DOCSLIB.ORG

UNIVERSITY of LONDON )Vy.0

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UNIVERSITY of LONDON )Vy.0 UNIVERSITY OF LONDON See over for Abstract of Thesis notes on completion Author (full names) &V .... .L.C?>A\'S.GL .................... ........................................................................... Title of thesis .0.0. Ot>A.......\...........................0 ...... CrfbQ <£,....... S k w ....l:\ShO.- . )y^~. ^ L , J l . )Vy. 0 ‘.At U . i L f t X Abstract This thesis examines the hypothesis that a pioneering group of Luso Indian medical doctors played a role in legitimating western medicine among indigenous elites in nineteenth century Bombay. The term Luso Indian is used here to refer specifically to indigenous Portuguese speaking Indians primarily from the populations known today as being East Indian and Goan. Chapter 1 of the thesis discusses definitions of ‘community’ and ‘identity’ in relationship to ‘caste,’ ‘race’ and ‘religion.’ The notion that our community formed a single and segregated entity is explored, using both official categories derived from the Census reports and ethnographical accounts and unofficial categories examined through an analysis of the popular Catholic press. Chapter 2 examines the role of Grant Medical College in providing a springboard for entry into the medical services of colonial Bombay. While the majority Hindu and Muslim population were constrained from embarking on a career in medicine by cultural and religious taboos, a number of Luso Indians availed themselves of opportunities offered at the college. The chapter also explores the medical groups and associations which attempted to create a professional medical community. The third chapter provides a study of the intellectual milieu in Bombay during the nineteenth century and a case study often prominent Luso Indians involved in the medical profession. Two of the sample are women, both of them were the wives of medical men included in this study, one was a doctor in her own right. A database of biographical material relating to a larger sample of Luso Indians in the medical profession is presented in the Appendix. The thesis concludes by suggesting that these Luso Indians played an important role in legitimising western medicine in India. ProQuest Number: 10673023 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673023 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Notes for Candidates 1 Type your abstract on the other side of this sheet. 2. Use single-space typing. Limit your abstract to one side of the sheet. 3. Send this copy of your abstract to: The Theses Assistant, University of London Library, Senate House, Malet Street, London, WC1E7HU - - ------ This abstract should be sent to the University Library at the same time you submit the copies of your thesis to the Higher Degree Examinations Office, Room 16, Senate House. 4. The University Library will circulate this sheet to ASLIB (Association of Special Libraries and Information Bureaux) for publication in Abstracts of Theses. For official use Subject Panel/Specialist Group BLLD ...................................... Date of Acceptance Community and Identity; A Case Study of Luso Indian Participation in the Medical Profession in Nineteenth Century Bombay Shirley Louise Gonsalves School of Oriental and African Studies University of London M.Phil 1 Abstract This thesis examines the hypothesis that a pioneering group of Luso Indian medical doctors played a role in Western medicine in nineteenth century Bombay. The term Luso Indian is used here to refer specifically to indigenous Portuguese speaking Indians primarily from the populations known today as being East Indian and Goan. Chapter 1 of the thesis discusses definitions of ‘community' and ‘identity5 in relationship to ‘caste,’ ‘race’ and ‘religion.’ The notion that our community formed a single and segregated entity is explored, using both official categories derived from the Census reports and ethnographical accounts and unofficial categories examined through an analysis of the popular Catholic press. Chapter 2 examines the role of Grant Medical College in providing a springboard for entry into the medical services of Colonial Bombay. While the majority Hindu and Muslim population were constrained from embarking on a career in medicine by cultural and religious taboos, a number of Luso Indians availed themselves of opportunities offered at the college. The chapter also explores the medical groups and associations which attempted to create a professional medical community. The third chapter provides a study of the intellectual milieu in Bombay during the nineteenth century and a case study of ten prominent Luso Indians involved in the medical profession. Two of the sample are women, both of them were the wives of medical men included in this study, one was a doctor in her own right. A database of biographical material relating to a larger sample of Luso Indians in the medical profession is presented in the Appendix. The thesis concludes by suggesting that these Luso Indians played an important role in the profession of Western medicine in India during thisperiod. 3 Table of Contents Community and Identity: A Case Study of Luso Indian Participation in the Medical Profession in Nineteenth Century Bombay Title Page: p.l. Declaration: p.2. A bstract: p.3. Table of Contents: p.4. Abbreviations: p.5. Acknowledgments: pp.6 - 7 Introduction : pp.8 - 16, Chapter One: Religion, Race and Language : Luso Indian' Identities' - and 'Communities' in Nineteenth Century Bombay. pp.17- 48. Chapter Two: Institutionalising Western Medicine: Grant Medical College and Medical Services in Bombay. pp. 49 - 68. Chapter Three: Biographical Survey: Methodology and Sources. pp. 69 - 78. Chapter Four: Adapting Colonial-Knowledge rthe Luso Indian Contribution to the Intellectual Life of Bombay Presidency. pp. 79 - 118. Conclusion: PP- 119 - 124. Appendix: (i) A List of Sources used to Compile The Database pp. 127 - 130. (ii) A Database of Seventy Luso Indian Doctors pp. 132-202. Bibliography: PP- 203 - 215. 4 Abbreviations BMU Bombay Medical Union DNB Dictionary of National Biogmphy DPI Director of Public Instruction FRCP Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians FRCS Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons FRCPS Fellow of the College of Physicians and Surgeons GD General Department Volumes, Maharashtra State Archives GMC Grant Medical College GCMS Grant College Medical Society JJ. Hospital Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy Hospital LM Licentiate of Medicine LM&S Licentiate of Medicine and Surgery LRCP Licentiate of Royal College of Physicians LRCS Licentiate of Royal College of Surgeons MSA Maharashtra State Archives MB Bachelor of Medicine MD Doctor of Medicine MRCP Member of the Royal College of Physicians MRCS Member of The Royal College of Surgeons n/a not available/ unknown TMPSB Transactions of the Medical and Physical Society o f Bombay 5 Acknowledgments The work described in this thesis was carried out whilst I was a part-time post graduate student at the School of Oriental and African Studies in the Department of History 2003-2008. I am most grateful to University of London Central Research Fund and to the School of Oriental and African Studies for a Fieldwork Award which made travel to and research in India possible. There have been a large number of people that have been invaluable in the complex process of researching and in writing this thesis. There are far to many to name individually. However, I would like to mention staff members at SO AS whose professional advice and guidance allowed me to complete this thesis, hi particular, I am most grateful for the academic supervision provided by Professor Tom Tomlinson. He has been so generous with his time and has so kindly provided helpful comments, diligent feedback and stimulating discussion. Other members of SO AS staff that have been such a great support to me over the last few years, include, Dr. John Campbell, Carol Riffkin at the Learning and Teaching Unit, Pam Radford of the Registry, Carol Miles in the Department of History and Rev. Dr. Humphrey Fisher, who although a retired member of staff, continues to provide inspiration friendship and encouragement. Dr. Mridula Ramanna from the University of Bombay and kindly provided important advice, encouragement and mentoring whilst I was in India. I am most grateful to Dr. Cristiana Bastos who so generously shared her research findings on the Medical School in Goa. I am most grateful to both John McBride and Dr. Kenneth Page for proof reading the thesis and making helpful suggestions and comments. A range of libraries and archives in the UK and -in India were consulted in researching this area. Staff members at the following institutions were extremely helpful in assisting me in my research: SOAS Library, The British Library, especially staff at the Indian