2011 Mathematics Newsletter
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You and AI Conversations About AI Technologies and Their Implications for Society
You and AI Conversations about AI technologies and their implications for society SUPPORTED BY CONVERSATIONS ABOUT AI TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIETY DeepMind1 2 CONVERSATIONS ABOUT AI TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIETY You and AI Conversations about AI technologies and their implications for society Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the science of making computer systems smart, and an umbrella term for a range of technologies that carry out functions that typically require intelligence in humans. AI technologies already support many everyday products and services, and the power and reach of these technologies are advancing at pace. The Royal Society is working to support an environment of careful stewardship of AI technologies, so that their benefits can be brought into being safely and rapidly, and shared across society. In support of this aim, the Society’s You and AI series brought together leading AI researchers to contribute to a public conversation about advances in AI and their implications for society. CONVERSATIONS ABOUT AI TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIETY 3 What AI can, and cannot, do The last decade has seen exciting developments in AI – and AI researchers are tackling some fundamental challenges to develop it further AI research seeks to understand what happens or inputs do not follow a standard intelligence is, and then recreate this through pattern, these systems cannot adapt their computer systems that can automatically rules or adjust their approach. perform tasks that require some level of reasoning or intelligence in humans. In the last decade, new methods that use learning algorithms have helped create In the past, AI research has concentrated computer systems that are more flexible on creating detailed rules for how to carry and adaptive, and Demis Hassabis FRS out a task and then developing computer (co-founder, DeepMind) has been at the systems that could carry out these rules; forefront of many of these developments. -
Career Pathway Tracker 35 Years of Supporting Early Career Research Fellows Contents
Career pathway tracker 35 years of supporting early career research fellows Contents President’s foreword 4 Introduction 6 Scientific achievements 8 Career achievements 14 Leadership 20 Commercialisation 24 Public engagement 28 Policy contribution 32 How have the fellowships supported our alumni? 36 Who have we supported? 40 Where are they now? 44 Research Fellowship to Fellow 48 Cover image: Graphene © Vertigo3d CAREER PATHWAY TRACKER 3 President’s foreword The Royal Society exists to encourage the development and use of Very strong themes emerge from the survey About this report science for the benefit of humanity. One of the main ways we do that about why alumni felt they benefited. The freedom they had to pursue the research they This report is based on the first is by investing in outstanding scientists, people who are pushing the wanted to do because of the independence Career Pathway Tracker of the alumni of University Research Fellowships boundaries of our understanding of ourselves and the world around the schemes afford is foremost in the minds of respondents. The stability of funding and and Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowships. This us and applying that understanding to improve lives. flexibility are also highly valued. study was commissioned by the Royal Society in 2017 and delivered by the Above Thirty-five years ago, the Royal Society The vast majority of alumni who responded The Royal Society has long believed in the Careers Research & Advisory Centre Venki Ramakrishnan, (CRAC), supported by the Institute for President of the introduced our University Research Fellowships to the survey – 95% of University Research importance of identifying and nurturing the Royal Society. -
Mathematics People
