DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 3434 Vertebrates

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

ChapterChapter 3434 Vertebrates PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Overview: Half a Billion Years of Backbones • Early in the Cambrian period, about 530 million years ago, an astonishing variety of animals inhabited Earth’s oceans • One type of animal gave rise to vertebrates, one of the most successful groups of animals Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 34-1 • The animals called vertebrates get their name from vertebrae, the series of bones that make up the backbone • There are about 52,000 species of vertebrates, including the largest organisms ever to live on the Earth • Vertebrates have great disparity, a wide range of differences within the group Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Concept 34.1: Chordates have a notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord • Vertebrates are a subphylum within the phylum Chordata • Chordates are bilaterian animals that belong to the clade of animals known as Deuterostomia • Two groups of invertebrate deuterostomes, the urochordates and cephalochordates, are more closely related to vertebrates than to other invertebrates Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Chordates Craniates Vertebrates Gnathostomes Osteichthyans Lobe-fins Tetrapods Amniotes Echinodermata (sister group to chordates) Myxini (hagfishes) Actinopterygii fishes) (ray-finned Dipnoi (lungfishes) Cephalochordata (lancelets) Urochordata (tunicates) Actinistia (coelacanths) (frogs, Amphibia salamanders) Mammalia (mammals) Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, chimaeras) Petromyzontida (lampreys) Reptilia snakes, (turtles, crocodiles, birds) Milk Legs Amniotic egg Amniotic Lobed fins Head Lungs or lung derivatives Vertebral column Jaws, mineralized skeleton Jaws, mineralized Common ancestor of chordates Notochord ANCESTRAL DEUTERO- STOME Fig. 34-2 Chordates Craniates Vertebrates Gnathostomes Osteichthyans Lobe-fins Tetrapods Amniotes Cephalochordata (lancelets) Myxini (hagfishes) Actinistia (coelacanths) Urochordata (tunicates) Actinopterygii fishes) (ray-finned Dipnoi (lungfishes) Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Mammalia (mammals) Petromyzontida (lampreys) Chondrichthyes chimaeras) rays, (sharks, Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Milk Legs Amniotic egg Lobed fins Head Lungs or lung derivatives Vertebral column Jaws, mineralized skeleton Common ancestor of chordates Notochord Fig. 34-2a Craniates Vertebrates Gnathostomes Osteichthyans Lobe-fins Tetrapods Amniotes Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Myxini (hagfishes) Actinopterygii fishes) (ray-finned Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfishes) Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Mammalia (mammals) Petromyzontida (lampreys) Chondrichthyes chimaeras) rays, (sharks, Milk Legs Amniotic egg Lobed fins Head Lungs or lung derivatives Vertebral column Jaws, mineralized skeleton Fig. 34-2b Vertebrates Gnathostomes Osteichthyans Lobe-fins Tetrapods Amniotes Actinopterygii fishes) (ray-finned Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfishes) Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Mammalia (mammals) Petromyzontida (lampreys) Chondrichthyes chimaeras) rays, (sharks, Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Milk Legs Amniotic egg Lobed fins Lungs or lung derivatives Vertebral column Jaws, mineralized skeleton Fig. 34-2c Gnathostomes Osteichthyans Lobe-fins Tetrapods Amniotes Mammalia (mammals) Actinopterygii fishes) (ray-finned Actinistia (coelacanths) Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Dipnoi (lungfishes) Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Chondrichthyes chimaeras) rays, (sharks, Milk Legs Amniotic egg Lobed fins Lungs or lung derivatives Jaws, mineralized skeleton Fig. 34-2d Osteichthyans Lobe-fins Tetrapods Amniotes Actinopterygii fishes) (ray-finned Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfishes) Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Mammalia (mammals) Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Milk Legs Amniotic egg Lobed fins Lungs or lung derivatives Fig. 34-2e Lobe-fins Tetrapods Amniotes Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfishes) Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Mammalia (mammals) Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Milk Legs Amniotic egg Lobed fins Fig. 34-2f Tetrapods Amniotes Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Mammalia (mammals) Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Milk Legs Amniotic egg Fig. 34-2g Fig. 34-2h