Office Library; University Of London Library; The Library and Museum of Freemasonary, London, The Wellcome Library and Cambridge University Library, hi Mumbai the Maharashtra State Archives, Grant Medical College Library, Archbishop’s Ecclesiastic Archive, Bombay Asiatic Society Library, Bombay Natural History Library, Heras Institute of Indian History and Culture, especially to Fr. Joseph Velinkar and staff at Mumbai University Library, Fort, hi Goa, The Xavier’s Historical Research Centre, in particular 6 to Mrs Lila Maria D’Souza for kindly translating some Portuguese texts and to Fr. Delio de Mendonga for his help. Fr. Nascementio Mascarhenas was most supportive as were staff at the Menezes Braganza Library in Panjim. Staff at YWCA Mumbai, and at Nutford House London deserve a special mention for making my stay so pleasant.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Portuguese Language in Angola: Luso-Creoles' Missing Link? John M
    Portuguese language in Angola: luso-creoles' missing link? John M. Lipski {presented at annual meeting of the AATSP, San Diego, August 9, 1995} 0. Introduction Portuguese explorers first reached the Congo Basin in the late 15th century, beginning a linguistic and cultural presence that in some regions was to last for 500 years. In other areas of Africa, Portuguese-based creoles rapidly developed, while for several centuries pidginized Portuguese was a major lingua franca for the Atlantic slave trade, and has been implicated in the formation of many Afro- American creoles. The original Portuguese presence in southwestern Africa was confined to limited missionary activity, and to slave trading in coastal depots, but in the late 19th century, Portugal reentered the Congo-Angola region as a colonial power, committed to establishing permanent European settlements in Africa, and to Europeanizing the native African population. In the intervening centuries, Angola and the Portuguese Congo were the source of thousands of slaves sent to the Americas, whose language and culture profoundly influenced Latin American varieties of Portuguese and Spanish. Despite the key position of the Congo-Angola region for Ibero-American linguistic development, little is known of the continuing use of the Portuguese language by Africans in Congo-Angola during most of the five centuries in question. Only in recent years has some attention been directed to the Portuguese language spoken non-natively but extensively in Angola and Mozambique (Gonçalves 1983). In Angola, the urban second-language varieties of Portuguese, especially as spoken in the squatter communities of Luanda, have been referred to as Musseque Portuguese, a name derived from the KiMbundu term used to designate the shantytowns themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • 9 Said River, by Readily Believing Suspicions of Disloyalty and Treason
    9 said river, by readily believing suspicions of disloyalty and treason against Bemoym, or more truthfully because he wanted to return to the kingdom, he slew the said Bemoym with a sword, and then returned to this kingdom; whereat the king, being in Tavilla, grew very sad; and he overlooked this crime by Pero Vaaz, seeing that he did not visit heavy punishment upon him or many others who served it for the same reason; yet the king strongly disapproved of their killing him, since, being accomplices in such an error, they ought to have been treated as they treated him, because they had him freely in their power without offence or peril. Duarte Pacheco Pereira, Esmeraldo de Situ Orbis, pp. 21-24 The wealth of Africa (1508) As the Portuguese moved farther and farther along the coast of Africa, they reported on the great amounts of trade in which the local people engaged, the wealth and power of many of the communities, and the skill evident in the production of items such as delicately carved ivory necklaces and finely woven mats. This was a continent teeming with people and commerce. And where the Portuguese could not go, such as inland areas where the followers of Islam ruled, they imagined the existence of dog- faced people and men with bristles like those of pigs. Duarte Pacheco Pereira wrote this account of Africa’s wealth in 1505–8 after spending many years in the late 1400s as a ship’s captain employed by King John II of Portugal. He was involved in the building of Elmina Castle, traveled to India in the early 1500s, and returned to serve as governor of the castle from 1520 to 1522.
