The Netherlands 1940 Intelligence Briefing PDF
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'The Fortified City. History of a City's Defences' on Show from 12 September
PRESS RELEASE Utrecht, 10 September 2020 'THE FORTIFIED CITY. HISTORY OF A CITY’S DEFENCES' ON SHOW FROM 12 SEPTEMBER CENTRAAL MUSEUM EXPLORES THE QUEST FOR SAFETY 12 SEPTEMBER TO 17 JANUARY (HR images available for download here) On 12 September, Centraal Museum Utrecht opens the exhibition The Fortified City. History of a city’s defences. The exhibition explores man’s age-old quest for safety and protection and the role fulfilled by city fortifications for many centuries. The story is told in much detail, presenting historical weaponry, 3D reconstructions, animations, miniatures, drawings, paintings and archaeological finds. It runs from a relief of Cain and Abel to an airplane engine: the weapon that finally made city walls obsolete. As the oldest municipal museum in the Netherlands, Centraal Museum has a vast collection on which to draw to recount this history. Utrecht was also the first city in the Netherlands granted the right to build city fortifications. The exhibition includes many outstanding loan pieces from private and museum collections from both within and outside the Netherlands, including drawings and paintings by Salomon van Ruysdael, Herman Saftleven and Joost Cornelisz. Droochsloot. The Fortified City is on show until 17 January 2021. Left: Reconstruction of a square tuff stone wall with tower, 12th century. Daan Claessen Erfgoed Utrecht. Right: J.C. Droochsloot, The Siege of Castle Vredenburg in Utrecht in 1577, 1646. Collection Centraal Museum. The battle begins: weapons and protection For a long time people used weapons that were actually designed for other purposes, such as axes, spears and bow-and-arrow. -
Water – Its Control and Combination Multifunctionality and Flood Defences
Water – its control and combination Multifunctionality and flood defences June 2013 Water – its control and combination Multifunctionality and flood defences AT Osborne Deltares June 2013 Commissioned by the Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management Imprint This book was co-produced by AT Osborne and Deltares, as commissioned by the project Strategic Outlooks of the Dutch Directorate- General for Public Works and Water Management. Part of the research was sponsored by the Next Generation Infrastructures Institute www.nextgenerationinfrastructures.eu. For further information, please contact: The Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management Rik Jonker [email protected] AT Osborne Jurgen van der Heijden [email protected] Deltares Mónica Altamirano [email protected] Preface Preface In 2014 the Dutch government will take important decisions regarding flood protection. For the water boards, the Dutch Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management, provinces, municipalities and companies these decisions will bring about important new tasks. Measures to control water will become more and more part of integrated area development. In 2014 the new Dutch Flood Protection Programme will start. This programme furthers to explore the integration of water control in the development of areas as a whole. What is this really? Also, what’s the demand of this on the cooperation of all involved parties? Against this background the Project Strategic Outlooks of the Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management asked AT Osborne and Deltares to map the possibilities of combining functions within in the area of water control. Question was also what this demands from the involved parties regarding their cooperation. -
The Art of Staying Neutral the Netherlands in the First World War, 1914-1918
9 789053 568187 abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 1 THE ART OF STAYING NEUTRAL abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 2 abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 3 The Art of Staying Neutral The Netherlands in the First World War, 1914-1918 Maartje M. Abbenhuis abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 4 Cover illustration: Dutch Border Patrols, © Spaarnestad Fotoarchief Cover design: Mesika Design, Hilversum Layout: PROgrafici, Goes isbn-10 90 5356 818 2 isbn-13 978 90 5356 8187 nur 689 © Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2006 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. abbenhuis06 11-04-2006 17:29 Pagina 5 Table of Contents List of Tables, Maps and Illustrations / 9 Acknowledgements / 11 Preface by Piet de Rooij / 13 Introduction: The War Knocked on Our Door, It Did Not Step Inside: / 17 The Netherlands and the Great War Chapter 1: A Nation Too Small to Commit Great Stupidities: / 23 The Netherlands and Neutrality The Allure of Neutrality / 26 The Cornerstone of Northwest Europe / 30 Dutch Neutrality During the Great War / 35 Chapter 2: A Pack of Lions: The Dutch Armed Forces / 39 Strategies for Defending of the Indefensible / 39 Having to Do One’s Duty: Conscription / 41 Not True Reserves? Landweer and Landstorm Troops / 43 Few -
