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Tome Xi 1973 N° 3 ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES SOCIALES ET POLITIQUES INSTITUT D'ETUDES SUD-EST EUROPEENNES TOME XI 1973N° 3 Contributionsàl'étude de la ronnanité orientale Un ouvrage sur la croisade au XIV' siècle Contacts culturels Métiers traditionnels et vie urbaine EDITIONS DE L'ACADEMIE DE LA REPUBLIQUE SOCIALISTE DE ROUMANIE www.dacoromanica.ro La REVUE DES eTUDES SUD-EST EUROKENNES paratt 4 fois par an. Toute comman- de de l'étranger (fascicules ou abonnements) sera adressée 1 a ROMPRESFILATELIA», Boite postale 2001, Telex 011631, Bucarest Roumanie, ou a ses représentants a I 'étranger. La correspondance, les manuscrits et les publications (livres, revues, etc.) envoy& pour comptes rendus seront adressés à l'INSTITUT D'ETUDES SUD-EST EUROPEENNES, Bucarest, sectorul 1,str.I.C. Frimu 9, pour la REVUE DES ETUDES SUD-EST EUROPEENNES. Les articles seront remis dactylographiés en trois exemplaires. Les collaborateurs sont priés de ne pas dépasser les limites de 25-30 pages dactylographiées pour les articles et de 5 1 8 pages pour les comptes rendus. EDITIONS DE L'ACADEMIE DE LA REPUBLIQUE SOCIALISTE DE ROUMANIE 3 bis, rue Gutenberg, Bucarest, Roumanie www.dacoromanica.ro EROPE8111ES TOME XI-1973 N°3 ÉDITIONS DE L'ACADÉMIE DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE SOCIALISTE DE ROUMANIE www.dacoromanica.ro Comité de rédaction M. BERZA, membre correspondant de l'Acadérnie de la République Socialiste de Roumanie rédacteur en chef; ALEXANDRU DUTU- réclacteur en chef adjoint; EM. CONDURACHI, A. ROSETTI, membres de l'Académie de la République Socialiste de Roumanie; H. MIHAESCU, COSTIN MURGESCU, D.M.PIPPIDI, membres correspondants de l'Acadimie de la République Sociallste de Roumanie ; AL. ELIAN, VALENTIN GEORGESCU, FR. PALL, MIHAI POP, EUGEN STANESCU www.dacoromanica.ro REVUE DES ÉTUDES SUD-EST EUROPtENNES TOME XI 1973 N°3 SOMMAIRE Contributions It l'étude de la romanité orientale D. TUDOR, Nouvelles données épigraphiques relatives it C. Arrius Antoninus, consularis Daciae et Dalmatiae et it P. Helvius Pertinax, consularis Daciae 415 H. MIHAESCU, La diffusion de la langue latine dans le Sud-Est de l'Europe.. 423 Un ouvrage sur la eroisacle au XIV' siaele M. BERZA, Petite histoire d'un grand livre : i Philippe de Mézières (1327-1405)* par N. Iorga 443 Contaots eulturels TITO FERIOZZI (Roma), Gil inizi del cirillico a stampa 461 EKREHARD VCILKL (Regensburg), Die Moldau und der II zweite Siidslavische Ein- fluss * 475 Métiers traditionnels et vie urbaine VASIL MARINOV (Sofia), Contributions it l'étude de la viticulture traditionnelle et de la vinification dans la ville d'Assenovgrad (Stanimaka) 1 487 L IV IU P. MARCU, Soziologische Aspekte des Verstödterungsprozesses im zeitgenössischen Stidosteuropa 513 DisCU88ions Localisations de sites d'époque romaine et byzantine dans la zone du Bas-Danube (A. Bel- pacou-Ghimpa) ; Rigas velestinlis et les recherches contemporaines (C.Papacosiea- Danielopolu) 553 Chronique 11-I. DJ. SIRUNII (1890-1973) (Andrei Pippidi) 569 REV. gTUDES SUD EST-EUROP., XI, 3,P. 411-606, BUCAREST, 1973 www.dacoromanica.ro 414 Comptes rendus Coe eTbr H paccHani Kexamm elm (H. Mihdescu) ; A. KOSTALLARI, Mbi disa vecori strukturore e funksionale te gjuhes utrare shqipe te kohes sone (CMlina Vdtdsescu); ALEXANDRU