simple radio pulse or a unique coded signal from the chest strap (such asBluetooth, ANT, or other low-power radio link); the latter prevents one user's receiver from using signals from other nearby transmitters (known as cross-talk interference).Newer versions include a microprocessor, which is continuously monitoring the Fig 3: Zigbee Communication EKG and calculating the heart rate, and other parameters. These may include accelerometers that can detect speed D. ARDUINO and distance, eliminating the need for foot worn Arduino is an open-source computer hardware and software devices.There is a wide number of receiver designs, with company project and user community that designs and various features. These include average heart rate over manufactures microcontrollerbased kits for building digital exercise period, time in a specific heart rate zone, calories devices and interactive objects that can sense and control burned, breathing rate, built-in speed and distance, and objects in the physical world.
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