Mathematics People Ooguri Receives Chunichi Turaev and Virelizier Awarded Cultural Award Balaguer Prize Hirosi Ooguri of the California Vladimir Turaev of Indiana Uni- Institute of Technology has been versity and Alexis Virelizier of honored with the 2016 Chunichi Université Lille 1 have been awarded Cultural Award. The award carries the 2016 Ferran Sunyer i Balaguer a cash prize of 2 million yen (ap- Prize for their monograph Monoidal proximately US$20,000). Categories and Topological Field According to the prize citation, Theory. The monograph introduces Ooguri was honored for the “devel- monoidal categories and Penrose’s opment of innovative methods of graphical calculus; gives an alge- modern mathematics in high energy braic description of the center of Hirosi Ooguri theory.” His work involves “creating monoidal categories based on the Vladimir Turaev new theoretical tools in quantum theory of Hopf monads as devel- field theory and superstring theory.” He is especially oped by Virelizier and coauthors; known for his work on topological string theory, “which explains topological quantum field has had broad applications ranging from black hole phys- theories, including fundamental ics to algebraic geometry and knot theory in mathematics.” earlier work of Reshetihkin-Turaev Ooguri is a past recipient of the AMS Eisenbud Prize and Turaev-Viro; and shows how to (2008), a Humboldt Research Award (2008), the Nishina present ribbon graphs by diagrams Memorial Prize (2009), a Simons Investigator Award on skeletons of 3-manifolds and (2012), and the Kodansha Prize for Science Books of define graph topological quantum Japan (2014) for his popular science book, Introduction to field theories by means of state Superstring Theory. -
Reference and Book List
Reference and Book List The Reference section of the Notices Upcoming Deadlines and for AMS scholarships. See http:// is intended to provide the reader with October 10, 2003: Applications for www.mccme.ru/mathinmoscow or frequently sought information in AWM Collaborative Research Grants contact Math in Moscow, P.O. Box 524, an easily accessible manner. New for Women. See the AWM website, Wynnewood, PA 19096; fax: +7095- information is printed as it becomes http://www.awm-math.org/news/ 291-65-01; email: [email protected]. For available and is referenced after the collab.html. information about and application first printing. As soon as information October 15, 2003: Proposals for NSA forms for the AMS scholarships, see is updated or otherwise changed, it Grant and Sabbatical Programs. See http://www.ams.org/careers-edu/ will be noted in this section. http://www.nsa.gov/programs/ mimoscow.html or contact Math in msp/grants.html. Moscow Program, Membership and Contacting the Notices October 15, 2003: Applications for Programs Department, American The preferred method for contacting spring semester of Math in Moscow Mathematical Society, 201 Charles the Notices is electronic mail. The editor is the person to whom to send Where to Find It articles and letters for consideration. A brief index to information that appears in this and previous issues. Articles include feature articles, AMS Bylaws—November 2003 p. 1283 memorial articles, communications, AMS Email Addresses—November 2003, p. 1266 opinion pieces, and book reviews. The AMS Ethical Guidelines—June/July 2002, p. 706 editor is also the person to whom to AMS Officers 2002 and 2003 (Council, Executive Committee, send news of unusual interest about Publications Committees, Board of Trustees)—May 2003, p. -
Marcus Du Sautoy Cutting an Impressive Figure
MARCUS DU SAUTOY CUTTING AN IMPRESSIVE FIGURE Mathematician Marcus du Sautoy is Science, for The Times. His books include The Music using his passion for the subject to of the Primes and Finding Moonshine. inspire a new generation of genius. And his own inspiration? “One of my heroes is Sir Christopher Zeeman. He’s a first rate mathematician He is an EPSRC senior media fellow and was but also a great communicator. I went to see the appointed University of Oxford’s Simonyi Professor Christmas Lecture he gave when I was 13 years for the Public Understanding of Science in 2008 – old and I came away saying ‘I want to be him when succeeding Professor Richard Dawkins. I grow up’.” “Maths is a way of understanding the way the world Thirty years later, du Sautoy is at the top of his field. works,” says du Sautoy. “It’s about seeing where you His career accolades range from the Berwick Prize are coming from and, more excitingly, predicting of the London Mathematical Society to being listed what happens next. It is the language of nature and as one of Esquire Magazine’s 100 most influential it is a way of unlocking the secrets of the universe.” men under 40. He recently wrote and presented BBC4’s The Story “Without EPSRC’s support there is no way I could of Maths, and has presented a number of Horizon have made the same impact,” he says. “The senior programmes. He is a regular contributor to media fellows scheme is so inspired that I am newspapers, including a weekly column, Sexy pushing for more positions to be created.” “IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT SCIENCE HAS AMBASSADORS TO COMMUNICATE THE EXCITEMENT AND IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE IN SOCIETY.”. -