Reptilia A m (turtles, snakes, n i crocodiles, birds) o t Amniotic egg e Mammalia s Milk (mammals) Derived Characters of Chordates • All chordates share a set of derived characters • Some species have some of these traits only during embryonic development • Four key characters of chordates: – Notochord – Dorsal, hollow nerve cord – Pharyngeal slits or clefts – Muscular, post-anal tail Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 34-3 Dorsal, Muscle hollow segments nerve cord Notochord Mouth Anus Pharyngeal Muscular, slits or clefts post-anal tail Notochord • The notochord is a longitudinal, flexible rod between the digestive tube and nerve cord • It provides skeletal support throughout most of the length of a chordate • In most vertebrates, a more complex, jointed skeleton develops, and the adult retains only remnants of the embryonic notochord Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Dorsal, Hollow Nerve Cord • The nerve cord of a chordate embryo develops from a plate of ectoderm that rolls into a tube dorsal to the notochord • The nerve cord develops into the central nervous system: the brain and the spinal cord Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Pharyngeal Slits or Clefts • In most chordates, grooves in the pharynx called pharyngeal clefts develop into slits that open to the outside of the body • Functions of pharyngeal slits: – Suspension-feeding structures in many invertebrate chordates – Gas exchange in vertebrates (except vertebrates with limbs, the tetrapods) – Develop into parts of the ear, head, and neck in tetrapods Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Muscular, Post-Anal Tail • Chordates have a tail posterior to the anus • In many species, the tail is greatly reduced during embryonic development • The tail contains skeletal elements and muscles • It provides propelling force in many aquatic species Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Lancelets • Lancelets (Cephalochordata) are named for their bladelike shape • They are marine suspension feeders that retain characteristics of the chordate body plan as adults Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 34-UN1 Cephalochordata Urochordata Myxini Petromyzontida Chondrichthyes Actinopterygii Actinistia Dipnoi Amphibia Reptilia Mammalia Fig. 34-4 Cirri 2 cm Mouth Pharyngeal slits Atrium Notochord Digestive tract Dorsal, hollow Atriopore nerve cord Segmental muscles Anus Tail Tunicates • Tunicates (Urochordata) are more closely related to other chordates than are lancelets • They are marine suspension feeders commonly called sea squirts • As an adult, a tunicate draws in water through an incurrent siphon, filtering food particles Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 34-UN2 Cephalochordata Urochordata Myxini Petromyzontida Chondrichthyes Actinopterygii Actinistia Dipnoi Amphibia Reptilia Mammalia Fig. 34-5 Incurrent siphon Water flow Notochord to mouth Dorsal, hollow Excurrent siphon nerve cord Excurrent Excurrent Tail siphon siphon Atrium Incurrent Muscle segments Pharynx siphon with Intestine slits Anus Stomach Tunic Intestine Atrium Esophagus Pharynx with slits Stomach An adult tunicate A tunicate larva • Tunicates most resemble chordates during their larval stage, which may last only a few minutes Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Early Chordate Evolution • Ancestral chordates may have resembled lancelets • Genome sequencing of tunicates has identified genes shared by tunicates and vertebrates • Gene expression in lancelets holds clues to the evolution of the vertebrate form Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 34-6 BF1 Otx Hox3 Nerve cord of lancelet embryo BF1 Otx Hox3 Brain of vertebrate embryo (shown straightened) Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain Concept 34.2: Craniates are chordates that have a head • The origin of a head opened up a completely new way of feeding for chordates: active predation • Craniates share some characteristics: a skull, brain, eyes, and other sensory organs Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Derived Characters of Craniates • Craniates have two clusters of Hox genes; lancelets and tunicates have only one cluster • One feature unique to craniates is the neural crest, a collection of cells near the dorsal margins of the closing neural tube in an embryo • Neural crest cells give rise to a variety of structures, including some of the bones and cartilage of the skull Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 34-7 Dorsal edges Neural Neural of neural plate crest tube Migrating neural Notochord crest cells • In aquatic craniates the pharyngeal
Recommended publications
  • Educators' Resource Guide