    [Show full text]
  • Bastos, C., 2008. from India to Brazil, with a Microscope and a Seat in Parliament
    From India to Brazil, with a microscope and a seat in Parliament: the life and work of Dr. Indalêncio Froilano de Melo1 By Cristiana Bastos Indalêncio Froilano de Melo was born in Benaulin, Goa, on the 17th of May 1887. His was a traditional family of Brahmin, Catholic, and landed local aristocrats of the pro- vince of Salcete. Like many other Goan families, they had been Catholics for centuries, had Portuguese names and were at ease with official hierarchies; at the same time, they ranked highly in a social structure that still acknowledged caste status. Moreover, Indalêncio’s father, Constâncio Fran- cisco de Melo, was a lawyer, while his mother, Delfina 1 The on-going analysis included in this article is part of the project Empire, centers and provinces: the circulation of medical knowledge (FCT PTDC/HCT/72143/2006) and benefits from earlier research conducted within the scope of the project Medicina Colonial, Estruturas do Império e Vidas Pós-coloniais em Português (POCTI/41075/ANT/ 2001), both funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and hosted by the Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon. Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon ([email protected]). HoST, 2008, 2: 139-189 HoST , Vol.1, Summer 2007 Rodrigues, came from a distinguished family; her father, Raimundo Venancio Rodrigues, from the Goan province of Bardez, had been a member of the Portuguese Cortes (Par- liament) and mayor of the city of Coimbra.2 The picture of prosperity changed with the early death of Constâncio de Melo. Young Indalêncio was 12 years old at the time, and from then on he had to work hard on many fronts.
    [Show full text]
  • Name of Candidate Award Criteria College No
    Sr. Name of Candidate Award Criteria College No. obtaining highest marks in Konkani at B.A. 1 Zambaulikar Ankita Anand Shri N. D. Naik Scholarship St. Xavier's College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mapusa - Goa Examination obtaining highest marks in Portuguese at the M.A. 2 Pereira Ayres Ornelas D'Lima Shri Meghashyam Parshuram Deshprabhu Paritoshik Department of Portuguese, Goa University Examination 3 Linson Lynessa Lynette Smt. Mirabai Rudraji Sardessai (Vimalatai Usgaonkar) Prize obtaining highest marks at the B.Com. Examination St. Xavier's College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mapusa - Goa obtaining highest marks in French at the M.A. 4 Gomes Anthony Venkatesh Govind Sinai Virginkar Prize Department of French & Francophone Studies, Goa University Examination obtaining highest marks in English at the B.A. 5 Pinto Karen Tina Smt. Manju Ghanashyam Nagarsekar Memorial Prize St. Xavier's College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mapusa - Goa Examination obtaining highest marks in English at the B.A. 6 Pinto Karen Tina Late Prof. Jose Carmelo Coelho Prize St. Xavier's College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mapusa - Goa Examination 7 Wetoskar Madhura Ramesh Lions Club of Margao Silver Jubilee Scholarship obtaining highest marks at the B.A. Examination Dhempe College of Arts & Science, Miramar - Goa 8 Sayed Bibi Ayesha Lions Club of Margao Silver Jubilee Scholarship obtaining highest marks at the B.Sc. Examination St. Xavier's College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mapusa - Goa 9 Linson Lynessa Lynette Lions Club of Margao Silver Jubilee Scholarship obtaining highest marks at the B.Com. Examination St. Xavier's College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mapusa - Goa obtaining highest marks in Periodontics at the B.D.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Religious Lifeworlds of Canada's Goan and Anglo-Indian Communities
    Brown Baby Jesus: The Religious Lifeworlds of Canada’s Goan and Anglo-Indian Communities Kathryn Carrière Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the PhD degree in Religion and Classics Religion and Classics Faculty of Arts University of Ottawa © Kathryn Carrière, Ottawa, Canada, 2011 I dedicate this thesis to my husband Reg and our son Gabriel who, of all souls on this Earth, are most dear to me. And, thank you to my Mum and Dad, for teaching me that faith and love come first and foremost. Abstract Employing the concepts of lifeworld (Lebenswelt) and system as primarily discussed by Edmund Husserl and Jürgen Habermas, this dissertation argues that the lifeworlds of Anglo- Indian and Goan Catholics in the Greater Toronto Area have permitted members of these communities to relatively easily understand, interact with and manoeuvre through Canada’s democratic, individualistic and market-driven system. Suggesting that the Catholic faith serves as a multi-dimensional primary lens for Canadian Goan and Anglo-Indians, this sociological ethnography explores how religion has and continues affect their identity as diasporic post- colonial communities. Modifying key elements of traditional Indian culture to reflect their Catholic beliefs, these migrants consider their faith to be the very backdrop upon which their life experiences render meaningful. Through systematic qualitative case studies, I uncover how these individuals have successfully maintained a sense of security and ethnic pride amidst the myriad cultures and religions found in Canada’s multicultural society. Oscillating between the fuzzy boundaries of the Indian traditional and North American liberal worlds, Anglo-Indians and Goans attribute their achievements to their open-minded Westernized upbringing, their traditional Indian roots and their Catholic-centred principles effectively making them, in their opinions, admirable models of accommodation to Canada’s system.
