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Annex A: Characteristics of Included Articles

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Annex A: Characteristics of Included Articles Systematic review of the non-specific effects of BCG, DTP and measles containing vaccines ANNEX A: CHARACTERISTICS OF INCLUDED ARTICLES Article group Birth dates Vaccines Details of the included article Total number of administered (type, children Ref ID (citation) Study period strain, reason) described/analysed Region Follow up Effect Modifier (Additional references)1 Algeria Birth dates: 1935 BCG vaccinated vs. BCG Quasi-randomised controlled trial conducted in a Muslim population in Algeria where Total number of children unvaccinated (Institute children born in 1935 were allocated to BCG (given orally) or unvaccinated at birth. Children described: 41,307 #9283(1) Study period: May Pasteur, orally revaccinated at ages 1, 3, 7 and 15 years were followed up for up to 6 months after vaccine. 1935 to December 1947 Total number of children Algiers, periurban, administered, research Inclusion Criteria: Participants were newborns from Algerian Muslim families with very low analysed: 39,259 suburban and rural Follow up: ≤ 12 years purpose) socioeconomic status. areas No modifier reported Exclusion Criteria: Not clearly stated Vaccine ascertainment: Recorded at point of vaccination Mortality ascertainment: Routine home visits Bangladesh A Birth dates: born BCG vs. no BCG Observational cohort reporting all-cause child mortality from 70 villages within the Maternal Total number of children before 1 January 2000 Child Health And Family Planning programme area participating in the Health And described: 39,625 #797(2) DPT vs. no DPT Demographic Surveillance System and vaccinated with BCG, DTP (1-3 doses) or MCV. Study period: 1986- Total number of children Matlab (60 km MCV vs. no MCV 2001 Inclusion Criteria: Registration within the Maternal Child Health and Family Planning analysed: 36,650 southeast of (vaccine type/strain not Programme area-Birth before January 1, 2000 Dhaka) Follow up: ≤60 No modifier reported reported, research months Exclusion Criteria: Death or emigration < 42 days of age (initial analysis), death or purpose) emigration < 9 months of age (second analysis), deaths due to trauma or accident Vaccine ascertainment: Recorded at the point of vaccination in a record keeping book Mortality ascertainment: Verbal autopsy Bangladesh A Birth dates: 1986-1999 Different sequence Observational cohort reporting all-cause child mortality within the Matlab HDSS for Total number of children combinations of BCG children born between 1986 and 1999 , focusing on the effect of BCG and DTP sequence and described: 37,894 #9477(3) Study period: January and DTP vaccines: therefore limited to the 6 weeks to 9 months age group. 1986 to 1999 (date Total number of children Matlab BCG+DTP1 vs. BCG (1.5- unclear) Inclusion Criteria: children born between 1986 and 1999 within the Matlab HDSS analysed: 35,585 9 months); BCG 1 Additional references without relevant data, but provided additional details of how the study was conducted. 1 Article group Birth dates Vaccines Details of the included article Total number of administered (type, children Ref ID (citation) Study period strain, reason) described/analysed Region Follow up Effect Modifier (Additional references)1 Follow up: ≤ 9 months simultaneously with Exclusion criteria: deaths due to accidents Modifier: gender DTP1 vs. BCG before Vaccine ascertainment: routine household visits, recorded at the point of vaccination in a DTP1; BCG after DTP vs. record keeping book BCG before DTP1 (1.5-9 months) Mortality ascertainment: verbal autopsy as part of the routine HDSS (vaccine type/strain not reported, routine vaccination) Bangladesh B Birth dates: 1977-1984 MCV vs. no MCV Case-control study in four contiguous areas, two of which had participated in an intensive Total number of children measles vaccination program, which began in the spring of 1982. Cases were 536 children described: 3,887 #7031(4) Study period: aged 10- (Schwarz strain, who had died in the four-area region at the age of 10-60 months between April 1982 and Total number of children 60 months between Matlab (45 km Research purpose) December 1984. Two age- and sex-matched controls were selected from the four-area region analysed: 1,608 1 April 1982 and 31 southeast of for each case; each control had survived at least through the date of death of the matched December 1984 No modifier reported Dhaka; Blocks case A,B,C,D) Follow up: ≤ 59 Inclusion Criteria: Born in the 4 block areas, resided in the 4 block areas until the age of months selection, aged 10-60 months when selected between 1 April 1982 and 31 December 1984; vaccinated children in blocks A and C (vaccinated before selection), unvaccinated children from blocks B and D. Exclusion Criteria: unvaccinated children who resided in the vaccinated areas (blocks A and C), death or outmigration before the date of selection Vaccine ascertainment: detailed record keeping system kept by the female community health workers Mortality ascertainment: routine visits to homes Bangladesh B Birth dates: 1977-1985 MCV vs. no MCV Observational cohort based on longitudinal data from the Matlab maternal and child Total number of children health/family planning programme in rural Bangladesh. It analysed the mortality experience described: 18,266 #9052(5) Study period: aged 9- (Schwarz strain, of 8135 vaccinated and 8135 randomly matched non-vaccinated children aged 9-60 months, 60 months between research purpose) Total number of children Matlab (45 km who were observed from March 1982 to October 1985. 