    Educators' Resource Guide

    EDUCATORS' RESOURCE GUIDE Produced and published by 3D Entertainment Distribution Written by Dr. Elisabeth Mantello In collaboration with Jean-Michel Cousteau’s Ocean Futures Society TABLE OF CONTENTS TO EDUCATORS .................................................................................................p 3 III. PART 3. ACTIVITIES FOR STUDENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................p 4 ACTIVITY 1. DO YOU Know ME? ................................................................. p 20 PLANKton, SOURCE OF LIFE .....................................................................p 4 ACTIVITY 2. discoVER THE ANIMALS OF "SECRET OCEAN" ......... p 21-24 ACTIVITY 3. A. SECRET OCEAN word FIND ......................................... p 25 PART 1. SCENES FROM "SECRET OCEAN" ACTIVITY 3. B. ADD color to THE octoPUS! .................................... p 25 1. CHristmas TREE WORMS .........................................................................p 5 ACTIVITY 4. A. WHERE IS MY MOUTH? ..................................................... p 26 2. GIANT BasKET Star ..................................................................................p 6 ACTIVITY 4. B. WHat DO I USE to eat? .................................................. p 26 3. SEA ANEMONE AND Clown FISH ......................................................p 6 ACTIVITY 5. A. WHO eats WHat? .............................................................. p 27 4. GIANT CLAM AND ZOOXANTHELLAE ................................................p
  • Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E

    Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E

    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School November 2017 Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E. Hepner University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Hepner, Megan E., "Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7408 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary by Megan E. Hepner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Marine Science with a concentration in Marine Resource Assessment College of Marine Science University of South Florida Major Professor: Frank Muller-Karger, Ph.D. Christopher Stallings, Ph.D. Steve Gittings, Ph.D. Date of Approval: October 31st, 2017 Keywords: Species richness, biodiversity, functional diversity, species traits Copyright © 2017, Megan E. Hepner ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to my major advisor, Dr. Frank Muller-Karger, who provided opportunities for me to strengthen my skills as a researcher on research cruises, dive surveys, and in the laboratory, and as a communicator through oral and presentations at conferences, and for encouraging my participation as a full team member in various meetings of the Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON) and other science meetings.
  • Phylogeny of the Damselfishes (Pomacentridae) and Patterns of Asymmetrical Diversification in Body Size and Feeding Ecology

    Phylogeny of the Damselfishes (Pomacentridae) and Patterns of Asymmetrical Diversification in Body Size and Feeding Ecology

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.07.430149; this version posted February 8, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Phylogeny of the damselfishes (Pomacentridae) and patterns of asymmetrical diversification in body size and feeding ecology Charlene L. McCord a, W. James Cooper b, Chloe M. Nash c, d & Mark W. Westneat c, d a California State University Dominguez Hills, College of Natural and Behavioral Sciences, 1000 E. Victoria Street, Carson, CA 90747 b Western Washington University, Department of Biology and Program in Marine and Coastal Science, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA 98225 c University of Chicago, Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, and Committee on Evolutionary Biology, 1027 E. 57th St, Chicago IL, 60637, USA d Field Museum of Natural History, Division of Fishes, 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr., Chicago, IL 60605 Corresponding author: Mark W. Westneat [email protected] Journal: PLoS One Keywords: Pomacentridae, phylogenetics, body size, diversification, evolution, ecotype Abstract The damselfishes (family Pomacentridae) inhabit near-shore communities in tropical and temperature oceans as one of the major lineages with ecological and economic importance for coral reef fish assemblages. Our understanding of their evolutionary ecology, morphology and function has often been advanced by increasingly detailed and accurate molecular phylogenies. Here we present the next stage of multi-locus, molecular phylogenetics for the group based on analysis of 12 nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences from 330 of the 422 damselfish species.
  • Sharkcam Fishes

    Sharkcam Fishes

    SharkCam Fishes A Guide to Nekton at Frying Pan Tower By Erin J. Burge, Christopher E. O’Brien, and jon-newbie 1 Table of Contents Identification Images Species Profiles Additional Info Index Trevor Mendelow, designer of SharkCam, on August 31, 2014, the day of the original SharkCam installation. SharkCam Fishes. A Guide to Nekton at Frying Pan Tower. 5th edition by Erin J. Burge, Christopher E. O’Brien, and jon-newbie is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. For questions related to this guide or its usage contact Erin Burge. The suggested citation for this guide is: Burge EJ, CE O’Brien and jon-newbie. 2020. SharkCam Fishes. A Guide to Nekton at Frying Pan Tower. 5th edition. Los Angeles: Explore.org Ocean Frontiers. 201 pp. Available online http://explore.org/live-cams/player/shark-cam. Guide version 5.0. 24 February 2020. 2 Table of Contents Identification Images Species Profiles Additional Info Index TABLE OF CONTENTS SILVERY FISHES (23) ........................... 47 African Pompano ......................................... 48 FOREWORD AND INTRODUCTION .............. 6 Crevalle Jack ................................................. 49 IDENTIFICATION IMAGES ...................... 10 Permit .......................................................... 50 Sharks and Rays ........................................ 10 Almaco Jack ................................................. 51 Illustrations of SharkCam
  • Embryonic Development of Percula Clownfish, Amphiprion Percula (Lacepede, 1802)

