DEP:2\RTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
REPORT
OF THE GOVERNOR OF HAW All
TO THE
SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR
FOR THE
FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1924
WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1924
CONTENTS
Page lntroduct.ion______~------1 Hawaiian homes settlement ____ ------__ --- 1 Bill of rights approved ______---- __ - ______2 Equal rights of citizenship____ ---- ___ - ______- ______2 Budget system for the Tei'ritory _____ - ______- ______2 Tourist, facilities ______------_ ------_ - ----_____ -----______2 Hawaii National Park ______2 N'ational defense~- ______- _· ______----______2 Hawaii's strategic harbors ______-- ______------______3 Foreign-language school litigation_ - ______- ______Elections ______4 4 Haw~iian birth registration ______---___ ----______- ____ - ______8 C!)unty and city and county governments______.______10 Fmances ____ - - ______- _ -- - - __ ------·------10 Territorial bonded indebtedness.___ - - ___ - --- __ -----_ ----_ - ______11 Receipts and disbursements, general______12 Miscellaneous funds_ - ___ ------_____ -- _ - -- ____ - ___ - - ______13 Taxes collected, etc_____ ·------__ ------______--- ______14 Sources and distribution of revenues _____ - ______19 Investments by the treasurer ______~ ___ ~ ______20 Corporations______. ______21 Banks_ _ ------·------22 Insurance -_ _ _ ------23 Commerce- __ ------. ------24 Imports and exports ______- _ - ___ - - ______25 Customs receipts ______- - - ______..: ______27 Arrivals of vessels ______- --_ ------______27 Hawaii tourist bureau ______- __ - - ___ - ______27 Transportation facilities _____ ------__ - ______- ______- 28 TrlJ,ffic with the mainland ______28 Through service ______- ___ -- ______- ______- ______29 Interisland traffic ______30 Steam railroads ______- - ___ -- _____ - ______--____ _ 31 Street railroads______------___ --- ______- _ 32 Automobiles______------_ - - - - ______-- ______----- __ -- 32 Lighthouses ______------32 Telegraphs and telephones _____ -- __ - - _ - ______33 Postal service______- ___ - - _ - _ - _ -- ___ -- ______- ______33 Population and race statistics___ ---- __ - --______35 Citizens by raciai descent_ ------___ -- ______-- ____ _ 37 i~hlffi:!!~~ and labor___ ------_____ ---______- - - - ______37 38 Hydrography______------____ -- ______. - ______41 43 FarJf!a~fb5a~~------43 Survey department______-- _ - ---- _ - - ___ ----______- ___ - __ 44 Agricultural experiment station, United States______- ______47 Agriculture and forestry ______- ____ ------______Forestry ______50 50 Entomology ______- - ____ - _____ - - ______• ____ • ____ • __ 51 Plantinspection ______51 A~imal industry __ -.--.- ______51 Hawanan Homes Commission___ ------______51 Public works ______- •• __ ------• -- ___ • ___ ------__ • ------55 Board of harbor commissioners __ ------60 Fish and game commission __ -- __ • -- __ - - ____ • ______• ______64 HI IV CONTENTS.
:Page- Publie utilities commission ______- - ______---- __ - ______- __ _ 64 Industrial accident boards ______--- ______- - __ - - __ 66 Public instruction ______68 University of Hawaii______72 Board of industrial schools ______---______72 \"\'."aimano home f.?r feeble-minded _____'_~-~------~------73 L1brary of Hawan ______74 Public archives ______----______Court ______75 0 76 · Territorial courts _____ ,_-----______-- __ - ______- ____ - - --- _ 76 LandCourt court of domestic ______relations ______--______------·---- _ 78 Federal court______79 79 Department of the attorney generaL ______- ______80 Territorial prison______------____ --- ______------_ 81 Public health_----- ______------__ - - - - - _____ - -- __ - ______84 VitaJ.statistics ______----______,______86 Health officer ___ ------· _------_------__ ------__ .90 Bureau of sanitary engineering______---- ______- ______90 · Pure food bureau ______91 Sanitary inspectors __ - - - _ ------_____ - ----______- --_ · 92 Venereal clinic ______94 Tuberculosis bureau __ ------______95 Public health nurses ______- _____ ------______96 Leprosy____ - --______-- __ - - · ___ ------______,. ______96 United States Public Health Service______102 National Guard of Hawaii______104 United States Internal Revenue Service______.__ _: ______Weather Bureau ______107 Appendixes ______108 109 A. Territorial Register and Directory ______109 B. Laws relating to Hawaii passed at the first session of the Sixty- eighth Congress, Dec. 3, 1923-June 7, 1924______117 Map of HawaiL ______At end REPORT OF THE GOVERNOR OF HAW All
ExECUTIVE CHAMBER, Honolulu, Hawaii, September 12, 1924. The SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR: Srn: The Territory ·of Hawaii continues to enjoy generally pros perous conditions. Public health records show gratifying results of safeguards estab lished through governmental agencies supported by a splendid spirit of cooperat10n from the people, exercised through philanthropic welfare enterprises. · The sugar crop and the pineapple crop, Hawaii's two main sources of prosperity, were the largest ever produced and marketed at fair figures. It is estimated that the sugar crop for 1924 will be 693,000 tons, representing an approximate value of $85,000,000. The pack of pineapples will be more t~an 6,000,000 cases, valued at ~pproxi mately $25,000,000. The yields· from some areas establish new world records and attest the splendid service rendered by the leaders of agricultural industry in the development of scientific management. Public education has maintained the traditionally high standard of Hawaii. The deposits in the savings banks as of June 30, 1924, were $23,238,363.06, the largest in our history. Developing commerce of the Pacific Ocean and the increasing trad_e and travel between ports of Hawaii and of the mainland are evidenced in the increased tonnage-6,899,681 during the past year-entering the harbors of this "Crossroads of the Pacific." The American merchant marine is more de.finitely in evidence on the Pacific than ever before. Combined imports and exports show a gain of 28 per cent over last year's totals.
HAWAIIAN HOMES SETTLEMENT Settlement of certain Territorial public lands carried on under the Hawaiian homes law of 1920 has proceeded far enough to warrant the belief ~hat this progra~ of getting the people of Hawaii back to the land gives great pronnse of complete success. Apparently the land speculation is eliminated under this plan, the land will be culti vated by citizens, and enough financial assistance is rendered by the government to give the home builder a fair start. Although the number of families placed on the land may appear small, they repre sent nearly 300 men, women, and children, and a good share of them have become sufficiently well established to begin making payments The .UPP.r?val of H. R. 412,1 by President C~olidge was a significant and grat1fvmg event of the year, l_>ecause 1t completed the con gressional 'recognition of the Territory of Hawaii as entitled to equality with the several States in general appropriations for Federal aid for highways, education, child welfare and maternity, and farm loan banks. This law was the favorable response of Congress to what is known as the" Hawaii bill of rights." EQUAL RIGHTS OF CITIZENSHIP Having received material recognition on the basis of its tax_r:,aying equality wi~~ the several Sta~es, the Territory of ~~waii. will nex:~ seek recogmtwn of the equal rights of all American citizens m Hawan when traveling between the ports of the Territory and the mainland ports of the Pacific coast. BUDGET SYSTEM FOR )'HE TERRITORY Thorough investigation of the accounting and statistical system of the Territory is b~ing c:1:r:ried forward unde1; authority of the _legisla ture of 1923. It IS ant1c1pated that the legislature of 1925 will have complete data to enable it to pass laws giving the Territory a com plete system of budget control patterned after the National Budget. TOURIST FACILITIES Rapid progress promises in the development of passenger and hotel accommodations that will make Hawaii's exceptional scenic and climatic advantages available to a steadily increasing number of tourists. The Los Angeles Steamship Co. has reconditioned its largest passenger steamship. The Matson Navigation Co. has placed a contract for a new and most modern passenger steamer. HAWAII NATIONAL PARK The Hawaii National Park received favorable recognition from Congress through the active interest shown by Congressman C. A. Newton, of Missouri, with the hearty cooperation of his associates who had visited the park and become acquainted with its important place in the national park system. At relatively small expenditure on roads, the world's greatest scenery of volcanic activity will be made comfortably available. NATIONAL DEFENSE Every day is national defense day in the Territory of Hawaii where the American citizens numbermg under the census approxi mately i 73,000 combine with the establishments of the departments of national defense to carry out all the many responsibilities devolv ing on citizens resident and serving what 1s umversally recognized as the "Key to the Pacific." · · ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HA.WAII, 1924 3 HA WAil'S STRATEGIC HARBORS Hawaii the strategic key to the Pacific must have adequate har bors if it is to fulfill its service to the commerce of the Pacific area. An epitome of national necessities in the Territory of Hawaii is fur nW:i,ed in the following extract from the bearing held January 8, 1924, before the Committee on Rivers and Harbors when Congress man C. A. Newton, of Missouri, and Congressman John J. Kindred, of New York, questioned Hon. Lyman H. Bigelow, superintendent of public works and chairman of the board of harbor commissioners for the Territory of Hawaii, who was presenting to the committee the harbor development program of the Territory: Mr. KINDRED. Mr. Chairman, have you any approximate estimate _as to what would be required to complete the necessary developments to improve the main harbors there [Territory of Hawaii]? Mr. NEWTON. I went over all the harbors this summer with Mr. Bigelow, and then we sat down with the engineers and figured what it would cost to complete the necessary improvements for all of the four harbors in the islands, and my recollection is that a little less than $4,000,000 would complete all. Mr. KINDRED. You mean by that the main ones? Mr. NEWTON. That is all they are asking. for. They want one big harbor · capable of taking care of the big ships; and the War Department advised us that that was what they needed in their program for national defense for the west coast. And we are making that the real basis for the naval operations for the west coast. Mr. KINDRED. We ought to act promptly on what is required for naval defense . . Mr. NEWTON. And when you take into consideration the fact that the Terri tory has contributed to the United States Government over $100,000,000 more than has been returned to them I feel that it would be reasonable to give them what they need; and I was surprised when I went over the projects with the Army engineers to ·find that apparently $4,000,000 would finish all the projects. Is that correct Mr. Bigelow? Mr. BIGELOW. I think so; between $4,000,000 and $5,000,000. Mr. KINDRED. I still believe in the efficacy of Army defense. Mr. NEWTON. When you hear the Army officers talk, and bear in mind that Hawaii is the extreme western point that we are permitted to fortify under the disarmament conference treaty, you will appreciate the basis of our claim of the · necessity for defense of the coast by means of projects for these islands. Mr. LINEBERGER. It assumes an importance which it never had before since the five-power compact has been adopted, because we are prohibited by that from fortifying anything west of these islands. . Mr. NEWTON. We can fortify these islands as much as we like, and the Panama Canal. Mr. KINDRED. Yes. And this is for the defense of the Pacific coast. Mr. NEWTON. Yes; with the Panama Canal. Mr. BIGELOW. I might say that in addition to these four principal harbors the Territory is spending money for the development of a lot of smaller harbors and landings and wharves for the convenience of their own traffic ll,t their own expense. Mr. NEWTON. They are not asking the Government to contribute on those? Mr. BIGELOW. No. Mr. KINDRED. You are building your bulkheads and your docks at your own expense? · Mr. BIGELOW. Yes, sir. Mr. NEWTON. And there are a number of small harbors where you are doing everything without asking the Government to contribute? Mr. BIGELOW. Yes, sir. 4 ANNUAL REPORT -OF GOVERNOR OF HAWATI; W24 FOREIGN-LANGUAGE SCHOOL LITiGATION The litigation concerning the foreign-language school law may be considered as in four groups. First there is the original bill for an injunction against the former superintendent of public instruction and the attorney general to prevent the enforcement of Act 30, 1920. Upon a demurrer inter posed to the bill, there were two questions passed upon by the third Judge of the local circuit court. As to the validity of certain regula tions the decision was against the Territory, while upon the main question, the constitutionality of the act, the Territory's contention was sustained. Upon cross appeals this decision went to the local supreme court. The matter was submitted, but no decision will be rendered until the supreme court has before it the other cases in volving the same :eoints. Subsequent to the amendment of Act 30, 1920, by Act 171, 1923, · whereby the former regulations were specifically embodied in the statute and other important additions made, another bill for an injunction was filed against the present superintendent of public instruction and the attorney general. Upon this petition to the first judge of the local circuit court for an injunction, as in the former one to the third judge, an ex parte order of injunction was made. Then comes the third division, or group, four criminal cases insti tuted against foreign-language school-teachers who were violating a statute other than the foreign-language school law, Act 36, 1920, which requires every school-teacher to have a certificate. These criminal cases were the occasion for another bill for an injunction, although this was to restrain the enforcement of Act 36. In this case the first judge permitted the T~rritory to be heard hefore granting an ex parte order of injunction and, after a hearing, declined to~~ . Without going into details, it will suffice to say that the main question as to the constitutionality of Act 30, as amended, has not yet been. passed u:eon by the Supreme Court. The third judge of the circuit court held that the act, in its original form, was constitu tional, and the first judge has held that Act 36 is constitutional. However, the supreme court rulings have already been obtained on two matters of importance, although they are but incidental to the main inquiry. They are (1) that schools, as such, are not proper :parties to complain, and (2) that a defendant is not entitled to a Jury trial in a misdemeanor case of little importance. If prosecuting attorneys throughout the Territory will take full advantage of this second decision, much will be accomplished to expedite and simplify criminal procedure. · It is expected that, upon the reconvening of the supreme court, these cases can be so presented to it that a determination of the main question will not long be deferred. ELECTIONS The Territorial elections are regularly held in November of each even year, to elect the Delegate to Congress from Hawaii for two years, one-half of the members of the senate for four years, and all of the members of the house of representatives for two years. For ANN11AL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 • 5 the island of Oahu are elected the mayor of the city and county of Honolulu and the supervisors, attorney, clerk, treasurer, auditor, and sheriff. The outside counties elect to the same offices with the ex ception of mayor. In the city and county of Honolulu and in the county of Maui the supervisors are elected at large, while in Kauai they are elected from the five districts making up that county. Since 1913 the county of Hawaii has had a system of electing three supervisors . from each of the two representative districts and one, the chairman of the board, from the island at large. In 1913 a direct primary law was enacted by the legislature. Pro . vision was also. made whereby the counties of Hawaii, Kauai, and Maui could hold elections separately from the Territorial elections. The dates of elections in the various counties and the city and county of Honolulu have been changed a number of times since then by legis lative enactment. The legislature of 1923, by Act 43, provided that all general elections of officers in the counties of Hawaii, Maui, and Kauai shall be on the first Tuesday after the second Monday in the month of November, 1923, and every second year there!tfter, and that officers elected shall take office at noon on the 2d day of January following the election, or, in case of a Sunday, on the 3d of Jauuary. In Hono lulu elections are every four years. The next election in Honolulu will be in November, 1927. . · , Under the provisions of the Hawaiian Homes Commission act, ap:proved by the President July 9, 1921, pay for the members of the legislature for each regular session was increased from $600 to $1,000 and for each special session from $200 to $500. The mileage rate was also increased from 10 cents to 20 cents a mile each way. Registered voters, by race8, at each general election -·--·····--·------..------.------Population 1920 census Registered voters €!thens 1922 of gain Total 1900 1002 1004 1006 1008 1910 1912 1914 1916 1922, com voting 1918 1920 speoi.al 1922 pared age to 1922 special ------1------Hawaiian._ •. _____ • ___ ._ ••...•••....••• 41, 750 19,613 8,680 9,260 9,635 8,ll67 9,619 ~,435 10,308 10, 7t\3 10,901 14,650 15,081 16,817 Tl, 002 6,881 594 728 1,~ Chinese.Portuguese ______••..••.•• ·-····-···-·--···--· 939 1,230 1,530 1,m 2,317 2,610 2,844 3,091 3,708 4,212 23,507 3,305 143 175 220 272 396 654 777 954 1,141 1,242 1,499 267 109, T/4 2,613 ------~- 3 2 6 13 48 112 179 287 658 970 1,135 165 { 1,932 1,872 --i;o14· 1,715 1,763 2,365 3,020 3,284 3,810 5,336 6,119 6,934 815 ~E:':r~s:n.British. ••.••. ·-·-----·····-·····-····-~---} --. ____ .. ---• ------. --. 54,379 14,816 546 542 5(13 567 554 648 t\36 695 831 912 81 309 301 301 322 333 720 692 &r~::n·::::: :::: : : :::: : : : : ::: : : : : : : : : : 405 373 246 195 234 ! !____ ~~- --··104· ····355· ····002· -----i~ Total._ .. _.. _____ ..•• _._ .•• _.. ___ 255,912 47,228 11,216 12,612 13,253 13,578 Increase._ •••..•.•.•. ____ •• _____ .• __ ..•• 13,274 14,442 15, 1851 17,699 18,981 20, 124 26,335 32,491 3,685 ------~------1,396 641 325 -304 1,168 743 2,514 1,282 1,143 6,211 ,~ 3,685 RECAPITULATION Hawaiian_._ ... _•.... __ ..•. _...•• __ ..•• Anglo-Saxon and Latin______------8,680 9,260 9,635 8,967 9,619 9,435 10,308 10,763 10,001 14,650 lo, 081 16,817 1,736 3,786 I 3,816 3,723 4,029 4 Oriental...... __ ..•. __ . __ •.•.. _•••.....• ------6,625 7,262 7,982 9,886 11,513 13,049 1,~ 146 177 220 278 ·tM 5,~i 766 956 1,241 1,799 2,212 2,634 Total.. - .. _•. --. __ . -. --.... ---..• ------11,216 12,612 13,253 13,578 13,274 14,442 15,185 17,699 18,981 20,124 26,335 28,806 32,491 3,685 Increase or. decrease: = ---= = ______..,_ Rawanan. ____ ... ____ •. _..•••.••.•• +580 -1-375 -668 Anglo-Saxon and Latin. ______------______., .. ------_.., ______-1-652 -184 -i-873 -l-455 +138 -l-3, 749 +m +l,736 Oriental.. •. ______.•••.•.. ___ ....• ------+so -93 -l-306 +385 +802 +1,409 -l-637 +120 +1, 004 +1,637 +1,527 ------~------+31 -l-43 +58 +131 +125 +232 -l-190 -1-285 -1-558 -l-413 -l-422 ____ ,. ___ 'l'otaL •. __ .. ---_•• ···---···----•• ------~--- -~------w~ ------+641 -l-325 -304 +1, 168 +743 +2, 514 -l-1,282 +1, 143 +6,211 +2,471 +3,685 N ou.-Figures for 1920, 1922 special, and 1922 include male and female voters. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 7 Senators and representatives, by parties and races, in each legislature SENATORS Repub- Demo· Home Ha· Portu- Other Biennial session lican cratlc Rule wailan guese whites 1901 ••... ··········-·· -·-· ··---· ·--·--..•. - 6 9 10 5 1903 ... _.. ---·---···--· .... ---·--·-· ---· --· 10 1 4 9 6 '1905 •••• ··--_ ------···--···· .•.. ·-. --· •• 14 1 7 8 1907 -·····-···-·-····· -· ····--·. --·-·-·-··. 12 2 1 8 7 1909 •• ·-··--·--·-· ·--· •. ····--··· -- . -······ 9 4 2 8 7 .1911 •.... --__ ··--__ • _..... _...... _...•.. 12 1 2 8 7 1913 •• _•• __ --_·- ___ •• _. _·-. __ ••• __ ••• _••••• l 8 l 5 2 16 l 9 1915 •• _. ··--··---· ·---•• --·-·-··· ••.•.• _••• 8 7 7 ,.. 8 1917 ··-·-··--·---··--· ••••• ··-·------···-·· 12 3 8 ·1· 6 1919. ___ . ·-_. --·-.. -· •• ·-- • ·--·. ·---. - ••• - • 14 I 7 7 1921. .... ·-· ·-·-···-... ··-··--··-·-·-...... 14 1 7 7 1921! .... ··--·· --·. ··-·-•... ·--·· .. ···-·· ••. 15 ------7 7 REPRESENTATIVES l\JOL •• -. ··-···-····-···--· .• ··-··----····· ll 4 17 23 7 1903 .... ·-·· ···-· ···-···-·· ..••... ······ ... 20 10 23 7 .1905 •••••• -·. - •• - ..•••••••••• • -• · · - • - · · • • -• 28 I 1 21 9 1907 ·-.•.. --. -·-... - - -· ..•...... · · ·. - . · · • • • 24 6 ••···••••• 24 2 4 1909 . ·····-·-···-····················--··· 22 7 1 21 3 6 1911. •••...... _.•...... _..•...••• 20 3j 7 1913 •• · ••••• _•.•...••.••••••••••... _•. _•••• ~ --· --11 i 20 2, 8. 1915•.•. -----··· - ... -··. -.•. -· - .. - .. • · · · • · • 29 1 19 4 7 1917··- •• ·------··-··-···-····--··-··· .••• 24 6 20 5 5 1919•••••• -·· ••• ··-·-•.•••. ---· -.• --· -• - - -• 24 6 21 5 4 .1921. ••• _ -··········· ----· -·---·--··· ••••• 26 4 21 3 7 1923 •.•...... _.. _... __ ..... _...••. 29 1 16 5 9 1 At the beginning of the session 1913 there were 9 Republicans, 4 Democrats, 2 Home Rule, 5 Hawaiians, ·and 10 white senators, but durin!f the session one white Republican senator died and a Hawaiian Democrat ·was elected in his place at a special election. Votes cast for Delegate to Congress' at each general election ------~------~------1922, Parties 1900 ' 1902 1004 1906 1908 I1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1920 SI:SC· 1922 ;e~u~l~can...... ~~'~ ·6, &28 6,833 7,364 8,049 -;,-023 8,590 7,702 7,34313, 626 ~4;; 11,667 ~1 4 5 IEit!tJt~======.i:~ ·4:698 _~:~6g _~:~ .!:~: . • ~t • ~~ ·=:~,t~; .~:~~ -~:~~~ .'~~~~~ ~~:~: Progressive·-·····-·· ···--- -··--· ·-···· ...... -·-·-- ··--·· ··-··· 610 ·----· ··-··· ···--· -···-· ··-··· Non·Partis~n....• -...•..•. -·-··· ..... - .... -- ...... ••• ·····- ··-··· .•.••• --·--· -····· 163 ·-··-· Total ••..... -.. 9, 58911, 32611, 990 12,43012, 31613, 54113, 340ill, 809 13, 33913, 375 22,336 24,213 25,972 Votes not cast or not counted-...... 1,627 1,286 1,263 1, 148 901 1,845 5,890 5,642 5, 749 3,999 4;593 6,519 1 Jonah Kumalae, 2,239 votes; L. L. McCandless, 6,874 votes. 8 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVER.NOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Registered voters, by race and sex, county elections, 1923 I County of County of Cityandcountyl County of· / I, Hawaii Maui of Honolulu Kauai : Race i . ···----1------>------! Total ___ I Male Female _Male Female Male Female M~~1 Female; __ Hawaiian...... I, 754 I, 221 l, 419 1, 136 3,237 2,665 540 [ 415 j 12,387 Part Hawaiian...... 461 375 115 69 1,458 1,273 101 ! 69 ; 3,921 Portuguese...... 812 282 55.3 252 1,662 570 341 ! 1:J6 ! 4,608 Chinese ...... -...... 130 30 102 26 1,276 197 57 f 22 , 1,840 Japanese...... 432 55 168 14 357 31 181 I 27 1,265 American...... 391 291 262 197 3,041 2,346 185 1 179 I1 6,892 British...... 146 53 40 10 447 124 29 1 7 856 German ______-~------~------... ------~------1 Others...... 170 34 83 16 490 72 119 20 I 1,004 TotaL ...... ~...... 4,296 2,341 I 2, 742 1,720 11,968 7,278 1, 5531 875 1 32, 773 i ' '-----'---'- ,-..~·-· ----- HA WAI'lAN BIRTH REGISTRATION Under the statutes of Hawaii providing "for the issuance of certifi cates of Hawaiian birth" by the secretary of Hawaii, 10,987 males and 2,461 females, a total of 13,448 births, have been registered. Those whose births are established by birth certificates are citizens · of the United States and are therefore entitled to every right of citizen ship. The question of the right ·of persons of oriental parentage, born in Hawaii and carrying Hawaiian birth certificates, to travel between Hawaii and the mainland, has been attacked, however, and bona fide holders of such certificates have not been accorded the privileges of travel, between Hawaii· and the mainland, as · other nationalities. This practice has been protested a~ unjust and dis criminatory. Under the Constitution of the United States and under the organic act by which Hawaii became an integral part of the United States, all persons who are born in Hawaii, irrespective of race, are in fact citizens and entitled to the same rights and privile.ges as other citizens. · The following table will be valuable in determining the number of persons carrying birth certificates coming into· voting age by years . . For example, under the heading " Chinese," it will be note4 that in 1921 there were 1,960 males and 478 females. ·Add to these the figures for 1922, 83 males and 22 females, and it will be shown that 2,043 Chinese males and 500 Chinese females were qualified to vote in 1922. In the same manner, add to these figures 64 males and 24 females who reached their majority in 1923 and it will be shown that 2,107 Chinese males and 524 Chinesa. females, to whom were issued Hawaiian birth certificates, were eligible to vote in 1923. In the same course the numbers for each subsequent year can bt> added to determine the sex and number of the Chinese coming into voting age in any given year. These figures are somewhat at variance with the number of Chinese voters as but 1,565 Chinese males and 275 Chinese females registered as voters in the county- elections of 1923, indicating that 791 Chinese who were eligible did not qualify and vote in the county elections. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF IIAW AII, 1924 Distribution of birth cettifi-r,[jtes in!o, 'years •when applicant// a!'1"{ve at voting age Part 'Part All.others Totals Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese Grand total • Male Fe- Fe- Male Fe- Fe- Male Fe- Fe- male Male male male Male male male Male male _, -· -· -- ---·- --~- Total1921__ to-______1922______1,960 ·478 37 11 1,509 404 3 1 13 . 5 3,522 899 4,421 83 22 2 i------328 64 ------3 ------416 86 50'.l 1923 _____ ------64 24 376 65 1 3 444 00 534 1924 ______1 [_' _____ l ------64 25 502 96 2 1 2 ------571 122 693 1925 ______------50 27 2 481 00 1 1 IO ------544 118 662 1926 ______34 \------75 1927 ______52 ------i------462 ------7 6 521 115 636 54 32 ------1------464 106 ------8 3 526 141 667 1928 ______·----- 41 22 487 88 l 1 9 6 542 117 659 1929______4 48 21 ------1------2 521 00 ------. 8 3 577 116 693 1 5 4 1931_1000 ______------_ 29 20 ' 564 80 l 599 105 704 27 10 2 I 3 376 50 l 1 7 2 413 66 479 1932 ______------20 2 I 1 1 17 4 74 1933 ______9 330 59 ------369 4.43 25 10 1 ; 1 62 8 1 414 74 I 1934 ______380 ------I 188 11 I 1935 ______16 10 4! 1 249 53 l ------2 281 66 347 65 I 1936 ______24 6 ------1 261 52 ------13 6 298 363 10 7 ------1 250 44 2 1 11 2 273 55 I 328 1937 ------15 13 ------2 210 27 1 6 1 232 43 I 275 }938 ______9 6 1 196 34 1 5 5 211 46 I 257 1939 ______------1940 ______10 5 1 1 95 28 ------3 4 109 38 I 147 1 3 ------62 12 ------1 5 1 68 17 i 85 1941______1 1942 ______1 ------45 7 ------46 54 ------IO ------1 ------11 ----~-1 11 Tota!______I 2,603 784 57 24 8,158 1,586 14 11 155 I 56 10, 987 2,461 13, 448 Total male and i female ______3,387 81 9,744 25 211 13,448 l Total both sexes, all races______------______13, ·44g Renewals previously issued ______------______18 Renewals (fiscal year)______52 13 Total !~i;1t;~t~~~t!r~~:~ :~-~~:::=== :::::::: :: :::: :: :: :: :: : : : : : : : :: :: : : : : :: :: :: :: :: :: : : : : : : : : : ' ii~ Total cases handled to date ______14, 155 Hawaiian birth certificates I I Chinese c~f;!se Japanese I Ja~!iitse All others Totals : 1 ----~---1--.-----i----,---,i--~--i-----l-- ---.--- Grand : total M-'rue Imale Fe Male J:ief I _G_ra_n-te-d;------. --t----1---,.----I------;-- Tiscal year______153 124 7 9 1,218 312 1 3 71 31 1,450 479 I 1,929 Previously ______2,450 660 50 15 6,940 1,274 13 8 84 : 25 9,537 1,982 ,11, 519 Total issued __ 2,603 784 57 24 8,158 1,586 14 .11 155 I 56 10,987 2,461 :13, 448 De1Wi~~al year______5 2 )______!_ __ J ____ J______,· 5 2 J 7 Previou,~ly______57 8 2 ______443 101 J------!~J~, 6 . 515 115 I 630 Total denied,_ 571 8 2 ______448 103 j------1------j 13 [ 6 j 520 1171 637 ]:0 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1004 COUNTY AND CITY AND COUNTY GOVERNMENTS Local governments in Hawaii were first established on July 1, 1905, the Territory being divided into four counties. On July 1, 1909, the county comprising the island of Oahu was converted into a city and county, known as the city and county of Honolulu, with a mayor. The other counties are Hawaii, including the island' of that name; Maui, including the islands of Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, and all of Molokai except the leper settlement; and Kauai, including the islands of Kauai and Niihau. The leper settlement on Molokai constitutes a fifth county, Kalawao, but is under the control of the Territorial board of hea1th. Following is a table showing· the income of the various counties for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1924. It will be noted that there is an increase of $929,277.25 over the income for the previous period. Incorne of counties, fiscal year ended June 30, 1924 --·------··------··· ------~------Collected by Territory for coun ties Collected by counties : Counties General taxes Road taxes License fees Fines and coots- ii~~~wu,_ Oahu______$i; ~ $92,583.00 $140,633.98 $81,183.89 i:; ru: 41,770.58 51,794, 60 36,533.35 MauL______792,777.78 26,835.52 29,080.46 18,517.30 KauaL______403,839.26 22,702.61 17,626.35 12,880.11 Total, 1924-______4,881,707.61 I 183,891.71 239,135.39 149,114.65 Total, 1923------4, 1491 410. 