Dutch Arms Export Policy in 2018
Dutch Arms Export Policy in 2018 Report by the Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation and the Minister of Foreign Affairs on the export of military goods July 2019 Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 3 2. Profile of the Dutch defence industry ....................................................... 4 3. Procedures and principles ....................................................................... 6 3.1 Procedures .............................................................................................................................. 6 3.2 Changes in 2018 ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.3 Principles ................................................................................................................................ 7 4. Transparency in Dutch arms export policy ................................................ 8 4.1 Trade in military goods ........................................................................................................... 8 4.2 Trade in dual-use goods ......................................................................................................... 9 4.3 Procedures .............................................................................................................................. 9 5. Dutch arms export in 2018 .................................................................... 11 6. Relevant developments -
Chess Openings
Chess Openings PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Tue, 10 Jun 2014 09:50:30 UTC Contents Articles Overview 1 Chess opening 1 e4 Openings 25 King's Pawn Game 25 Open Game 29 Semi-Open Game 32 e4 Openings – King's Knight Openings 36 King's Knight Opening 36 Ruy Lopez 38 Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation 57 Italian Game 60 Hungarian Defense 63 Two Knights Defense 65 Fried Liver Attack 71 Giuoco Piano 73 Evans Gambit 78 Italian Gambit 82 Irish Gambit 83 Jerome Gambit 85 Blackburne Shilling Gambit 88 Scotch Game 90 Ponziani Opening 96 Inverted Hungarian Opening 102 Konstantinopolsky Opening 104 Three Knights Opening 105 Four Knights Game 107 Halloween Gambit 111 Philidor Defence 115 Elephant Gambit 119 Damiano Defence 122 Greco Defence 125 Gunderam Defense 127 Latvian Gambit 129 Rousseau Gambit 133 Petrov's Defence 136 e4 Openings – Sicilian Defence 140 Sicilian Defence 140 Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation 159 Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation 163 Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon 169 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attack, 9.Bc4 172 Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation 175 Sicilian Defence, Scheveningen Variation 181 Chekhover Sicilian 185 Wing Gambit 187 Smith-Morra Gambit 189 e4 Openings – Other variations 192 Bishop's Opening 192 Portuguese Opening 198 King's Gambit 200 Fischer Defense 206 Falkbeer Countergambit 208 Rice Gambit 210 Center Game 212 Danish Gambit 214 Lopez Opening 218 Napoleon Opening 219 Parham Attack 221 Vienna Game 224 Frankenstein-Dracula Variation 228 Alapin's Opening 231 French Defence 232 Caro-Kann Defence 245 Pirc Defence 256 Pirc Defence, Austrian Attack 261 Balogh Defense 263 Scandinavian Defense 265 Nimzowitsch Defence 269 Alekhine's Defence 271 Modern Defense 279 Monkey's Bum 282 Owen's Defence 285 St. -
9-04 New + Old Dutch Waterline
New + Old Dutch Waterline - 9 dagen DUTCH BIKETOURS - EMAIL: [email protected] - TELEPHONE +31 (0)24 3244712 - WWW.DUTCH-BIKETOURS.COM New + Old Dutch Waterline 9 days, € 850 Introduction Are you in search of the unexpected? This cycling tour through a unique military landscape is sure to keep you on your toes. The New Dutch Water defence Line (85 km long) was an ingenious defensive system of dikes, sluices, canals, low forts and bunkers. Today the Water Defence Line is a great area to explore by bike, scanning the green surroundings for signs of a military structure. Having been a military site, it was off-limits to the public for a long time, allowing wildlife to establish here. This effectively turned it into a green corridor, an attractive route for nature lovers. The New Dutch Water Line is the largest national monument in the country and is a UNESCO World Heritage site nominee. Because it blends into the green scenery, it is known as the Netherlands’ biggest secret. With this trip you can choose between category A (comfort) and category B (standard) accommodation. There is also a 7-day version of this trip, which ends in Gorinchem. Cycling along the New Dutch Water Line - bike touring in Th… Day to Day New + Old Dutch Waterline - 9 dagen Day 1 Arrival at Abcoude Your voyage of discovery starts in Abcoude. In his younger years, painter Piet Mondriaan was inspired by the idyll of this village and its surroundings and often cycled down here to paint landscapes. He painted the ‘Oostzijdse molen’ (windmill) over twenty times between 1902 and 1908. -