    Embryonic Development of Percula Clownfish, Amphiprion Percula (Lacepede, 1802)

    Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 4 (2): 84-89, 2009 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2009 Embryonic Development of Percula Clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacepede, 1802) 11K.V. Dhaneesh, T.T. Ajith Kumar and 2T. Shunmugaraj 1Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University Parangipettai-608 502, Tamilnadu, India 2Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India Abstract: The Percula clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacepede, 1802) were reared in marine ornamental fish hatchery by using estuarine water to study their spawning behaviour, egg deposition and embryonic development. The spawning was recorded year round with the reproductive cycle between 14-21 days. The eggs were adhesive type, capsule shaped and bright orange in colour measuring 2.0-2.3 mm length and 1.0-1.2 mm width containing fat globules. The process of embryonic development was divided into 26 stages based on the morphological characteristics of the developing embryo. The time elapsed for each embryonic developmental stage was recorded. Hatching took place 151-152 hours after fertilization. Key words: Percula clownfish Captive condition Morphology Embryonic development INTRODUCTION transported to the hatchery at Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, The anemonefish, Amphiprion percula is a tropical Tamil Nadu, India. For the better health and survival, the coral reef fish belonging to the family Pomacentridae fishes and anemones were packed in individual polythene and sub family Amphiprioninae and they are one of the bags filled with sufficient oxygen. After transportation, most popular attractions in the marine ornamental fish the fishes and anemones were accommodated in a trade.
  • Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion Percula)

    Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion Percula)

    NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-52 April 2016 doi:10.7289/V5J10152 Status Review Report: Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion percula) Kimberly A. Maison and Krista S. Graham Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce About this document The mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is to understand and predict changes in the Earth’s environment and to conserve and manage coastal and oceanic marine resources and habitats to help meet our Nation’s economic, social, and environmental needs. As a branch of NOAA, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) conducts or sponsors research and monitoring programs to improve the scientific basis for conservation and management decisions. NMFS strives to make information about the purpose, methods, and results of its scientific studies widely available. NMFS’ Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS series to achieve timely dissemination of scientific and technical information that is of high quality but inappropriate for publication in the formal peer- reviewed literature. The contents are of broad scope, including technical workshop proceedings, large data compilations, status reports and reviews, lengthy scientific or statistical monographs, and more. NOAA Technical Memoranda published by the PIFSC, although informal, are subjected to extensive review and editing and reflect sound professional work. Accordingly, they may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. A NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS issued by the PIFSC may be cited using the following format: Maison, K. A., and K. S. Graham. 2016. Status Review Report: Orange Clownfish (Amphiprion percula).
  • 5 Coral Condition Flat

    5 Coral Condition Flat

    The Western Atlantic Health and Resilience Cards provide photographic examples of the dominant habitat features and biological indicators of coral reef condition, health and resilience to future perturbations. Representative examples of benthic substrates types, indicators of coral health, algal functional groups, dominant sessile invertebrates, large, motile invertebrates, and herbivorous and predatory fishes are presented, with emphasis on major functional groups regulating coral diversity, abundance and condition. This is not intended as a taxonomic ID guide. Resilience is the ability of the reef community to maintain or restore structure and function and remain in an equivalent ‘phase’ as before an unusual disturbance. The most critical attributes of resilience for monitoring programs are compiled in this guide. A typical protocol involves an assessment of replicate belt transects in multiple reef environments to characterize 1) the diversity, abundance, size structure cover and condition of corals, 2) the abundance/cover of other associated and competing benthic organisms, including “pest” species; 3) fish diversity, abundance and size for the key functional groups (avoiding many of the small blennies, gobies, wrasses, juveniles and non‐reef species, and focusing on large herbivores, piscivores, invertebrate feeders, and detritivores); 4) abundance of motile macroinvertebrates that feed on algae and invertebrates, especially corallivores; 5) habitat quality and substrate condition (biomass and cover of five functional algal groups, turf, CCA, macroalgae, erect corallines and cyanobacteria; amount of rubble, pavement and sediment); 6) coral condition (prevalence of disease and corallivores, broken corals, levels of recruitment); and 7) evidence of human disturbance such as levels and types of fishing, runoff, and coastal development.
  • Top 51-100 Offshore Fish Flash Cards