37 178,806.91 495,550.53 122,384.47 Increase______732,297.24 5,084.80 ------ 26,730. l& Decrease_------,------,-·------·---, 256,415.14 Collected by connties ,______I, . ' i Counties I Bond sales i Total ,Vater and Miscellaue- I and improve- Vehicle tax / sewer rates ous 1 ment assess- ments / ------1-----1-----1-----/--,.. ,_. ______._1 ___~. IIonol~u, Oahu ______$325, 211. 90 $385, 117. 42 $1, 035, 226. 83 Hawa11- ______$328, 104. 40 I $5, 049, 009. I!} 39,745.16 90,886.80 ------82, 642. 441· 1, 367, 515. 73 Y auL ______------32,734.11 19, 368. 55 ------63, 243. 24 982, 556. 96 Kauai______------_ 7,938.45 29, 316. 96 ------51,061.46 545,365. 20 Total, 1924 ______405,629.62 524,689. 73 1,035,226. 83 525,051.54 7,944,447. 08 Total, 1923------370,641.09 471,280.87 1,227,095. 59 ------7,015,169.83 Increa.5e______34,988.53 53,408.86 ______525,051.54 929,277, 25 Decrease ______-----~------191,868.76 ______ FINANCES BONDED DEBT .,UNE 30, 1924 The total bonded debt on June 30, 1923, was $14,515,000, which was decreased by the payments of $40,000 of July 1, 1919, issue of 5 per cent memorial park bonds and of $50~000 of December 30, 1922, issue of 5 per cent, war memorial bonds and increased by the sale of $1,800,000 of October 1, 1923, issue of 4½ pe.r cent, public improve ment bonds, of $75,000 of October 1, 1923, issue of 4½ per cent Hawaiian home lands bonds, and of $2,285,000 of April 1, 1924, issue of 4½ per cent public improvement bonds. · ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924. 11 Territorial bonded indebtedness, June 30, 1924 ------Term In· Per· Aggregate Date of issue of ter· Sale centage out. Date due ~·here payable, prin· years est basis standing cipal and Interest ------Per cent Oct. 1, 1909 •••... 5-15 3½ $98.250 3.65 $200,000 Oct.• 1,1924· NewYork,andHonoluln. Aug. 1, 1911. ..•.• 20-30 4 101. 5875 3.88 1,500,000 Ang. 1, 1941 Do. Sept. 3, 1912 .••.. 20-30 4 100. 5887 3. 985 1,500,000 Sept. 3, 1942 Do. Sept. 15, 1914 .•.• 20-30 4 100. 01 4.00 1,430,000 Sept. 15, 1944 Do. May 15, 1916 ..... 20-30 4 100. 00 4.00 1,750,000 May 15, 1946 Do. Ang. 1, 1917 ...... 20-30 4 98.04 4.08 1,500,000 Aug. 1,1947 Do. July 1,1919 ...... 5- 5 100. 50 4. 975 40,000 July 1,1924 Do. Sept, 15, _1919 .... 20-30 4½ 102. 814 4. 377 1,500,000 Sept. 15, 1949 Do. Apr. 15, lll20: .•.. /HO 5 100. 00 5.00 305,000 A pr: 15, 1930 Do. Sept. 15, 1920 .... 20-30 4½ 98.01 4.59 2,400,000 Sept. 15, 1950 Do. Dec. 15, 1920.•... 20-30 4½ 98. 01 4.59 200,000 Dec. 15, 1950 Do. Dec. 31, 1920..••• 20-30 4½ 98.01 4.59 600,000 Dec. 31, 1950 Do. June 1, 1922 ..: ... 20-30 4½ 103. 365 4.30 1,350,000 June 1, 1952 Do. Dec. 30, 1922 ••... 4-- 5 101. 375 4. 625 150,000 Dec. 30, 1925 Do. Oct. 1, 1923 ...... 20-30 4½ 99. 577 4. 52 1,800,000 Oct. 1, 1953 Do. Do ...... 20-30 4½ 99. 577 4. 52 75,000 •....• do...... Do. Apr. 1, 1924 .•.... 20-30 4½ 99. 078 4. 56 2,285,000 I Apr. 1, 1954 Do. Total...... ------18, 585, 000 I Casb, on hand and floating indebtedness, general account, at end of each fiscal year since organization of Territorial government ------~------~---~-- Outstanding Net floating Net cash Fiscal years Cash on hand available for warrants indebtedness ensuing year 1901 ...... ·. · $75,994.97 $176, 495. 45 $100, 500. 48 1902 .....•••...... •...... 287,131.30 297,427.87 10,296.57 1903 ...... 73,181.63 240,713.42 167,531.79 1904 ...... 56,613.29 709,014.31 652,401.02 59,408.49 603,426.89 544,018.40 l~: :: :: :: :: ::: :: : :: :: :: :: :: :: :: : : : :: :: I 335,331.37 72,227.96 ················ $263,103.41 348,216.51 34,740.49 ················ 313,476.02 391,737.19 225,891. 71 ...... •.... 165,845.48 134,759.21 170,718.67 35,959.46 ················ !:: ======: ======I 845,218.51 146,247.55 ················ 698,970.96 822,282.07 161,977.58 ················ 660,304.49 690,550. 70 69,141.66 ··········· ..... 621,409.04 mt ======i 716,729.60 56,008.61 ················ 660,720.99 366,001.24 43,955.84 ·••············· 322,045.40 464,040.43 49,162.62 .... ············ 414,877.81 539,388. 71 51,306.23 ················ 488,082.48 889,508.42 95,102.12 ················ 794,406.30 I 711,517.21 150,106.63 ················ 561,410.58 !!:: :=::::: i' 442,609.95 100,296.26 ················ 342,313.69 1920 ...... ••...... 1 506,334.53 88,214.99 ················ 418,119.54 1, 064, 827. 26 113,448.65 ················ 951,378.61 ::: ::: :: ::: ::: :: ::: :: : :: :: ::: :: :: :: : :: : 1, 400, 567. 19 67,281.34 ...... ······ 1,333,285.85 936,391.65 140,383.56 ················ 796,008.09 l~~··· ...... ·! 1, 101, 979. 52 268,960.17 ·•·············· 833,019.35 Treasury cash balances, all accounts, at end of fiscal years ended June 30, 1922, 1923, and 1924 Accounts 1922 1923 1924 Current revenues: General fund...... $1,400,567.19 $936,391.65 $1,101,979.52 ~~~~~~ti~~Jund,...... m: ~~g: ~~ ~!g: ~~: ~~ ~:g~~: ~~ Sinking fund...... 434,860.42 293,808.22 636,726.09 Special land sales ...... •...... ~...... 307,746.33 250,883.25 265,887.16 c\1iscellaneous special funds...... 411,144.38 577,594.96 1,014,140.89 L------L------>------T ota L...... 2,897,091.39 2,447,420.28 3,472,605.80 Loan fund...... 3,437,001.05 2,215,331.14 4,684,256.25 Grnnd total...... ••...... · ...... o, 334, 092. 44 4, 662, 751. 42 I 8, 166, 862. 05 12 ANNUAL REPOR-T OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Receipts and.dislnwsemMzts, generai acrount, jiscql year ended June 30, 1924 RECEIPTS Taxes: Real property ______$5,139,288.37 Personal property______3,736,034.93 Interest and penalties______43,069.32 Specific property (autos, carriages, etc.)___ 19, .774. 88 Persona], poll, school, rood______422, 868. 98 Income, general______1, 784, 705. 39 Income, speciaL ______9, 930. 81 Special territorial taxes______119,268.00 ------$11,274,940.68 Insurance______74,063.54 Inheritance______62, 854. 09 Land sales______126,613.87 Land revenue (rents, etc.)______565,841.71 Harbor, wharf, and pilot revenues______327, 154. 77 Recording fees-~-______47, 862,'00 Support of United States prisoners ______:__ 5,181.45 Interest on bank deposits (exclusive of loan)______17,630.82 Miscellaneous______574, 929. 19 Total receipts ______-~--____ 13, 077, 072. 12 Loans and refunds from other funds______1,567,413.30 14,644,485.42 Cash balance June 30, 1923 ______$936, 391. 65 Outstanding warrants June 30, 1923 ______. 140,383.56 Net cash June 30, 1923 ______. ______796,008. 09 TotaL ______- - _ - - - ______15, 440, 493. 51 DISBURS.lDUJ;>;TS Expenses for fiscal year 1923-24: Attorney general's department ______$31,020.28 Auditing department ______------30,562.98 Board of agriculture and forestry ___ - - __ _ 141,030.87 Board of health ______- ___ ------900,647.40 Board of industrial schools ______- - __ _ 138,024. 58 Bureau of conveyances______41,592.00 Governor ______35,454.01 Harbor commission ______------200,194.00 Judiciary department _____ - ___ ------44,338.64 Public lands department ______339,135.51 Public works department ______173,692.38 Secretary ______16, 160. 51 Survey department ______------53,865.72 Tax bureau______239,564.24 Treasury department_ ____ - - - _ ------62, 421,. 40 Public archives ______------8,489.47 Elections ______------694. 40 National Guard of Hawaii______20,459.66 Industrial accident boards______- - ___ - __ _ 17,850.00 Lahainaluna school______- ____ - - ___ - __ _ 6,070.00 Public libraries ______--___ - _ - _ 91,338.93 Promotion ______- _ ------53,749.96 Pensions ______33,386.46 Home for feebleminded persons ______57,942.35 University of HawaiL ______199,615.23 Oahu prison ______131,707.55 Fish and game commission ______10,712.64 Sugar expert______6,764.64 Miscellaneous ______63, 491. 27 Contingent fund ______7,412.29 Legislature ______- __ 302. 50 3, 157, 691. 87 ANNUAL REPORT' OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19U 13 Interest, public debt______-- $645, 215. 50 TotaL ______. ______- _ 3,802,907.37 Transfers to special accounts ______4, 238, 866. 4 7 Paid to counties: City and county of Honolulu ______$2,753,530.77 County of Hawaii______1, 065, 913. 38 County of MauL ______819,613.30 County of Kauai______426,541.87 5, 065, 599. 32 Loans and refunds to.·other funds ______1,500,000.00 Total disbursements ______14, 607, 373. 16 Cash balance June 30, 1924 ______$1,102,080.52 Outstanding ,varrants June 30, 1924______268, 960. 17 ..'l'et cash ______833,120.35 Total. ______· 15,440,493.51 Statement of miscellaneous special funds, July 1, ·1923, to June 30, 1924 Fund B~~~ht Receipts Tr=i:rs· Expended ira~fers rala'li'/i"' July 1, . other 1u~d:r °:iti~ ' 1923 \ funds ------1---- Sohool • $222,570.25,$2,822,465.081 ....••••.•• $2,767,285.15 $449.89 $277,300.29 Sinld:f ···-····-···-······-···· 293, 80& 22 127,199. ~$270, 717. 93 55,000.00 ..•••••.•• 636,726.09 ffn,':;e!i~dustry ....••.•••••.• _ 157. 68, 3,231. 77 ·····--···- 3,363.89 ·--···--·- 25. 56 Hilo ...... ---·--·----·-- 255. 64 282.17 ····-······ 432. 01 ···-······· 105. 80 HonoluJu_··-··--·········· 18. 931 598. 01 ······-···· 526.17 ·-········I 90. 77 Lahalna...... 13S ?,3 --·-····-···· ···-···-··- ···········-- •••••••••• 138. 23 Boar'X~'::armacy1...•...•••.. --···-·---·- ~-ii:: ...... ····-···90. 73 ...... 1 2~~: ~ B~!J~:::~fc~~~~~:8:3:...... 1,500.00 .•...... ••. 559. 75 .••.•..•. .f 940.25 Construction embankment, I Hiilawe stream ····-··-·-···· 19,747.89 ····-·-··-··· ···-····-·- •.•..••••..•• ·----·-·· 19,747.89 Expenses surveying and open- ing homesteads...... 2,112 1.1 -··········-· _____ •••••• 1,736.40 •.•.•.•••. 375. 71 Fish and game commission..... : 1,250.97 2,976.25 ········--- 1,751.48 •••.••...• 2,475.74 Farm loan reserve...... · 26,400.34 23, OW. 97 ••.•••••••• 9,104.18 ...••..••• 40,483.13 Farm loan revolving...... 53,200.92 77,298.45 --··-······ 65,861.52 •..••..••. 64,637.85 Farm loan surplus...... 41,671.88 97,723.50 22,961. 77 ••••..••••.•. ··--·-·--· 162,357.15 Foreign language schools ...•.•• ····-·-·-··- 6, 51l4 00 -·········- ········-···- -·-····--- 6,594.00 Home for feeble-minded-···-·· 1,899.81 5,697.77 -····-····· ·····--·-···· ....••.... 7,Wl.58 Hawaijan homes loan...... 5,764.53 148,605.65 •.•.. a..... 114,659.38 ..•••.•••. 39,710.80 llawal:ian language textbooks.. .••••..•••.. •••••...••••• 2,000.00 300. 00 ...... 1,700.00 ~t.bureau•..• · .•.. a...... 571. 83 ··-·········· ··-··-····- ...••••....•• •···•···•• 571.83 Industrial accident boards: · ~':!1J····-·············-··· . 1, 9~·: ...... ~~~ ::::::::.:: ::::::::::::: :::::::~:: 2, ~:: KaJaupapa store.--···--······· 468~ 80 49,398.00 .,...... 44,849.58 ••••••.•.. 5,017.22 f:g~~~~~~'!~::::::::: ····2;068:a1 t ~: ri ::::::::::: ..... =~~~~ :::::::::: ··--a;121i:os Land improvement...... 850. 70 10,896.83 ...•••••••• 100. 00 ···-·····- 11, 747. 5.'l Mechanical, etc., fairs...... 372. 65 5,422.47 ...... ••• 102. 08 •.•.•...•. 5,693.04 Preservation forest reserves.... 603. 82 922.15 .••....•••. 949. 50 ..•••..•.. 576. 47 Public utilities commission..... 9,658.33 15,943. 401··········· 17,276.06 ••..•.•..• 8,325.67 Public improvement...... 17,159.03 344. 33, 8,468.23 7,113.90 •...•...•• 18,857.69 ft~~ea· Paumalu pipe line.... 222. 83 .•...... •..i...... • . 22. 24 ..• _•.. _.. 200. 59 Anwaiollmu lots road...... 1,519.66 ··-····-··--· .....••.••. ·-···---····· •.•.•..... 1,519.66 Homestead roads, Honolulu 2,828.89 4,646. 591...... 1,548.87 5,926.61 IIomestead roads, Hawaii.. 6, 732. 90 47, 497. 84 ··-····-.•. 4. 976. 05 35,832. 62 13,422. 07 Homestead roads, Maui.... 16,487.55 6,091.09 1-·········· 80. 69 2,030.74 20,467.21 Homesteadroads,Kauai... 5,099.44 10,650.411·-········· 1,624.70 3,550.14 10,575.01 i~:tro~ ~g::f:~ ;:t: g: ~-:?l :::::::::::=:: ::::::::::: ::::::::::::: :::::::::: g:::: :?l Makiki round top road..... 3,001.66 100. 00 ...... ············- ·······"·- 3,101.66 .Oliitda·hotise lots road..... 200. 68 415. 03i·-··-······1 -·········.··· ···-·····- 615. 71 Olaa summer lots road..... 1,933.33 674. 02; ····-······ 1,327.50 .••.•...•• 1,279.85 Pupukea-Paumalu beach ! lots road...... 9,128.75 586. 78! .•....•..•••.•.•.••••.•.•.•••.••.. 9,715.53 1 Kekaha house Jots road.... 2,662.04 1, 740. 98 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4,403.02 Kapaa house lots road...... 7,521.57 2,063. 60! •.....••.•. -·······--··· ...••••... 9,585.17 Kuwili warehouse Jots road. 20,341.00 •.•...... •.•.!...... 43.85J .••.•..... 20,297.15 11498-24t--2 14 ANNUAL REPORT _OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Statement of miscellaneous special funds, July 1, 1923, to June 30, _1924-Continued Brought Transfers over from Transfers Balance · Fund July 1, Receipts other Expended to other Jti!'.l!l.30, 1923 funds funds lll24 Roads-Continued. Ponohawai lot sales ••••••.. $5,472.94 ······-···-·· ····-····-· ··-···-······ ···-······ $5,472.94 W a!akea residence lots road. 1, 669. 79 $16, 325. 21...... •• $743. 59 $7,000.00 10,251.41 Wahikuli lots road .••..••.. 4, 007, 79 702. 16 •••••••••••••••••••••••••• _••••••• 4,709.95 Plihonua house lots road ••• 2,243.22 6,550.27 ·······-··· .•••..•.: •••.•••..••.•• 8,793.49 Schools: Purchase of school lands ••• 16,314.14 ··-·······-·· ·········-· .••••••..•••. •••··•••·· 16,314.14 Boys' industrial school. •••• 8, 115. 43 8, 835. 57 •••.•• •.• •. 3, 435. 09 .•....• _•. 13,515.91 Girls' industrial school.. •.• 1,842, 44 2,917.41 •.•••••.••• 4,174.42 ··-······· 585.43 Labainaluna schooL ••••••. 9, 678. 56 6, 102. 72 ········-·· 12, 513. 47 ··-····-·· 3,167.81 Trade school. .••...•••••••• 454. 39 72. 14 ••..••.•••. 494. 84 ·-········ 31:69 University of Hawaii.. •.••. 346. 85 58, 446. 63 • ••• •••.... 59, 147. 16 .•• -·· •... 353.68 Univer'!!tyof Hawaii, schol· arship account...... 316. 80 3,000.00 ••••••.•••• 2,875.00 ••••.••••. 441.'80 Radi:Wir~~i~===:::::::: ~: ~: ~ ··-~: m: ~ ======1·······423:isl-···001:25 ~: ~: gg SpecJr~~:-J;~~~~...... 16,266.99 17,950.35 ••.•••••••• 2t, Mll:~1 ••••• ~.... 11, ll:&3.-83 Hawaii...... 5,512.57 7,836.19 ••..••...•. S, 112. 30 •.•..••.•• ·5,-2;16, 46 Maui...... 6,222.68 346. 25 ••.•••.•••. 5,465. •••.••••.. 1, 103.'93 KauaL...... 35,836. 76 16,803.30 ••••••••.•.••••.••••..••, ,Hl.12 52,298.94 Waimea, Kauai...... 50,000.00 .•••.••...•.•••.••••.••••.••..••••••. 31,906.34 18,093.66 S!iJlitation...... 139,857. 74 88,285.86 •••.•••.••• 69,824.12 .•••••••.. 158,319.48 Sanitarium...... s, 601. 14 4,380.00 •••.••...•• ••••..•••...• •••••••••. 12,981.14 Territorial insurance...... 48,184.10 8,162.21 $20,000.001 4,181.52 •••.•••.•• 72,164. 79 Teachers' pension...... 15, 738. 13 Ii, 912. 25 449. 891 11, 044. 50 •••.•••••• 11, 055. 77 Waiakeaexperiment station.... 154. 73 13,297.53 ••••.•••••• J 9,835.08 .••...••.• 3,617, _18 Total special funds ••••••• 1,468,409. 70 3, 946, 149. 14 324, 597. 821 3, 315,918.49 83, 566. 972,339,671.20 Generalfund...... 796,008.09 4,065,324.26 67,413.301 3,802,007.37 292,717.93 833;120.1l5 Loan fund .•••.•.••••.••••••••. 2,212,432.69 4,211,315.28 ···········! 1,732,156.94 23,292. 7l 4,600,:~ 2S Total, all funds ••••.••••. 4,476,850.4812, 222,788.68 392, 011.1218,850, 982. 80.399,577. 65 7, 841,_089.83 Taxes collected, inclusive of interest, penaUies, and costs, for the year ended-June 30; 1924, by races, of taxpayers . ·._ . Portu• Kind of taxes, etc. Anglo- Hawaiians gneseand Chinese Japanese Saxons Spanish FfilW,~1-~ .·• Real property: • I Corporations, firms, I etc••.•...•••..•...•. $2, 936, 334. 51 $328, 759. 83 $22,665.23 $58, 192. 03 $34, 412. 78 Other than corpora• ·········1$3, 380,364.38 tions, firms, etc •.••• 874,461.72 427,923.32 220,043.47 222, 024. 64 127, 579. 42 $65. 691 1; 872, 098. 26 Personal property: CorporatioJ;ls, firms, etc••.....••.. -••..•• 3, 139, 746. 29 27,563.22 21,608.25 82,414.25 60,013.13 33. 00 3, 331, 378. 14 Other than corpora• tions, firms, etc--~ .. - 110,426.95 40,448.35 28,714.69 _01, 744. 83;206, 143. 77 320.85 453,799.44. Specific property: Automobiles, car• riages, etc •...•..••• 8,460.20 1,591.37 1,614.77 1, 693. 4( 7, 012. 22 106. 10 20,478.06 Personal: Poll, road and school. 31,714.78 32,976.95 41,051.60 49,366.09 168,949.53 98,127.25 422,186.20 Income, general: Corporations, firms, etc•..•..•.•.....•••• 1, 496, 187. 83 7,771.12 4,818. 78 9,687.47 10,298.46 ------1, 528, 763. 66 Other than corpora· tions, firms, etc _____ 204,133.26 18,749.80 10,807.86 11,839.29 10,370.17 41. 35 255,941.73 Income, special: Corporations, firms, ______,._ etc.•••...••..••...•• 7,885.66 ------4.10 32. 70 ------7,922.46 Other than corpora· tions, firms, etc ...•• 684.20 ------1,312.00 12.15 ------2,008.35 Total ••...••...... •• 8, 810, 035. 40 885,783.9£ 351,324.65 504,278.10 624,824.33 98,694.24 11, 27 4! 940, 68 --··- ---·------~------~-···------, .. ------·------·---~------~ ··- ANNUAL·REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924: Taxes collected, by years ended June 30, since organization of Territorial government· Real Personal Specific Income, Fiscal year property property property Personal general 1 1901- ______.,___ $444,059.63 $400, 392. 69 $18,751.36 $249, 604. 00 1902 __ ------532,637.09 571,248.69 20,412.19 231,485.00 $286, 630. 20 1903_ ------560,456.31 592,325.37 22,5\11. 60 255,043.00 202,526.44 1904______------618,890.81 607,589.82 22,998.80 240,736.00 170,511.71 100/L1905______------_ ----- 609,343.72 570,654.55 23,5413.50 249,990.00 155,978.87 961,433.76 928,841.53 47,989.70 243,955.00 391,366.65 1907 - _ ------654,737.94 631,326.36 39,644.40 239,001.00 187,687,91 }908_ ------640,051.42 635,265.81 41,350.50 244,832.00 266,241.74 1909 __ ------668,721.89 678,886.40 40,968.00 255,520.00 389,500.94 1910_ - - - -• --___ -----___ 709,943.35 720,252.68 46,554.50 248,663.00 435,984.40 1911 ______·------766,429.68 733,806.45 .49, 734. 95 241,915.00 421,375.68 1912 __ ---·· ------893,331.32 821,518.95 56,930.55 243,058.00 488,'.115. 96 1913. _ ------1,037,200.82 915,470.52 64,626.21 242,307.30 513,386.40 1914 __ ------· ---- l, 068, 267. 52 868,613.53 74,913.10 286,246.55 397,496.33 1915 __ ------_ --- I, 200,618. 75 923,231.86 89,817.75 257,890.00 373,349.09 1916. _ ---· ------1, 878, 454. 92 1, 092, 683. 27 110,230.97 265,636.05 592,259.58 1917 __ ------· ---- 1, 547, 872. 50 1,224,552.02 152,572.99 275,432, 65 799,800.86 1918 __ ------· 1,967,550. 23 1, 510, 659. 70 205,901.57 279,215.07 794,427.22 l\ll9_ ------2,413, 759. 22 1,849, 389. 76 2ll,236.98 284,084.34 625,073.76 19211020 ______------2, 938, 876. 04 2, 433, 058. 01 267,283.89 283,772.59 634,206.95 3, 745, 258. 54 3, 125, 408. 76 327,929.70 311,857.34 1, 149, 339. 08 1922------_ 4,195,855.54 3,247, 178. 95 40,988.81 375,449.26 1,148,528.34 1923_ ------4, 726, 256. 01 3, 508, 124. 57 24,439.84 399,851.64 878,181.35 1924 __ ------5, 223, 536. 47 3, 771, 054. 83 19,774.88 422,868.98 I, 784, 705. 39 . -· - Penalties, I Fiscal year Income, costs, and Inheritance Insurance Total special 1 interest 2 190L ___ . ------_-• •• ---·------·----- $9,294.58 $939. 29 $3,223.65 $1, 216, 265. 20 19031002 ______----·------~------... - 11,847.92 6,074.34 3,846.00 1, 664, 181. 43 ------13,385.29 1,393.33 4.685.11 1, 652, 406. 45 1004 •. ------··· --·- -~------15,848.97 70.00 4,623.38 1,681,269.49 190,1\ ·-·--·· ------16,509.18 6,271.71 6,883.59 1,639, 175.12 1906.1ooz______-----·------13,703.59 5,879.69 8,760.61 2, 601, 930. 53 ------21,435.83 8, 78!1. 74 14,202.74 1, 796, 825. 92 --- --~------1908 __ ------__ ..... ______---. 17,697.93 21,430.05 13,978.88 1,880, 847. 83 1909 ______--- $4,324.29 19,187.76 17,011.88 26,564.55 2, 080, 635; 71 1910__ ------_ 377,694.27 17,262.86 150,153.11 20,141.87 2, 726, 650. 04 1911_ __ ------379,698.89 14,657.90 38,383.59 21,173.76 2, 667, 175. 90 191:L _ ------·--·-·-- 442,336.29 14,658.02 187,974.95 25,420.95 3, 173, 644. 99 1913. ------422,094.39 11,158.27 19,421.54 30,909.13 3, 256, 57 4. 58 1914 _____ ' ------· ---- . -116, 162. 54 25,728.79 30,634.00 30,385.34 2, 898, 447. 70 1915_ · ------··-- 165,524.72 9,640.85 53,543.58 30,168.92 3, 108, 785. 52 1916 __ ------268,369.85 15,107.43 171,303.05 33,321.18 3, 927, 366. 30 1917 __ ------367,920.35 14,705.43 19,852.44 38,357.87 4, 441, 067. 11 1918 __ ------·---- 343,121.14 12,181.75 76,676. 75 48,718.70 ,5, 238, 452. 13 19201919. ______------283,28]. 75 16,175.54 "44,777.82 58,066.53 5, 785, 845. 70 417,331.02 20,950.70 406,562.81 64,292.21 7, 466, 334. 22 1921 •• ----·------···--- 1145,203.34 27,467.37 83,605.35 89,223.23 9, 805, 293. 61 )922lllll.L.______------643,925.67 23,446.98 88,358.28 87,230.99 9, 850. 962, 82 1,200.15 31-,164,85 · 1Jl3,593.24 75,977.54 o, 798, 789. 19 1924 __ ------9,030.81 43,069.32 62,954.09 74,063.54 11, 411, 958. 31 1 Including penalties, costs, and interest. 2 Except on income taxes. 16 ANNUAL'REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1()24 Gross assessments of real and personal property, by years, since organization of 1!.erritorial government ______,_,______Real Personal Year property property Total lOOL---·······--·-·-·----····-···-----·-··-····--···, ·• $58,547,800 $62, 625, 038 $121,172,928 1002 __ .••••• _. -·· ... -·----··-----___ -· ·------____ -· ----- 60,591,587 62,319,216 122, 910, 803 1903 __ --··------··------,_ --_------· -·------, 66,137,075 63,675,607 129, 812, 682 1004_ _ ------·-----·------·-····· .. --·-·--·-··-···--·-··· 63,516,979 60,381,525 123, 898, 504 1005_ •...•• ··--·········· ------·--·------·----· 67, 509, 036 66,415,064 133, 924, 100 Hl06_. ·-····-·------. -·-·-· ------·-·-····-··-·-·--- --· 66,908,337 64,266,678 131,175,015 1007.•.•••••••. -·· -·. --__ --.••. __ . -· ---_-· _·- -·. -· - -·" .• 64,001,609 66,149,614 131, 051, 223 1908 __ -·· •. --·---·--·-·· ······------·------·-- 66,936,032 65,354,150 132, 290, 182 1909 ___ , ------·------. _ -----··-----······ 68,440,615 70,470,205 138,910,820 1910. _ •••. -··· ••• -·· ---· _-· ----_-- _------···-__ .~ --- • 75,792,523 74,475,944 150, 268, 467 1911 _____ ·-···--··-··--··-·------·- _- ... • ·------·-· 77,887,826 76,600,206 154, 584, 032 1912.• ------·---·-·--·------·----·-- 90,889,057 85,945,744 176,834,801 1913_ ----·----·------• ------·------93,853,810 81,347,3.51 175,201,161 1914 .• _____ ·-. ______-- ___ .• ______------__ ------·- 91,050,895 70,136,331 161, 187, 226 1915_. --____ ------•• ___ . _. __ -·-_. ___ --...• ·------· - 99,186,323 77,414,899 176, 601, 222 1916_ --·---·------·------·--·-·-· --·---·-·--··- 113,922,014 93,048,215 206,970.22\1 1917. _ ·-----··---· ---·-·--·· ·-_··-·····-·-·······-····-- 129,340,001 102, 580, 918 231, 920, 919 1918 __ ... --·····-. ·------·. - ••• • -· .• -····-·-· • -· -·-···-• 134, 543, 320 101, 107, 647 235, 650, 967 1919 •• -· _•••••• ·-· ····-_-- __ ••• ___ .• _-··- __ -·. ··-· -....• 139, 893, 251" 110, 631, 095 250, 524, 346 1920'. ._ '--······-·--·------·----···-·-·-···------, 155,238,071 131, 768, 721 287,ooo, m 16(), 460, 493 126,097,03\J, 286, 557, 532 158, 695, 755 112, 006, 729 271, 662, 484 171,6711,971 121, 424, 326 293, 104, 2jJ7 i5 :::::::::::: ::::::::::. :::::::::::::::: ..... )::.] 212, 871, 428 144,130,652 357, 002, 080 Tax rates. --- --···--·------c-----,------c- First Second Third Fourth division, division, division, division, Year city and conntles of county county county of Mani and of of Honolulu Molokai Hawaii Kauai 1912 ....•. -· --• __ . _-·. ___ • __ ••• __ • -· _..•.•.••••••...... _ 1.10 1.15 1.18 1. 16 1913 .••..••••••...••... --·--·······--··············· •.•. 1,11½ 1.10 I. 23 1.16 1914••.••••••••••••• _. _••• _. _. --••••• -· ••• -· •••••• • • • • • • 1.17 1.29 1.38 1.26 1.26½ 1.44 1.52¼' 1.38½ ======·== 1.273 1.3:\2 1.42 1.415 mi-:::::::::::::::·1917 .••....•••••• ···- _-··-- _••••••.•...• -··--· •• • • • • ••. ·' 1.21 1.26 1.30 1.35 1918 .•••.••••• ··-..•..•.. ___ ••••. ·······-·--· •••••.. ···- 1.83 1.liO 1.865 1.81 1919•••.. _••.• ·--· ...••• -· _..••••... _···-·· ·-· ••••.••••• 1. 74 1.83 1. 788 1920 ....• -· _•• _•.••. -· _-- • _••••••.•.•• · . -·. _-· ••• _•.•. - _ t: I 2.11 2.264 2.3M 1921.. ··-············-· ··-·-··--· ····-················-•• 2. 57 ~'94 2.,74 2. 90 1922 .•. --········ ····-·· -· _-···························· 2.89 3.·16 3.25 3.02 1923 ...•.••••••••.•. '. _---····························- 3.067 3.274 3.488 3.265 1924 .•.•••••••••..... _·-- __ ·····-·-· -··-········· •.••. ·- 2.747 2.804 2. 792 2.400 ------·------~----~----.l-_____._ ____ A.NNU.AtL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 192A l7 Gross assessable values of real and personal property by taxation divisions, since organization of Territorial government - .--·----·------·----·--·------!~------:------1 First division, city and county Second division, county of of Ilonolulu Maui 1 Year I Personal Personal Real property property Real property property lOOL. ______• ______$31, 600, 490 $32, 851, 799 $10, 620, 086 $5,178,457 1902 __ ----• --___ ---•. ---. _-- _-- ______--_ 32,648,863 33,233,053 10,672,459 5,230,831 1903_ - ---• _-- ______------• ______34,553,304 38,547,182 10,039,514 5,389,519 ' l!lOL ______------·-· ______32, 133, 096 37,451,555 11,046,619 5,419,616 1905 __ ----. ------___ -----_-- _------__ .. 31,625,579 38,640,381 13,751,078 6,.ll67, 738 1906_ --______------______31,640,862 36,792,873 13,7111,fiirr 7,375,191 1.907------31,477, 13ll 36,738,416 12,377,062 9,688,625 1008_ ------i 31,159,916 36, 072,. 436. 14, il45i, 727 8, 258,-132 32,292,558 as; 259,171 13,585,341 10,799,789 l~::::::: :::::::::: ::::::::: ::: :::: :: : I 34,367,440 41,126,130 17,775.146 10,296,519 35,643, 725 41,498,709 18,216,628 11,638,201 40,448,403 43,977,046 21,458,927 13,142,716 46,589,481 41,998,665 18,328,556 12, 820, 899 m~1914 ______======---= = = =· ------======i 49,540,725 39,234,877 16,142,677 9,505,264 1915 __ ------• ------53,574,831 40,989,573 18,278,238 11,471,742 1916 _____ --__ --______--_____ --____ •• _ 57,957,035 43,832,979 20,911,553 16,615,697 1917 _------66,528,200 49,075,650 24,245,993 19,467,187 1918_' ------70,246,305 49,381,175 23,869,365 16,428,894 1919 ____ --• _--- _--- • -----_--- _---- _--- __ , 72,813,165 .54,350,140 24,187,930 17,819,255 l92L1920 ------.______• ______• ______-! / 81,506, 725 67,791,475 26,858,462 20,408,050 87,343,322 66,285, 772 25,253,929 19,024,852 92,800,002 62,761,685 22,780,312 17,184,251 m~=: :::: : : ::: : == :::: : : : ::: : : : ::==::::: i 00, 313,801 66,574, 731 25,953,481 18,712,367 1924 __ . __ • _____ . ____ . ___ ----• •--_____ • __ I 130, 780, 980 j 78,941,071 29,855,456 22,833,105 I Third division, county of Fourth division, county of Hawaii Kauai Year Total • f i Personal I Personal I Real property.; property l Real property property ·- - ·----··-·--·--· ____ I _____ , ------!------· ------1901______---_-- $11, 355, 972 ! $16, 098, 569 : $4,965,342 $8,496,213 $121,172,928 1902_ --_------11,108,352 I 16, 150, 943 i 5,017, 715 8, 548, 587 122, 910, 803 1"')3_. ------16, 135, 131 - 13, 342, 340 ' 5, 409, 126 6, 396, 566 129, 812, 682 ] 904 ______------14, 916,221 1 11,833, 177 5,421,043 5,677,177 123,898,504 1905 ______------15,179,975 ! 12, 640, 727 6, 952, 404 8, 166, 218 133, 924, 100 1906 _____ ------. 14,948,462.1 12, 036, 906 ll, 567, 446 8, 061, 708 131, 175, 015 1907 I 14, 410, 434 ! 11, 759, 984 6, 636, 980 7, 962, 589 131, 051, 223 1908 I 15, 234, 369 ; 12.• 590, 260 6, 496, ozo :;, 433, 322 132, 290, 182 15, 908, 203 i 13, 164, 880 6, 654, 513 8, 246, 365 138, 910, 820 }m:: :::::::::::::::::1 16, 831, 448 I 14, 097, 093 6, 818, 489 8, 956, 202 150, 268, 467 16, 751, 650 ! 14,117,085 7,275,813 9,442,211 154,584,082 20,701,679 i 18,384,458 8, 280, 048 10, 441, 524 176, 834, 801 20, 303, 521 ; 17,180,835 8,632,252 II, 346,952 175,201, 161 17, 484, 322 I 13,754,966 7,883, 171 7,641,224 161,187,226 mr======I 19, 108, 813 I 15,331,548 8,224,441 H, 622,036 176,601,222 m~------0 -I 24,973,421 ; 20 521 689 10, 080, oos 12, 077, 850 206, 970, 229 1917______------i 21, 94s, 848 I 22,238: 663 10, 619, 960 11, 799,418 231, 920, 919 1918 29, 633, 360 . 23, 807, 933 10, 794, 290 11, 489, 645 235, 650, 967 1919 ______------_---- 31, 955, 951 I 25, 803, 665 10, 936, 205 12, 658, 035 250, 524, 346 192() _____ ------36, 057, 869 r 29,456,431 10, 815, 015 14, 112, 765 287, 006, 792 192L______36, 169, 547 ! 27,477, 555 11, 693, 695 13,308,860 286, 557, 532 1922 ------31,436, 676 : 22, 168, 878 11, 678, 765 10, 851, 915 271, 662, 484 1923 _____ ------33, 824, 724 l 24,691,354 12,587,965 11,445,814 293,104,297 1924 ______------36, 266, 257 i 27,728,816 15,968, 735 14,627,660 357,002,080 Gross assessed value of real and personal property for 1924, by taxation divisions Per Real Personal cent in- Taxation division property property Total, 1924 Total, 1923 crease, 1924 ------:First, city and county of llonolulu ____ $130, 780, 980 $78,941,071 $209, 722, 051 $165, 888, 532 26.42 Second, county of Maui. ______29,855,456 22,833,105 52,688,561 44,665,848 17, 96 Third, connty of Hawaii______36,266,257 27,728,816 63,995,073 58,516,078 9.36 Fourth, county of Kauai. ______15,968,735 14,627,{!60 30,596,395 24,033,839 21'.30 Total for the 'I'erritory ______212, 871, 428 144, 130, 652 357, 002, 080 293, 104, 297 21. 80 18 Gross ·assessed· value of real und personal property for· year 1924, by. racesi· etc., of · · taxpayers · · I Real property Personi>l property I Taxpayers / Percient· Number j Number Total I age .. of tax: Assessed of ta,;- Assessed payers Yalues· payers Yalues t i I Corporations, firms, etc .....•• 1,323 $124, 411, 205 1,233 $123, 605, 091 $248, 016, 296 I 69.48 Anglo-Saxons ••.