A Panorama of Harmonic Analysis
AMS / MAA THE CARUS MATHEMATICAL MONOGRAPHS VOL 27 A PANORAMA OF HARMONIC ANALYSIS Steven G. Krantz A Panorama of Harmonic Analysis Originally published by The Mathematical Association of America, 1999. ISBN: 978-1-4704-5112-7 LCCN: 99-62756 Copyright © 1999, held by the American Mathematical Society Printed in the United States of America. Reprinted by the American Mathematical Society, 2019 The American Mathematical Society retains all rights except those granted to the United States Government. ⃝1 The paper used in this book is acid-free and falls within the guidelines established to ensure permanence and durability. Visit the AMS home page at https://www.ams.org/ 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 24 23 22 21 20 19 10.1090/car/027 AMS/MAA THE CARUS MATHEMATICAL MONOGRAPHS VOL 27 A Panorama of Harmonic Analysis Stephen G. Krantz THE CARUS MATHEMATICAL MONOGRAPHS Published by THE MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA Committee on Publications William Watkins, Chair Carus Mathematical Monographs Editorial Board Steven G. Krantz, Editor Robert Burckel John B. Conway Giuliana P. Davidoff Gerald B. Folland Leonard Gillman The following Monographs have been published: 1. Calculus of Variations, by G. A. Bliss (out of print) 2. Analytic Functions of a Complex Variable, by D. R. Curtiss (out of print) 3. Mathematical Statistics, by H. L. Rietz (out of print) 4. Projective Geometry, by J. W. Young (out of print) 5. A History of Mathematics in America before 1900, by D. E. Smith and Jekuthiel Ginsburg (out of print) 6. Fourier Series and Orthogonal Polynomials, by Dunham Jackson (out of print) 7. -
On Greenberg's L-Invariant of the Symmetric Sixth Power of An
On Greenberg's L-invariant of the symmetric sixth power of an ordinary cusp form Robert Harron July 29, 2012∗ Abstract We derive a formula for Greenberg's L-invariant of Tate twists of the symmetric sixth power of an ordinary non-CM cuspidal newform of weight ≥ 4, under some technical assumptions. This requires a “sufficiently rich" Galois deformation of the symmetric cube which we obtain from the symmetric cube lift to GSp(4)=Q of Ramakrishnan{Shahidi and the Hida theory of this group developed by Tilouine{Urban. The L-invariant is expressed in terms of derivatives of Frobenius eigenvalues varying in the Hida family. Our result suggests that one could compute Greenberg's L-invariant of all symmetric powers by using appropriate functorial transfers and Hida theory on higher rank groups. Contents Introduction 2 Notation and conventions 3 1 Greenberg's theory of trivial zeroes 4 1.1 Ordinarity, exceptionality, and some Selmer groups . .4 1.2 Greenberg's L-invariant . .7 1.3 Symmetric power L-invariants of ordinary cusp forms . .9 2 Input from GSp(4)=Q 10 2.1 Notation and conventions . 10 2.2 The Ramarkrishnan{Shahidi symmetric cube lift . 11 2.3 Hida deformation of ρ3 on GSp(4)=Q ........................... 12 ∗Original preprint version: July 13, 2010. This is a very slightly corrected preprint version. Published version: Compositio Mathematica 148 (2012), pp. 1033{1050; doi: 10.1112/S0010437X12000176 Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin{Madison 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 11R23, 11F80, 11R34, 11F67 Keywords: L-invariants, p-adic L-functions, Hida families This research was partially supported by a doctoral research scholarship from the FQRNT 2 Robert Harron 3 Calculating the L-invariant 14 3.1 Constructing the global Galois cohomology class . -
Summary of 2006 Research Activities
