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ISSN 0004-1254 ARHIV ZA HIGIJENU RADA I ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL TOKSIKOLOGIJU HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY Arh Hig Rada Toksikol • Vol. 63 • No. 3 • pp. 247-416 • ZAGREB, CROATIA 2012 CONTENTS SCIENTIFIC PAPERS ALEKSANDRA BUHA, ZORICA BULAT, DANIJELA ĐUKIĆ- 247 Effects of Oral and Intraperitoneal Magnesium ĆOSIĆ, AND VESNA MATOVIĆ Treatment against Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Plasma of Rats MARIJANA ĆURČIĆ, SAŠA JANKOVIĆ, VESNA JAĆEVIĆ, 255 Combined Effects of Cadmium and Decabrominated SANJA STANKOVIĆ, SLAVICA VUČINIĆ, KSENIJA DURGO, Diphenyl Ether on Thyroid Hormones in Rats ZORICA BULAT, AND BILJANA ANTONIJEVIĆ XIU-QUAN SHI, WEI YAN, KE-YUE WANG, QI-YUAN 263 Protective Effects of Dietary Fibre against FAN, AND YAN ZOU Manganese-Induced Neurobehavioral Aberrations in Rats MALAY CHAKLADER, PROSUN DAS, JACINTHA ARCHANA 271 Altered Canonical Hedgehog-Gli Signalling Axis in PEREIRA, SAMARESH CHAUDHURI, AND SUJATA LAW Pesticide-Induced Bone Marrow Aplasia Mouse Model MATEJA BOLČIĆ-TAVČAR AND MARJAN VRAČKO 283 Prediction of Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity, Developmental Toxicity, and Skin Sensitisation with CAESAR Program for a Set of Conazoles LJERKA PRESTER, JELENA KOVAČIĆ, AND JELENA MACAN 293 Comparison of Buffers for Extraction of Mite Allergen Der p 1 from Dust ŽELJKA ZGORELEC, GORDANA PEHNEC, FERDO BAŠIĆ, 301 Sulphur Cycling Between Terrestrial Agroecosystem IVICA KISIĆ, MILAN MESIĆ, SILVA ŽUŽUL, ALEKSANDRA and Atmosphere JURIŠIĆ, IVANA ŠESTAK, VLADIMIRA VAĐIĆ, AND MIRJANA ČAČKOVIĆ ISTVÁN MATYASOVSZKY, LÁSZLÓ MAKRA, AND 311 Associations Between Weather Conditions and ZOLTÁN CSÉPE Ragweed Pollen Variations in Szeged, Hungary PETRA PEHAREC ŠTEFANIĆ, SANDRA ŠIKIĆ, 321 Cadmium and Zinc Induced Similar Changes in PETRA CVJETKO, AND BILJANA BALEN Protein and Glycoprotein Patterns in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Seedlings and Plants VIŠNJA OREŠČANIN, IVANKA LOVRENČIĆ MIKELIĆ, 337 Inertisation of Galvanic Sludge with Calcium Oxide, ROBERT KOLLAR, NENAD MIKULIĆ, AND Activated Carbon, and Phosphoric Acid GORDANA MEDUNIĆ NAILYA N. MAZITOVA, ANATOLY A. SAVELIEV, 345 COPD and Occupation: A Retrospective Cohort Study ZUHRA M. BERHEEVA, AND NAIL KH. AMIROV of Industrial Workers HULYA GUNBATAR, BUNYAMIN SERTOGULLARINDAN, 357 Chronic Effects of Environmental Biomass Smoke on BULENT OZBAY, SERHAT AVCU, GÜLAY BULUT, AND Lung Histopathology in Turkish Non-smoking MUSTAFA KOSEM Women: A Case Series SHORT COMMUNICATION OLIVERA MILOŠEVIĆ-DJORDJEVIĆ, IVANA STOŠIĆ, DARKO 367 Chromosomal Instability in Peripheral Blood GRUJIČIĆ, IVANKA ZELEN, AND PREDRAG SAZDANOVIĆ Lymphocytes of Patients with Reproductive Failure Assessed by Micronucleus Assay CASE REPORT ASHWIN B. PATEL, ARUNA DEWAN, AND BHARAT C. KAJI 377 Monocrotophos Poisoning through Contaminated Millet Flour PROFESSIONAL PAPER ANAMARIJA JURČEV-SAVIČEVIĆ, SANJA POPOVIĆ-GRLE, 385 Izgubljeno vrijeme u otkrivanju i početku liječenja ROSANDA MULIĆ, MLADEN SMOLJANOVIĆ I tuberkuloze: što treba napraviti? KORNELIJA MIŠE REVIEWS MARTINA BAŠIĆ, ANA BUTORAC, IRENA LANDEKA 395 Obesity: Genome and Environment Interactions JURČEVIĆ, AND VIŠNJA BAČUN-DRUŽINA ANA MARIJA MARJANOVIĆ, IVAN PAVIČIĆ, 407 Biological Indicators in Response to Radiofrequency/ AND IVANČICA TROŠIĆ Microwave Exposure ADDENDUM A23 Announcement (in Croatian) A24 Reports (in Croatian) Cover page: A piece of parched land. Photo by Radojko Orlić taken at the bank of Lake Jarun in Zagreb. After a dry summer spell, this issue brings a shower of interesting new articles. Disclaimer: This photo is not intended for instructional or scientifi c purposes. Buha A, et al. MAGNESIUM EFFECTS AGAINST Cd-INDUCED STRESS IN RATS Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2012;63:247-254 247 DOI: 10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2217 Scientifi c Paper EFFECTS OF ORAL AND INTRAPERITONEAL MAGNESIUM TREATMENT AGAINST CADMIUM- INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PLASMA OF RATS Aleksandra BUHA, Zorica BULAT, Danijela ĐUKIĆ-ĆOSIĆ, and Vesna MATOVIĆ Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Received in February 2012 CrossChecked in February 2012 Accepted in July 2012 Cadmium (Cd) has been recognised as one of the most important environmental and industrial pollutants, and up-to-date investigations have shown that one of the mechanisms of its toxicity is associated with the induction of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the connection between acute oral and intraperitoneal exposure to Cd and parameters indicative of oxidative stress in the plasma of rats, as well as to examine the potential protective effect of magnesium (Mg) in conditions of acute oral and intraperitoneal Cd poisoning. The experiment was performed on male albino Wistar