•...... •.•• 3,857 39,237,379 3,031 5,019,036 44, 256, 415 ! .12.40 Hawaiians •••••...... ••• 6,581 19,995,991 2,440 2,165,365 22, 161, 356 · 6.21 Portuguese and Spanish ...... • 3,247 11,845,612 l, 938 1,380,941 13, 226, 553 I 3. 71 Chinese ..•••••...•...... •.•• 1,936 10, 944, 085' ·2, 165 2,960,258 13, 904, 343 , 3.87 2,505 6,422,166 5,732 8,960,451 15, 382, 617 i 4.31 1it~~~::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 14,990 53 39,510 54,500 j 0.02 Total •••.•.•...... ·····I 19,454 212, 871, 428 16,592 144, 130, 652 357,002,080 i 100.00 I Cost of assessing and collecting taxes, years ended.June 30 Percent· I Percent· age of j Fiscal year IActual cost amonnt , Fiscal year Actual cost a~iri!t ! collected 1 collected 1 ------;------1----11------;--·' 19-01. .••••••••••.•••.•.....• $54, 9!16. 06 4. 52 ' 1913 · $78,086.02 2. 44 2. 86 ~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ ~:J: ! !J! ,:_' lili1465 .•_·=.=.·.·=_.::_ ..-=.= .. =. =.=.=.. ==.. ==.=.=. ·.· ~i: ~~~:: 2. 97 1904...... 71,362.16 · 4. 24 u 85,480.08 2.29 1905 •.•...•••••...... • 59,665.71 ! 3.65 i 1917 ...••••.•..•..•..•.•.•.• 92,719.92: 2.12 1906...... n, 360. 92 1 2. 83 I 1918...... 94,111.53 I 1.84 1907..•.•.•••••...... •.•.. 66,711.411 3.7811919 ...... 111,161.fJl I 1. 96 1. 54 6672', 716068 .. 4182 1_· 3, 64 107,525.69 fggjl: ·.··.. ·.·· .. ·.·· .. ··.·.· .. ·· .. ··.· .. ·.··.·.·. 3. 08 1920.192L ....••...... •.•······-················ I I 25, 985. 81 I 1.30 1910...... 65,532.11 I 2. 56 1922 ....•••.•...... ••• [ 153,552. 72 1 1. 58 1911...... 63,516. 59 : 2. 44 I 1923 ....•••••...... ••• 219,881. os , 2.41 1912...... 73,520.67 ! 2. 48 1924....•••.•...... •..••• 1 239,564.24 I 2.12 I i I I 1 Not including inheritance and insurance taxes. Income taxes collected for the year ended Jtme 3d, 1924, by races, etc., of taxpayers General income Special income Taxpayers j Total 11 Percent- Number I Amount col- Number Amount age taxpayers! lected taxpayers collected 1 ------:,-- ·-----1----->----- Corporation, firms, etc .....J 435 $1,528,763.66 5 $7,922.46 $1, ?36,. 680._ 1~> [ 85._ 62 Anglo:~axons...... 5, 167 204, 133. 26 4 684. 20 204 817 46 1 11 41 Hawanans...... 1,118 18,749.80 ...... • •• •...... 18,749.80 i 1.04 Japanese...... 907 10,370.17 3 12.15 10,382.32 ; . 58 Portuguese and Spanish..... 659 10,807.86 ...... •••...... 10,807.86 I . 60 Cl1/Pn~ns e..... ·•• ·.·-·.·.·.·.·.··.· .. ·.·.•· .. ·.·.• 599 11,839.29 2 1,312.00 13,151.29 j • 75 F 111 1 0 8 ___2_6_1 ____-1_1_. _35_1.·-··_·_·_··_·_··-1-·-·_··_·_··_·_·--·-·1----41_._35_,:.·_··_·_·_··_·_·· Total .•••...... s. 911 1, 784, 705. 39 14 9, 930. 81 I 1, 794, 636. 20 i 100.W Net assessable values of real and personal propert1es 1924 for taxat·ion zmrposes First taxation division: Assessed value.. __ . __ ...... _: __ ... -·-· .. __ ... _.... __ . $209, 722, 051 Less- Special territorial assessments ..------·- $4,511,095 Exemptions_ --··--·------···-·----· 16,043,358 20,554,453 Net·-··-·······-·-·----·--··--·------·--···-·- 1 189, 167,598 1 On appeal and not included, $660,006. .ANN:U AL REPORT . OF G()VERN'OR OF HAWAU, 1924 19 Second taxation division: . . . Assessed value ______~._:______~-_:;. ______$52,688,561 Less exemptions ______-.- ______1,289,693 Net ______------51,398,868 Third taxation division: Assessed value ______~- __ ~~ ______63,995,073 Less exemptions______3,498,899 Net ______2 60, 496, 174 Fourth Taxation division: Assessed value ______30,596,395 Less exemptions______786,715 Net_ 29,809,680 Recapitidation Taxation division 1923 1924 Per cent Per cent increase to whole First______$148,780,337 $189,167,598 Z'/.14 57, 17 Second______43,489,114 51,398,868 18.19 15.54 Third______56,190,217 60,496,174 7.66 18. 28 Fonrth ___ ·------23,458,782 29,809,680 27,07 9.01 Total. ___ ------271,918,450 330,872,320 21.681 100. 00 Sources and distrib-ution of all revenues in the territory and coimties, fiscal year ended June 30, 1924 Collected by the Territory Distribution Insur General I Specific Personal Inheri- Miscel property !property Income ance taxes taxes tance laneous taxes ) taxes l • taxes taxes ------1----1-·--~ -·------1-----1----1------t----- Territory: General fund __ $970, 549. 59 ------$1,794,636.20 ------$62,854.09 $74,063.54 $1,663,280.90 Territory as agent for counties: i Assessing and col- rr{{e~!~l al;;'<'i~nklng- 204' MO. 01:------fund______183, 29?- 33· ______Schools: , General support un- ! der Territory ______2,851, 766.38· ______$1.68, 765. 79 ______I, 932. 91 Buildings and · grounds under , counties______840, 024. 48i------______------______------Counties: i General fund ______,3, 951,696, 77;$1, 742. 36 ______9,002.96 ______------·- ______~~'a.1~1cie,itai:es:::::l---s5;1iii~oo:=~~~::~~= ::::::::::::: _:=!~=~:~ :::::::::: :::::::::: :::::::::::: TotaL ______!,9, 037, 660. 62' 19, 774. 88 1,794,636.20 422,868.98 62,854.09 74,063,541,665,213.81 1 1 • On appeal and not included, $2,131,961. 01. 20 .ANNUAL REPORT .OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Sources and distribution of all revenues in the territory and counties, fiscal year ended June 30, 1924-Continued . Collected by the counties Distribution Bond sales License Fines and Water and Miscel- and Im• . Vehicle fees costs sewer rates laneous provement tax Total assessments Territory: General fund ______------______$4,565,384.32 Territory as agent for , counties: i Assessing and col- 1 I~~l~i~~ink-______!______:::: :: Schools: I General support j under Territory______------!------______3,022,465.08 Buildings and · groundscounties ______under ,______840,024.48 Counties: i ~~~~;al fund ______$239,135.39 $149,114.65 $405,629. 621$524, 689. 73 $1,035,226.83 I$525, 051~.54 6, ~; ~~- ~ Undivided taxes ______------,------+------______35,791.06 Tota) ______239,135. 39! 149,114.65 405,629. 62/' 524,689.731, 035, 226. 83II 525,051. 5415,955,919.88 I INVESTMENTS Statement of investments as of June 30, 1924, made by the treasurer of the Territory, as provided by law Sinking fund: Twenty-five $1,000 Territory of Hawaii public improvement bonds, 1917, 4's ______$22, 500. 00 Two hundred and two $1,000 Territory of Ha- 4½'swaii public______improvement bonds, series B, 1920, _ 197,780.20 One $500 United States first Liberty loan, con- verted, 4¼'s ______- ___ _ 505. 00 One $1,000 United States first Liberty loan, con- verted, 4¼'s ___ ~ ______1,010. 00 One $500 United States second Liberty loan, con- verted, 4¼'s ______- ____ _ 505. 00 Two $1,000 United States second Liberty loan converted, 4¼'s ______- __ - - ____ _ 2,020.00 One $5,000 United States second Liberty loan, converted, 4¼'s ______- ___ _ 5,050. 00 Twelve4¼'s ______$1,000 United States third Liberty loan, _ 12, 117. 50 Six $500 United States fourth Liberty loan, 4¼'s_ 3,022.50 Eight $1,000 United States fourth Liberty loan, 4¼'s ______8,072.50 Six $10,000 United States fourth Liberty loan, 4¼'s ______60,765.13 One $1,000 United States Treasury savings cer- tificate ______820. 00 Two $100 United States Treasury savings cer- tificates ______------164. 00 Three $25 United States Treasury savings cer- tificates __ - ______- - _ - ______------· 61. 50 ----- $314,393.33 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HA"\VA.II, i9'l!4 i1 JJ iscellaneous special funds: A.ssurance fund- Seven $1,000 Territory of Hawaii public im· . provement bonds, 1917, 4's ______$6,862.80 Five $1,000 Hawaiian Electric Co. (Ltd.), 6's 5,042.33 One $1,000 United States Treasury savings certificate. _____ . ______-- ___ ------820.00 Two $100 United States Treasury savings certificates. ____ - ______----___ ------_-- 164. 00 $12, 889. 13 Teachers' pension fund- Fourteen $1,000 Territory of Hawaii public improvement bonds, 1917, 4's ______13,725. 60 One $1,000 United States Treasury savings certificate_ - - ___ - __ - - __ ------820. 00 Two $100 United States Treasury savings certificates.~ ______- ______-- ____ - 164. 00 14, 709. l)() Insurance fund- Three $1,000 Territory of Hawaii refunding bonds, 1920, 5's______3,000.00 Forty-three $1,000 Territory of Hawaii pub- lic improvement, 1917, 4's ______41,353.20 Two hundred and forty-one $100 Territory of Hawaii public improvement, series C, 1914---15, 4's ______- ___ --- ______------23,903.44 Twenty $1,000 United States second Liberty loan, converted, 4¼'s ______20,080.00 One $10,000 United States third Liberty loan, 4¼'s______------______-- _------10, 100. 00 Four $10,000 United States fourth Liberty loan, 4¼'s ______-~ ______--- 40, 510. 09 One $1,000 United States Treasury savings certificate_ --_ -~ __ - _ ------__ ------820.00 Two $100 United States Trea,,mry savings certificates ______164. 00 139,930. 73 TotaL ______- ______481, 922. 79 CORPORATfONS During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1924, 59 corporations were created and 43 dissolved, as follows: Created Dissolved A.griculturaL •• ______Mercantile ______• ______. ______J ___ _ 1 3 Trust ______• ______48 39 1 ------Eleemosynary ______. ______9 1 f-----1---- Total ••• ____ ••• ______" ______59 43 Leaving at the close of the fiscal year 1,028 domestic corporations, an increase of 14 in all. The total capitalization of domestic cor porations, other than eleemosynary, etc., is $249,452,798, an increase of $11,498,950, or 4.83 per cent for the year. Foreign corporations to the number of 178, as compared with 172 of the preceding year, are authorized to do business in the Territory. The classes, number, and capitalization of the domestic corporations now in existence, in corporated before and after the transfer of sovereignty to the United States, are as follows: 22 ANNUAL ~PORT OF. GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Hawaiian corporations, June 30, 1924 ,, Number Capital Class Incorporated Incorporated Incorporated Incorporated before Aug. after Aug. Total before Aug. after Aug. Total 12, 1898 12, 1898 12, 1898 12, 1898 tf,icultural••• ----·-···- 33 63 96 $48, 930, 000 $47,970,815 $96, 900, 815 ercantiJe __ ; ______34 614 648 30,303,285 87,280,738 117,584,023 Railroad . • J •• _ ---····-·- 4 5 9 8,050,000 7,759,960 , 15, 809, 960 Street car------2 2 2,950,000 2,0ji(),000 Steamship. ______------l 2 3 5, (KX), 000 206,000 5,206,000 Bank ______------l 10 11 1,100,000 3,250,000 4,350,000 TrustSavings ______and loan ______------26 26 2,152,000 2,152,000 1 11 12 1,250,000 2,950,000 4,200,000 Insurance ••• ______-.. ------2 2 ------~ 300,000 300,000 Eleemosynary __ ------34 185 219 ------108 920 I 1,028 94,633,285 154,819,513 249, 452, 798 Total.• ------I BANKS. Twenty-nine banks were in operation at the close of the year. These were distributed aF follows: Nine in Honolulu, one at Pearl Harbor, two at Waialua, and one each at Schofield and Waipahu, on the island of Oahu; two at Hilo, one at North Kona, one at Honokaa, one at North Kohala, one at Kau, and one at Kealakekua, on the island of Hawaii; two at Wailuku, one each at Kahului, Paia, and Lahaina, on the island of Maui; and one each at Lihue, W aimea, and Kapaa, on the island of Kauai. Two are national banks, namely, one at Honolulu, one at Schofield. One of the banks is solely a savings bank, one ia solely commercial, and the r0m11.inder are both commer<'ial and savings banks. Deposits in banks since organization of Territorial government • Number Commercial Savings Fiscal year deposits deposits Total of hanks Dec. 31 June30 1901. ______. ------8 $3, 857, 413. 16 $804, 718. 01 $4,662, 131.17 1902 _____ •••• __ . _ ------____ • _. _. --___ -- _. - _-- __ _ 9 4, 094, 919. 90 1, 073, 581. 56 5, 168, 501. 46 1903 ____ • __ ---. __ . _--- . __ •• _. _ •. ______--__ --__ •• 9 3, 694, 965. 00 1, 102, 707. 24 4, 797, 672. 24 1904 ______------__ -----_ ----_ ----- 9 4, 159,078. 89 1, 372, 157. 00 5, 531,235.89 1905___ ------_•• -----__ ------__ _ 9 3, 993, 052. 90 1,695, 326. 76 5, 688, 379. 66 moo ______. ____ . ______.• ______.. _ 9 5, 022, 495. 26 2, 527, 943. 96 7, 550, 439. 22 1907__ ---_ --____ . -----_·- --• _ --... __ .. _ --__ -- _ -- 11 4,966,042.04 2, 777, 554. 40 7, 743, 596. 44 1908 ------11 5, 074, 836, 16 2, 588, 722. 87 7, 663, 559. 03 1909 _____ ------_____ --_ •••• _------______.• -- 11 6,334,991.42 3, 322, 827, 79 9, 657, 819. 21 1910__ •. -- _____ --_. _.. _--- _--- __ ---- _. _. __ . -- __ . 11 9,033, 385. 97 4, 290, 919, 57 13, 324, 305. 54 1911. _____ •. __ ------_. --_. __ • _-- ____ ---___ • ___ • 16 10, 289, 707. 89 5, 020, 555. 62 15, 310, 263. 51 1912____ . --_--- . ___ ------_. --• _. _---- ______.. __ _ 17 12, 667, 162, 39 5, 521, 973. 11 18, 189, 135. 50 17 11,641,901.30 5, 384, 395. 72 17, 026, 297. 02 18 10, 371, 874. 60 6, 275, 790, 63 16, 647, 665. 23 19 12, 378, 041. 53 7, 736, 569. 32 20, 114, 610. 85 19 17,317,339,40 9, 061, 910. 28 26, 379, 249. 68 1917_ --___ ••• ______- - - - __ --•••• ------•.. -1 221 22,486, 524. 31 10,205,496. 70 32, 692, 021. 01 m1======~~-======' 23 24, 620, 004, 80 9, 892, 708, 08 34, 512, 712. 88 26 24,898,287, 81 10, 450, 846. 55 35, 349, 134. 36 1920_ --__ • _. ---. __ -----___ .. _ --______- ----__ 26 1 36, 975, 335. 93 1.5, 807, 778. 11 52, 783, 114. 04 1921.mg---======---======1 ______. ----_------__ ------31 \ 1 32, 545, 538. 38 18,635,866. 41 51,181,404.79 192'2 _-- . _. _. ·------__ --___ ---_. --__ -----_ -- 28 ; I 28,379,489. 19 17,863, 992. 17 46, 243, 481. 36 1 1 Q9,3 ___ ------. ------• - • 291 I 31, 616, 007. 39 21, 765, 731. 51 53,381, 738. 90 1924______• _-- --___ --• __ • ____ • ___ •• ______• _. 29 _ 1 33, 257, 399, 35 23, 238, 363. 06 56, 495, 762, 41 1 As of June 30. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, ·1004 23 Savings bank accounts, by rq,ces, June 30; 1924 · I Population Accounts Deposits Races Estimated June 30, Per cent Number Per cent Average Total Per cent 1924 .. . ~---. ------~------· Japanese-_---·------··· 125,368 40.82 24,109 27.38 $110.37 $2, 000, 880. 66 11.45 24,522 7.99 9,162 10.41 328.36 3,008,479. 78 12.95 42,221 13. 75 16,136 18. 33 82,00 1, 323, 205. 75 5.69 Portugese~~:~n.:-:======.....•.....• __ 28,730 9.35 9,954 11.80 270.37 2, 691, 294. 84 11.58 All others.•...•••..•.••. 86,259 j 28.09 28,689 32.58 I 472.46 13, 554, 502. 03 58.33 Total •..•....•••.. 307,100 I 100.00 I 88,050 100.00 1263,92 23, 238, 363. 06 100.00 1 Average. Comparative statement of fire insurance business transacted in the territory of Ilawai-i for the calendar years 1903-1923, inclusive Percentage Loss paid Insurance Losses, Joss to for each Year written Premiums claims, etc., amount $100 paid insured premium· 1903. ··-·····--···-···-····-······· $19,888,471.92 $364,628.51 $153,261.17 $0. 0077 $42. 00 1004...... 20,374,737.27 364,947.07 ll6, 215. 63 .0047 26.30 1905 .. ·······-····················· 22,359,559.00 377,762.00 28,456.00 .0012 7.53 1006...... 21,928,280.95 389,913.91 166,249.64 .0075 ,42.63 1907 ..•••.....••....•••.•.•• •••··• 23,270, 29?.. 95 442,361.19 37,512.67 .0016 8.50 1908. _ ••••··••••••••••••··••••••••• 25,214,465.13 445,086.44 39,000.52 .0015 8.80 .1909. --·························-·· 25,239,095.86 489,361.49 10,259.71 .0004 2.09 1910-...... 24,343,503.77 508,262.80 69,778.62 .0028 13. 70 1911-. .••. ....••....•••.•...•.....• 26,527,407.86 549,456.92 95,494.35 .0036 17.38 1912...... 27,131,432.65 585,292.56 47,781.56 .0017 8.16 1913...... 28,385,446. 72 567,821.25 87,630.79 .0030 15.43 1914-...... 29,632,953.11 558,888.90 64,782.95 .0021 11.58 1915.. ..•.....••....•••.....•.....• 36,014,438.62 602,634.14 82,171.21 .0023 13. 58 1916 .. ······-··-··-····-·····-··-·· 39,784,264.66 692,232.98 53,217.44 .0013 7. 66 1917-- ···-····-···-····-··········· 48,508,089.66 857,887.65 41,714.87 .0008 4.86 1918 .·········-···················· 55, 275,c42.15 932,259.59 50,702.58 .0009 5.44 1919...... 60,985,287.19 1, 081, 372. 98 90,164.84 .0015 8.33 1920...... 98,398,430.53 1, 672, 241. '>6 271,962.15 .0028 , 16.26 1921 ...·-·····-···················· 65,743,987.03 1, 247, 152. 60 187,640.45 .00285 J 15.04 1922 ...••.... -.•...· ········--····· 69,619,099.00 1, 191, 395. 17 93,655.19 . 0013 I 7. 86 1923 ..••••.•.·--·······-·····-·-··· 84,993,572.91 1,225, 794. 32 198,583.22 .0023 ! 16.20 Totals_ ... ··-··············- 853,·618, 460. 94 15,146,753.93 1, 966, soi. 56 I 1.0023 [· I 14.12 1 Average. Recapiticlation of insurance business transacted in the territory of Hawaii J~>r the year 1923 Losses, Class Insuranre Premiums Renewal claims, etc., written preU1iums paid ------!-. ···-···- --·l-----~~-----1------Fire .. ·····················-····-············· $84,993,572.91 $1,225,794.32 $198,583. 22 Marine .•.. ····-·························.... 144, 529, 105. co 400,373. 57 134,866.44 Life...• ·-····-··-··················-········· 11,424,783.00 471,185.57 $2, 063, 659. 90 439,817.70 Accident and health .....··········-·········...... 126,603.12 39,773.64 4utomobile ...... •...... -··-··-··-··-· ...... 227,353.91 62,685.68 Burglary.·-··-··---··········-············-·· ··--············ 7,472.26 531. 86 Employers' liability..•...... _...... 7,498.95 1,325.00 ·Fidelity and snmty. ···············-········· ······-········· 152,118.83 9,344.52 Plate glass...... 7,737.99 2,680.31 Packag" ···········-····-··-··-·············· ··-' ····•······· 115. 00 20.00 Property damage ...• ··········--············ .••...... • 17,291.40 5,956.45 Live stock .. ··-······························ ········-······· 12. 00 Workmen's eompensation..••...... _ .•...... •...... 241,594.81 127,145.55 Riot and civil commotioa ·····--········-··· .••...... 147. 70 Tourist baggage...... ••.....•.... ··············-· 1,092.47 Other liability ...... ••....•• ·---······ ··········--·-·· 10,972.12 ····-··-····-- 8,395.48 1------'-----1-----+------'.ro'aL ...... ' -·················--··· 240,947,460.91 12,897,364.02 2,063,659.90 1,031,125.85 'I'otal in 1922 ...... ••...... 182,926,300.00 , 2,553,973.02 1,874,597.33 922,986.12 ;Increase in 1923 ....•••·-···-·············-··· 58,021,160.91 I 343,391.00 I 189,062.57 108,139.73 ------24 ANNUAL REPORT OF, GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19'24 Business transacted by insurance companies in the territory of Hawaii for the year ended December 31 1 1923 Number Number Kind of insurance of eom Kind of insurance of com panies panies Fire.•..•..••....•.....•••...... •.• ••··· 46 Accident, health, automobile, property Fire and automobile .. ,..a ••.•••...••••. 5 damage, burglary and theft, liability, Fire a,nd marine•..•..••••..•...... •.. 11 surety, plate glass, and workmen's Fire, riot, and civil commotion••.....•.. l compensation.-·-········-······--- __ _ 1 Fire and riot...... •.•.•...... Accident, health, automobile, employ· Fire, marine and automobile ....•...•... ! l ers' Jlability, property damage, and Fire and tourist baggage •..•...... i I workm<'n's compensation .. __ ·······-- Fire, marine, tourist baggage, and tor· Accident, health, _automoj:>ile, burglary nado ..•.• _.. __ .....•• _.•.•...... ••.. l ! and theft, liability, tldelity·and surety, Fire, automobile and fidelity and surety_ 1 plate glass, property damage, and Fire, marine, automobile, and wind- workmen's compensation...• ·-··--··· 1 storm .•••...... ••...... ••.. Accident, health, automobile, employ. Fire, automobile, fidelity, and livestock. ers' liability, surety, property damage, Fire, automobile, fidelity, plate glass, and workmen's compensation •.•. --··· · and package ...... •••.•...... •....••. 1 Accident, health, automobile, burglary Fire and parcel post.....•..•...... •.. 1 and theft, employers' liability, fidelity t{t;ine ..••.•.....•..•..... ·············! i and surety, plate glass, property dam· 12 age~ workn1en's compensation ______2 Life, accident, and health .•...... ••••.. 1 Accident, automobile, burglary and Automobile ...... ••...... ••... 3 theft, employers' liability, property Automobile, employers' liability, burg· damage, and workmen's compensation. lary and theft, property damage, plate Accident, health, automobile, employ· glass, and workmen's compensation •.. ers' liability, property damage, surety, Automobile, fidelity and surety, prop- . steam boil6r, and workmen's compen- erty damage, plate glass, and collision.) sation••. ·--... _..•...... •....•••. _... _ Accident aµd health ..••....•....•..••.. Accident, automobile, employers' lia· Accident, health, fidelity and surety, bility, and property damage..•.• -.. -.. burglary and theft, and employers' Burglary and theft and fidelity and liability•...... •••...... •.. surety ···············-·-··-····---·-· 3 Accident, health, automobile, and prop· Fidelity, tornado, and sprinkler leakage. l erty damage •...... : .•...... ••..•. Plate glass .. ···········-··-····-·-······ 1 Accident, health, automobile, property , damage, and collision .•..•...... •.. ! Total...... ·······---··-··--· ..... llB COMMERCE Imports and exports during last 10 years 1 I Imports j Exports Total Years I--U-n-,-it_e_d_~i -F-or_e_ig-n-~----1:i--;nited Foreign ' imports and exports States 2 I countries Total 1 States countries , Total ------1------,-----1,-----l------·-----l--~---·-- - ·-----·----· 1915 ___ ····•••·• $20,348,832 $5,716,023 $26,064,855 !$62, 306,507 ' $01, 849 $62,368,356 $88, 433, 211 1916. ___ ·-······ 28,029,681 6,068,529 34,098,210. 64,445,631: 225,221 / 64,670,652 98,769,062 1917 .. ······-··· 39, 875, 390 6,482, 951 46,358,341 74, 480, 119 i 635, 864 [ 75, 115, 983 121, 474, 324 1918._•·-•·••·-· 45,004,156 6,797,048 51,801,204 79,395,388 I 1,151,2[8 i 80,546,606 132,347,810 1919__ ..••••••.. 42,421,474 8,322,319 50,743,793 82,409,114 I 5,840,907188,250,021 138, 993, 814 1920-....••.•... 53,669,174 9,614,473 63,283,647 101, 194, 7331 3,585,071 1104, 779,804 168,063,451 1921._ .....•••.. 77,739,381 12,561,879 90,301,260 177,173,234 3,547,008 1180, 720,242 271,021, 502 1922 ...... ••. _. 56,223,067 7,819,673 64,042, 740 71,615,805 1,132,438 I 72,748,243 136, 700, 983 1923 ... -··------56,837,991 8,038,823 64,876,814 81,495,984 1,272, 333 1' 82,768,317 147,645,131 1924__···-·····- 69,678,434 8,986,878 78,665, a12 100,138,065 1 1,588,411 po, 726,476 189,391, 788 'I'otaL ... 489, 827, 580 so, 408, 596 570, 236, J 76 003, 654, 580 \ 19,040, 320 I 922, 694, 000 1, 492, 931, 076 1 Fiscal years ending Mar. 3}. 2 During the last fiscal year the shipments of gold and silver coin other than through the mails were: From the United States, $143,420; from foreign countries, nothing; to the 1,'nited States, $10,000; to foreign countries, $57,940. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19'M 25 Imports and exports by countries 1 Imports Exports Countries 1923 1924 1923 1924 Australia______··------·-·-·--·····----·-- $596,727 $317,520 $25,428 $22,032 Other British Oceania ...... _____ ···---·---·-··- 699 21,139 55,373 British India ____ ---·-····--_--·-·-·-______·- 674,655 1,326,801 3,598 125 Canada ______...,,. ______------32,397 111,904 297,083 296,815 Chile_. _____ ...... ___ .-·. __ ·-. --.... ---. --.... 2,060,347 2,221,057 ------France._ .. ·-____ , ___ ._ ... _. ___ .... ·-___ • __ . __ ·- 9,070 5,055 ------1,804 German~.. ___ ------30,881 26,206 ------Hongkong_-·-· .... ______.. ___ -·._. ______._ .... 793,078 719,773 15,712 15,715 Japan_. __ ... _._ ---- __ -· -. --. ·-· .. ------.... ---- 2,618,991 2,535,364 96,901 198,584 zm~;~o~i~~dom.-···---=--··-----·------··· 216,871 217,320 310,243 58,030 1,025,107 1,505,878 502,229 939,933 l------+------+-----1----- Total foreign ____ .. __ ---·-··--______--··-· 8,038,823 8,986,878 1,272,333 1,588,411 United States ___ -----·-··-----·-·----··-··-- __ _ 56, 83i, 991 69,678,434 81,495,984 109, 138, 065 Grand total .. _.... ~---·-·------·-_·----· 64,876,814 78, 66-'\, 312 82,768,817 110,726,476 1 Fiscal years ending ::\Iarch 31. Domestic exports by articles, fiscal years 19B3 and 1924 1 United States, 1924 Foreign, 1924 Articles Quantity Value Quantity Value Pounds Pminds Sugar •. ---·-·----·····--·---···-----··· 1,115,424,894 $77,409,943 389 $35 629,650 120,967 ~~rs-andnuts-(:::::::::::::::::::::: ····--=~:~~~~~. 27, ~; ~g 465,917 Rice •• -·-······-----···-·------····-·-- 467,200 - 10,458 l#~::-·-·····-----·····-----··----····· ···-·· 1,327,449 - 3, ~ ~ :::::::::::::::: -·····---978;049 1------t------t------i------T ota L ....- --· • -· -· ----· · ----• · · · · -----·-·----···· 109,043, 28/i -·········-·····J 1,564, 9ll8 Total, 1924 TotaJ, 1923 Articles Quantity Value Quantity Value Pounds Pounds Sugar ______·---·---·------·····-----·· 1,115,425,283 $77,409,978 1,193,351,378 $54,232, '1119 Coffee __ .. ______·-·---·-····-----····- 2,336,343 462,909 4,327,706 744,511 Fruits and nuts'·-·---····------··-·--···-·-----·--·-- 28,372,055 24,122,234 mi.~:::::::::::::::::::::~::::::::::: d~: ~ 1½i: ~ i; i:: g~g 1M: ~~ Other-·-·----········--····------··---- ··------···---- 4,216,649 -·-·--·-··-··--· 3,364, 3711 1------1------1------1------T ot al .•.••...... -- -· · - · · -· - -· · · · · · --····-----····- 110,608,253 -·----·········· 82,699,688 1 For fiscal years ending Mar. 31. ·2 Mostly pineapples. 26 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Value of imports from, foreign countries, year ending March 31, 1924 Foodstuffs: Shellfish ______$166,613 '£ea ______102,197 Beef and veal______248,812 Mutton and lamb ______60,463 Farinaceous substances ______21,-361 Eggs in shelL ______20,308 Condensed and evaporated milk ______4,518 Butter______32§, 569 Dried and salt fish ______-. ______27,, 831 Rice ______59, 105 Rice flour and broken rice ______23,452 Potatoes, onions, garlic, etc ______18, 717 Canned vegetables ______66,058 Pickles and sauces ______95,183 Apples ______12,718 Dates and other preserved fruits ______67,995 Meats prepared or preserved ______---r----- 33,666 Poultry ______· ______37,484 Biscuits ______- ___ --- - - 16,386 Macaroni______29,680 Dried beans ______- - --- _ 53,012 Prepared or preserved vegetables ______373,545 Vegetable oils including peanut, rape, olive, soya ___ _ 113; 044 Mushrooms and truffles ______50,216 Other foodstuffs ______186,410 Total. foodstuffs ______~ ______$2, 467, 343" Coal______252,118 199,891 1,036,112 iittt:f::ing______56; 761 Medicinal preparations and drugs ______93,436 Earthenware and chinaware ______~ ______52,337 Firecrackers ______22,363 Toilet preparations and soaps ______32,478 Toys and dolls ______· ______15,666 Matches ______55,987 Leather footwear ______109,002 Woolens ______86,398 Cottons ______259,570 Silks ______. ______135,247 Paper, all kinds ______48,497 J\4oving picture films ______41,008 Cigars, cigarettes al!ld tobacco ______56,294 Portland cement ______- ______- 168192 Books and pamphlets not in English ______• ______45; 832 Fertilizers: Phosphates ______$164,797 Nitrates ______2, 048, 672 Other fertilizers______812 Total fertilizers ______2,214,281 All other______1,538,065 TotaL ______- ___ - - - - - ___ ------· ------8,986,878 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 27 Customs receipts, fiscal years since organization of Territorial government Fiscal year Amount Fiscal year Amount (half of June)----,-·------$45,523.99 11)14 ______$1,184,416.12 i~ 1,219,618.93 1915______1,019,534.63 1902 ___ ------__ • ------1,327,518.23 1916------1,161,051.12 1903 ___ --_- -_-- --____ • _. ___ --_-- • ___ _ 1,193,677.83 1917 ______1,169,084. 80· 1904 ____ ------·------1,229,492.15 1918------1,009,243.48 1905 ____ --·-_------1,043,404.40 1919______858,258.25 1900 ______· ------_ 1907 ___ ------mt======~n: 1908_ --_------_--- •• ------1,550,157.32t ::: ~6t: ~ 1022______1,076,163.12'ti~: ~ 1909 _-- •• -·-______--• ------• ___ • --_ 1,396,379.91 1923______1,500,653.34 1,575,319.15 11924___ ,______1,543,911.06 • 1910 ____ --·-···------· ------191L ___ • ----_____ •••. ------1, 6fi4, 761. 34 1912 ____ • ------• ------__ --_-- 1,643,197.37 I TotaL __ ------31,547,598, 40 1913 ______• ____ •• --______• _. __ 1, 869, 513. 89 I Sources of customs receipts, year ending June 30, 1924 Duties on imports ______$1, 454, 088. 75 Fines, penalties, and forfeitmes. ______2,538.10 All other· customs collections ______9,799.28; Tonnage tax ______37,469.76 All other commerce collections _____ ·______------1,877.24 Head tax ______25,456.00 All other labor collections. ______700. 00 Public health and other treasury collections ______11,981.93 Total______1, 543, 91i. 06 A.rrivals and departures of vessels at ports of Territory of Hawaii during last nine years Number of . Gross ·Number of Gross Fiscal year vessels tonnage Fiscal year vessels tonnage . 1916 __ • ------.837 4,881,713 1921.------1,001 6,088,689 1917 ------850 4, 338,007 1922------932 6,090,140 1918. _. ------796 3, 460,205800,949 192419?-~, ______·------_ 927 6,580,557 1919 __ • ------893 966 6,899,681 19?fl------1,069 5,430,~76 I Yessels, by ports, fiscal year 1924 Number of Gross Ports vessels tonnage Honolulu, Oahu______•••• ______• ___ •• ___ . Hilo, Hawaii______• ______737 5,478,578 Kahului, Maui_, ______118 778,913 70 427,888 Port Allen, KauaL. ______• ______• ______•• ______. _. __ _ 41 214,302 Total._ •• ___ • ______•• ______• __ ••• ______• ______• 966 6,899,681 HA WAIi TOURIST BUREAU The Hawaii Tourist Bureau, formerlv the Hawaiian Promotion Committee, is the official publicity and "information organization of the Territory of Hawaii, created to attract travel to Hawaii. It functions as an independent branch of the Chamber of Commerce of Honolulu and is assisted by Territorial appropriation. The com mittee consists of five members appointed by the president of that 28 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 body each year, together with one representative from each of the four island counties of the Territory, appointed by the governor. The bureau is now expending approximately $100,000 a year for display advertising in leading magazines, printing, motion pictures, lant~rn slides, photographs, publicity writing, and its i~f~l'Ulation servrnes. It has a branch office at· 557 Monadnock :Bmldmg, San Francisco, whose manager travels and lectures extensively; an' information office in Los Angeles; a part time representative in the Orient, at Shanghai; and its advertising agents, with headquarters ~t Wellington, New Zeala~d, and Sydney, Aust~alia, rep_r~sent its mterests m these countries. Through 1ts active publicity and advertising efforts for more than 20 years the bureau has developed an all-year-round flow of visitors to the islands. Many visitors attracted to the islands for a visit have found them so delightful to live in that they have established permanent homes here. Probably the most gratifying result of the bureau's advertising has been the development of the Territory as a summer resort. Time was when travelers considered Hawaii impossible except during the so-called winter months of, say, December, January, February, and March, but by continual emphasis on the fact that the islands are really cooler in summer than most places on the ma~nland ?uring t~e sa:qie period, and that si:i.