Maria Petyt's Support of the French King
240 Meeuwsen Chapter 8 Maria Petyt’s Support of the French King Veronie Meeuwsen Introduction A new text by Maria Petyt, which has not been edited before and has therefore remained unknown so far, provides an opportunity to scrutinize her spiritual- ity anew. The text consists of a collection of letters that Maria wrote to Michael of St. Augustine. All of them deal with the period of the Dutch War and Maria’s experience of it. The letters are well worth studying, because they make it clear that although Maria Petyt lived a secluded life, she was certainly concerned with the world outside her hermitage. This article examines the insight that the new text by Maria Petyt affords into her spirituality, focusing more specifically on her support of the French king and the discernment of spirits in this context. The text tells how Maria developed a preference for the French king and how she prayed for him from her hermitage. She speaks about sending angels to him and his army to assist them, and how she was concerned about him like a mother. She seemed to be advocating his cause so that Michael would also side with the French. Regard- ing her belief that it was God who sent her to help the French, we have to ask what role the discernment of spirits played in this. This spiritual practice was an important part of her religious life. In what follows I look at Maria’s own criteria of the discernment of spirits and how she applied them in her choices regarding the Dutch War so as to see how it worked and whether it failed or succeeded. -
OTHER QUEEN's PAWN OPENINGS They Start: 1. D2-D4 XABCDEFGH
OTHER QUEEN'S PAWN OPENINGS They start: 1. d2-d4 XABCDEFGH 8rsnlwqkvlntr( 7zppzppzppzpp' 6-+-+-+-+& 5+-+-+-+-% 4-+-zP-+-+$ 3+-+-+-+-# 2PzPP+PzPPzP" 1tRNvLQmKLsNR! Xabcdefgh In this book we look mainly at the Dutch Defence and openings where White plays d4 but not c4. WHITE SAYS: (If he's playing d4 but not c4): I don't care what your favourite defence is. I'll get in my favourite opening first and see what you can do against it. Go ahead and make my day. BLACK SAYS: (If he plays the Dutch Defence): You want the Queen side? Fine. Then I'll go ahead and take the King side. Your King had better watch out or he'll end up dead meat. XABCDEFGHY 8rsnlwq-trk+( 7zppzp-vl-zpp' The Classical Dutch. 6-+-zppsn-+& Black's plans are to play e6-e5 or to 5+-+-+p+-% attack on the King side with moves like 4-+-+-+-+$ Qd8-e8, Qe8-h5, g7-g5, g5-g4. White 3+-+-+-+-# will try to play e2-e4, open the e-file 2-+-+-+-+" and attack Black's weak e-pawn. For this reason he will usually develop his 1+-+-+-+-! King's Bishop on g2. xabcdefghy xABCDEFGH 8rsnlwq-trk+( 7zpp+-+-zpp' The Dutch Stonewall. 6-+pvlpsn-+& Black gains space but leaves a 5+-+p+p+-% weakness on e5. He can either play for 4-+-+-+-+$ a King side attack, again with Qd8-e8, 3+-+-+-+-# Qe8-h5, g7-g5, or play in the centre 2-+-+-+-+" with b7-b6 and c6-c5. White will aim to control or occupy the e5 square with a 1+-+-+-+-! Knight while trying to break with e2-e4. -
Timeline - May 1940
TIMELINE - MAY 1940 As the month begins the battle for Norway continues. Just to recap, German naval and ground forces had begun invading both Norway and Denmark on 9th April. Denmark had quickly capitulated but Norway had resisted. British forces were sent to Andalsnes on 18th April to 1st May, Namsos on 16th April to 3rd May, and Narvik from 15th April to 8th June. They were joined by Norwegian, French and Polish forces. But as May begins the evacuation of Allied troops from some of these areas is already underway and nearing completion. With the failure of the campaign for central Norway attention shifts to Narvik in the far north, strategically vital to the Germans for the shipping of iron ore from Sweden. 1 On 2nd May German troops reached Andalsnes, and on the following day Norwegian troops south of Trondheim surrendered to the Germans. The allied evacuation at Namsos was completed, but German aircraft located part of the evacuation fleet and sank the destroyers Afridi and Bison. The Bison was a French destroyer and she was the first to be sunk with the loss of 136 of her crew. The surviving crew were then picked up by the Afridi. But when that ship came under attack a further 35 of her crew were lost, along with 53 of the Afridi’s crew and 13 soldiers - the only casualties among the whole force of 12,000 troops evacuated from Åndalsnes and Namsos On 5th May the Battle of Hegra Fortress ended when the fortress capitulated. The Germans had now achieved complete victory on Norway’s southern front. -
Military Operations Netherlands