    [Show full text]
  • The State, Democracy and Social Movements
    The Dynamics of Conflict and Peace in Contemporary South Asia This book engages with the concept, true value, and function of democracy in South Asia against the background of real social conditions for the promotion of peaceful development in the region. In the book, the issue of peaceful social development is defined as the con- ditions under which the maintenance of social order and social development is achieved – not by violent compulsion but through the negotiation of intentions or interests among members of society. The book assesses the issue of peaceful social development and demonstrates that the maintenance of such conditions for long periods is a necessary requirement for the political, economic, and cultural development of a society and state. Chapters argue that, through the post-colo- nial historical trajectory of South Asia, it has become commonly understood that democracy is the better, if not the best, political system and value for that purpose. Additionally, the book claims that, while democratization and the deepening of democracy have been broadly discussed in the region, the peace that democracy is supposed to promote has been in serious danger, especially in the 21st century. A timely survey and re-evaluation of democracy and peaceful development in South Asia, this book will be of interest to academics in the field of South Asian Studies, Peace and Conflict Studies and Asian Politics and Security. Minoru Mio is a professor and the director of the Department of Globalization and Humanities at the National Museum of Ethnology, Japan. He is one of the series editors of the Routledge New Horizons in South Asian Studies and has co-edited Cities in South Asia (with Crispin Bates, 2015), Human and International Security in India (with Crispin Bates and Akio Tanabe, 2015) and Rethinking Social Exclusion in India (with Abhijit Dasgupta, 2017), also pub- lished by Routledge.
    [Show full text]
  • Government of Goa
    \, I REGD.GOA·5 Panaji, 13th April, 2000 (Chaitra 24, 1922) t SERIES II No.2 .I'~~~\ OFFICIAL~~JJGAZETTE GOVERNMENT OF GOA Note: There lire Three Ex(mordil/(/ry H.wes tf) the Official Gazette, Sr. /I Now, therefore. In exercise of the powers conferred by clause Nu. , dated 6-4-2000 liS follol\'s:- (d) of sub-section (I) of section 10 of the Industrial Disputes I) Extnwrdil/w)' dated 6-4-2000./h!lll pages 25 to 26 reKardinK Act, 1947 (Central Act 14 of 1947) (hereinafter referred to as the corrigendum from Dpt. (~r ElectlO/I.\'. 'said Act') the Government of Goa hereby refers the said 2) Extraordinary No.2 dated 10--/-2000 jh!fll paxes 27 to 2R dispute for adjudication to the Industrial Tribunal of Goa at regardillj.f Notificatio/l lim1/ Department or General Admil1isfT(lfioll. (llId Order from Dept. (~f HOllie. ~anaji~.Goa, constituted under section 7-A of the said Act. 3) ExtraordiJ/ary No.3 dared 12-4-2000 p:O/ll pages 29 to 30 reJ.:urdillJ.: NOf!tinl1lfJ/l li'olll Department or GOd Legislature SCHEDULE Secrelariat. "( I) Whether. the action - of the management of Mis. GOVERNMENT OF GOA MRF Ltd., Usgao, Panda Goa, in terminating the services of Shri Santana Costa with effect from 28-10-96, is legal Department of Animal Husbandry and justi fied .) and Veterinary Services If not, to what relief the workman is entitled '?" Order By order and j-n the name of the Governor Goa. No.2113/95-AHI262A On the recommendation of the Goa Public Service Commission R.