~mer is even mo_re delightful m Hawan than winter, a stream of v1s1tors has been bmlt up for the mid-year that almost eguals that of the midwinter season. No accurate record of the number of tourist visitors to the islands was ke]?t until the last few years. The record as now taken classes as tourists newcomers to the island who stay more than two days. Through passengers who visit about the city during the time their boat is in port are not included in these :figures, which are for calendar years, as follows: 1921 (Aug. 24-Dec. 31)______2,980 1922 ______9,676 1923 ______12,021 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES TRAFFIC WITH THE MAINLAND The Matson Navigation Co. operates on a weekly schedule between San Francisco and Hawaiian Island ports four combination passenger and freight steamers, the Maui, Matsonia, Wilhelmina, and Manoa, with sailings every Wednesday from Honolulu and San Francisco. Direct passenger and freight service between San Francisco and Hilo is furnished by this company with the steamer Enterprise, operating on a four-week schedule. The steamer Lurline operates in a direct passenger and freight service between Seattle and Honolulu, sailing every :five weeks. The steamers Manulani, Manulcai, Ma·una Ala, and Malcilci are freighters operating between Pacific coast and Hawaiian Island ports. One of these vessels calls regularly at Puget Sound points and one at Los Angeles. The steamers Makawali, Mahukona, and Makena are in the lumber trade, bringing cargoes of lumber from Puget Sound and returning with sugar to San Francisco. The motor schooner Annie Johnson makes regular trips betweefr San Francisco and the ports of Mahukona, Hawaii, and Hana, Maui: This company has recently announced that it will build a fast passen- ANNUAL REPOR'.F OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, ,1924, 29· ger liner which will make the voyag-e between San Francisco and Honolulu in four and one-half days, sailing from each port every t:wo weeks. This vessel will be ·575 feet long and will have cabin accommodations for 600 first-class passengers. It is expected· that it will be placed in the service within two years. The Isthmian Steamship Lines of New York operate a fleet of freight steamers, which bring freight from Atlantic ports. During the first part of the :fiscal year these steamers called once a month and during the latter part of the year called twice a month at this port. Direct passenger and freight service between Los Angeles and Honolulu is maintained by the Los Angeles Steamship Co., of Los Angeles, with sailings every two weeks from each port. This com pany operates the two steamers City of Los Angeles and Oalawai. Quite recently this _cmnpa~y exten~ed its se~yice to_ ~elude call~ at 1 the port of Kahulm, Mam, and Hilo, Hawaii, providing a daylight trip along the scenic windward shores of Molokai and Maui Islands. The Associated Oil Co. operated two vessels in its Hawaiian service, these bringing 562..,614 barrels of fuel oil and 2,296,564 gallons of gasoline during the year ended June 30, 1924. . The Standard Oil Co., under arrangements 'made the latter part of 1921, receives its shipments through the Matson Navigation Co. During the calendar year 1923 the Standard Oil Co. received 1,045,914 barrels of various fuel oils, gasoline, engine distillate and kerosene, and lubricating oils. The Union Oil Co. of California, received 1,694,482 gallons of gasoline, 121,712 gallons of kerosene, 917,056 barrels of fuel oil, and 54,457 barrels of diesol. THROUGH SERVICE The Pacific Mail Steamship Co. has in operation :five of the United States Shipping Board "535" type steamers, Presi The Anyo Maru and Jlakuyo Maru, of 18,000 tons each; Ginyo Maru, 16,000 tons; and Seiyo Maru, 14,000 tons, are on the run between China, Japan, Honolulu, San Francisco, San Pedro, Mexico, Panama, and South America. All of the steamers on the South American line call at Hilo after leaving Honolulu on the trip from Japan. . The Oceanic Steamship Co. operates the steamers Sonoma, Ven tura, and Sierra in the San Francisco, Honolulu, Samoa, Sydney service. These vessels touch at all points every three weeks. They have a tonnage of about 6,200 gross each, length 400 feet, passenger capacity about 250 in all classes. Honolulu is a regular port of call of the seven vessels of the Dollar Line round-the-world service, the President Harrison, President Van Buren, President Monroe, President Haye8, President Adam8, Presi dent Garfield, and President Polk. These combination passenger and freight steamers are approximately 20,000 tons displacement each, 522 feet in length, 62 feet beam and 42 feet depth, with passenger accommodations for approximately 100 persons. From the tourist traffic standpoint this hew service is of great value to the Territory of Hawaii, since liberal stop-over privileges are allowed. Vessels reach Honolulu every two weeks. This line also offers a direct freight s.erviee from Boston and New York to Honolulu. The Canadian-Australasian Royal Mail Line has two steamers on the Sydney, Auckland, Suva, Ho:aolulu, and Vancouver run. These are the Niagara, a triple-screw vessel, oil burning, length 543 feet, gross tonnage 13,500, accommodations for 693 passengers; and the Makura, twin screw, oil burning, gross tonnage 8,075, length 450 feet, passenger accommodations 410. There is now being constructed at Glasgow, for the Sydney-Van couver run, a steamer modeled after the Empre88 of Canada, of the Canadian-Pacific line, to be named the Aorangi. This .will be a quadru:ele-serew motor boat, propelling machinery to consist of four reversible single-acting two-cycle Fairfield-Sulzer-Diesel engines. The length will be 600 feet and. breadth at the boat deck 77 feet. In addition to capacity for 420 fust-class passengers, 276 second-class, and 233 third-class, this vessel will carry a considerable amount of cargo which wiU be worked from 8 holds by 16 silent-working winches. A large part of the hold space will be fitted to take refrigerated cargoes of frozen meat, butter, cheese, or fruit. There will be a number of one-berth as well as two-berth cabins, to be fitted with bedsteads instead of ordinary ships' berths. The Aorangi will be placed in commission some time in 1925 and will take the :place of the Makura, which vessel will be trans£ erred to the Sydney ( via Welling ton and Tahiti) to San Francisco run. Three vessels of the Canadian Government Merchant Marine (Ltd.) called at Honolulu during the year, the Skirmi8her, Scottish, and Seigne-ur. These vessels do not -call regularly, but when they have cargo to discharge or require bunkers or stores. INTERISLAND TRAFFIC The steamer Haleakala, of the Inter-Island Steam Navigation Co. (~td.), i~ the largest l 22 feet draft and of 3,679 gross tons and 1,546 net tans, leaves Hono lulu on Tuesday and Friday evenings and Hilo on Thursday and Sunday evenings. The other 12 vessels of the Inter-Island Steam :N" avigation Co. vary from 105 feet to 252 feet in length and from 11.5 to 18 feet draft; from 267 to 1,566 gross tons and from 152 to, 940 net tons. The total number of passengers carried · during the· fiscal year was 103,005, and the freight carried was 330,570 tons .. This is an increase of 3,010 passengers and 59,973 tons of freight as: compared with the previous year. · The steamer Hornet, owned by the Hawaii Meat Co., operates on a freight service to leeward ports of the island of Hawaii and certain ports of Maui. This vessel took the place of the Bee, which sunk after striking a rock one night during the spring. STEAM RAILROADS There are steam railroads on all islands, operating on regular schedules, and most of them carrying passengers. In addition, plantations have their private railway equipment for transporting can~ and laborers. The following table gives data on railway com pames proper; Steam railroads Rolling stock Islands and roads Track Locomo- Passenger Freight tives cars cars Oahu: Miles Ft. In. Oahu Railway & Land Co ______: ______161. 26 3 0 26 64 817 Koolau Railway Co,! ______11.00 3 0 2 2 10 Hawaii: . West Hawaii Railway Co.'------12. 00 3 0 2 40 Hawaii Railway Co ______20.00 3 0 4 4 96 Hawaii Consolidated Railway Co ______91.27 4 8½ 10 17 160 Maui: Kahului Railway Co ______41.52 3 0 9 9 183 Kauai: Kauai Railway Co ______7.06 2 6 2 37 Total______344.11 55 96 1,343 Freight Passengers IBonds out-I Rate of Capital Islands and roads carried carried standing interest stock Oahu: Tons Per cent Oahu Railway & Land Co______1,001,992 1,301,636 $2,000,000 5 $5,000,000 Koolau Railway Co,!______40,653 1,563 ______150,000 Hawaii: West Hawaii Railway Co•------______------360,000 Hawaii Railway Co ______47,448 222 ______100,000 Hawaii Consolidated Railway Co______310, 880 441, 530 2, 326, 000 5 a 3,654,960 Maui: Kahului Railway Co______319,021 165,282 ______900,000 Kauai: Kauai Railway Co______16,513 ______201,000 6 500,000 Total______1,736,507 1,910,233 4,527,000 ______10,664,960 1 Calendar year 1923. 2 All freight cars and locomotives operated during year by Kona Development Co. under agreement. 3 Divided as follows: Common, $400,000; first preferred, $2,575,000; second preferred, $679,960. 32 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII7 1924 STREET RAILROADS The Honolulu Rapid Transit & Land Co. controls and operates the only street railway system in the Territory. It is an electric line, partly single and partly double trf.!,ck. The authorized ca:pital stock is $3,000,000, of which -$2,500,000 is outstanding. Gross mcome for the calendar year was $988,928.37, a decrease of $593 from that of the preceding year. Disbursements were $1,022,512.96, an increase of $68,539.23. The gross income was made up of $978,433.48 from car earnings and $10,494.89 from other sources. Disbursements were segregated as follows: Oper ating expenses, $618,708.50; fixed charges, $141,766.30; dividends, $190,000; depreciation, $72,038.16. The number of fare passengers in 1922 was 19,767,680 and in 1923 was 20,150,318; free passengers, consisting principally of policemen, letter carriers, firemen, and em ployees, 140,476 in 1922 and 167,354 in 1923; passenger-car mileage m 1922 was 2,191,948.30 and in 1923 was 2,366,416.50. Since the granting of a new franchise by the legislature of 1921 more than $550,000 has been expended on improvements to track and equipment, 1iew capital expenditure which has been financed in part by a stock issue of $500,000. The year 1924 will demand further new capital expenditures of approximately $200,000. AUTOMOBILES The following table gives the registration of privately owned motor vehicles, by counties, as of June 30, 1924: City and county of Honolulu ______12,540 County of Maui ______2,620 County of Hawaii______3, 505 County of Kauai______2,124 Total______20,789 LIGHTHOUSES Honolulu is the headquarter.s of the superintendent of lighthouses for the nineteenth district, operating under the Department of Com merce. This district includes the Hawaiian Islands, Midway Island, Guam, and the American Samoan Islands. At the close of the year there were in commission 1 hyperradiant light, 2 second-order lights, 1 third-order light, 1 three and one-half order light, 7 fourth-order lights, 3 lens-lantern oil lights, 2 post-lantern oil lights, 28 automatic acetylene lights, 11 electric lights. in lenses, 2 electric lights without lenses, and 27 automatic acetylene lighted buoys; also 98 unlighted aids, including buoys and beacons. In addition to aids maintained by the Lighthouse Service there are 19 private aids to navigation auth9rized by the Lighthouse Service but maintained by private corporations for their special needs. The steam lighthouse tender Kulcui and the gasoline power patrol boat Lehua are stationed in this district. Improvements accomplished during the year include the change of four lens-lantern oil stations with keepers to automatic acetylene lights without keepers, the change of the lighting equipment at Dia mond Head Light Station to electric under automatic control dis- ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1004 33 pensing with a keeper, the establishment of two additional lighted gas buoys, and the purchase of equipment for increasing the intensity and making automatic the range lights for entrance to Honolulu Harbor. Plans have been developed and await appropriations by Congress for the following new lights: Cape Kumukahi, · Kahului Range, Kaula Rock, Lehua Rock, Ahukini Breakwater, and marked improvements at Kauhola Point, N awiliwili Harbor, and Midway Island. A new light at Kaumalapau and a temporary gas light at Cape Kumukahi will be established' next year, also three new gas lighted buoys. The construction of a new wharf and lighthouse depot at Honolulu was authorized by Congress in 1916 (to cost $120,000), but no funds have as yet been appropriated for it. . TELEGRAPHS AND TELEPHONES Hawaii has had cable communication with the mainland since December, 1902, when the Commercial Pacific Cable Co. put its line into operation, and with the Orient since July, 1903, when the same company completed its system across the Pacific. There are three wireless plants which have been in operation a number of years-the United States naval communication service, the Radio Corporation of America, and the wireless department of the Mutual Telephone Co. The Honolulu Advertiser operates a radio broadcasting station, giving regular programs throughout each week. A. number of times certain coast stations have been "picked up" and rebroadcasted to the various islands. The Mutual Telephone Co. operates the principal telephone sys tem on the island of Oahu, with a total of 13,555 instruments now in use, as compared with 13,148 instruments last year and with 22,201 miles of aerial wire, and 23,552 miles of underground wire as against 20,594.1 miles and 23,493.4 miles, respectively, in 1923. The Hawaii Telephone Co., of Hilo, operates 2,273 instruments on 8,076 miles of wire. The Maui Telephone Co., of Wailuku, operates 1,229 instruments, on 2,753.5 miles of wire. The Kauai Telephonic Co., of Lihue, operates 510 instruments on 795 miles of wire. HONOLULU POSTAL SERVICE Rapid growth of Honolulu and the principal urban communities throughout Hawaii compelled the Honolulu post office to expand its facilities steadily during the year. Postal receipts at Honolulu during the fiscal year which ended June 30, 1924, exceeded the previous high mark of 1923 by more than $30,000. The increase of 1923 over 1922 was about $20,000 and of 1922 over 1921 about $12,000. The upward swing was obvious, and the Post Office Department at W ashmgton approved a series of recommendations from the postal authorities in Honolulu for increase of personnel and facilities to handle larger mails. Bethel Station, a branch of the main Honolulu office, was opened November 15, 1923. It is located in the old post-office building and furnishes postal facilities near the heart Qf the retail ssction. It is a convenience to the public and relieves the main office at rush periods. 34 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAIIJ 1924 Two additional clerks were added to the force of the post office on July 1, 1923; three additional clerks and three additional carriers in November, 1923; and on July 1 of this vear, six new clerks and two new carriers were put to work. Two more clerks and two more carriers -are to be granted on October 1. The new post-office quarters in the Federal building are described by visiting postal experts as among the finest in the United States. Nevertheless, the growth has been such that at times the present floor space is inadequate. Postmaster D. H. MacA.dam has filed a recommendation with the Postmaster General and with the Secretary of the Treasury for an addition to the post office when Congress appropriates for the customs warehouse on the lot at the rear of the present post office. The recommendation has been tentatively approved. Figures on postal receipts at Honolulu for the fiscal years 1914 to 1924, inclusive, are as follows: 1914 ______$137, 632. 31 1920 ______$219, 649. 14 1915 ______140,219.19 1921 ______303,227.31 1916 ______158, 659. 10 1922 ______315,116.11 1917 ______176,557.24 1923 ______335,403.76 1918 ______204, 553. 83 1924______367, 144. 26 1919 ______227,152.84 The statistics of money-order business show increases in the value of both domestic and international money orders issued and paid at Honolulu. The figures follow: Value of domestic Value of international money orders- money orders- Year Certified to Issued at Paid at Issued at Paid at Japan by Honolulu Honolulu Honolulu Honolulu Honolulu 1914 ______--_-- ---___ --_-- ____ _ $670, 459. 66 $1, 159, 362. 98 $170, 243. 84 $14,120.95 $851, 480. 46 1915 ______--______--___ ------__ 620, 699. 74 1, 070, 379. 32 159,225.31 10,822.68 850,058.42 1916 ____ --_-- _____ --__ --______--- 652, 365. 93 1, 054, 919. 91 195,031.51 13,424.06 861,868.05 1917 ------685, 416. 42 1, 259, 200. 65 210,775.97 13,633.54 1, 198, 038. 30 1918 ______--_------____ _ 708, 309. 60 1, 342, 213. 47 216,710.00 15,207.24 997,528.93 1919 ______--______-- 652, 747. 32 1, 296, 395. 25 152,936.49 52,282.32 875,497.15 1920 ______---______----__ _ 744, 999. 66 1, 655, 996. 11 141,259.37 74,201.93 770,656.94 1921______----____ --____ --___ --__ 997, 696. 95 2, 262, 102. 33 195,400.66 21,063.86 1, 011, 938. 83 1922 ______--___ ----___ _ 1,163,734.21 1,349,475.51 161,657.53 10,066. 73 568,254.68 1923 ______--______------_ 1, 282, 220. 70 1, 562, 921. 64 156,355.48 13,524.66 512,840.09 1924 ______--___ --______--___ _ 1, 289, 589. 46 1, 668, 508. 45 148,026.18 18,468.86 553,941. 75 The statistics ?f articles registered and insured and sent C. 0. D., :3-t Hon?lulu durmg the·fiscal years 1921-1922, 1923, and 1924 are mterestmg. Number Number I Number Year pieces of pieces 1. pieces sent registered insured I 0. 0. D. 1921______81,245 69,226 11,226 1922 ______---..•. --__ .. __ -----. --. _-- _. __ --. ___ . _-- _.• --.•. _. _---- __ _ 82,478 109,361 8,409 1923 _____ ------. --__ ------____ --_-- _-- __ --___ --__ ----• __ -----__ ---__ _ 77,595 126,023 10,833 1924 ______-----• _-- __ ---_-- _-- _-- _____ --______--__ • ----__ ----_-- __ _ 89,436 115,955 13,343 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAW.A.II, 1924 85 Possibly due to keener competition on the part of private insurance companies, the number of pieces of parcel post insured at Honolulu dropped off somewhat in 1924 by comparison with 1923. It is to be noted the number of pieces sent C. 0. D. from Honolulu increased substantially. J_'he local post-office authorities are urging the Honolulu merchants to use the C. 0. D. service to increase their sales both in the Territory of Hawaii and on the mainland. The increase of postal receipts gives an idea of the increase in the volume of mail posted at Honolulu. To furnish statistics on the volume of mail entering Honolulu would exceed the limits of this statement. It is a fact that the mails arriving at Honolulu from other island points, from the mainland, and from foreign countries have steadily become larger and larger. The incoming C. 0. D. business has taxed the capaci~y of the new post office to its very limit_. Local merchants are usmg parcel post to a greater extent for the importa tion from the mainland of high-grade merchandise. Postal receipts include stamp sales and box rents. They deter mine the classification of post offices, but, in a case like that of the Honolulu· office, do not reflect the volume of financial business transacted. Honolulu is a central accounting office and as such handles the postal accounts of all the other post offices in Hawaii, excepting Lihue, W ailuku, and Hilo, and including Guam and Pago Pag_o, Samoa. It is also a depository office of the money-order funds of Lihue, W ailuku, and Hilo. The total of funds handled in the fiscal year 1924, in all accounts, was almost $6,000,000. POPULATION AND RACE STATISTICS See "_Schools" for pupils by races, ages, etc., in public schools; "Taxation" for amount of taxable property owned and income taxes paid by different races; "Public lands" for homesteads taken by different races; "Banks" for amount of saving deposits by differ ent races; "Vital statistics" for births, mariages, and deaths and estimated population by races; and "Courts" for percentages of convictions among different races. The population of Hawaii on January 1, 1920, as shown by the Fourteenth Census of the_ United States, was 255,912. Compared with a population of 191,909 in 1910, this shows an increase during the 10 years of 64,003, or 33.4 per cent. The population of the Territory was estimated by the board of health to be 307,100 on June 30, 1924, an increase of 51,188 in the four and one-half years since the Federal census., The first census of the Hawaiian Islands was taken in 1832 and was followed by censuses in 1836, 1850, 1853, and 1860. These were very simple and rudimentary in character. There was no provision for taking a census at regular periods until 1865, when the legislative assembly made it the dutv of the board of education to make a complete census of the Kingdom every sixth year, counting from the year 1860. These were taken until 1896, and in 1900 the first Federal census was taken. 36 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Pop,ulation of Hawaii, 1832 to 1920 1832 ______1836 ______130, 313 1878-- __ ,_: ______------57; 985 108,579 1884 ______80,578 185Q ______, __ 189Q ______89,990 1853 ______84,165 1860 ______73, 138 1896 __ ------109,020 69,800 190Q __ ------, ______154,001 1866 ______62,959 191Q ______191,909 1872 ______56,897 1920 __ ------___ -- ___ ---,- __ ~55, 912 Population of Hawaii, by islands, 1920 Hawaii______64,895 Midway ______31 Kahoolawe ______3 Molokai______1,784 Kauai_____ ------29,247 Niihau ______191 Lanai ______185 Oahu ______123, ~96 Maui ______36, 080 The city proper of Honolulu by the 1920 Federal census had a population of 83,237, and Hilo, island of Hawaii, 10,431. Area and population of counties, 1920 Population Per cent 1---~---I increase County Area Per square since Tota.l mile 1910 Sq. miles HawaiL------····-·-----·· 4,015 64,895 16.2 17.2 Honolulu._ •••• ____ .• __ --·--· ••••••• ----_--- -· ••••••.. --. ---- 600 123,527 205.9 50.6 Ka.lawao. __ • __ ••..••.••. ____ •••• __ .. __ • __ • __ . _•• ______... _." _ 11 667 60. 6 -15.0 Kauai..••.•• ____ ·-···-__ • __ ••••••...•. __ ._ •• ___ •••.• ___ ._ •. _. 641 29,438 45. 9 22.9 Maui 1 ••• ___ •• ___ ••• ------·. ------· ------1,182 37,385 31. 6 25. 6 1 Includes islands of Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, and all of Molokai except Ka.lawao. Federal census figures, population of the Territory of Hawaii, by races Increase Race 1920 1910 siuoo 1910 Hawailan.---··------····------·- 23,723 26,041 2,318 Asiatic Hawaiian______6,955 3, 734 3,221 Caucasian Hawaiian______11,072 8, 772 12,300 Porluguese ••• ______27,002 22,301 4, 701 Porto Rican ••• _. ______,--·---·-----······ 5,602 4,890 712 Spanish ___ •••••• ------··--·------·········-··--··-·-···--····· 2,430 1,990 440 Other Caucasian.-•• ·-···--············--········--····-··--·····-·· 19, 708 14,867 4,841 Ohinese______------······------·--·--···-····------·-··-··- 23,507 21,674 1,833 1 7 i:!i!;e ·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ;; ~J 1iii ~;; ~~h~r ·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::. ::::::: ~~ ~~g It~ T ot aJ ______I1------1----+---- 255,912 191,909 64,003 1 Decrease. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII; 1924 37 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF CITIZENS, BY RACIAL DESCENT Tables showing race proportions in the Territory are apt to be mis leading in that they class under the various racial groups a large num ber of persons born in Hawaii and who are therefore entitled to all the rights of American citizenship. The following table has been pre pared by the bureau of vital statistics of the territorial board of health and shows the estimated number of citizens under each racial group as well as the number of foreigners of various nationalities. The table is based primarily upon the Federal census of 1920, with births, deaths, passenger arrivals and departures, and naturalization certificates issued since that date: Population of the Territory of Hawaii, 1924 Foreign- Foreign· Race Citizens ers <>r Total Race Citizens ers or Total aliens aliens ------/---I ___,, ______---·------American ...... } Hawaiian...... 21,271 ••••••••. 21,271 British...... 6 5 125,368 German------33' 972 300 34,272 ftEr~~:~::::::::::::::: ~; ~ ~; ~} 5,817 Russian ...... ••• i Oa)'.LC!15ian·Ha_l:l'aiian... 13,134 13,134 Portuguese...... 23,000 3,701 26,791 , Asiat1c-Hawa11an. ••... 7,816 7,816 Porto Rican...... 6,347 ...... •.• 6,347 t All others...... 135. 80 215 Spanish...... 1,080 i 859 1,939 ! 1---->----1--- O11\n~se...... 12,689 ! 11,833 24,522 TotaL...... 188,901 118,199 307,100 Fihpmos ...... •.••..•...• i 1 39,608 39,608 1 Owe allegiance to the United States. IMMIGRATION AND LABOR Labor report of 42 plantations of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association ' for the month of May, 192{ Number Total em· Number employees O!assification ployees on not on on pay monthly monthly roll basis basis Men: Americans...... •...... •. _... _...... 1,145 1,061 84 12,823 412 ~R~f:~= :: =: ::::::::: ::: :::::: :::::: ::::: ::: :: ::::: :: ::::: :::: 19,704 87 rn: ~1~ Chinese...... 1,421 53 1,368 Koreans ...... _..• _...... •. _..• _•••...... _..•.••...• _.... _ 997 12 985 Porto Ricans...... 1,089 16 1, 073 Portuguese...... 1,801 394 1,407 84 7 iifa';,~ans.: :::::::::::: :: :: : :::::: : : ::: :: : : ::::: :::: :: : : ::::::: 635 122 5ii All others...... •. _••...... •.... _...... 134 66 -----if-----t----200 T ot al men...... 39,899 2,298 37, 601 l====ll=====f==== Women: Japanese...... _••...... • _....•..•..••... __ .•. ___ .•...... _ 2,516 62 2,454 All others ...... ••...... •...... •...... •...... 668 64 604 Total wo~en..••..••...... •.....••...... •...•.•...•...... 1-----1----a---3,-05-83,184 126 641 .. . 1 10 45 ;iimi: i!Ei;: ~:: ======,___ 609 _, ____ ------... --, ___ ~_ Grand total, men, women, minors ...•...... •...... _...... 44,378 2,425 41, 953 38 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Arrivals and departures of steerage passengers for the year ending June 30,' 1924 Arrivals -- Coast Orient Total Wo- Chi!- Wo- Chi!- Wo- Chi!- Men men dren Men men dren Men men dren ------Chinese ___ ------37 8 5 865 132 82 002 140 87 Japanese_. ______87 21 6 1,887 I, 771 601 1,974 1,792 607 Filipinos __ ------19 3 1 3,947 I, 761 709 3,966 1,764 710 Koreans __ • ___ .. __ .•• _••..• __ 40 24 6 40 24 6 26 15 10 26 15 10 Portuguese_Porto Ricans.·------·------•• _____ .••• ______------Spanish .•••.• ______26 15 13 -----T ----~------26 15 13 Russians ••• ______9 2 3 ------~, ------10 2 3 4 ------l 6 3 3 IO 3 4 All others ______129 47 15 172 87 10 301 134 25 Total ______337 111 54 6,918 3,778 1,411 7,255 3,889 1,465 Departures 11-decrease.. ,+,~ ( - ) Coast Orient Total Men Wo- Ohil· Men Wo- Chi!- Men Wo- Ohil- M I Wo- Chi!- men dren men dren men dren ~.men dren ------Chinese ••• _. ______·_ 110 14 4 468 114 102 578 128 106 3241 12 -19 131 40 4 1,628 1,066 1,158 I, 759 1,106 I, 162 215 I 686 -555 2,002 93 53 11 274 194 154 3,276 287 206 690 1, 477 504 i!~!~::::::::::::::::::: 8 1 1 10 3 3 18 4 4 I 22 20 2 Porto Ricans ______112 88 98 5 2 2 117 90 100 -91 -75 -90 ____ ..,______.. 164 101 103 ------164 IOI 103 1-138 -86 -90 82 65 95 82 65 951 -72 -63 -92 Eg~1;;iri;~~======::::::::Russian• __ • ___ • ___ ._ •••.• __ ------All others ______9 3 6 2 ----r 4 11 4 10 -1 -1 -6 301 112 54 97 82 ' 9/ 398 194 63 I -97 -60 -38 -- Total ••••...• ------2,919 517 418 3,484 1,462 1, 432 16, 403 1,979 1,849, ( 852 11,910 -384 .. .. I Classification of May, 1924, labor statement Per cent of work done by- Number of- Classification I Men __WomenlI __ Minors Total Men Women! Minors Total Short-term contractors ___ _. ______31.6 2.4 .2 34.2 13,029 1,101) 104 14,240 Long-term contractors ______11.6 .9 , l 12, 6 4,567 478 440 5,485 Day laborers ______48.4 3.1 1. 7 53.2 20,005 I,473 / 750 22,228 Total.. ------91. 6 6. 4 2. 0 100.0 37,601 3, 0581 1,294 41,953 Nou.-Women and children are employed as helpers to men, School children are casual workers. PUBLIC LANDS Estimated total area of public lands as of June 30, 1924 Agricultural lands: Acres Acres Cane lands. ______26,750 Other agricultural lands ______---- 40,726 Rice lands. ______. __ . ___ . ___ -- __ . 