    Top 51-100 Offshore Fish Flash Cards

    OFFSHORE FISH ID 51-100 1 Instructions for Printing as Flash Cards 1. Edit Print Settings to [4-pages to 1]; Single Sided 2. Cut out Cards 3. Fold along dotted line so ID Name is hidden behind each card Cut Fold Fold Cut Fold Fold 2 • Purple coloration dorsally • Yellow-gold ventrally and posteriorly • Size: 8” – 14” Spanish Hogfish 3 Bodianus rufus | Wrasses – Labridae • Yellow-gold spots on body • Silvery elongate body • Size: 1’ – 3’ Spanish mackerel 4 Scomberomorus maculatus | Mackerels – Scombridae • Torpedo body w/ flattened forebody • Silver to brown coloration • Sometimes black and white stripes • Size: 2’ – 4’ 5 Cobia Rachycentron canadum | Cobias – Rachycentridae • White side “bridle” running from rear of mouth to gill cover • Color Whitish to transparent, often without markings • Size: 1” – 2” 6 Bridled Goby Coryphopterus glaucofraenum | Gobies – Gobiidae • Three dark spots in a row • Two chin barbels • Mottled reddish-brown when resting • Size: 5” – 8” Spotted Goatfish 7 Pseudopeneus maculatus | Goatfishes – Mullidae • Head and pectoral fins form a triangular ray- like anterior • Thick, tapered, shark- like posterior • Size: 1’ – 2’ Atlantic Guitarfish 8 Rhinobatos lentiginosus | Guitarfishes – Rhinobatidae • Dorsal, anal, and caudal fins without spots • Single black stripe from dorsal fin to caudal fin • Juvenile: Vertical black dash on nose • Size: 5” – 8” Juvenile Juvenile Jackknife-fish 9 Equetus lanceolatus | Drums – Sciaenidae • Overbite • Black spot at base of pectoral fin • Size: 8” – 14” Sheepshead Porgy 10 Calamus
  • Seamap Environmental and Biological Atlas of the Gulf of Mexico, 2017

    Seamap Environmental and Biological Atlas of the Gulf of Mexico, 2017

    environmental and biological atlas of the gulf of mexico 2017 gulf states marine fisheries commission number 284 february 2019 seamap SEAMAP ENVIRONMENTAL AND BIOLOGICAL ATLAS OF THE GULF OF MEXICO, 2017 Edited by Jeffrey K. Rester Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission Manuscript Design and Layout Ashley P. Lott Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission GULF STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION FEBRUARY 2019 NUMBER 284 This project was supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, under State/Federal Project Number NA16NMFS4350111. GULF STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION COMMISSIONERS ALABAMA Chris Blankenship John Roussel Alabama Department of Conservation 1221 Plains Port Hudson Road and Natural Resources Zachary, LA 70791 64 North Union Street Montgomery, AL 36130-1901 MISSISSIPPI Joe Spraggins, Executive Director Representative Steve McMillan Mississippi Department of Marine Resources P.O. Box 337 1141 Bayview Avenue Bay Minette, AL 36507 Biloxi, MS 39530 Chris Nelson TBA Bon Secour Fisheries, Inc. P.O. Box 60 Joe Gill, Jr. Bon Secour, AL 36511 Joe Gill Consulting, LLC 910 Desoto Street FLORIDA Ocean Springs, MS 39566-0535 Eric Sutton FL Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission TEXAS 620 South Meridian Street Carter Smith, Executive Director Tallahassee, FL 32399-1600 Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 4200 Smith School Road Representative Jay Trumbull Austin, TX 78744 State of Florida House of Representatives 402 South Monroe Street Troy B. Williamson, II Tallahassee, FL 32399 P.O. Box 967 Corpus Christi, TX 78403 TBA Representative Wayne Faircloth LOUISIANA Texas House of Representatives Jack Montoucet, Secretary 2121 Market Street, Suite 205 LA Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Galveston, TX 77550 P.O.
  • Playing with Matches