MILITARY OPERATIONS in the NETHERLANDS from 10th - 17th May, 1940 described by P.L.G. DOORMAN, O.B.E. Colonel of the Dutch General Staff Based upon material and data in the possession of the Netherlands Department of War in London Translated from the Dutch by S.L. Salzedo Published for THE NETHERLANDS GOVERNMENT INFORMATION BUREAU by GEORGE ALLEN & UNWIN LTD First published in June 1944 Second impression November 1944 THIS BOOK IS PRODUCED IN COMPLETE CONFORMITY WITH THE AUTHORIZED ECONOMY STANDARDS Printed in Great Britain by Gilling and Sons Ltd., Guildford and Esher CONTENTS PREFACE............................................................................................................. 3 FOREWORD ......................................................................................................... 3 I. THE TASK OF THE NETHERLANDS ARMED FORCES................................................. 4 II. THE FORCES AT THE DISPOSAL OF THE KINGDOM ............................................... 4 III. THE GEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTER OF THE NETHERLANDS FROM THE MILITARY STANDPOINT ....................................................................................................... 9 IV. THE NETHERLANDS PLAN OF OPERATIONS ....................................................... 12 V. CONSIDERATIONS IN RELATION TO THE NETHERLANDS PLAN OF OPERATIONS ...... 16 VI. EVENTS SHORTLY BEFORE THE OUTBREAK OF THE CONFLICT ............................. 19 VII. THE GERMAN PLAN OF OPERATIONS.............................................................. -
The King's Indian Attack
Neil McDonald The King’s Indian attack move by move www.everymanchess.com About the Author English Grandmaster Neil McDonald has firmly established himself as one of the world's leading chess writers, with many outstanding works to his name. He is also a respected chess coach, who has trained many of the UK's strongest junior players. Also by the author: Break the Rules! Chess Secrets: The Giants of Power Play Chess Secrets: The Giants of Strategy Concise Chess Endings Concise Chess Middlegames Concise Chess Openings Dutch Leningrad French Winawer How to Play against 1 e4 Main Line Caro Kann Modern Defence Play the Dutch Positional Sacrifices Practical Endgame Play Rudolf Spielmann: Master of Invention Starting Out: 1 e4 Starting Out: Queen's Gambit Declined Starting Out: The Dutch Defence Starting Out: The English Starting Out: The Réti The Ruy Lopez: Move by Move Contents About the Author 3 Introduction 5 1 KIA versus the French 7 2 KIA versus the Sicilian 70 3 KIA versus the Caro-Kann 118 4 KIA versus the Reversed King’s Indian Defence 162 5 KIA versus the ...Íf5 System 186 6 KIA versus the ...Íg4 System 240 7 KIA versus the Queen’s Indian 299 8 KIA versus the Dutch (and King’s Indian) 322 Index of Variations 344 Index of Complete Games 350 Introduction The King’s Indian Attack (or KIA) is a flexible opening system that can be employed by White after 1 Ìf3 or against the French, Sicilian, and Caro-Kann if he chooses to begin with 1 e4. -
Keep It Simple: 1.D4
Christof Sielecki Keep It Simple: 1.d4 A Solid and Straightforward Chess Opening Repertoire for White New In Chess 2019 Contents Preface ............................................................7 Building a 1.d4 repertoire............................................9 Part I Black’s classical/symmetrical set-ups: 1.d4 d5 2.♘f3 Introduction .........................................13 Chapter 1 Anti-Chigorin: 2...♘c6 .................................21 Chapter 2 Rare lines: 2...c5 . 30 Chapter 3 The Tarrasch Defence: 2...c5 3.c4 e6 .....................35 Chapter 4 Grünfeld Reversed – Black takes on d4 without 5...♘c6: 2...♘f6 3.g3 c5 4.♗g2 cxd4 5.0-0....................... 46 Chapter 5 Grünfeld Reversed – Black takes on d4 with 5...♘c6: 2...♘f6 3.g3 c5 4.♗g2 cxd4 5.0-0 ♘c6 ...................59 Chapter 6 Grünfeld Reversed – Black does not take on d4: 4...♘c6 5.0-0.........................................70 Chapter 7 Catalan – Introduction and sidelines: 2...♘f6 3.g3 e6.......88 Chapter 8 Catalan – Closed Variation: 4.♗g2 ♗e7 5.0-0 0-0 6.c4 .....96 Chapter 9 Catalan – Open Variation: 6...dxc4 .....................114 Chapter 10 Black stops c2-c4: 2...♘f6 3.g3 e6 4.♗g2 b5..............136 Chapter 11 ...♗f5 set-ups – Introduction and early deviations: 2...♘f6 3.g3 ♗f5 .....................................145 Chapter 12 ...♗f5 set-ups – Main line: 4.♗g2 c6 5.c4 e6 6.♘c3.......154 Chapter 13 ...♗g4 set-ups – Introduction and early deviations: 2...♘f6 3.g3 ♗g4 .....................................170 Chapter 14 ...♗g4 set-ups – Main line: 4.♗g2 c6 5.c4 ..............176 Part II Black’s ...g7-g6 based set-ups: 1.d4 ♘f6 2.♘f3 g6 3.g3 Introduction ........................................185 Chapter 15 King’s Indian: 3...♗g7 4.♗g2 0-0 5.0-0 d6 6.b3 e5 .......188 Chapter 16 King’s Indian: other 6th moves .......................201 Chapter 17 Grünfeld sidelines: 3...d5 .............................219 Chapter 18 Grünfeld: 4.♗g2 ♗g7 5.0-0 0-0 6.c4 dxc4 ..............226 Chapter 19 Grünfeld: 6...c6 .