3,224 70,700 Pasture lands ______625, 193 Homestead lands unpatented __ . _. ______-- ___ . --- - _- _. _.. --- 38,268 Town lots______--. - . ------909 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 39 Acres Fish ponds------350 Reservations ______29,716 Forest reserves ______579,905 Wastelands ______, ______255,838 Total ______1,600,879 Land-patent grants.-Two hundred and thirty-eight land patents were issued, covering a total area of 3,651,307 acres, valued at $126,- 235.05; 136 were issued on homesteads, covering a total area of 3,501,766 acres, valued at $76,115.64; 102 were issued on cash pur-· chases, preference rights, land exchanges, sales on time-payment agreements, compromises, and equitable settlements, involving a total area of 149,541 acres, valued at $50,119.41. Land patents in confirmation of land commission awards.-Three land patents were issued confirming three land commission awards, covering a total area of 2,532 acres. One was in fee simple on an area of 0.95 acre and two were for an area of 1,582 acres, against which a Government commutation of $99 was paid. Conveyance to the Territory by deed.-Thirty-nine deeds were re ceived conveying to the Territory lands for public purposes. Eleven of these were warranty deeds conveying a total area of 256,437 acres for a total consideration of $57,648:98; 3 were quitclaim deeds tq 0.306 acre, for a total consideration of $3; 6 were condemnations, conveying a total area of 9,757 acres, for a total consideration of $7,061, and 19 were deeds by way of exchange, whereby the Terri tory received a total area of 28,244 acres, plus a cash consideration of $164.44 in exchange for 21.76 acres, plus a cash consideration of $353.36. One certificate of title to the Lahainaluna school lands, · perfecting title to 2,573.20 acres, was received. · Au,ction sales.-One hundred auction sales were conducted. Eighty-fom lots, with a total area of 86.306 acres, were offered for sale at a total upset value of $47,145.50 and sold for a total of $55,247. One hundred and seventy-two general leases, covering a total area of 20,327,035 acres, offered at ah upset annual rental of $55,665.90, ,vere sold for an annual total rental of $60,070.65. Two wood licenses, covering a total area of 230 acres, were sold for a total annual rental of $501. , Special-sale agreements.-Fifty-four special-sale agreements were issued, covering a total area of 34.225 acres, valued at $38,502.92. Forty-four were on lots totaling 29.049 acres, sold at public auction. These were offered at a total upset price of $28,272 and sold for $34,096, the purchasers taking same on time-payment agreements. Ten were issued in connection with preference right to purchase claims, covering a total area of 5.176 acres, valued at $4,406.92, the claimants taking same on time-payment agreements. Revocable licenses.-Eight revocable licenses were issued, covering a total area of 20.867 acres for a total monthly rental of $109. Homesieads.-Forty-five pers0ns took up homesteads, having a total area of 1,511.325 acres, valued at $18,076.58. These home steads were taken under various forms of agreements as follows: Twenty-one right of purchase leases, covering a total area of 1,107.15 acres, valued at $7,765.93; 11 special homsetead agreements, cover ing a total area of 321.51 acres, valued at $10,310.65; 12 certificates 40 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 of occupation, covering a total area of 82.49 acres, unappraised, and 1 homestead lease, covering an area of 0.175 acre, unappriased. These homesteads were taken by citizens of different ancestry as follows: Hawaiians, 26, having a total area of 837.82 acres, valued at' $3,934.03; Portuguese, 9, havmg a total area of 356.365 acres; valued at $7,048.25; Anglo-Saxons, 3, having a total area· of 88.35 acres, valued at $4,050.70; Japanese, 2, havmg a total area of 95.19 acres, valued at $953.; Chinese, 1, having an area of 16.50 acres, valued at $331.60. · • Lots available for homesteading upon application.-A total of 691 lots, having a total area of 14,261.36 acres, are available for home steading upon application. Three hundred and seventeen, having a total area of 11,570.41 acres, are on the island of Hawaii; 198 lots, having a total area of 1,973.32 acres, are on the island of Maui; 14 lots, having a total area of 213.69 acres, are on the island of Oahu; 162 lots, having a total area of 503.94 acres, are on the island of Kauai. These lots have been appraised and classified, and, having once been advertised for homesteading, are available for rehomesteading upon application by qualified citizens. Transfers.-Eighty-six transfers were approved. Thirty-five were of agreements on homesteads, covering a total area of 1,014.20 acres, valued at $51,944.11; 28 were of time-payment agreements on house -lots, covering a total area of 20.216 acres, valued at $9,522.75; and 23 were of general leases, covering a total area of 7,886.963 acres, carrying an annual total rental of $17,659.50. Oancellations.-Fifty-nine documents were canceled for noncom pliance with conditions. Twenty-four were general leases, covering a total area of 1,822.061 acres, carrying a total annual· rental of $2,99_7.80; 19 were agreements 0:1_ homesteads, covering a total area, of 796 acres, valued at $20,187.6n, and 6 were agreements on house lots, covering a total area of 6.972 acres, valued at $2,555. One land patent, covering an area of 1.411 acres, valued at $183, was canceled, and 9 revocable licenses, held by 5 Hawaiians, 3 Japanese, and 1 Anglo-Saxon were canceled. The canceled general leases were held by 3 Hawaiians, 3 Anglo-Saxons, 10 Japanese, 4 Portuguese, 1 Chinese, and 3 corporations. The canceled homestead agreements were held by 12 Hawaiians, 5 Anglo-Saxons, and 2 Portuguese; and canceled agreements on house lots were held by 2 Hawaiians, 3 Anglo-Saxons, and 1 Chinese. Agreements affecting homestead lands approved.-Two hundred and one agreements affecting homestead lands, house lots taken on time payment agreements and lands under lease, were approved. Eighty four were contracts affecting homesteads, covering a total area of 2,141.54 acres; 36 were with individuals, covering a total area of 511.54 acres and 48 were with corporations, covering a total area of 1,630 acres. The contracts with individuals were for-various pur poses; 25 were for cane, covering a total area of 300.43 acres, with 10 Anglo-Saxons, 12 Japanese, 2 Portuguese, and 1 Hawaiian. Eleven were for pineapples, covering a total area of 211.11 acres, with 9 Japanese, 1 Portuguese and 1 Anglo-Saxon. The contracts with corporations were: Thirty-two for cane, cover ing a total area of 753.29 acres, with 22 Hawaiians, 4 Portuguese, 5 Anglo-Saxons, and 1 Japanese; 16 were for pineapples, covering a total area of 480.57 acres, with 5 Hawaiians, 4 Japanese, 4 Portuguese,. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAU, 1924 41 2 Anglo-Saxons, and 1 corporation. Twenty-four agreements by corporations to furnish water to homesteaders, covering a total area of 554.57 acres, were approved. The foregoing contracts were for terms of from 1 to 21 years and for various rates of settlement. ::'finety-three mortgages, covering a total area of 1,871.236 acres to secure loans totaling $240,024.48, were approved. Seventy-eight of these were on homestead lands, covering a total area of 1,860.777 acres, for loans totaling $203,284.48; 15 were on house lots, held under time-payment agreements, covering a total area of 10.459 acres, for loans totaling $36,740 for various :periods at various rates of interest. Transfers by executive orders.-Eleven executive orders were signed by the governor, setting aside a total area of 61'.611 acres for public purposes as follows: · - Area , No. Date (acres) Purpose and location 151 July 24, 1923 2.0 Public Park in Villa Franca, South Hilo, Hawaii. 152 Aug. 23, 1923 4.85 Addition to animal quarantine station, Waiakea, South Hilo, Hawaii. 153 Mar. 31, 1924 4.591 Public park and baseball grounds, Manana, Ewa, Oahu. lM Mar. 31, 1924 2, 78 Public pound lot, Kaauhuhu, North Kabala, Hawaii. 155 Apr. 24, 1924 1.85 Public cemetery, Hanapepe, Kona, Kauai. 156 Apr. 24, 1924 7.20 School purposes, Kekaha, Kauai (cancels executive order No. 77). 157 Apr. 26, 1924 37. 63 Oahu prison, Kalihi-kai, Honolulu, Oahu. 158 Apr. 26, 1924 Canceling executive order No. 42. 159 Apr. 9, 1924 ---~537- Armor¥ site for National Guard, Waiakea, South Hilo, Hawaii. 160 June 3, 1924 ------Cancelmg executive order No. 38. 161 June 3,1924 , 173 Public park, Diamond Head, Honolulu, Oahu. HYDROGRAPHY The general investigation of the surface water resources of the Territory, chiefly by maintaining stream gauging stations on the more important streams and ditches of the :five larger islands, has been continued during the year. A number of reconnaissances and special investigations have also been made and an intensive study of the artesian supply has been undertaken. Division of the stream. gauging work is shown in the following table: Gauging stations Discon Aided Measur- Number Stations tinued Stations by pri- ing Gov- Measure- miscel Islands July 1, during June 30, vate co- ernment ments laneous 1923 year 1924 operation waters made ~:;;1:[e· ------1----1------·!---+-----,---- Kauai. ______• ____ • --·-· .. _- --- Oahu______21 1 20 9 18 139 18 Maui______• ______5 1 4 4 4 20 23 41 0 41 16 39 230 21 7 0 7 3 4 40 0 Ni~~r------1 0 1 1 1 3 0 Tota1______75 2 73 33 66 432 62 The records obtained at nearly all of these stations are directly useful to the Territory in determining the values of water licenses and leases of water sold by the Territory to ·plantations and other water users, as well as for the more general use of reference with respect to studies of possible future developments or improvements. 42 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 At the request of the commissioner of public lands, special recon naissances or investigations were made at Koloa and Hanapepe, on Kauai; Waianae, Lualualei, Wailupe and Kailua, on Oahu; and the Koolau Ditch drainage near Keanae, on Maui. A :water-stage recorder was loaned to the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association for use in a special investigation of the -duty of water. Reconnaissance and inspection trips were made with the superin tendent of water works of the city of Honolulu in connection with the development of a high level supply for the city. The engineer for the Hawaiian Homes Commission was furnished with records of the :flow of streams on Molokai as fast as these were computed. In addition to this a great many requests for information were received from private individuals and in all cases these have been complied with to the fullest extent possible. . In connection with routine field work, the division of hydrography has maintained for the Weather.Bureau 13'rainfall stations on Kauai, 4 on Maui and 2 on Molokai. These are mainly at remote points in the mountains difficult to access. Aside from artesian well inves tigations, practically no new work has been undertaken and con struction has been limited to that necessary to the proper m11inte nance of our stations and equipment. The 1923 legislature made the appropriation for general water investigations available for the study of artesian waters and placed the responsibility for the supervision of the use of artesian waters on the superintendent of hydrography. In July, therefore, the study of the situation was resumed after having been discontinued for two y-ears. The unfortunate break in continuity of the work has resulted m the loss of valuable information and it has required the expenditure of considerable time and money to bring the work up to standard, so that one engineer has given nearly full time to artesian well work. His activities serve two main purposes, the determination of the available supply and the discovery and prevention of waste. By far the most acute situation has been in the area underlying the city of Honolulu, and the work on prevention of waste has resulted in stopping a loss of about 9,000,000 gallons per day, or. 18 per cent of the present total draft in that area, chiefly by requiring the recasing of defective wells and by the regulation of surface :flow. An addi tional 6,000,000 gallons per day may be saved by further work along this line. The continuing decline in well water level indicates, however, that an overdraft still exists. The average for June, 1924, is as low as the lowest June on record, whereas the previous low record fol lowed a period of two extremely dry/ears, while the 18 months preceding the present low level have ha a precipitation greater than normal. The local hydrographic engineers state that when Oahu again has a period of three years as dry as 1918, 1919, and 1920 we may anticipate a drop in well level in Honolulu that will involve a serious shortage unless additional steps are taken to reduce the draft or to develop new sources of supply. The division of hydrography is cooperating fully with the municipal authorities and with public spirited organizations in studying the problem. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1024 43 TOPOGRAPHY Cooperation with the United States Geological Survey during the fiscal year, included topographic surveys on the islands of Hawaii, Manui, and Lanai, the .island of Lanai being completely surveyed. Two hundred twenty-eight miles of primary levels were run and 695.5 square miles of topography were mapped. Primary levels were completed on the islands of Maui and Lanai. The appro priation of $50,000, contributed jointly by the Geological Survey and the Territory of Hawaii, was expended upon this work. Maps of the following 7½-minute quadrangles, scale 1 :31,680, have been completed, and photolithographic copies will be available for distribution about November 1, 1924: · Island of Hawaii: Puako 15-minute quadrangle, including Puu Hinai, Puu Anahulu, and Anaehoomalu. Island of Maui: Honokohau 15' quadrangle, including Honolua. Koolau 15' quadrangle, including Kailtia. Lahaina 15' quadrangle, including· Mala. Makena 15' quadrangle, including Keokea and Ulupalakua. Photolithographic copies of the island of Lanai are now available. In addition, copies of the following maps have been printed: Hawaii, 15' quadrangles: Honuapo, Pahala, Kalae. FARM LOAN BOARD The Farm Loan Board· of Hawaii, created under Act 225 of the legislature of 1919, and subsequently amended, consists of three members, with an executive secretary. The subagents of the de partment of public lands, the tax assessors and deputy tax assessors throughout the Territory are agents of the board, as provided by law.· The law specifies that the borrower must be a citizen of the United States and must have been a resident of the Territory of Hawaii for at least three years. No loan shall be made for less than $100 nor for more than $5,000 and the loan shall not exceed 60 per cent of the appraised value of the security offered. Simple interest is charged at the rate of 6 per cent per annum. The board has been in operation for five years, and as of June 30, 1924, had executed 417 loans, aggregating $659,769.90. The classification of loans to date, arranged by racial groups, is as follows: · Per cent Hawaiian ______. ______47 Portuguese ______26 Japanese ______11 Chinese______6 All others ______· ______10 Seventy-eight applications for loans came before the board during the fiscal year as compared with 80 applications during 1923. Forty seven new loans were granted, amounting to $74,630, and the sum of $75,885.47 was repaid, leaving $452,497.50 outstanding in the re volving fund, being about the same amount as of June 30, 1923. Forty-four mortgages were released during the year, the final pay ments having been made. The sum of $22,362.15 was paid on ·ac count of interest and $121 in application fees .. Expenses of the 44 ANNUAL RE.PORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 board were $9,104.18, showing a net gain to the Territory of $13,378.97. Outside of a few loans in the W aiakea and Kapaa homestead dis tricts, the interest and amortization payments are being met and the board is well secured in its loans. , This indicates a sound financial condition of the homesteaders and small farmers in Hawaii. SURVEY DEPARTMENT ISLAND OF HAWAII Field work.-The surveys of Kohala Mountain and Hamakua Pali Forest Reserves, commenced last period, were completed this year -and additional surveys in the W a1mea and Kawaihae regions of South Kohala have been completed and the mapping and com putations are well advanced. The survey of Manowaialee Forest Reserve, Hamakua, also -commenced last year, was finished. This reserve comprises 1,839 .acres of the government lands of Manowaialee and Niupea and 1,176 a_cres of the B. P. Bishop estate land of Kaiwiki . .A portion of the W aiakea Forest Reserve adjoining the W aiakea homesteads was re-marked, preparatory to fencing, and an area of 50 acres within the land of Honohlna, in the Hilo Forest Reserve, was selected for an experiment station for the forestry branch of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' .Association. The Waiakea house lots, second series, fronting along Kilauea Street (the Volcano Road) were surveyed; 32 lots, averaging half an acre,·were marked out, and sufficient land has been reserved for 111 additional lots which will be available when needed. In the rear of this subdivision 290 oores were subdivided into 11 lots for cane planting. . • .A detail survey was made of the Niupea-Kealakaha tract, Hamakua, -showing 450 acres of government cane land, besides 125 acre~ taken up in waste land, roads, and priv~te holdings. The portion of the land of Humuula below the forest reserve was -surveyed and classified, showing 764 acres of cane land, 107 acres of forest land, 294 acres of gulch and waste land, and 25 acres of privately owned land. · . Thirty-nine lots near the beach, just beyond the Hilo breakwater, were marked out into areas of about half an acre, and a survey w:as made of the various leaseholds along the coast in this vicinity, the beach reserve, and proposed road system for the locality. .A reconnaissance survey. was made in the company of the executive officer of the Hawaiian Homes Commission of the 4,000 acres- 2,000 acres to each tract-of Hawaiian homes lands in Waiakea, South Hilo, known as Keaukaha, and Panaewa. The .Ahupuaa of Paoo 1, North Kohala, privately owned, in the middle of a government tract, was surveyed and marked out, showing 200 acres. This work was done in cooperation with the owner, and the boundaries mutually agreed upon after careful study and research of many ancient records. Miscellaneous surveys, included reconnaissance of a proposed addition to the Hakalau School lot, the Kaumana and Ponahawai house lots, and a number of small lots in Kaumana and Piihomia, ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 45 also the Ahualoa leased lands. Surveys were made of the public park on Hualalai Street, Hilo, and the armory site and the addition to the animal quarantine station, both on Kilauea Street. ISLAND OF MOLOKAI Field worlc.-The only work done here was the subdivision of sixteen 40-acre lots in the Hawaiian homestead lands of Hoolehua and Palaau. The exterior boundaries of an addition to this tract were marked out for a future subdivision of 56 lots which can be easily marked on the ground when desired. ISLAND OF KAUAI Field worlc.-A selected parcel of the upper lands of Wahiawa was subdivided into 23 lots for summer recreation camps; six lots were surveyed at Anini beach, in Hanalei, and 11 lots were laid out at Anahola beach; another small subdivision of 12 lots at Wailua beach was made; 3 lots fronting on the government road near the Wailoa River .were marked out as an addition to the Wailua house lots. An addition to Kapaa town, containing 5.95 acres, was surveyed and marked out into 19 lots. Land in the lower part of Anahola, 11 acres not previously leased was divided into a number of lots for small planters. In this con nection, a relocation of the government road was made, and the lighthouse road right of way to the old Anahola landing was surveyed. A considerable number of miscellaneous surveys were made on Kauai. ISLAND OF OAHU Field worlc.-The proposed Kahuku Forest Reserve includes all the upper lands at the north end of the island. There are 5,950 acres of privately owned land intended to come under the control and superintendence of the bureau of forestry. The lower limits of this reserve require reforestation. The Kawailoa Forest Reserve includes the upper areas of the privately owned lands of Kawailoa and Paalaa in Waialua district, and Waimea in Koolauloa district, and comprises 18,575 acres. The Honouliuli Forest Reserve takes in the land of Honouliuli on the southeastern slopes of the Waianae range, and is in great need of reforestation. Area, 4,936 acres. Adjustments being contemplated along the lower line of the Ewa Forest Reserve, it was thought best to make a survey of the entire reserve, the present reserve having been created by description in general terms only. This .reserve extends the width of Ewa district along the Koolau range and includes a portion of Waianae uka (Schofield Barracks Military Reservation), and the government land of Wahiawa' and a small portion of Paalaa in Waialua district. There are 7,520 acres of government land, 20,150 acres of privately owned land, and 3,895 acres of United States military reservation. All of the above reserves have been surveyed, marked out, mapped and described. 11498-24t--4 46 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19-24 A complete revision of the. boundaries of the Honolulu Watershed Forest Reserve is proposed, and surveys to that end are well advanced. The Palolo, Manoa, Pauoa, and Kalihi drainage basins have been surveyed, the proposed addition from Kuliouou to Palolo has been marked out with monuments, the Tantalus-Makiki area is partially completed, and there remains only the Nuuanu drainage basin and the upper lands of Moanalua to be surveyed to complete the line extendmg across the· mountain lands of Honolulu district to connect up with the Ewa Forest Reserve. In Hauula a number of surveys were made. In Kaneohe surveys were made of several different proposed sites for the new Kaneolie School lot, and a description of survey ·was compiled of the lot selected. Tunnels, pipe lines, ditch lines, and waterheads in the land of Keaahala, Kaneohe, were surveyed and located. A number of other surveys were made at Kaneohe. In Waianae certain waterheads, tunnels, and title lines were surveyed, in connection with the matter of the water rights and water development in the Waianae Forest Reserve. Miscellaneous Oahu surveys. --Surveys were made of the Water town, Pearl Citv, Waipio, and Fern Middle Street School lots; also government remnant of Weloka at Pearl Harbor Peninsula; the pro posed public park in Pearl City; and boundaries were marked and cultivated areas located at the Waimano Home, all in Ewa district. Honolulu miscellaneous surveys.-On the south slopes of Punchbowl and the Kalawahine slopes quite a number of house lots were sur veyed and staked out for leasing and for sale. Additional surveys have been made at the Territorial fair grounds, for building sites, baseball fields, race tracks, and general location work. Land court surveys.--Surveys in connection with 38 applications to register title in the land court were examined by checking on the ground. Fifteen were found to contain errors; of these, five amended surveys were filed, and all but three of the others were corrected to conform to requirements. Of the 10 file plans examined under Act 68, Session Laws of 1915, five surveys were checked on the ground and corrections required to be made to the maps. Office w,orlc.-For the year 120 applications to the land court to register land titles, including qriginal surveys, subdivisions, and amended plans, were examined, and 114 were given favorable reports. Ten file plans were examined, approved, and returned to the bureau of conveyances. Blue print copies of all land court applications and file plan subdivisions examined during the year were furnished the county engineer of Honolulu and the tax office for official use. In accordance with Act 155, Session Laws of 1923, which extended the time allowed in Act 208, Session Laws of 1919, providing for the listing and surveying of all unsurveyed ahupuaas, ilis, and leles in the Territory, a comprehensive study of the records was commenced about the beginning of the fiscal year and continued for about six months. The original Mahele of 1848 was carefully studied and there were checked against this list all known official surveys of lands made since that date. Lands not found in that list were also reviewed and what is be lieved to be the most complete list of lands in the Territory, both surveyed and unsurveyed, has been prepared. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 47 Of the unsurveyed lands there were found to be 183 privately· owned, 45 whose titles are not entirely clear, and a great number of government lands, some 627, whose boundaries have not been· officially settled. The later number, while seemingly large, does not mean that so very much government land has remained unsurveyed, for large areas within these lands have been granted by the government, leaving remnants whose boundaries have not been officially adjudi cated. As many of these remnants are in upland tracts, it will only be necessary to establish the boundaries below the forest reserves which are rapidly being established. Mani of these lands will be included in the forest reserves, making individual boundary surveys unneces- sary in many instances. . The last legislature appropriated $40,000 under the heading of "Taxation maps, salaries and expenses," to be expended by the treasury department for the preparation of complete maps for the use of the various assessors throughout the Territory. At the request of the treasurer, the work for the divisions outside. of Oahu was inaugurated under the direction of the survey office, which in order to expedite the work loaned a portion of its staff and exercised. general supervision until the end of the fiscal year. The assessors of Kauai, Maui, and Hawaii Counties have been furnished with complete blue-print maps for their main offices, as well as for the offices of their deputies, 19 in number, of all government tracts, homestead and house lot subdivisions, with memoranda of areas, grants, leases, and original ownerships. Besides this, maps traced from numerous survey office records have been prepared, showing land boundaries, original titles, and other features of areas where there are no government lands, cover ing the greater· part of the above islands. In the short year of work the complete mapping of the islands has not been possible, but the ground work has been laid, and a nucleus of valuable maps made available to all the assessors and their deputies. AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION As repeatedly emphasized during the past years, the policy of this station, which is unde;r the United States Department of Agri cultu:r:e, is to foster in every way practicable the development of the minor agricultural industries to a point where it may be truly said that Hawaii is no longer economically dependent upon the success of any one or two crops. The work during the past year has been lar~ely devoted to a study of the various problems of production which affect the minor crops, with the idea that this information will be especially valuable as soon as a particular crop commences to assume an increased commercial importance. When this latter condition arises a number of practical problems automatically appear, such as those of marketing, competing with similar products produced perhaps more cheaply in other parts of the world, problems of transportation, financing, the question of adequate water supply, labor problems, and the obtaining of suitable land not too remote from shipping points. The adequate solution of these problems is greatly facilitated by an intelligent and sympathetic interest on the 48 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1()24 part of the entire community, including those primarily interested m the production, manufacture, and marketing of the major crops of the islands. It is comi~g to be recognized that the great. dive_rsit:y in_ racial types and mixtures calls for a corresponding diversity m Imes of available employment if Hawaii is to avoid the dfl,ngers of labor unrest. This makes it desirable to have other industries to furnish additional lines of activity for the rising generation, not all of whom are inclined to work on the sugar or pineapple plantations. . The outstanding project of the station of the greatest apparent potential importance is the edible canna starch industry. This starch promises to constitute an article which can be manufactured and readily exported to the mainland where tests have indicated that it can successfully compete with corn and potato starches. A special advantage enjoyed by this crop is that it grows successfully at altitudes too high for the successful production of sugar cane and in localities too wet for the best production of pineapples. Thus it will not compete with the two major crops for land especially adapted to their production, and at the same time will bring into use exten sive areas at present devoted primarily to grazing. The edible canna can be harvested during the offseason, as regards the pine apple and sugar cane seasons, so that it would appear that suitable adjustment of the labor supply can be made as occasion shall require. ' In time of any interruption of communication with the outside world, the tubers of edible canna could be used for human