Summary of 2006 Research Activities The activities of CMI researchers and research programs are described below. Researchers and programs are selected by the Scientific Advisory Board (see inside back cover). Researchers, workshops & conferences Clay Research Fellows Artur Avila began his three-year appointment in July Clay Research Fellow Samuel Payne. 2006. He is currently working at IMPA in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where he received his Ph.D. Alan Carey (Australian National University). May 1—July 30, 2006 at the Erwin Schrodinger Institute Samuel Payne graduated from the University of in Vienna. Michigan and is working at Stanford University. Ludmil Katzarkov (University of California, Irvine). He has a four-year appointment that began in June June 1– June 30, 2006 at the University of Miami. 2006. Mihalis Dafermos (University of Cambridge). Sophie Morel graduated from Université de Paris- December 31, 2006 – December 30, 2007. Sud, where she is currently conducting her work. She Senior Scholars began her five-year appointment in October 2006 at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Yongbin Ruan (University of Wisconsin, Madison). January—May 2006. MSRI program on New Avila, Payne, and Morel joined CMI’s current group Topological Methods in Physics. of research fellows Daniel Biss (University of Chicago), Maria Chudnovsky (Columbia University), Jean-Louis Colliot-Thélène (Université de Paris- Ben Green (MIT), Bo’az Klartag (Princeton Sud). January 9—May 19, 2006. MSRI program on University), Ciprian Manolescu (Columbia Rational and Integral Points on Higher-Dimensional University), Maryam Mirzakhani (Princeton Varieties. University), David Speyer (University of Michigan), Robion Kirby (Stanford University). June 25–July András Vasy (Stanford) and Akshay Venkatesh 15, 2006. -
Relations Between Modern Mathematics and Poetry: Czesław Miłosz; Zbigniew Herbert; Ion Barbu/Dan Barbilian
Relations between Modern Mathematics and Poetry: Czesław Miłosz; Zbigniew Herbert; Ion Barbu/Dan Barbilian by Loveday Jane Anastasia Kempthorne A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington 2015 Abstract This doctoral thesis is an examination of the relationship between poetry and mathematics, centred on three twentieth-century case studies: the Polish poets Czesław Miłosz (1911-2004) and Zbigniew Herbert (1924-1998), and the Romanian mathematician and poet Dan Barbilian/Ion Barbu (1895-1961). Part One of the thesis is a review of current scholarly literature, divided into two chapters. The first chapter looks at the nature of mathematics, outlining its historical developments and describing some major mathematical concepts as they pertain to the later case studies. This entails a focus on non-Euclidean geometries, modern algebra, and the foundations of mathematics in Europe; the nature of mathematical truth and language; and the modern historical evolution of mathematical schools in Poland and Romania. The second chapter examines some existing attempts to bring together mathematics and poetry, drawing on literature and science as an academic field; the role of the imagination and invention in the languages of both poetics and mathematics; the interest in mathematics among certain Symbolist poets, notably Mallarmé; and the experimental work of the French groups of mathematicians and mathematician-poets, Bourbaki and Oulipo. The role of metaphor is examined in particular. Part Two of the thesis is the case studies. The first presents the ethical and moral stance of Czesław Miłosz, investigating his attitudes towards classical and later relativistic science, in the light of the Nazi occupation and the Marxist regimes in Poland, and how these are reflected in his poetry. -
Height One Specializations of Selmer Groups
HEIGHT ONE SPECIALIZATIONS OF SELMER GROUPS BHARATHWAJ PALVANNAN Abstract. We provide applications to studying the behavior of Selmer groups under specialization. We consider Selmer groups associated to four dimensional Galois representations coming from (i) the tensor product of two cuspidal Hida families F and G, (ii) its cyclotomic deformation, (iii) the tensor product of a cusp form f and the Hida family G, where f is a classical specialization of F with weight k ≥ 2. We prove control theorems to relate (a) the Selmer group associated to the tensor product of Hida families F and G to the Selmer group associated to its cyclotomic deformation and (b) the Selmer group associated to the tensor product of f and G to the Selmer group associated to the tensor product of F and G. On the analytic side of the main conjectures, Hida has constructed one variable, two variable and three variable Rankin-Selberg p-adic L-functions. Our specialization results enable us to verify that Hida’s results relating (a) the two variable p-adic L-function to the three variable p-adic L-function and (b) the one variable p-adic L-function to the two variable p-adic L-function and our control theorems for Selmer groups are completely consistent with the main