1982-1985 analysed: 16,270 southeast of Inclusion Criteria: Measles vaccinated and unvaccinated children aged 9-60 months and Dhaka; Blocks Follow up: ≤59 Modifier: gender observed from March 1982 to October 1985, No record of MCV vaccination of the non A,B,C,D) months vaccinees during the study period, vaccinees and corresponding non-vaccinees matched for month and year of birth, survival of each non-vaccinee at least up to the date of vaccination 2 Article group Birth dates Vaccines Details of the included article Total number of administered (type, children Ref ID (citation) Study period strain, reason) described/analysed Region Follow up Effect Modifier (Additional references)1 of their matched vaccinee Exclusion Criteria: Vaccinees for whom matched non-vaccinees could not be found according to the inclusion criteria Vaccine ascertainment: Detailed record keeping system Mortality ascertainment: Not clearly stated Bangladesh B Birth dates: 1977-1985 MCV vs. no MCV Observational cohort of children born likely between 1977 and January 1985 in Matlab. This Total number of children article compared children that received measles immunization from 9 months of age with an described: 18,266 #6509(6) Study period: aged 9- (Schwarz F88, Research unvaccinated control group. A total of 8134 immunized children were matched by age with 60 months between purpose) Total number of children Matlab (45 km 8134 non-immunized children; 578 children died during the follow-up period of 3 years. 1982-1985 analysed: 16,268 southeast of Vaccine effectiveness against all-cause deaths controlling for background factors was Dhaka; Blocks Follow up: ≤ 59 reported. No modifier reported A,B,C,D) months Inclusion Criteria: as described in #9052 Exclusion Criteria: vaccinated children for whom a matched control could not be found Vaccine ascertainment: routine visits to homes, DSS Mortality ascertainment: routine visits to homes, Demographic surveillance system Bangladesh B Birth dates: 1977-1985 MCV vs. no MCV Observational cohort of children born likely between 1977 and January 1985 in Matlab. This Total number of children article compared children that received measles immunization from 9 months of age with an described: 16,270 #6488(7) Study period: aged 9- (vaccine type/strain not unvaccinated control group. A total of 8134 immunized children were matched by age with 60 months between reported, routine Total number of children Matlab (45 km 8134 non-immunized children; 578 children died during the follow-up period of 3 years. 1982-1985 vaccination) analysed: 16,270 southeast of Vaccine effectiveness against all-cause deaths controlling for background factors was Dhaka; Blocks Follow up: ≤ 59 reported. No modifier reported A,B,C,D) months Inclusion Criteria: as described in #9052 and #7031 Exclusion Criteria: as described in #9052 and #7031 Vaccine ascertainment: review of vaccination centre records Mortality ascertainment: Surveillance system Benin Birth dates: 1983-1987 BCG vs. no BCG; DTP1 A case-control study comparing vaccination status in 74 children aged 4 to 35 months who Cases: 74; Controls: 230 vs. no DTP; DTP2 vs. no died in 1986 or 1987 and 230 controls who survived and were individually matched by date of #9372(8) Study period: 1986- No modifier reported DTP; DTP3 vs. no DTP; birth, sex and place of residence. Data was stratified by age at vaccination (≤ 12 months and > 3 Article group Birth dates Vaccines Details of the included article Total number of administered (type, children Ref ID (citation) Study period strain, reason) described/analysed Region Follow up Effect Modifier (Additional references)1 Pahou and Avlkete 1987 DTP (4 doses) vs. no 12 months) and controlled for socioeconomic status, weight for age and other vaccines. The (atlantic coast, 30 DTP; MCV vs. no MCV; surveillance was conducted in 1986 and 1987. Follow up: ≤ 36 km from Cotonou) MCV after 12 months vs. months Inclusion Criteria: Cases: died between January 1986-October 1987, aged < 3 years, Controls: no MCV (Additional matched to cases for age, sex and village of residence reference: (vaccine type/strain not Exclusion Criteria: Not matching the inclusion criteria, residing in villages without a health #2936(9)) reported, routine worker vaccination) Vaccine ascertainment: Review of health centre records Mortality ascertainment: Routine home visits-interview with parents Burkina Faso Birth dates: BCG vs. no BCG, BCG An observation cohort of all children born between 1985 and 1993 in 26 villages in the areas Total number of children vs. no BCG; BCG+DTP of Pissila and Yako in Burkina Faso.
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