    Playing with Matches

    PLAYING WITHHybrid MATCHES: They can fuel the fires of conservation or burn everything to the ground 62 CORAL Clownfishes by Matt Pedersen RILEY COULDN’T UNDERSTAND IT: her mated pair of “Tomato Clownfish” kept spitting out a strange mix of offspring, some with black ventral and anal fins, others with white tails, but otherwise looking like their red parents. Meanwhile, Brennon struggled to identify the clownfishes he had picked up from a distant aquarium shop on a road trip; the label said “Onyx Percula,” but the fish lacked the bright orange eye that Amphiprion percula should have. Melanie was disappointed when her “True Sebae” clownfish never grew their full vertical bars and always seemed to have black tails with a hint of a yellow tail bar instead of the all-yellow tail she had come to expect. Although Riley, Brennon, and Melanie are not their real names (I am trying to protect the innocent here), these dramatizations are all too real. Hobbyists (and, to be honest, some peo- ple in the marine livestock trade) have often White-Bonnet Anemonefish (Amphiprion leucokranos) in Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea. This a suspected hybrid of A. chrysopterus and A. sandaracinos. © GARY BELL / OCEANWIDEIMAGES.COM / BELL GARY © CORAL 63 2014 HYBRID CLOWNFISH REVIEW If the world of clownfish breeding and mar- keting seems more than bit frenzied at the moment, it helps to know that hybrid anem- onefishes can be sorted into four groups. “Natural” Hybrids Once again, as with “designer” morphs that turn up in natural wild populations of Am- phiprion and Premnas spp.
  • Distribution and Sighting Frequency of Reef Fishes in FL

    Distribution and Sighting Frequency of Reef Fishes in FL

    Distribution and sighting frequency of reef fishes in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Item Type monograph Authors Jeffrey, C. F. G.; Pattengill-Semmens, C.; Gittings, S.; Monaco, M. E. Publisher NOAA/National Ocean Service/Marine Sanctuaries Division Download date 27/09/2021 08:46:14 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/20166 Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series MSD-01-1 Distribution and Sighting Frequency of Reef Fishes in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary January 2001 U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management Marine Sanctuaries Division About the Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Marine Sanctuary Division (MSD) administers the National Marine Sanctuary Program. Its mission is to identify, designate, protect and manage the ecological, recreational, research, educational, historical, and aesthetic resources and qualities of nationally significant coastal and marine areas. The existing marine sanctuaries differ widely in their natural and historical resources and include nearshore and open ocean areas ranging in size from less than one to over 5,000 square miles. Protected habitats include rocky coasts, kelp forests, coral reefs, sea grass beds, estuarine habitats, hard and soft bottom habitats, segments of whale migration routes, and shipwrecks. Because of considerable differences in settings, resources, and threats, each marine sanctuary has a tailored management plan. Conservation, education, research, monitoring and enforcement programs vary accordingly. The integration of these programs is fundamental to marine protected area management. The Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series reflects and supports this integration by providing a forum for publication and discussion of the complex issues currently facing the National Marine Sanctuary Program.
  • Downloaded Read Data

    Downloaded Read Data

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/380709; this version posted August 3, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Clownfishes are a genetic model of 2 exceptional longevity and reveal molecular 3 convergence in the evolution of lifespan 4 Arne Sahm1, Pedro Almaida-Pagan2, Martin Bens1, Mirko Mutalipassi3, Alejandro Lucas-Sanchez2, Jorge 5 de Costa Ruiz2, Matthias Görlach1, Alessandro Cellerino1,4 6 1 Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena Germany 7 2 Dept. de Fisiologia, Universidad de Murcia 8 3 Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy 9 4 Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy 10 Abstract 11 Standard evolutionary theories of aging postulate that reduced extrinsic mortality leads to evolution of 12 longevity. Clownfishes of the genus Amphiprion live in a symbiotic relationship with sea anemones that 13 provide protection from predation. We performed a survey and identified at least two species with 14 lifespan of over 20 years. Given their small size and ease of captive reproduction, clownfishes lend 15 themselves as experimental models of exceptional longevity. 16 To identify genetic correlates of exceptional longevity, we sequenced the transcriptomes of Amphiprion 17 percula and A. clarkii and performed a scan for positively-selected genes (PSGs). These were compared 18 with PSGs detected in long-lived mole rats and short-lived killifishes revealing convergent evolution in 19 processes such as mitochondrial biogenesis.