    [Show full text]
  • An Explanation to the Occurrence of Sporadic Cases of Urinary Schistosomiasis in India
    AN EXPLANATION TO THE OCCURRENCE OF SPORADIC CASES OF URINARY SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN INDIA. BY Cor. I. FROIr,ANO DU MRI,LO. (NovA GÓA) Received December 26, 1935. UP-TO-DATE Bilharziosis has not been registered in India as an endemic dis- ease, despite some cases imported from abroad. Stanley Kemp and Gravely'. in an exhaustive study failed to infect the molluscs of Hyderabad and Secunderabad with miracidia of S. hrematobium. I myself' working with S. mansoni imported in our territory by Mozambique troops since 1912, arrived to the following conclusions : (a) no inhabitant of Portuguese India showed any signal of a bilharzic dysentery in the villages occupied from 1912 to 1920 by the African infected troops (clinical and parasitological enquiry), (b) Paclielabra mcesta, Indoplanorbis exustus, Melanodes pyramis collected from various parts of our territory did not show any furcocercaria of S. 'mansoni type. Two types of furcocercariae were however found in Indoplanorbis exustus, but anatomically different from those of S. mansoni 3; (c) we failed to infect with S. mansoni miracidia the above-quoted molluscs. P. mcesta and I. exustus were absolutely indifferent to those miracidia ; M. pyramts, however, showed an evident miracidial attraction. However, no actual penetration was seen, neither any stage of further sporocystic cycle. My conclusions were that, on epidemiological and experimental grounds— at least with the molluscs above quoted—there was no fear of endemisatior, of Intestinal Bilharziosis in Portuguese India. Cautiously, however, I added that - one should not lose the view of a fortuitous and eventual adaptation of Schistosoma to some local molluscs. Negative conclusions were reached in British India, where Seymour Sewell4 states the non-existence of Bullinus and Hypsobia, the universally recognised hosts of S.
    [Show full text]
  • Israel National Technological Innovation Report 2016 – 2017
    Israel National Technological Innovation Report 2016 – 2017 Intellectual property, high-tech and economic-technological development in Israel Status report and future challenges H E S T T A N R I T E U P D A N M A T I O N Prepared by The Luzzatto Group Research Division November 2016 © 2016 — All rights reserved The Luzzatto Group Editor-in-Chief: Joel Tsafrir Editorial board: Dr. Kfir Luzzatto Dr. Esther Luzzatto Adv. Amir Palmery Adv. Niv Moran Adv. Michal Luzzatto Boaz Croitoro Tel: 073-2262626 Fax: 073-2262627 Email: [email protected] Omer branch: The Luzzatto Building, 9 Hagat Street, Industrial Park, Omer 8496500 Wework branch: Be`er Sheva Gev Yam Park Tel Aviv branch: Museum Tower, 22nd floor, 4 Berkowitz Street, Tel Aviv 6423806 facebook.com/theluzzattogroup Israel National Technological Innovation Report 2016 – 2017 Intellectual property, high-tech and economic-technological development in Israel Status report and future challenges Prepared by The Luzzatto Group Research Division November 2016 © 2016 — All rights reserved The Luzzatto Group Preface For more than a decade, the Luzzatto Group has published national reports on intellectual property, high-tech and technological innovation. Since new technologies pass through the world of intellectual property before they reach the market, our industry enjoys special insight regarding the state of technological innovation in Israel. We present our findings and recommendations in this report as part of our ongoing commitment to corporate responsibility, one of the founding tenets on which our firm is built. The updated and expanded edition of the 2015-2016 National Technological Innovation Report is comprised of three main sections on intellectual property, high-tech, and economic-technological development in Israel.