DUTU, CArtile de intelepciune In cultura romanA (AndreiPippidi); VLAD GEORGESCU, Ideile politicesi iluminismul in Principatele romAne (C. Papacostea-Danielopolu) ; ELIZA CAMPUS, Intelegerea balcanicii(Con- stantinlordan-Sima) 571 Notices bibliographiques 539 Livres refits 603 www.dacoromanica.ro Contribution à l'étude de la romanité orientale NOUVELLES DONNAS tPIGRAPHIQUES RELATIVESA C. ARRIUS ANTONINUS, CONSULARIS DACIAE ET DALMATIAE ET A P. HELVIUS PERTINAX, CONSULARIS DACIAE D. TUDOR Grace aux découvertes archéologiques de ces dernières années, aussi variées qu'abondantes, la colonie de Romula Malva de la Dacie méridionale est entrée dans le circuit international des préoccupations scientifiques. Tous ceux qui connaissent la tepographie de Romula peuvent se rendre connpte de l'importance de cette ville la première parmi cenes de Dacia Malvensis. La zone archéologique urbaine,avecsea. quartiers extra muros et ses quatre nécropoles, couvre une superficie dépas- sant .200 ha. Deux castra, deux enceintes en maçonnerie (l'une quadri- latère, l'autre polygonale) protégeant la ville, un aqueduc de 5 km., un égout central avec les proportions d'une cloaca maxima, des thermea. monumentaux, une curia grandiose, une grande villa suburbana, des. ateliers spécialisés dans la gravure des gemmes, tout un secteur de bri- queteries et quantité d'autres constructions ont été mis au jour. Le total du matériel épigraphique fourni par la ville de Romula Malva monte. A, 168 inscriptions latines, 16 grecques et une en palmyrien. Mentionnons dans ce lot, a, titre d'exernple, deux importants documents littéraires : la. brique gravée d'un vers homérique et l'épitaphe rédigée en hexamètres. sur le sarcophage d'Ael. Iulius Iulianus 1. D'une egale richesse s'avèrent les pièces de sculpture trouvées Romula Malva, dont certaines sont une rareté pour le panthéon de l'Em- pire. llentionnons à cet égard les deux bas-reliefs en marbre décou- Sur la topographie et l'histoire de Romula Malva, voir en général : D. Tudor, Oltenia romancl, 3° .61, Bucarest, 1968, passim ;idem,Romula, Bucarest,1968(Ed. Meridiane) idem, ()rase, ltrguri si sate tn Dacia rcmand, Bucarest,1968,p. 342-356; Gh. Popilian, Revista muzeelor1969, 2, p. 167-169;M. Babes,Dacia *, NS, XIV, 1970, p. 167-206.. REV. ETUDES SUD-EST EUROP., XI, 3, P. 415-422, BUCAREST, 1973 www.dacoromanica.ro 416 D. TUDOR 2 vertes récentes que nous avons présentées au dernier Congrès international d'épigraphie grecque et latine (Munich, septembre 1972) et qui nous révt- lent une divinité provincial° encore ignorée : Da Dxrdanica. Ces deux pièces constituent aussi un premier témoignage de la présence d'éléments dardaniens en Dacie méridionale, colonisés A, Romula Malva et dans le territoire afférent 2. Le même congrès munichois a apporté quelques donn.ées nouvelles concernant le problème si controversédel'identification de Romula avec Malva. Il s'agit de /a contribution du prof. Michael P. Speidel, de l'Université de Honolulu. En procédant 4 la révision d'une épitaphe trouvée près de la Césarée (Maurétanie), publiée depuis longtemps 3, Speidel a constaté que le &flint Sex. Iul. Iulianus était un tribunus n(umeri) Syrorum M(a)lvensium. C'est un fait généralement connu que es numeri indiquent par cette sorte d'appellatifs leur garnison et que le numerus Syrorum sagittariorum stationna un temps en Dacie, à