consumption, as they have practically the same food value as either sweet or Irish potatoes. · A substation is maintained on the slopes of Tantalus mountain at about 1,000 feet elevation for such crops as are not adapted to growth at the central station, where the altitude is less than 100 feet. The plantings are largely horticultural, inasmuch as intensive terracing is necessary on account of the slope of the available land. On the island of Maui a substation and demonstration farm is maintained on one of the Territorial homestead units on the slopes of the extinct volcano of Haleakala. Many varieties of diversified crops are produced under the management of a practical farmer. Numerous experimental plantings are made on small plots or in single rows and varieties showing the most promise are then grown on a. large scale. . The Glenwood demonstration farm on the island of Hawaii is being run as a dairy and poultry unit and is practically self-support ing. The experiment station furnishes general oversight. In cooperation with the Parker ranch the station assisted in the oversight of a tract of 10 acres which has been devoted to experi mental work in helping poultry producers to solve their numerous problems. The agronomy division has also had immediate charge of the Haleakala demonstration farm, which is proving an important agency on the island of Maui for bringing home to the local home steaders the possibilities as to the product10n of diversified crops. The chemical work of the station has been directed along the lines of solving problems arising in connection with the diversified indus tries on the islands; among them being the production of edible canna; determination of fertilizer and soil requirements for the most profitable production of bananas, and special investigations with ANXUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19'.!4 49 0 pineapples. A great deal of assistance has been rendered local manufacturers of jelly and other fruit products. This is regarded as an industry of considerable potential importance, since it is impossible on account of quarantine regulations to export any fresh fruit other than pineapples and bananas. The extension work of the station has been carried out on the island of Hawaii by Mr. R. A. Goff, extension agent for that island, who has assisted farmers in every way practicable, obtaining suitable improved seed for planting and giving advice as to proper fertilizers, method of tillage, and harvesting. Assistance has also been given in marketing agricultural products. In addition to the work with homesteaders, considerable attention has been given to instilling in the schools over 100 different varieties of forage crops. This work is financed by the Parker ranch. The work of the horticultural division has been directed mainly along four lines: Development of special varieties and cultural prac tices in fruit crops of the islands which are commercially important or which give promise of becoming so; extensive distribution of propagating material (40,000 plants or packages of seed) of improved varieties to cooperative growers and to private individuals; develop ment of improved methods of budding and grafting and otherwise propagating tropical fruit crors have been prosecuted; introduction of new species and varieties o fruit and nuts from different parts of the world for test to determine their adaptability to local conditions. The agronomy division worked mainly on the production of grasses and other forage crops for dairy animals, root crops for pigs and other classes of livestock, and green manures for use in connection with t11:e maintenance of soil fertility. Attention has also been given to the breeding of sweet potatoes and the establishment of new and improved varieties of peanuts and pigeon peas. The boys' and _girls' clubs organized on the islands of Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii by Miss Mabel Green, the boys' and girls' club leader of the extension division, have proven very popular and this project appears to have made for itself a real place in the program for the betterment of conditions throughout' the islands. A total of 582 boys and girls were enrolled during the year in the following kinds of clubs: clothing, corn, canning, cooking, garden, pig, poultry, and rabbit clubs. An important development of the boys' and girls' club idea has been the vacation club, which appeals especially to the boys and girls who do not have active employment elsewhere during the sum mer. With their interest properly aroused in the work great progress is shown along the lines featured by any particular club. A large tract of land for the vacation garden club has been made available on the Territorial fairgrounds and preparations are under way for a demornstration of the garden clubs in action at the forthcoming Ter ritorial fair, October 20-25, 1924. During the year there were issued Station Bulletin No. 49, The Acid Lime Fruit in Hawaii, by W. T. Pope, horticulturist, and Sta tion Bulletin No. 50, The Sweet Potato in Hawaii, by H. L. Chung, specialist in tropical agronomy. The following manuscripts were submitted for publication: Annual Report of the Hawaii Agricul tural Experiment Station for 1923; The Hawaiian Tree Fern as a Commercial Source of Starch, by J. C. Ripperton, chemist; Edible 50 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVER~OR OF HAWAII, 1924 Canna ( Oanna edulis), by H. L. Chung, specialist in tropical agron omy, and J. C. Ripperton, chemist; Hawaiian Vegetables and their Function in the Diet, by J. C. Ripperton, chemist, and Mrs. Nellie A... Russell, former collaborator in domestic science; and an index to publications of the Hawaii Experiment Station from January 1, 1911, to December 31, 1923. . AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY The work of this department is grouped under the four main divi sions of forestry, entomology, plant inspection, and animal industry. Forestry.-The protection of the watershed forests for the conser vation of the water supply has been continued as the main work of this division and has been supplemented by tree planting in places where needed. In order to keep stock out of the forest reserves on exposed boundaries 8.28 miles of new fences have been built and 10.64 miles of new fences have been repaired during the year. No new forest reserves were _proclaimed during the period, but a large amount of field examinat10n, marking of boundaries, and surveying of new forest reserve lines was undertaken especially on the island of Oahu, which will result soon in extending the general forest reserve system so as to embrace practically all true forest land, including that privately owned. Two parcels of land amounting to 31 acres were withdrawn from forest reserves in the W aianae district on Oahu so as to transfer title to the Federal Government to permit development for military purposes. This changed the total area of forest lands within the 49 reserves to 840,984 acres. Of this a:m.ount 579,905 acres, or 68 per cent, is land owned by the Territory. Owing to generally favorable weather conditions only four forest fires occurred during the period. The only one of serious proportions ·occurred after six weeks of extre:m.ely dry weather on the land of Kealakekua in Kona, Hawaii, and burned over about 12 square :miles of open forest land between the elevations of 5,600 and 7,200 feet on the slopes of Mauna Loa. By the courtesy of the United States Coast Guard Service the chief fire warden and a deputy were rushed on the cutter Mojave to N apoopoo and were thereby enabled to take control of operations and place 50 men on the fire Imes three days sooner than if they had had to await the regular passenger boat. The five main nurseries have continued to propagate and dis tribute trees for planting throughout the Territory and during the period the division of forestry planted out 48,837 trees of various species on 20 different sites within forest reserves on three of the main islands. One thousand chaulmoogra trees of the largest pro ducing fruit were secured fro:m. Washington, D. C., to add to the plan tation of 3,000 chaulmoogra trees already established and flourishing . at Waiahole, Oahu. On arbor day, which was celebrated before the winter rains, on November 23, 1923, a total of 22,303 trees were dis tributed for planting, which was almost twice the number distributed in_ 1922. Reports from tree planters show that during the calendar year 1923 there were planted 578,266 trees throughout the Territory. The assistant superintendent of forestry left in January to assume the position of superintendent of the Glacier National Park and he has been replaced by a forester who has had 13 years' experience in tropical forestry in the Philippines. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1004 51 Entomology.-The breeding and distribution of parasites and ·preda tory insects for the natural control of various insect pests has· con tinued to be the chief work of this division. Especial attention has been given to insects which will work on the pineapple mealybug. This has seemed particularly necessary on account of the growing importance of the canned pineapple industry. To further this work the entomologist has been in the Canal Zone since March collecting, breeding, and sending colonies of beneficial insects which will attack this pest. Plant inspection.-During the year this division gave attention to 816 vessels which brought fruit and vegetables to Honolulu, Hilo, and Kahului. Of these, 399 carried vegetable matter consisting of 477,131 packages of fruit and vegetables and 5,391 packages of plants and seeds. It was found necessary, in order to keep out insect pests, to fumigate 121 packages, to burn 1,215, and to return 332 packages. The inter-island inspection was continued and attention given to 58,110 packages of fruit{ plants, and vegetables carried on 695 depar tures of vessels. In add.ition to this, much laboratory work was done to identify, tabulate, and preserve specimens of pests and plant diseases intercepted during the inspect10n. Animal industry.-The work of controlling animal diseases in the Territory has continued and much attention has been given to hog cholera, blackleg, and hemorrhagic septicemia. Vaccination against these conditions has been carried out systematically and they are well in check. The testing of dairy cattle for tuberculosis has con tinued as funds have been available. During the period 179 animals reacted out of a total of 4,018 tested. This is an increase of 2.25 per cent in the number of reactors over the previous year and is due to the hiatus caused by lack of appropriations when testing had to be discontinued and the disease had a chance to develop. Since Febru ary the chief concern has been to prevent the entry offoot-and-mouth disease from California, and the embargo placed on the mo-vement of livestock and commodities liable to carry the disease has so far been successful in keeping this plague from our shores. The importations of livestock, previous to the above embargo, have included 119 cattle, 31 horses, 134 mules, 5,561 swine, 150 dogs, 26 cats, and 2,411 crates of poultry. A new animal quarantine station has been com pleted on Government land near the water front and this division is now in a much better position than ever before to handle imported stock. HAWAIIAN HOMES COMMISSION The Hawaiian Homes Commission, organized under the Hawaiian Homes Commission act, 1920, became operative September 16, 1921. In naming the pioneer Hawaiian community on the island of Molokai "Kalanianaole Settlement" the Hawaiian Homes Commis sion not only sought fo perpetuate among his people the name of Prince Jonah Kalanianaole, late Delegate to Congress, but to ac knowledge the realization by Kuhlo of the importance of founding this work on a careful and businesslike basis. Having made a study of land policies and having seen the perils of :past homestead ventures which failed because of the lottery system, inexperience in farming, lack of proper preparation in the matter of roads, water supply, and similar necessities, Prince Kuhio insisted that Hawaii go slowly with its rehabilitation project. 52 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR .OF HAWAII, 1924 Und·er the congressiqnal act of 1920, the Hawaiian Homes Com mission select the homesteaders, preparation of the tract before set tlers are established on their holdings is provided for, tracts are divided into units small enough to be maintained by a family, and financial assistance, expert advice and help in the development of transportation and marketing facilities are given. The success which is attending the operation of this system more than justifies the judgment of those who made the plans. The "homelands" given to the commission for settlement were second-class pastoral lands, worth, as such, in the year 1918, about $1 per acre. At that period they were being rented .at 5 cents an acre. Settlers began going onto the lands in July, 1922. Clearing the land was the roam problem. Where once stood an algaroba forest there are now healthy fields of alfalfa, producing about 10 crops a year. Each crop nets the farmer a ton of hay per acre-hay that is worth from $30 to $35 a ton baled. Ten crops a year are bringing the settlers a gross income of from $300 to $350 a year per acre-this from land that a few years ago was rented for 5 cents an acre and was valued at $1 an acre. Other crops, including potatoes, watermelons, corn, and tomatoes, which have already won a high reputation in island markets, are being produced. The homesteaders now have available the following assets: 184 acres of alfalfa lands, estimated at $680 an acre ______$125,120 26 town lots on the beach, allotted to fishermen, laborers, and others_ 26,000 376 acres of $100 fruit land ______37,600 1,800 acres community pasture, valued at $10 an acre ______18,000 Totll,l land valuation ______206,720 Besides this land value there are homes of settlers, an irrigation system, a 3,000,000-gallon spring of 53-grain salt content, fences, roads, growing cropt;, livestock, and poultry, valued at______225,000 Grand total ______431,720 There are now 37 families on the land. The total population of Kalanianaole settlement, including men, women, and children, is 278 persons. The law providing a revolving fund deserves consideration to adjust the funds available to the commission so that the develop ment may continue. This fund is made up of 30 per cent of the Territorial income from cane lands, water licenses, and 100 per cent from available lands, until such time as $1,000 000 has been paid in. The experimental period shows such favorable results that the limitations may well be raised. Nearly 200 applications have been received for lands in the pro posed homestead project in the Palaau and Hoolehua districts on Molokai. These applicants are splendid types of Hawaiians and part Hawaiians. Srx:teen 40-acre lots have been surveyed and sub divided and water is already on the land ready to be piped to the lots. The whole tract contains land for about eighty 40-acre lots suitable for pineapple culture or any other dry-land farming. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 53 Assets-Jiily 1, 1921-1924-Property and development outlay WATER DEVELOPMENT Irrigation system ______$38,830.07 Domestic water supply system, Wai- hanau Tunnel ______53,279.00 $92,109.07 PROPERTY Roads ______$15,000.00 Fences ______. ______- ______7,500.00 Land survey (expense of survey and boundary monuments) ______7,968.12 Buildings ______13,635. 00 Equipment ______·_____ ·______23, 451. 04 Demonstration farm livestock ______8,870.00 Of7ice equipment ______2,432.50 Gasoline and oils ______581. 11 $79,437.77 Contract for loan homestead lots ______64,000.00 Contract for loan house lots ______14,000. 00 78,000.00 ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Homesteader's overdraft______$1,252.10 Allen & Robinson (special)_~ ______63. 79 D. N. Pahupu-personaL ______193. 04 $1,508.93 Balance with treasurer of Terri- tory ______38,424.43 Balance in appropriation fund, water and road de- velopment, Hawaiian homes lands (bonds) ______27,863.64 $317, 343. 84 'Balance operating expense June 30, 1924---~------65, 185. 73 Interest on $75,000 paid Apr. 1, 1924______1,687. 50 Balance demonstration farm labor and supplies ___ _ 17,949. 24 84,822.47 402, 166. 31 LIABILITIES Hawaiian homes loan fund-receipts, water licenses, and cane land rentals_$305, 061. 67 Available land rentals______49,852.70 Interest on bank deposits______1,461.33 Income account-farm products______2,644.69 $359,020.39 Homesteaders' credit under contract for loan ______11,158.01 Accounts payable to firms ______3,718.77 Interest payment on principal and rent from home- steaders ______·- 178. 50 Replacement account-charges for use of Best tractor ______227. 00 Water and road development; general account-net balance all contracts charged (bond) ______9, 381. 96 Credit balance----D. N. Pahupu, contract ______18, 481. 68 $402,166.31 54 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Operating expenses, July 1, 1921, to June 30, 1924 Salaries, officers and employees______$36, 065. 86 Salary, superintendent------10,404.83 $46,470.69 Transportation and hotel expenses ______-~ ______2, 681. 99 Office and general expenses ______4,604.52 Land survey ______6, 159. 94 Maintenance, pipe line______c______15. 50 Maintenance, roads______308. 75 Maintenance, reservoir and tanks______5. 50 Maintenance, work animals______1,331.04 Maintenance, materials and supplies______2, 137. 9~ 3,798. 77 Materials and supplies ______16,044. 07 Hauling and freightage ______6,552.80 Miscellaneous operation expenses ______.,______6,781.21 Medical services ______152. 90 0 6,934.11 Gasoline and oils______~ ______6,109. 72 -Cultivation ______. ____ _ 2, 178. 42 Water distribution______18. 13 Irrigation ditch ______~-______224. 50 Do______1. 50 244. 13 Land clearing ______242.00 Preparing and ditching-: ______22. 50 Labor ______----- _ 264. 50 4,363.48 Fence boundaries ______8. 13 106,415.27 Less credits: Land survey______6,159.94 Buildings ______Fences______3,472.67 5,268.30 Irrigation ______3,362.40 Domestic water supply development______Roads ______18,211.01 3,847.74 Office fixtures ______907.48 41,229.54 65,185.73 A new account has been opened under the heading "Operating investment," which is made up of balances from the following accounts: Operating expenses ______$65, 185. 73 Interest on bond______1, 687. 50 Demonstration farm______17, 949. 24 84,822.47 Water and road development Credit balance Proceeds of bonds ______$75, 000. 00 Less loss on sale of bonds______317. 25 ----- $74,682.75 DISBURSEMENTS Debit balance Kahului Railroad contract, in full ______$18, 974. 00. Daniel N. Pahupu, account tunrieL ______$2, 484. 52 Do______966.60 12,186.32 DanielE~======N. Pahupu, account pipe ______i:!!t!g Do ______1,040.00 2,192.00 3,232.00 T. H. Davies & Co .. tractor ______6,735.00 American-Hawn. Motor Co., Dodge ca,r ______1,·240. 00 ANNUAL BEPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 55 Advertising-bids: Debit balance Credit balance Pipe and tunnel______} $253. 78 Pipe and tanks ______Materials______537. 98 Freight charges______257. 53 Salary of engineer______2, 300. 00 Wages of inspector______·______310. 00 Wages engineer's men ___ ------792. 50 ~---- $46,819.11 June 30, 1924, balance______27,863.64 Hawaiian home.s loan fund Receipts: From July 1, 1921 to Dec. 31, 1922 ______$137, 373. 32 From Jan. 1, 1923 to Dec. 31, 1923 ______119,523.52 From Jan. 1, 1924 to June 30, 1924______102,123.55 Total income to and including June 30, 1924 ______$359, 020. 39 Source of receipts: Water licenses and cane lands ______305, 061. 67 Available lands______49, 852. 70 Bank interest______1, 461. 33 Income account______2,644.69 TotaL ____ .______359, 020. 39 PUBLIC WORKS The department is engaged chiefly in the following work: 1. The erection, repair, and maintenance of public buildings. 2. The reclamation of insanitary and waste lands. 3. The construction of piers, wharves, and landings and acquisition of wharf sites, and in the necessary dredging for the same in coopera t~on with and under the jurisdiction of the board of harbor commis s10ners. The department also cooperates through its superintendent with the loan fund commissions of the various islands, and most of the loan-fund moneys expended by the several city and county govern ments require the approval of the superintendent as to plans and specifications for such work. · While this department has many important projects under way, those of which special mention should be made are the Waikiki reclamation project, the Territorial office building, which it is hoped will be started the latter part of this year, the W aimea River embank ment, and the volcano road. Special attention is also invited to the large amount of work under taken during this period by this department in conjunction with the board of harbor commissioners for projects already under contract and not completed, to be contracted for and to be performed by day labor funds already available, and which are summarized as follows: Loan funds ______· ______$2, 460, 000. 00 Current funds_! ______411,500. 00 Sanitation funds ______169,630.00 Sale, Government lands, Hawaii______------20,000.00 Sale, Government lands, Kauai______50,000.00 TotaL______3, 111, 130. 00 The above amounts do not include any loan funds appropriated by the 1923 legislature for which bonds have not been sold, or loan funds spent by the various. counties. 56 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19"24 ISLAND OF OAHU Maintenance.-The maintenance and repair of the several Terri torial buildings has been along the usual lines, such as repairs to woodwork, plumbing, and repainting. Waimano Home.-Plans and specifications were prepared and a contract awarded for the construction of several new buildings and other structures, for the sum of $39,327. The work will be completed within two or three months. Old post office building.-The work of remodeling this building o·n the corner of Bethel and Merchant Streets, Honolulu, was completed during this period. New buildings, Uni1,,ersity of Hawaii.-With the completion of plans for a two-story and basement reinforced-concrete building 67 by 147 feet, tenders were called for and contract awarded, the amount available being $180,000. Construction and supervision is being carried on by the board of regents of the university. · Gasoline and oil-tank installation.-Permits were issued for one kerosene, 30 gasoline, and 15 fuel-oil installations. Each installation is made according to the rules and regulations of the department of public works and is inspected by the department inspector. Waikiki Improvement Oommission.-Several meetings were held for the purpose of discussing street layouts and grades and final plans for the location,· widths, grades, and pavements have been adopted for those portions of the new filled area ewa of McCully Street and that between the Canal and Kalakaua A venue. Irrigation system, capitol grounds.-The contract awarded last period for installing additional piping and sprinklers for irrigation purposes on the capitol grounds was completed during this period and has _proven most satisfactory. Waikiki reclamation project.-The details outlining this important project have been covered in previous reports. The canal has been excavated its entire length ending at Kapahulu Road. At some later date, when funds are made available, 1t is planned to construct an intake, with suitable tide and flood gates, along Makee Island; connecting the canal with the sea. With the construction of a drain leading into the canal to interce t the drainage from the Diamond Head district, all flood waters wil1 be taken care of, thereby obviatin& :flooding of any of this district in the future. Now that the canal has been 1,3xcavated its entire length, the material for filling additional lands will be obtained by widening the canal not to exceed 100 feet, as provided in Act 248, Session Laws of 1923. During this period all the lowlands at the Waikiki end of the canal and the boulevard have been filled. At present, the Outrigger Stream, seaward from Kalakaua Avenue, is being filled. This will be completed some time in September, leaving only the Magoon property on Kalakaua Avenue to be filled. Notices have been sent out to -all property owners in this district in reference to the construction of the per manent side walls, as provided in Act 220, Session Laws of 1921. Numerous appeals have been taken against the construction of these side walls, and, as soon as possible, will be referred to the circuit court for a hearing. It is hoped that a decision will be reached before the end of the year. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, W24 57 Kapalama reclamation project.-During this period the board of health condemned as insanitary and ordered filled a tract of land comprising 57.918 acres in Kapalama district, Honolulu, between Kin()' Street and the main line of the Oahu Railway & Land Co.'s tracks. The balance of the sanitation fund being insufficient to perform a.U of this work, certain of the owners entered into a contrroct to have their lands filled. Territorial land comprising approximately 11 acres was filled from dredging the slip in the harbor between Piers 16 and 17, and the filling of the balance comprising 11.028 acres was taken care of by a contract between the Public Works Depart ment and the Hawaiian Dredging Co., payments for same to be made from the sanitation fund. The work will be completed the latter part of this year. This district is being gradually converted into an industrial center of considerable magnitude and these filling oper ations have changed practically worthless swamp lands into property selling as high as $30,000 per acre. Waikiki war: memorial.-Plans and specifications were completed and bids called for the construction of this memorial, the details of which were furnished in the last annual report. No bids were received in answer to the call for tenders, as the estimated cost of the complete memorial was far in excess of the available appropriation of $250,000. As the plans and specifications for this worl< were prepared by the architect who won the competition, and as Act 15, as rassed by the 1921 legislature, has been complied with in every detai, nothing can be done until further action is authorized by the legislature, which meets' in 1925. Territorial office building.-The 1923' legislature appropriated $250,000 for the construction of a Territorial office building. As this amount is only sufficient to construct the first unit of such a building, which, when completed, will be capable of housing all of the Terri torial departments, it has been an interesting study in planning a satisfactory building that will be complete, when finished, in case no further appropriations are made, and one that can also be satisfac torily added to, if additional funds are made available at a later date. The building, as designed at present, will be one-story, 105 by 186 feet, and will have a basement under the entire building constructed throughout of reinforced concrete. The foundations will be of suffi cient strength that five additional stories, in the center of the building in the form of a tower, 74 feet 4 inches by 90 feet, can be constructed later. Bids will be called for in a few weeks. New fireproof vault, Kapuaiwa Building.-Contract was awarded for $13,244.08, for the construction of a fireproof vault, 14 by 38 feet, for the Kapuaiwa Building. The vault is.two stories in height, con structed throughout of reinforced concrete and lined with terra-cotta hollow tile. The first floor is used for filing the records of the bureau of vital statistics of the board of health, and the second floor is used by the survey department for filing records and plans. This vault houses records of inestimable value, which were previously kept un protected from fire. New buildings for hospital for the insane.-Plans and specifications are being pre:pared for the new hospital for the insane to be erected on the new site at Kaneohe, Oahu, recently returned by the War Department to the Territory. A complete layout of the institution has been made and the building plans are being developed. 58 , ANNUAL REPORT OF .GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 · The following building plans are now being prepared to take care of and replace the present institution: One two-story frame rooming house; 5 one-story frame apartment houses; 1 superintendent's house; 1 assistant's house; 1 treatment and.receiving building; 1 two-story frame administration building; 4 wards; 1 dining room and kitchen; 1 male violent ward; 1 female violent ward; 1 cook's quarters; 1 workshop; 1 power house; 1 laundry; 1 storehouse and 1 garage. . The estimated cost of these buildings is approximately $580,100. This does not include the cost of complete water and sewer systems or the construction of roads, all of which will be necessary. It will require approximately $680,000 to construct this institution as planned. The 1923 legislature appropriated $300,000. A large part of the road, wall, and ~rading work can be performed by the inmates. New animal q_uarantine station.-Contract was awarded for the sum of $19,532.73 for the construction of a new animal quarantine station for the Bureau of Agriculture and Forestry. All of the old station that was salvageable was removed from the old site on Ala Moana Road to a new 5-acre tract on the Kewalo fill. The new site is directly on the-beach, easily accessible, with ample room for the present needs, and with an opportunity to expand, if necessary. The station is sur rounded by a closely woven wire fence, supported on heavy concrete posts. . Repairs and additions, supreme court.