    [Show full text]
  • Portuguese Family Names
    Portuguese Family Names GERALD M. MOSER 1 Point Cabrillo reflects the Spanish spelling of the nickname of J oao Rodrigues Oabrilho - "the I(id," perhaps a play on words, if the Viscount De Lagoa was correct in assuming that this Portuguese navigator was born in one of the many villages in Portugal called Oabril (Joao Rodrigues Oabrilho, A Biographical Sketch, Lisbon, Agencia Geral do mtramar, 1957, p. 19). 2 Oastroville, Texas, -- there is another town of the same name in California - was named after its founder, Henry Oastro, a Portuguese Jew from France, who came to Providence, R.I., in 1827. From there he went to Texas in 1842, launching a colonization scheme, mainly on land near San Antonio. I came upon the story in the Genealogy Department of the Dallas Public Library, on the eve of reading to the American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese a paper on "Cultural Linguistics: The Case of the Portuguese Family Names" (December 28, 1957). The present article is an enlarged version of that paper. 30 38 Gerald M. Moser versational style as 0 Gomes alfaiate, ("that Tailor Gomes"), same manner in which tradesmen and officials were identified in the Lis- . bon of the fifteenth century (see Appendix 2). E) A fifth type of family name exists in Portugal, which has not yet been mentioned. It includes names due to religious devotion, similar to but. not identical with the cult of the saints which has furnished so many baptismal names. These peculiar devotional names are not used as first names in Portugal, although some of them are commonly used thus in Spain.
    [Show full text]
  • Christian History of East Indians of Guyana
    Shameerudeen: Christian History of East Indians of Guyana CLIFMOND SHAMEERUDEEN Christian History of East Indians of Guyana Historical Footprints Guyana is the only English-speaking country of South America and is part of the English-speaking Caribbean, mainly because of language, culture, and religious background. The formation of this multiethnic community is a result of many historical events. These events are viewed differently, depending on one’s ideology and school of thought. However, it is unde- niably true that the mass migration orchestrated by the British colonizers separated people groups from their places of origin over a span of hun- dreds of years and many generations. The British colonizers are responsible for transporting and settling la- borers from India to the West Indies. These individuals, known as East Indians, were recruited mainly for indentureship, to replace the freed African slaves on the sugar plantations. The indenture system began in 1838 in Guyana and ended in 1917 in the southern Caribbean region. It is estimated that 240,000 East Indians came to Guyana and 144,000 to Trinidad during the indentureship period (Barrow 1996:342). In Trinidad, sixty-eight percent of the East Indians brought during this period were males, while only thirty-eight percent were females (Vertovec 1992:101). A similar gender disparity was found in Guyana, where males were also in the majority (Singh 1993: 223). Crossing the Kala Pani The term kala pani (black waters) encapsulates the treacherous journey of the East Indians leaving their villages, socioreligious environments, and Published by Digital Commons @ Andrews University, 2021 1 Journal of Adventist Mission Studies, Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Goans on the Move
    Goans on the Move Paul Melo e Castro University of Glasgow Cielo G. Festino Paulista University Hélder Garmes University of São Paulo Robert Newman Independent Scholar Goa has long been a place of transit. Since time immemorial people from across the Indian subcontinent have passed in and out of the territory. Europeans, including the Portuguese who gave Goa the epithet, ‘Rome of the East’, have come, gone and returned again, as have visitors from further afield, along the old Bahia-Lisbon-Goa route of the caravels or down the Hippie trail of the 1970s. Goans themselves have migrated over the ages, whether in flight, forced by economic circumstances, or for personal advancement. Whatever the particular push-and-pull factors in each case might be, these migrations often had common destinations, leading in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries to the formation of diaspora communities in the main cities of India, principally Mumbai, as well as in the former English and Portuguese colonies of East Africa. After the independence of these colonies in the 1960s and 1970s, many Goan Africans would find themselves again on the move, to Lisbon or Brazil, or to Anglophone countries in the Americas, Europe, Oceania and beyond. The various movements of these Goan subjects, the preservation or deliquescence of ties to home, identity and language, in short, the ever-changing fate of those in diaspora, have given rise to a large body of poems, novels, short stories and personal narratives that represent these experiences as a process of what Leela Gandhi terms “mutual transformation” (129), one affecting destination and origin, host community and migrant, family and society.
    [Show full text]