Romula. iqécessairement, Speidel aboutit done A la conclusion évidente que Pins- aription mise au jour en Maurétanie parle de la vine de Malva et non pas de la province Dacia Malcensis. Un troisième document catégori, gue relatif à Pidentité topographique des deux localités en question : ILQMUla et Malva, nous est fourni de cette manière. Ceci n'emp'é,`che pas néanmoins la persistance de quelques autres opinions, erronées, qui interprètent le génitif pluriel Malvensium comme indignant le nom de la province (Dacia Malvensis) et non un toponyme 4. Quant à l'importance archéologique de ce site si disputé, il eonvient de noter que cinq grandes institutions scientifiques roumaines sont engagées à l'heure actuelle dans les fouilles de Romula Malva, à savoir :l'Institut d'Archéologie de Bucarest, le Centre de Re,cherches de l'Académie des Sciences Sociales et Politiques de Craiova, le Musée d'Histoire Nationale (Bucarest), le Musk!, Central Militaire (Bucarest) _et le Musée de Caracal toutes ces insti- tutions bénéficiant du concours d'importantes équipes d'archéologueS. La brique que nous nous proposons de dé,crire ci-après s'avère d'une grande pOrtée historique pour la Dacie romaine. Conservée preS- que intact° (seul son angle de droite, en bas,-s'était détaché mais il a été recollé), elle est longue de 44 cm, large de 27 cm. et épaisse de 7 mi. Un habitant de l'endroit l'a &convert° il y a quatre ans, jetée depuis 2 D. Tudor 0 Cristian V/Adescu, ApulumX, 1972, et D. Tudor, Homenaje al Prof. A. Garcia y Bellido, Madrid, 1973, sous presse. 3 CIL. VIII, 9381; cf. 20945 --= ILS. 2763 et l'addenda. Cf. M. P. Speidel,Dacia s, NS, XVII, 1973, sous presse. 4 Concernant les débats autour de l'identité de Romula avec Malva, voir notamment D. Tudor, Omagiu lui C. Giureecu, Bucarest, 1914, p. 523 531 ; idem, Oltenia roman& p. 211214 ; H. Nesselhauf, Madrider Mitteilungen*, 5, 1964, p. 180-184; C. Daicoviciu,Acta Mus. Napocensis it,4, 1967, p. 73-83 et 7, 1970, p. 124-129; F. Vittinghoff,Acta Mus. Napo- censis6, 1969, p. 130-147 et Speidel, arl. cil. www.dacoromanica.ro 3 ENOUVELLES DONNSEIS APIGBLAPHIQUEIS 417 longtemps dans le lit du ruisseau Teslui qui traverse les ruines de la cité. rornaine (fig. 1 et 2). Nous avons acheté, avec Gh. Popilian,cette pike qui h. présent se trouve au Musée de la ville de Caracal (no. 5912). Sur un côté, la brique porte suivant un tracé qui dessine presque un angle droit Pempreinte des trois doigts médians d'une main : trois. sillons parallèles. C'est un type de brique qui s'est maintenu (comme- f orrne et dimensions) dans la plaine qui s'étend en Olténie du. sud-est (Sucidava, Slgveni, Romula, Acidava, etc.) même au cours des III'IV° sikles de n.6. L'unique changement que Pon peut relever réside dans la disposition des empreintes, qui s'entrecroisent sur l'une des faces de la brique, au centre, en dirigeant leurs extrémités vers les quatre coins de l'objet. Leur rôle était de rnieux fixer la brique dans le mortier. On pourrait utiliser cette sorte de détails techniques comme une espêce- d'indices chronologiques. Le principal élément de la brique livrée par les eaux du. Teslui consiste dans son inscription. Elle a été gravée avec un clou, piste après. le coulage, lorsque l'objet se trouvait encore sur Pétabli du briquetier,, avant la cuisson.
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