-The art glass ceiling light in the supreme court was replaced with an ornamental perforated P.laster ceiling connected to a blower system located on the roof. The glass ceiling, with no ventilation: made it unbearable to work in the court room during the middle of the day. which condition has been entirely overcome by the installation of the new ceiling, while the blower system maintains a circulation of fresh air. Juvenile court, Judiciary Building.-Contract was awarded in the· sum of $1,990 for remodeling the old tax office in the Judiciary Building into a new domestic relations court room, with a storeroom for circuit-court records. This work is now complete. Detention cottage, Girls' Industrial School.-Contract was awarded in the sum of $1,485 for the construction of a detention cottage for the Girls' Industrial School. The cottage is 13 feet by 24 feet 4 inches, of frame construction. Furnishings for Territorial b·uildings.-During this period furnish ings, consisting principally ·of steel filing cases, etc., were purchased at a total cost of $2,264.77. Water supply, Lualualei homesteads.-Plans are now being made by this department to provide a water supply for the Lualualei home steads, in accordance with the provisions of Act 186, Session Laws of' 1923. An aO"reement has been practically arranged between the Territory and the Waianae plantation for furnishing 112,000 gallons of water for domestic purposes. This water now passes over govern ment-owned land and through the plantation's hydroelectric plant. Surveys are being made for the development of additional water for irrigation purposes. . Tests of crude oil and kerosene.-This department makes fl.ash tests of all crude oil and kerosene shipped into the Territory. During the· period 164 cargoes were tested. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAW.A.II; 1924 59 Loan.funds expended by the various counties.-A large number of the county items in the loan bill passed by the legislature provide that no moneys shall be expended until the methods, materials, plans, and specifications have been passed upon and approved by the superin tendent of public works, who is also required to inspect the locaJity of the proposed work and familiarize himself with local conditions. This makes a large amount of detail work for the department in check ing up the original design, and of the plans and specification as sub mitted for the approval by the several counties for loan-fund projects. The following plans and specifications, as prepared by the various counties and as required by section 4, Act 214, Session Laws of 1923, have been checked and approved by this department: County of Oahu: Waianae Road ______$220,000.00 County of. Hawaii: Belt road, Honokaa toward Waimea ______100,000.00 Road, North Kohala, from Mahukona toward Puuhue ______50,000. 00 Belt road, North Kona ______50,000.00 Belt road, Kau ______60,000.00 Waiolama flood protection ______75,000.00 Concrete bridges and approaches (Waipahoehoe Gulch, South Hilo; Kukaiau; Hamakua) ______20,000.00 County of Maui: Belt road, Kailua toward Kopiliula ______155,000.00 Waterworks, Hana ______~ ______75,000.00 County of Kauai: \Vaterworks~ Kalaheo ______30,000.00 HanaleL ______--_ ------5,000. 00 Koloa ______20,000.00 Kekaha ______- _·_ ------10,000.00 ISLAND OF HAWAII Armories.-Repairs were made to the roof of the Hilo Armory, as well as other minor repairs, amounting to $469.15. The garage begun last period was completed at a cost of $1,306.89. Contract was awarded for the construction of an addition to the Kohala Armory amounting to $2,950. This addition is of frame construction with a corrugated-iron roof and concrete vault. Plans and specifications are being prepared for an addition to the Honomu Armory, and it is hoped to let a contract in the near future. Board of health building.-Repairs and additions were made to the building amounting to $885.25, consisting principally of a cement floor in the basement, leveling some partitions that had settled, and repainting. Addition to vault in land office.-~l\n addition was made to the vault in the land office, as well as repainting, at a cost of $538.86. Tax office.-Minor repairs and painting were made to this building, at a cost of $422.54. Volcano ro~d.-The contract awarded during the last period for the construction of the continuation of the volcano conorete road toward the volcano was completed during this period at a total cost of $207,463.81. The road now extends approximately 17 miles from Hilo. Plans and specifications are nearly finished for the next section of this road toward the volcano. The next section will be constructed of asphalt concrete, and it is hoped the appropriation of $250,000, . now available, will carry it 8 miles farther. Contract was awarded 60 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 for the sum of $71,946 for the continuation of the volcano road from the 4-mile bridge toward Hilo, one-half of which was paid by the Territory and the other half by the county of Hawaii. This contract has been completed and makes another excellent addition to this road. ISLAND OF MAUI No work was performed by the department on any Territorial buildings on Maui during this fiscal year. ISLAND OF KAUAI Waimea River embankment.-As no bids were received from the call for tenders for this work, the department of public works p.roceeded to perform the same by day labor, as provided in Act 44, Session Laws of 1923. The work is practically completed from the upper end down to the old embankment, at a total cost to date of $46,787.43. The embankment is 2,555 feet long and averages about 15 feet high, has a concrete footing, and is faced up with rubble rock set in cement mortar. Two roadways are provided from the river bed to the top for the passage of vehicles from one side of the river to the other. Since its completion there has been one heavy flood, which the em bankment withstood without any damage to itself or the surrounding area. BOARD OF HARBOR COMMISSIONERS Receipts for the year amounted to ·$327,154.77, as against $287,563.75 for last year, or an increase of $39,591.02. The major proportion of this increased revenue of $33,494.40 applies to the port of Honolulu, and is principally derived from wharfage, tolls, oil pipe line, and rentals. Tolls on freight passing over Territorial-owned wharves.-The collec tion of tofls on all freight passing over Territorial-owned wharves authorized by congres.sional act approved July 9, 1921, has pro gressed very satisfactorily, and with the excellent cooperation of the steamship companies no difficulties have been encountered. Collec tions have been made at no additional expense to the Territory. Tolls collected since the law went into effect have been as follows: 1922 (Mar. I-June 30) ______$19, 021. 14 1923 ______84,349.28 1924 ______102,664.06 Total______206,034.48 ISLAND OF OAHU Pier No. 2.-Contract was awarded for the sum of $28,491.29, in including extras for constructing a concrete slab 53 feet wide and 828.5 feet long in the rear of Pier 2 adjoining the present deck, to gether with the foundations for the center line of columns for a future shed. This work was completed in 82 days. Additional plans and specifications were prepared and a contract awarded for the sum of $27,648 for continuing this slab 80 feet wide and 825 feet long, includ- . ing four ramps from the edge of the slab to the street curb. To avoid ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1024 61 cutting through the slab in the future, all water, sewer, and drain pipes were installed. This second contract will be completed in the course of two months, when the wharf will be used almost exclusively for the handling of lumber cargoes. New oil pipe line.-Contract was awarded for the sum of $30,872 for the installation of a 10-inch oil pipe line starting at the east corner of the United States Shipping Board lot on prison road and running as far as Pier 14. The various oil comfanies have agreed to connect to this new line. It is the intention o the commissioners to extend this line when funds are available as far as Pier 6. With its comple tion the fueling of ships will be greatly facilitated, as it is now possible to only fuel one ship at a time over the 10-inch oil line already installed. Superstructure, Piers 8, ,9, and 10.-The contract described in the 1923 report for the completion of the sheds on Piers 8, 9, and 10 is now approximately half completed, and should be finished in about five months. . Kewalo Basin.-Call will soon be issued for the construction of a wharf in this basin. The plans call for a reenforced-concrete wharf 25 feet wide and approximately 500 feet long.· A larger basin will be dredged and the material used for filling the ·area in the rear of the bulkhead. It is the plan of the commissioners to make Kewalo Basin the harbor for the fishing fleet and for pleasure boats. Dredging Honolulu Harbor.-A contract was awarded for the sum of $40,000 for dredging the Territory's half of the slip between Piers 16 and 17, the Oahu Railway & Land Co. agreeing to dredge their portion at the same time. The dredged material will be dumped onto land owned by the Territory at Kapalama comprising approxi mately 11 acres. It is roughly estimated that the land so reclaimed · will have a value of approximately $250,000. Pier No. 11.-Tenders will soon be requested for dredging the slip adjacent to the site to be occupied by Pier 11. These plans call for the removal of approximately 37,000 cubic yards of material, a por tion of which is to be used for filling the low places on Pier 11 site and the balance to be disposed of by the contractor; the old ware house now occupied by Allen & Robinson is to be demolished, and the 10-inch oil pipe line removed to a new location. Plans and speci fications are beir;g prepared for the construction of Pier-11. The new structure will be a continuation of Pier 10, and will be of reenforced concrete throughout. The two piers will give the harbor a berthing space 1,000 feet in length. ~ Oil pipe line extension.-The contract for connecting the 6-inch fuel-oil hne located on Pier 14 with Piers 12 and 13 was completed during the period. · Maintenance and repair.-The usual repair work has been done to . the various piers in Honolulu Harbor as it became necessary, and consisted principally of replacing wooden piles with concrete, re pairing fenders, deck timber and planking, repainting metal work, and repairing leaky roofs and leaky joints in the oil pipe line. The amount spent on each pier was as follows: Pier 2, $236.94; Pier 6, S.5,735.93; Pier 7, $1,432.45; Piers 8, 9, and 10, $2,563.92; Pier 12, $2,285.98; Pier 13, $2,863.39; Pier 14, $2,317.31: Pier 1.5, $368.75, .nnd Pier 16, $3,81.5.63. 114flS-24t--f> 62 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR. OF HAWAII, 1024 Pier No. 7.-Work was satisfactorily completed for the sum of $5,000 in repairing the concrete section of Pier 7 which was run into by the Japanese naval tanker Shiria. Piers 13 and 14.-A contract was awarded for the sum of $18,021.40 for extending the shed on Pier 13 and walling in the shed on Pier 14. These improvements were made to enable the Inter-Island Steam Navigation Co. to receive and care for freight on days before the sailing of their vessels. This work has been completed. · · Visit of British special service squadron.-The British special service squadron visited Honolulu in June of this year. This squadron consisted of seven vessels and an oil tanker, all of which were berthed in Honolulu Harbor and supplied with fuel oil through the Terri torial pipe line without having to move. In the squadron were two of the largest warships in the world, the Hood, 860 feet long and the Repulse, 790 feet long. Both were brought into Honolulu Harbor, turned around, and berthed without accident. The remaining vessels were much smaller in size. The fact that these vessels were all berthed at a wharf and supplied with fuel oil without moving brought forth high praise from the British admiral in command, and shows the splendid harbor facilities that the Territory is developing. ISLAND OF _;1.L,\.UI ~Mala Wharf-A contract was awarded for the sum of $1,875 for a 25-foot extension to the shed on Mala Wharf. This work has been completed. New concrete wharf, Kahului.-Construction of this wharf was completed during this period. This is regarded by experts as .one of the finest wharves in the Territory. A contract has been awarded for the sum of $86,495 for the construction of a conveyor system on this wharf. This system calfs fC?r longitudinal and cross conveyors overhead, fed by two long1tudmal floor conveyors. An asphalt macadam approach from the main government road to the new wharf has been completed under contract·for $18,380. Maintenance and repair.-The usual maintenance and repair work has been done on the various wharves and landings on Maui, Molokai, and Lanai, and the following amounts were expended: 1'1ala,. $5,232; Kihei, $60; Keanae, $190.95; Hana, $138.75; Ka,malo, $6,385.47; Pukoo, $644.51; and Kahului, $780, making a total of $13,431.68. ISLAN"D OF MOLOKAI Kamalo village.-Due to the steady increase in the pineapple business on the eastern end of this island, it was found necessary to enlar~e the Kamalo Wharf. An addition of 50 feet was constructed at a cost of $6,295.47: Kaunakakai:-Plans and specifications are being prepared for the construction of a new wharf at Kaunakakai, and tenders will be called for in the course of two months. The plans call for replacing the present wooden wharf with a concrete structure beginning at the end of the rock-fill approach. It is also planned to cut several openings through the now solid rock-filled approach so as to permit the current to :flow through and not around the end of this approach. It is hoped this will prevent silt depositing in the slip at the wharf site. 'l'he ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 63 need for this new wharf is now very apparent, due to the steady growth of the pineapple business and the Hawaiian rehabilitation project. . Kaumanamana.-The commissic;mers have granted Libby, McNeil & Libby a license to construct a wharf and perform the necessary dredging at Kaumanamana, or Kolo Molokai, as it is sometimes called. This project is being undertaken to handle the large pine apple crop_ now under cultivation on the northwestern end of the island. While this is a private wharf, the license provides that the Territory may take it over at cost less depreciation upon giving proper notice to the owners. ISLAND OF LANAI The board of harbor commissioners has granted a license to the Hawaiian Pineapple Co. for permission to construct a harbor at Kaumalapau. This project includes dredging and the construction of a wharf and breakwater. The license provides that the entire :project may be taken over by the Territory at anY. time at cost less depreciation by giving proper n.otice to the Hawaiian Pineapple Co. , . ISLAND OF HAWAU New concrete wharf.-The contract for the new concrete wharf and dredging which was fully described in a previous report was finished during this period, and is now being regularly used by shipping. The addition of this wharf fills a much needed want and greatly facilitates the handling of the shipping at this :port. . E'xtension of shed, Kuhio Wharf, Pier 1.-This work was completed during this period and adds much needed space for the storage of sugar and general cargoes. Construction of concrete section to Pier 1, described in the 1923 report, was completed during the period. Contract was awarded for $296,300 for reconstructing in concrete the old wooden pile-supported :portion of Pier 1. Maintenance and repair.-The followmg amounts were expended on wharf maintenance and repair: Mahukona, $269.49; Kawaihae, $205.12; Keauhou, $212.66; Kailua, $321.95; Napoopoo, $317.88; Hookena, $311.65; Hoopuloa, $386.94; Honuapo, $373.48; Kuhio, $9,039.76; Pier 2, $144.66; and landings and wharves, general, $607.53, making a total of $12,191.12. ISLAND OF KAUAI The usual maintenance and repair work was carried on during this period on the various landings on Kauai and the following amounts were expended: Nawiliwili, $120; Hanalei, $143.65; Waimea, $300.32; total expended, $563.97. Nawiliwili.-The board of harbor commissioners has made. pre liminary studies for the development of this harbor in connection with the work now being carried on by the United States Engineers, but no actual construction work has been performed. 64 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 FISH AND GAME COMMISSION . The activities of the fish and game commission have continued along lines previously followed. Because of the small appropriation made by the last legislature it has _been necessary to curtail rather than expand the .work. . Trout have been planted in new streams, and crayfish from Oregon have been introduced into the fresh waters of the Territory. It is too soon to be sure of the success of their introduction. Through the cooperation of interested oyster growers on the eastern coast of the United States, several shipments of seed oysters from various localities have been received and planted out. The hatching of pheasants has continued with marked success. New pens are being constructed with funds from the hunting licenses and larger numbers of birds can be reared next year. PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION Jf.eetings .-The commission has held 42 regular meetings, 22 special meetings, 14 hearings, and 29 informal investigations; 8 adjourn- ments were taken for lack of a quorum. . Investigations offatal accidents.-As required by section 2227 of the Revised Laws of Hawaii, 1915, all accidents resulting in loss of life were investigated. These numbered 16. Eight were with the Honolulu Rapid Transit Co., 3 with the Hawaii Consolidated Rail way, 2 with the Oahu Railway & Land Co., and 1 each with the Inter Island Steam Navigation Co., the Hawaii Telephone Co., and the Hawaiian Electric Co. · Oompla.ints and petitions .-Two informal complaints and 11 petitions were presented to the commission. Decisions.--Two decisions were rendered. The first, relating to an application of the Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. (Ltd.) for the installation of a bus service oil' Houghtailing Road, School Street, Honolulu, is covered in Order 83 of the commission. The second, relating to the application of the same company for permission temporarily to increase its rates, is printed in full in Publication No. 48 of the commission. Orders.-The following orders were prescribed: Order No. 80, dated July 5, 1923, authorizing and directing the Waiakea Improvement Co. (Ltd.), Hilo, to place in effect certain tolls for all sugar, freight, or other merchandise and for all craft passing through its locks. Order No. 81, dated July 26, 1923, authorizing and directing the Honolulu Gas Co. (Ltd.), to place in effect as from July 1, 1923, a ,~ertain schedule of rates and charges for supplying gas to consumers. • Order No. 82, dated August 14, 1923, authorizing and directing the Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. (Ltd.), to install, maintain, conduct, and operate, until further order of the commission, a bus system of certain capacity on definite schedule and for cash fares. Order No. 83, dated June·23, 1924, allowing the Honolulu Gas Co. to make temporary change in its rate schedule pending determination of amended petition. Freight tarfffs and classifi.cations.-The following freight tariffs and classifications were filed: Oahu Railway & Land Co. Filed July 6, 1923. Supplement No. ,5 to local freight tariff and classification No. 3, naming class and commodity rates for transportation of freight between all points in Hawaii on line of Oahu Railway & Land Co. Issued July 3, 1923. Effective August 27, 1923. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 65 Inter-Island Steam Navigation Co. (Ltd.). Filed November 21, 1923. Sup plement No. 2 to freight tariff S. B. No. 6, naming class and commodity rates between Honolulu, Oahu, and Kaumalapua and Manele, Lanai. Issued Sep tember 24, 1923. Effective November 1, 1923. Kahului Railroad Co. Filed December 1, 1923. Supplement No. 2 to local . freight tariff and classification I. C. C. No. 15, naming class and commodity rates between all stations on line of Kahului Railroad Co., Maui. Issued November 1, 1923. Effective December 1, 1923 (except as noted as individual items). Inter-Island Steam Navigation Co. (Ltd.). Filed January 3, 1924. Sup plement No. 3 to freight tariff S. B. No. 6 (canceling Supplement No. 1), naming class and commodity rates between Honolulu and Ahukini, Kauai. Issued De cember 18, 1923. Effective January 7, 1924. Uniform system of accounts.-On April 24, 1924, the commission adopted a classification of accounts for the accounting department of the Honolulu Gas Co. (Ltd.), to become effective as soon as same can be installed by said company. Honolul·u Rapi'.d Transit Co. (I,,td.) .-On August 2, 1923, the com mission approved amended Rules and Regulations for the General Guidance of Conductors and Motormen, providing against peddlers and solicitors of any kind plying their vocation on the cars, prohibit ing the boarding and riding on cars for the purpose of selling news papers or periodicals to anyone excepting ''authorized" newsboys, and specifying the conditions under which "authorized" newsboys will be allowed to sell newspapers or periodicals on the cars. The commission also approved a regulation of the company whereby, beginning September 4, 1923, cars were to be equipped with drop bars and operated at all times with the left-hand bar in lo.wer position. By this regulation passengers are prohibited from entering or leaving the cars on the left-hand side and from standing on the left-hand running board while cars are in operation. On September 21, 1923, the Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. (Ltd.) filed a petition requesting the commission's approval of additions, extensions, and improvements, amounting to $285,000, chargeable to capital funds; construction program extending to December 31, 1924. Under this petition the commission has to date authorized capital expenditures amounting to $91,603.21. The commission also author rized capital expenditures, not included in this petition, amounting to $26,400. On March 26, 1924, the company filed a petition requesting ap proval of an increase in its fares over the present rate of 5 cents for adult8 and 2½ cents for children of school age going to and from school. The proposed rates and charges are as follows: For a full fare, one token or ticket of the value of 6),-,( cents, or a cash fare of 7 cents; a special rate of fare for children of one token or ticket of the value of 3 ½ cents, under such regulations as the com mission shall from time to time make in regard to special fa.res for children. Several public hearings were held under the said petition, and on April 24, 1924, the commission arranged for the services of :Mr. Richard Sachse, consulting engineer (former chief engineer of the California Railroad Commission), and of Mr. R. C. Ashworth, his assistant (former assistant engineer of said California Railroad Com mission), to come from Los Angeles to Honolulu and make a physical valuation of the property of the company. It will require approxi mately three months time in which to complete this work, at which 66 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19"24 time public hearings in this matter will be resumed and the decision of the commission rendered with as little delay as possible. On May 29, 1924, the company filed a petition for an order allow ing a temporary increase in raves of fare in accordance with the fore going schedule. J.'his petition was denied. Auditinq.-Investigations of the accounting methods and financial . records of the following companies were made in connection with matters pending before the commission: Hilo Electric Light Co. (Ltd.), Hilo Gas Co. (Ltd.), Kohala Ditch Co. (Ltd.), Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. (Ltd.), Hawaiian Electric Co. (Ltd.), Oahu Rail way & Land Co., Kahului Railway Co .., and the Honolulu Gas Co. (Ltd.). · In addition, financial reports from all of the utility companies were collected, tabulated, and filed. P11blicat:ions.-The following is a list of publications issued during the year: . No. 48. Decision No. 19. In the matter of the application of the Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. (Ltd.) for the installation of a bus service. No. 49. Eleventh Annual Report of the Public Utilities Commission of the Territory of Hawaii for the year ending December 31, 1923. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT BOARDS Claims and hearings.-Two hundred and eight claims were pre sented to the Honolulu board for hearing during the year. These claims involved 312 separate hearings, a number of cases coming before the board for several hearings. In connection with cases continued or reopened for review from the preceding year, 31 addi- tional hearings were held. · . Appeals.-Six appeals from rulings by the board wore made by employers or insurance carriers. .Three of these appeals relate to one case and may be withdrawn. One appeal by the claimant and two by the insurance carriers are now pending in the circuit court. Accidents.-The number of accidents for the 12 months covered by this report aggregate 3,614, including 29 fatal accidents. Number of compensable cases, 3,614. Of these cases the total amount of indemnity paid was $165,846.72, medical and hospital expenses ·were $67,023.17, and burial expenses were $1,918, making a total of $234,787.89. · Working days' time loss totals the time of 1,459 men for one year. The nature of the injuries sustained was as follows: Fingers ______565 Neck______15 Feet ______474 Knees ______·______12 Hands ______432 Rupture______8 J~egs ______Ears______6 Eyes ______415 413 Severe colds (flu)______4 Bodily (ribs and chest) ______302 Hernia______3 Arms (wrist and forearm) ______268 Collar bone______2 Thumbs ______~ 165 Drowned______1 Head ______148 Paralysis______1 Back ______135 Infection______1 Toes ______106 Tuberculosis (injured chest)___ 1 Face (nose, mouth, and teeth) __ 101 Shoulders ______36 Total.. ______3,614 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII,. 1924 67 The Territorial workmen's compensation law provides that weekly compensation payments shall not include the first seven days of disability for work. These first seven days are commonly called the "waiting period." I;ndustrial accidents may be classed in three general groups: Class 1: Accidents causing a total disability for work, subdivided as follows: · Less than 1 day ______800 Less than 1 week _____ ·______1,398 Exceeding 1 week (compensable accidents) ______1,326 A.mount of compensation awarded: Total disability ______$55, 520. 76 Hospital expenses______10, 404. 84 Medical expenses______45, 049. 90 TotaL______110, 975. 50 Class 2: Accidents where the period of total disability for work is succeeded by a permanent partial disability. That is, either the loss of or the permanent loss of use of a portion of a member, as of one phalanx or of a single joint of a finger or toe, up to the ampu tation or loss of use of an entire member, as an arm or leg. Sixty-one such accidents were reported to the board during the past year. The amount· of compensation paid for disabilities under this class was: Total disability periods ______$5,983.74 Permanent partial disabilities ______·42, 265. 57 Hospital expense______3, 126. 15 Medical service______6, 720. 33 Total ______58,095.79 Class 3: Fatal accidents. Twenty-nine fatal accidents were re ported, to the board during the past year. Weekly compensation benefits ______$62,076.65 Funeral expenses______1, 918. 00 Medical expenses______1, 101. 50 Hospital expenses______620. 45 Total ______65,716.60 The majority of the sugar and pineapple J?lantations and canneries maintain their own medical staffs and hospitals for the care of their employees and do not report to the board the cost of hospital and medical services for each mdividual case of minor accident. The foregoing figures therefore do not include costs of this kind. The Hawaii County board reported 925 accidents during the year, or 60 less than last _period. The total amount of compensation paid, ·as reported by the msurance carriers and employers, was $15,144.39. This amount covers 463 cases, including 37 accidents which occurred prior to June 30, 1923, and on which compensation was paid for periods of time between June 30, 1923, and June 30, 1924. There were 960 accidents reported to the Maui County board. Of these, 526 were of seven days duration or less, 316 were over seven days, and 105 are pending. There were 13 fatal accidents. The total compensation J?aid recovered employees during the period was $4,647. Compensation being paid at the present time as death benefits amounts to $833.55 monthly. Of this amount, $102.62 is 68 ANNUAL. R,EPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 paid by_insu~ance companies to nine dependents and $730.93 is paid by self-msurmg concerns to 77 dependents. Lump-sum payments for the year amounted to $1,449.38. Periodical payments for am-· putations, etc., amount to $209.70 monthly from self-insuring con cerns and $69.26 from insurance companies. The total amount of compensation paid on the island of Kauai during the year was $1,679.59. Of this amount $1,458.67 was paid out by companies carrying their own insurance and $220.92 by insurance companies. PUBLIC INSTRUCTION Rules and regulations.