rats (n=40) randomly divided into control group, -1 Cdor group that received 30 mg kg b.w. Cd by oral gavage, Cd+Mgor group that orally received 50 mg -1 -1 kg b.w. Mg one hour before oral Cd, Cdip group that received 1.5 mg kg b.w. Cd intraperitoneally, and -1 Cd+Mgip group that intraperitoneally received 3 mg kg b.w. Mg 10 min before intraperitoneal Cd. The animals were sacrifi ced 24 h after treatment and the following parameters were measured: superoxide- dismutase activity, superoxide anion, total oxidative status, advanced oxidation protein products, and malondialdehyde. All parameters of oxidative stress in rat plasma were negatively affected by Cd treatment with more pronounced negative effects after intraperitoneal treatment, with the exception of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Although both oral and intraperitoneal Mg pretreatment had protective effects, more pronounced benefi cial effects were observed after oral administration, since it managed to completely prevent Cd-induced changes in the investigated parameters. The observed results support the use of Mg as potential protective agent against toxic effects caused by Cd. KEY WORDS: bioelement supplementation, interactions between metals, mechanisms of toxicity Cadmium (Cd) has been recognised as one of the It has been reported that one of the mechanisms is most important environmental and industrial pollutants disturbance of prooxidant-antioxidant balance in of both natural and anthropogenic origin. The tissues, which results in increased levels of reactive production and utilisation of Cd result in professional oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage of exposure to Cd, while food contamination and macromolecules as reviewed by Matović et al. (5). cigarette smoking contribute to exposure of the general This can lead to various pathological conditions in population. It has also been estimated that exposure humans and animals, such as hepatic and renal to this metal will increase in the decades to come (1). dysfunction, testicular damage, respiratory disorders, Cadmium has no uniform mechanism of toxicity (2-4). and cancer (6-9). Buha A, et al. MAGNESIUM EFFECTS AGAINST Cd-INDUCED STRESS IN RATS 248 Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2012;63:247-254 There are limited experimental data pointing out Medical Academy, Belgrade. The animals were housed Mg ability to reduce organ Cd accumulation and its in cages under standard laboratory conditions benefi cial effects against Cd-altered bioelement levels [temperature (22±2) ºC; relative humidity (50±10) %] and parameters of oxidative stress (10-12). The wide with light and dark cycles exchanging every 12 h. safety margin between beneficial and toxic They had free access to water and received standard concentrations of Mg in tissues and biological fl uids pelleted diet mixture (Veterinary Institute “Subotica”, suggests that Mg may be used to prevent and treat Cd Subotica, Serbia). The diet contained 2.4 mg g-1 Mg poisoning. This potential is of great importance, and 19.2 ng g-1 Cd (as determined in our laboratory). having in mind that the therapy of Cd poisoning has not yet been established. However, the exact Experimental design mechanisms of Mg beneficial effects against Cd The animals were randomised into fi ve groups of poisoning are not completely understood. eight rats: control group, Cd , Cd+Mg , Cd , and The aim of this study was to determine how Mg or or ip Cd+Mgip group. Oral and intraperitoneal doses of Cd affects parameters of oxidative stress in the blood of producing toxic effects and Mg doses with possible rats acutely poisoned with Cd. For this purpose we protective effects were chosen on the basis of our measured plasma enzyme superoxide dismutase previous experiments and literature data (10-15). For .- (SOD) activity, superoxide anion (O2 ) content, total oral treatment, CdCl2 and Mg(CH3COO)2 (Merck, oxidative status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Darmstadt, Germany) were dissolved in distilled water advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels. and the Cdor group received a single Cd dose of 30 mg Two routes of Cd exposure were chosen on the basis -1 kg b.w. by orogastric tube, while the Cd+Mgor group of two possible scenarios of human exposure to Cd: received a single Mg dose of 50 mg kg-1 b.w. one hour oral (or) as a model for exposure via food and water, before receiving oral Cd. A solution for intraperitoneal and intraperitoneal (ip) as a model for parenteral treatment was obtained in isotonic saline and the total exposure, i.e. inhalation. Our previous study (13) has injected volume in the peritoneal cavity was 0.5 mL. shown that oral pretreatment with Mg had benefi cial Rats in the Cdip group were intraperitoneally injected effects on all parameters of oxidative stress in the liver, a single Cd dose of 1.5 mg kg-1 b.w., while rats in