conjectures. Studying the behavior of Selmer groups under specialization has been quite fruitful in the context of the main conjectures in Iwasawa theory. We cite three examples where the topic of specializations of Selmer groups has come up in the past; it has come up in a work of Greenberg [7] to prove a result involving classical Iwasawa modules corresponding to a factorization formula proved by Gross involving Katz’s 2-variable p-adic L-function, in the work of Greenberg-Vatsal [12] while studying an elliptic curve with an isogeny of degree p and in an earlier work of ours [27] to prove a result involving Selmer groups corresponding to a factorization formula proved by Dasgupta involving Hida’s Rankin-Selberg 3-variable p-adic L-function. -
Robert POLLACK [email protected] (Updated January 6, 2021)
Robert POLLACK http://math.bu.edu/people/rpollack [email protected] (updated January 6, 2021) Employment 2015{present Boston University, Professor 2009{2015 Boston University, Associate Professor 2004{2009 Boston University, Assistant Professor 2002{2004 University of Chicago, VIGRE Dickson Instructor 2003{2004 University of Chicago, NSF Postdoctoral Fellow 2001{2002 University of Washington, NSF Postdoctoral Fellow Research Interests ? Algebraic number theory ? Elliptic curves and modular forms ? p-adic L-functions and Iwasawa theory ? p-adic variation of automorphic forms Education June 2001 Harvard University, Ph.D. June 1997 Harvard University, M.A. May 1996 Washington University, B.S. Visiting positions 2016{2018 Max Planck Institute for Mathematics (Bonn), Visiting Scientist Awards 2016{2017 Simons Fellowship in Mathematics 2010 Gitner Award for Distinguished Teaching (College-wide award) 2006{2007 Sloan Research Fellowship Research grants 2017{2021 NSF grant DMS-1702178 Iwasawa theory of extended eigenvarieties 2013{2017 NSF grant DMS-1303302 p-adic variation in Iwasawa theory 2010{2013 NSF grant DMS-1001768 p-adic local Langlands and Iwasawa theory 2007{2010 NSF grant DMS-0701153 Overconvergent cohomology of higher rank groups 2004{2007 NSF grant DMS-0439264 (joint with Tom Weston) p-adic variation of supersingular Iwasawa invariants 2001{2004 NSF postdoctoral fellowship DMS-0102036 p-adic L-series of modular forms at supersingular primes Other grants 2016{2017 NSF conference grant DMS-1601028 (co-PI) L-functions and Arithmetic 2014{2015 NSF conference grant DMS-1404999 (co-PI) p-adic Variation and Number Theory 2013{2016 NSF grant DMS-1404999 (co-PI) Boston University/Keio University Workshops 2005 NSF conference grant DMS-0509836 Open Questions and Recent Developments in Iwasawa Theory Papers accepted in peer reviewed journals ? On µ-invariants and congruences with Eisenstein series Compositio Mathematica, 155 (2019), no. -
Ising NOW on FACEBOOK
Summer 2012 Issue 23 How many schools and teachers do you reach – worldwide? The European journal for science teachers In this issue: Build your own radio telescope Advertising in Science in School · Choose between advertising in the quarterly print journal or on our website. Also: · Website: reach over 30 000 science educators worldwide – every month. · In print: target over 5000 European science educators every quarter, including NOW ON FACEBOOK: over 3500 named subscribers. Intersex: www.facebook.com/scienceinschool · Distribute your flyers, brochures, CD-ROMs or other materials to the recipients of the print copies. For more details, see www.scienceinschool.org/advertising Published by falling outside EIROforum: the norm ISSN: 1818-0353 Subscribe (free in Europe): www.scienceinschool.org Published and funded by EIROforum Editorial About Science in School The European journal for science teachers Science in School is the only teaching journal to cover all sciences and target the whole of hat makes diamonds strong or a tiger stripy? Europe and beyond. Contents include cutting- Why is music uplifting or the Alhambra pal- edge science, teaching materials and much Wace beautiful? The answer: mathematics. As more. mathematician Marcus du Sautoy explains in our feature Brought to you by Europe’s top scientific article, mathematics is all around us – and this can be the research institutes key to exciting lessons. Science in School is published and funded by EIROforum (www.eiroforum.org), a partnership X and Y – algebra or sex chromosomes? We used to think between eight of Europe’s largest intergovern- the ‘equation’ was simple – XX = female, XY = male – but mental scientific research organisations.