-The rules and regulations of the department of public instruction were carefully revised, rearranged, published, and distributed to the schools on January 1, 1924. School laws.-The department brought up to date a compilation of the laws relating to education and child welfare and has issued and distributed it to all schools under date of January 1, 1924. Elementary 8Chool cour8e of study.-During the past school year the department published an entirely new elementary course of study. Due to the fact that most of our work on the course of study must be done by committees of teachers, it was thought best to publish the course by subject pamphlets. This enables the course of study com mittee to work over.and republish any one course without any great financial loss in the discarding or destroying of old courses. The new elementary course of study, which will go into e:ff ect in Septem ber, 1924, is worked out on the semester basis rather than on the three-term plan. H1:gh-8chool course of study.-The department issued during the year a mimeographed course of study for high schools. At a con ference of high-school principals held last April the rules and regula tions governing all high-school activities were carefully gone over and standard practices established. The high-school courses were so organized as to make 12 units of required work out of the 16 needed for grad1:1ation, thus leaving the student a choice of only 4 units in any one of the courses. The following courses will now be offered in Territorial high schools: 1. Classical. 4. Household economics. 2. Scientific. 5 . .Manual training. 3. Commercial. ) 6. Agriculture. Throughout this course of study stress has been placed on con scientious, honest work, and upon scholarship. It is the plan of the department to put the course of study out again this year in mimeographed form and after careful work by committees of high school principals and teachers to publish it in printed form for September, 1925. Certification of teacher8.-Much work has been done by the Terri torial examining board in the revision ' of teachers' certification. The changes in the certification rules are embodied in the new rules and regulations. . Per8onnel of teachiri,g staff-A study of the teaching personnel shows that out of 1,566 teachers, 1,277 are normal graduates or above. This means that approximately four-fifths of the teachers of the Territory are gradnates of accredited normal schools or of colleges ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 69 and universities and one-fifth have had preparation less than normal school graduation. Many of the latter are striving to improve them selves professionally by taking the work at the summer session of the Territorial Normal School and through the extension courses being offered by the University of Hawaii and by the Territorial Normal. School. Racial descent.-Hawaii has been often spoken of as the "Melting pot of the nations." The department of fublic instruction has a big race problem not only among the schoo children of the Territory but ih the teaching staff as well, as is shown by figures below. All teachers, of course, are American citizens. These figures only show the racial descent of these citizen teachers: Anglo-Saxon (American) ______464 Spanish______2 Chinese ______174 Bohemian .. ______2 129 Austrian______1 86 Dutch______1 Japaneset~t~n~~:~::======~======______80 French______1 English ______48 Italian______1 German ______21 Polish______1 Scotch ______10 Welch______1· :Norwegian ______9 Mixture of races (including 137 Canadian ______6 part Hawaiians) ______514 Irish ______.. __ ·-- 6 Swedish ______6 TotaL ______1,566 Danish ______3 Labor turnover.-The question of the labor turnover in the teaching profession is very serious. Many teachers, who are trained and prepared for teaching, leave the profession at a time when they have had only enough experience to make their work really valuable. Of the 1,566 teachers employed last year, 236 resigned at the close of school. Many of these returned to the mainland after having served in the Territorial schools one year or more. Territorial Normal School.-During the past year the Territorial Normal School was placed on the list of accredited teachers' colleges of the United States. It is rapidly becoming an institution that will rank with the best mainland normal schools. High-school gradua tion is the entrance requirement for all students. T~ two-year course is equivalent to two years of college work. Number of public and private schools, teachers, and pupils in the Territory, June 20, 1924 Teachers Pupils Schools ;;1~,%~ifs -.-- · f __,. ___ I I Male / Female _T_ot_a1 ___M_a_le __F_e_m_a1e_/_T_ot_a1_ Public ______176 1s9 I 1,431 1, 620 26, 526 25, 031 51,557 Private 1 ______ii4 117 I 354 471 5, 058 4,499 9,557 TotaL ______240 30(j I 1, 1s5 I 2,091 31,584 29,530 61,114 1 From Dec. 31, 1923. 70 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1!}24 ' Number of pupils in the public schools, by islands, according to course of study, June 20, 1924 Hawaii Maui Molokai Oahu __ Kanai I Total ------~- ---;------Defectives ___ ------'------41 ------41 Special opportunity------, ______39 39 163 163 8~1%e 11:i1~~1ngrecei\•ing)===---_-_-_-:_-_-_~-:_-:_- 1--·-a;ii21- ---·2;035' ----··1or 6, 189 1, 654 13, 909 Grade 2,------1,850 1,007 49 3, 966 786 7, 658 3, 465 807 6, 808 1 3, 077 704 6, 099 Grade&~:i: !:===·=····===··=···===···=···====··5______1,138i; ~g ,675~: ti131 I 2, 586 564 i 4, 976 Grade 6,------859 443 37 1, 901 428 i 3, 668 Grade 7 ______622 349 12 J, 411 297 1 2,691 1, 001 _ 276 I 1,914 653 152 l 1,209 386 99 1 774 343 82 I 580 258 53 '. 447 84 I 84 18 ------/ t& t:;_;;;'.'.:;i:i;i:j.:.:; :...!. :;:;:I ~t37 ======·::! :37 ~~i~:yggdence noncrediL. ___ 116 116 ------1----- ______------·1 202 202 TotaL.------i 12,420 6,851 I 324 26,060 5,902 51,557 Classification of public-school pupils by birthplace, June 20, 1924 I Hawaii j Maui Oahu Kauai Male Female Total ----- I Born in the United States ______12,130 l 7,008 25,284 5,784 25,719 I 24,487 50,206 Foreign born __ ------290 167 776 118 807 \ 544 1,351 Total______• --___ -______12,420 / 7,175 26,060 5,902 26,526 i 25,031 51,557 I Comparative table by descent of pupils attending all public schools in the Territory, June 20, 1924 Public Public Descent school Descent school pupils pupils Hawaiian,. ______; 3,447 Japanese ______25,85$ 5,267 920 1,668 tYt;r:c,-Others. ______=:: ::: :: : : : : ::: :: :: :: : :: :: : : : : : :_ 1,756 i1~1~ft~::::::::::::::::::::::::::! 5,698 528 317 TotaL ______Porto Rican.------1,063 51,557 Chinese •• ,------' 5,035 ! 111anual work and industrial training, June 20, 1924 j Hawaii i Maui Oahu i Kauai Total 1 ! 1 1 t!t~:i;i======~======L____ ~i /======+------w i* Gardenmg______1 3,849 . 1,559 7,580 , 1, 771 14, 759 Coo~ing______681: 356 2,665 i 651 4,353 Sewmg______2,317 , 1,116 a, 402 : 1,350 8,185 I~t::I:'i~fart ______::______1s5. ~ 1,046 :· 80 1,s1~ Carpentry imd shop______983 : 445 2,298 , 672 4,398 ~~t~~\~11t1iniisan;rg; Total------·------34, 5771 20,841 66,442 i 16,285 138,145 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 71 Public schools, teachers, and pupils, by islands and districts, June 20, 1924 Teachers Pupils Islands and districts Schools !----______/ ______ Hawaii: __ ----,--l\l-fa-le_1_F_e_m_a_l~i 1 _~ota1__i_M_a_1_e_1--~~~~_:_1 Total 1 City of Hilo______7 131 97 110, 1,7341 1,598 j 3,332 Hilo District______12' 18, 79 97: 1,468 1,456 1 2,924 Pnna______9 3 ! 35 38 ' 705 1 578 I 1,283 Kau______135 : 123 '1' 1359 17 269 1 252 521 Rona______·52 ' 865 I 763 I 1,628 Kohala ____ .______10 7 39 46 . 728 , 629 , 1,357 Hamakua______8 : 11 ! 30 41 · 693 I 682 I 1,375 TotaL______64 67 I 334 401 6,462 5,958 12,420 '======"=====:,---=:====I"==== Maui: I Lahaina_.______8 10 36 46 : 656 661 i 1,317 Wailuku______.______8 7 , 65 72 . 1 096 1,017 j 2,113 Makawao ______..•.. 14 12 1 79 91 · 1;·516 1,386, 2,902 Hana_········--···--····-·- 7 2 · 16 18 277 242 1 519 ~Iolokai ..•....•.·.·······-·t1- __6_,_ ___4 i ___ 8_,_ ___12_ 164 160 324 TotaL------·-··----- 43 35 [ 204 239 3,709 3,466 7,175 ===k===='=====lc======-O~~ I Honolulu ______·---·------28 55 : 507 562 9,509 9,617 19,126 Ewa.. ---·----·-··------' 7 1 , 90 91 1,677 1,430 3,107 Waianae_·-·------·---·----- 1 1 , 8 9 164 148 I 312 Waialua_____ ··-··--··-··---· 5 2 · 63 65 1,189 1,m j 2,233 Koolau __ ··-··--·-·---·-·-··i.. ___ 7 _,__ ___8 , ___ 3_1--f- ___39_j. __6_9_7+-----l--l-, 28_2 Total. ...-·-·-·-·---···-·-•'= ===48=1====6=7====6=99==1===766=~=1==3,==23==6=1==1=2,==8==24=4==26==,==0=60 Kauai: HanaleL.•.. -----·-··-·-·-· 4 1 i 20 21 230 228 458 Kawaihau·-·-·--···--·-·--- 4 4 ' 29 33 496 471 967 Lihue·--··-·--····-····--·- 4 5 i 54 59 795 710 1,505 i~i':e;==:::::::::::::::::: 1 ~ i :g ~ ~!~ ~ i;!i; '------'-----'----'----'---=-'-==-'-=-- Tota L. ___ . __ .. ____ . _. __ . 1 21 20 I 194 214 3,119 2,783 5,902 Ages of pupils in all public schools of the Territory, June 20, 1924 Years Islands - 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 I 14 ; 1· --- \------i=--i-- "'------1-----:------1 Haw~L-·-···.·····-·-·---·-- 931 1,529 / 1,517; 1,431 1,453 i 1,247 i 1,154 977 I 788 Mam-Molokru .• -·-·--·---··· 647_ 907 i 890 1 805 805 I 680 ' 653 670 I 507 · Oahu·-·-···--··---····-··-·· 1,729 2, 8641 3,053 r 2,961 2, 754 , 2,589 I 2,397 2,114 i 1,721 Kauai.. •. ·-·-·----····-·-··- 535 704 656 I 655 613 i 581 ! 588 ( 519 i 411 Total.. ______3,842 6,0041 6,116, 5,852 5,6251 5,097 J 4,7921 4,180 I 3,427 1 I Years-Continued : Islands [ [ 1 ( Male Female I Total 19 nd ------1-i 15 ---.-16 17--l---~------1--- I 18 ' a l Hawaii______• ______·----· 587 389 · 183 139 95 6,462 5,958 12,420 Maui-Molokai ______··----i 312 203 105 51 40 3,709 3,466 7,175 832 .~:~~!-~======--= L___1,_ m_j_ __ 15_0_1 ___rt5_j_ __ 3ri ~ 1g,, i~ 1~,, ~: 2i,· ggg Total._ .• ____ ------·- 2,534 1,5741 941 614 959 26,526 25,031 51,557 72 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 UNIVERSITY OF HAWAll Several additions to the physical plant of· the university were made during the college year 1923-24. These include the final unit of the girls' dormitory, new dairy buildings, and additions to th~ p_oultry plant. Work has also been started on the new library bmlding. · Registration and graduation statistics for the last two years are as follows: 11922-23 [ 1923-24 -1---1--- Graduate students ______i 17 I 14 Un~iif~t~~!!fa~~e------,------1 rn~ i igf ~~i~~;1Jii!ril\:~~!-~~~;!~~~~~======~==;======iGrand totaL ______i~j--1,-163 lg~ i m ~,;'.~~~?{!~~fe;ego~f~{;~~~--:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::: :: : :: :::: :: :: :: : :: :i 2l I 4~. The work of the Reserve Officers' Training Corps is proving decidedly worth while. The small contingent which went to the camp at Del Monte, Calif., in the summer of 1923 made a notable record and returned with the rifle marksmanship trophy won in competition with all of the R. 0. T. C. units of the Ninth Corps Area. The first commissions as lieutenants in the Rese:rve Corps of the Army were given this year to students who had completed the advanced course. The work of the extension· department continues to expand. It will be necessary to secure additional funds for this department if ~t is to meet the demands upon it. BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS I There are two industrial schools under the supervision of t.he board, one for boys, situated at Waialee, on the northern shore of the island of Oahu, and one for girls, at Moiliili, in Honolulu. The institutions receive and care for all the juvenile delinquents who are not paroled or put on probation by the juvenile court in Honolulu or the circuit judges on the outside islands, who also act as juvenile judges. Instruction is chi,efly vocational, and the children recefre a · portion of their earnings. Boys' industrial school.-There were 150 boys in the school on June 30, 1923. Boys were admitted during the year as follmvs: First commitments, 7 5; returned from parole, 17; returned from Leahi Home, 1; returned from Shriners' Hospital, 1; returned from jail, P; apprehended, 24; total, 277. Departures were as follows: Paroled, 66; discharged, 1.5; sent to· jail, 7; sent to Shriners' Hospital, 1; deserted, 22; total, 111. The total enrollment on June 30, 1924, was 166; average attendance for the year, 151. ,. The boys admitted were listed for the following offenses: Larcen:r, 37; incorrigibility, 9; waywardness, 9; idle and dissolute, 2; injury ANNUAL REPORT or GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 73 to person, 2; stealing automobiles, 6; breaking parole, 9; burglary, 5; forgery, 2; truancy, 2; assault and battery, 3; immoral relations, 3; common nuisance, 1; gambling, 1; violating prohibition law, 1; total, 92. Sixty-nine boys came from Honolulu, 9 from Hawaii, 5 from Kauai, and 9 from Maui. Ages were as follows: 9 years,_1;,10 years, 4; 11 years, 4; 12 years, 6; 13 years, 9; 14 years, 11; 15 years, 14; 16 years, 18; 17 years, 11; 18 years, 8. Races were represented as follows: Hawaiian, 20; part-Hawaiian, 25; Portuguese, 17; Chinese, 4; Japanese, 5; Porto Rican, 10; Ameri can-Portuguese, 1; Filipino-Chinese, 1; English-Samoan, 1; German Portuguese, 1; Negro, 1; Polish, 1; Japanese-Porto Rican, 1; Korean, 2; Russian, 2. Girls' industrial school.-The year began with 120 residents in the school and 40 on parole. Forty-six girls were committed by the courts, making a total of 206 girls cared for. One was committed to the insane asylum, two to the home for feeble-minded, two to the city and county jail, one to the detention home, and one to the Kalihi Orphanage. Thirty-nine were released on attainment of majority, leaving 160 on June 30, 1924, of which 104 are resident at the school nnd 56 paroled to work and homes. Ages are as follows: 12 years, 4; 13 years, 9; 14 years, 10; 15 years, 29; 1G years, 28; 18 years, 35; 19 years, 16. Ancestry is represented as follows:. Hawaiian, 61; part-Hawaiian, :37; Portuguese, 18; Spanish, 3; Porto Rican, 11; Chinese, 3; Japanese, G: Korean, 2; Filipino, 12; others, 7. WAIMANO HOME FOR FEEBLE-MINDED There are at present 114 inmates of the institution, 57 boys and 57 girls. The original capacity of the buildings was 100, 50 boys and 50 girls, but the pressure to care for these children has been so great that it was found possible to crowd in the extra number. Buildings for which appropriations were made by the last legisla ture are now under construction. The appropriation of· $60,000 is ample to erect the buildings desired. The new buildings will provide capacity for 56 more girls and 24 more boys, thus making a total capacity of 180 inmates. The new buildings include a dormitory for 56 girls, with a large day-room and lanai for recreation, also a dining room that will accommodate all the girls, and quarters for the necessary employees. School work has progressed favorably in the past year, several of the children graduating from the second to the third grade. About 30 children have taken the regular school work. Besides that, the industrial work, consisting of hand training in sewing, mending, crocheting, needlework and tatting, has been provided for 30 more girls. In the sewing room is made practically all of the clothing worn by the inmates, and besides this the girls are trained in proper ways of doing housework, laundry work, and to help with cooking. The gardens have been continued and have furnished all the vegetables necessary. Development and care of the grounds has included the setting out of between four an,d five thousand trees and shrubs, which, with those already put out, make over 10,000 set out since the beginning of this work. 74 ANNUAL REPORT' OF GOVER~OR OP HAWAII, l!t24 It is felt that the purpose of the institution, namely, that of providing a home, protection, training, and care for mentally defec tive children is being accomplished, and that the Territory is fortunate in having a place where such care can be furnished. A. few of the children have been paroled during the year, and up to the present time seem to be doing very well. . LIBRARY OF HAW All Catalogue department.-Because of increased Territorial appro priation specifically for books, it has been possible this year to use the funds received from the Honolulu Library Association entirely for additions to the collection of the main library. Purchases this year totaled 2,169 volumes, including the beginning of a fine collec tion on music and desirable additions to the list of technical books and books on business. Territorial appropriation made possible the addition of 6,540 new books for. use in the children's department and in the extension work throughout the city and county. . Gifts reached the exceptional total of 1,495, which included 200 recent Yale publications. Withdrawal of worn-out books and the year's losses amounting to 2,241, left a net gain of 8,063 and a total of 66,121 volumes in the library June 30, 1924. · Circulation department.-The circulation department reports that 2,388 more peof>le are using the library than one year ago, and that there is a tota registration of 16,352. This is an increase of 17 per cent. The circulation was the largest yet recorded, 255,559- an average of 843 :per day, with 1,572 the highest for any one day. The year's cfrculat10n was 45,227 more than for 1922-23. Juvenile gains make up 74.3 per cent of this increase. Reference department.-Definite and systematic effort has been made the past two years to increase the resources and equipment of the reference and periodical departments. Many helpful reference books have been purchased, and the files of indexed periodicals supplemented, greatly enlarging the capacity to meet the requests of patrons. This department reports an increase of 23 per cent in attendance, of 60 per cent in special research work, and 53 per cent in use of reference material. For the coming year two further projects are outlined: (a.) The expansion of the Hawaiian collection and a much closer indexing of all Hawaiian material to make it more accessible; and (b) the arrangement and indexing of the clipping and picture files, for which a large quantity of material has been as- sembled. · Children's department.-Juvenile :eatrons now number 7,371, and their youthful enthusiasm is responsible for 120,794 of the books cir culated, or 4 7 per cent of the whole. One thousand seven hundred and seven more children are using the library than last year. It is also noted 49,258 on their visits to the library remained to read and that 3,000 made use of reference books, which is also a large increase over last year. Stations department.-Extension work through the stations de partment now reaches 80 branches: Community libraries, 25; schools, 53; home libraries, 2. There were 13,434 volumes sent out from ANNUAL REPORT OJ!' GOVERN~R OF HAWAII, 1924 75 headquarters, the use of which is represented by a reported circula tion of 77,213. · A point to be noted is the greater proportionate circu lation this year, it being 5.7 issues per volume as against 4.8 last year and 2.7 in 1922. · • It is interesting in this connection also to note the iuvenile circula tion in five city schools, in each of which there was a librarian in charge: Kalihiwaena______15, 07 4 Kuhio ____ · ______·------10,841 Likelike______11, 480 Liliuokalani ______3, 422 Territorial normal______8, 717 Total______49, 534 In the 48 other schools receiving collections, there was a total circu lation of 20,705, not quite 30 per cent of the whole. Work with the schools.-The setting aside by the last legislature of a special fund for school libraries has given a stimulus to this side of the work and has made possible the closer correlation of the normal school and the library in the development of libraries in the schools. It was with the cooperation of the normal school that in September library work in the city was extended to the Kuhio and Likelike Schools. Each library was open only one day each week, but this gave opportunity for exchange of books, for conference with teachers and for the details of organization. The librarian in charge had as assistants Renior cadets from the normal school who served one at a time for a period of six weeks. When not on duty at school libraries the normal cadet n:•ported for duty at the Library of Hawaii, getting a varied training in regular library work and assisting in the impervision and care of the juvenile department. In return· for the courtesies extended b_y the normal school the Library of Hawaii has given a course in literature for children to the two divisions of the senior normal class. This course and the required reading in connection with it are designed to familiarize the teachers in training with the books that the county libraries are placing in the schools throughout the Territory. The possibilities thus opened up are infinite, and along this way lies the future ex pansion and development of the county work. PUBLIC ARCIDVES Through the death on June 12, 1924, of Robert C. Lydecker,. librarian, the Territory lost one of its most valued officials. Mr. Lydecker had been in charge of the archiv.es since its establishment, and had brought the filing and indexing to a high degree of efficiency. The principal work performed by this bureau for several years past, has been the indexing of documents. Particular attention has been given to the indexing of documents relating to land matters these being frequently ·called for by parties searching land titles. The indexing of the correspondence between the governor and the land commissioner, which at the close of the last period had pro gressed to 1916, has now bem brought up to June 30, 1918. The indexing of documents received by the department of public instruction, relating to school lands under its immediate control, has 76 ANNUAL REPORT TERRITORIAL COURTS The Territorial courts are composed of .a supreme court of three members; five circuit courts, of which one has four members who sit separately; and the others one member each; and 29 district courts. The supreme court and circuit. court judges are appointed by the President, and the district magistrates by the chief justice of the Territory. The circuit courts are the courts of general original jurisdiction, trying criminal, law, equity, probate, and divorce cases. The first circuit court also acts as a court of land registration. The circuit and district courts also act as ju-rnnile courts. The principal juvenile and divorce court is the court of domestic relations, in Honolulu. The legislature of 1921 established this division of domestic relations in the first judicial circuit. Its judge is one of the four judges of the first circuit court and is known as the judge of the division of domestic relations. The following tables show the cases by courts, classes of cases, and nationality of convicted in criminal cases: COURT STATISTICS, CALE.'\fDAR YEARS Total cases in all courts 1 ! 1921 1922 1923 ------:------1'f{.1't.;:,~~;ases ______------/ I~; Ei~ 1g; ~~ ~; ~ti:; 1----!----1---- 1 1 1 Convi!t't~~s in criminal cases ______j gH ! g; ~: §; ~t~ Percentage of convictions ______/ i; 56 66 1 1 120 insanity, 18 drug addicts, 649 juvenile cases nnd 13 persons committed to home for feeble-minded, not included. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1004 77 Cases classified by courts (civil and criminal) 1921 1922 1923 Supreme court______67 63 104 Circuit courts______2,173 2,684 2,579 District courts ______------12, 779 12,847 11,563 ,----+----+---~ TotaL______15,019 15,594 14,246 Ca.ses in supreme court On appeal, error, or exceptions: Law ______Equity ______Probate ______CriminaL ______0 0 l\IiscellaneousOrilI~i ~~b~~~sf.;'E~."-~~~ ______~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: _ TotaL ______------ Cases in circuit courts 11 C--h--iL-1:-aw--- __-_- __-_- __-_- __-_- __-_-_- __-_- __-_- __-_- __-_-_-- ___-_- __-_- __-_-_- __-_- __-_- __-_- __-_- __-_- __-_-_- __-_- __-_-_ -·~~ I '~- ~'~,: "''luity ______54 65 I 164 Divorce______602 660 712 Probate______764 7471· 747 Special proceedings __ "------37 47 44 TotaL ______------1,695 1,874 [ 2,086 Criminal______------478 810 1 493 Grand totaL ______>---2-,1-7_3__, ___2_,_68_4_~ Convictions in criminal cases ______:______367 506 I 334 Percentage of convictions______77 62 i 57 I 1 These 493 cases involved 576 individuals. The percentage of convictions is based upon the number of individuals on trial, not on the number of cases. Cases in district courts I 1921 1922 ! 1923 ------,----. 1--1 CiviL _------______2,615 3, 12, I a, 221 Criminal______------10,164 9,420 8,336 TotaL ______. ______-_ 12,779 12,847 11,563 Convictions in criminal cases·------6,170 5,320 5,561 Percentage of convictions ______• ______. ______60 56 67 11498-24t--6 78 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, U}24 Convictions in criminal cases by classes of cases 1921 1922 1923 348 395 361 gg:~:: ~:t~:t gh~t1tt:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 225 261 213 694 708 693 3,049 2,383 2,360 ~t;ir~i:~:::e_~-e-~~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 39 400 320 Drunkenness ______.. _. _____ .. _...•. __ ... _..••... ___ .. _..••.. -. ---. ----•• 322 291 281 Homicide ..•. _. ______.•• _. ______.. ___ . ______••. ______.•....• __ ...• _.• 9 7 123 Miscellaneous ... _.. _..•... _....•...... •... -...... -• 1,851 1,381 1,644 Total. ...•.•. _.... _...... •...... •...... _•.••...•...... • 6,537 5,826 5,895 1 Manslaughter, 5; murder, 18. .Races of persons convicted Esti· mated N~:_?er Per cent Races popula· victed of popu· tionJune 1923 Jation 30, 1923 ~: i::~~;-i:r~:;~waiian....•...... •...•.•...•.....•..•...... l 1 !.!!l 640 1. 55 409 1. 72 1 1,635 1.36 v'.'.l:it~, including Portuguese ....••..•.....•..•.•...... •...... 1, 62,151 768 1.24 Fillpmo ••. ·········································-···--··········-··· .. / 36, 199 1,965 5. 53 213 3.80 183 2.87 ~l{fJucan::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::: _::::::::::::::::::::::::i t~~ 76 3.03 Tota] ______,. ______w ______.,. ______1,-29-8-,50-0-+-----+- 1 5,889 1.97 I 1 Six corporations convicted for "failure to file annual exhibits" not included. COURT OF DOMESTIC RELATIONS, JUVENILE DIVISION The work of this court includes mainly the adjustment of family difficulties and. the successful placing ·of girls and boys in the proper environment, and there are more cases settled out of the court than are brought before it. Dependent children are placed in private homes, private institutions, and public institutions. Delinquent boys and girls are in many cases awarded to the care and custody of private families. li this proves unsuccessful, they are then placed in the industrial schools. The following tabulations show the number, ancestry, offenses) and dispositions of cases brought before this court: Dependents I Male Fe· i1 Male maFI: maJe ;: y ------+--l·--1'----·-----~------~1-- NATIONALITY DISPOSITION White,. including Portuguese...... 11 10 Committed to feeble·minded home ..•. 4 1 Hawauan_...... 8 11 Committed to industrial schools ...•.. 1 2 JapanesP. ,...... 7 5 Care and custody of charitableinsti· 31 Jmt1n~~c.a~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: r ~ ' c!~:iiic1·custody.of-prfvateiii.roi1:v::: i? 21 Chinese...... 1 •..•. . I 1---t--- Korean...... • 1 51 55 Others...... 20 22 Cases dismissed...... 2 19 Total...... ••.•.••.••.•....••••. ~ ~ 11· Total brought befo e court ~i~ Cases dismissed ...•..••...... •.•.. __2 ~ , r ···•·· , 1 Total brought before court...... 53 74 I i, ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNl)R OF HAWAII, 1924 79 Delinquents NATIONALITY OFFENSE-continued ii~~i!~cluding Portuguese_.·--···· 76 8 Violating traffic ordinance .•·-···--··· 12 44 19 Common nuisance•• ·-······-····-···· 22 Chinese ••..·-·····--···-·-·-···-····· 33 3 Curfew_··-··········-················ 6 J &panese ...... ··-· •..• -· .... --.... -- 24 7 Other ofl'enses.-···-········--······-- 29 Porto Rican ••..... ·-······-·-·-······ 13 3 13 2 Total...·-·················-···· 286 74 iirir:o .. ·····-···--···-············· 1 7 Spanish ••. ··············-···--··-···· 3 1 DISPOSITION Russian •...... •..•...•.. ·-.•. 2 1 Others-··--·························· 77 23 Committed industrial school. ... ·-·-• 55 30 Committed charitable institutions__ ._...... 6 TotaL ..... ·--················· 286 J 74 Committed home feeble·minded_ ·-··· ··-··· 1 Committed private family.•..••... -.. 5 · 23 Placed on prc,bation ••. ·-····-···--··· 225 14 Reprimanded ... :·-··············-··· 1 DisobedienceAssanlt ...... ~~::.~::··-····--······' ·····-·······.; 125 j.... 1 . 2_ 286 74 Gambling __ ···-··········-···········: 13 ...... Dismissed .•....•.. ·-····-············ 130 4 1---+--- ~~';;'ri'!s:=====::::::::::::::::::::::==l lf~ 1.... -: T o tal disposed of···-··-········ 416 78 Incorrigibility. ·-····-··--·········-··1' 13 I 7 P~nding...•.. ·-····-····-····-······· 6 1 ImmoralitY--···-····-·······-····-··· ··-···r 29 W.aywardness ..•..•.-·-··-····_··_·_·_·_· __ · __2_0 __1_1--"-----T-o_ta_l_b_r_ou_g_h_t_b_e_1o_re_co~rt._ .•..~~ ~--7~ LAND COURT One of the judges of the first circuit court is assigned to land court cases by the chief justice of the supreme court. Land court cases Number Acres Assessed of cases value Applications for registration of title pending July 1, 1923 ...... •.. 36 14,294.813 $872, 912. 76 Applications filed during year.·-·········-·············-·········-· 37 1,468. 668 650,777.76 f----+----1--- Applications pending and filed ..•...... ·-·········-·········· 73 15,763.481 1, 523, 690. 52 l====!====cl= Decrees of registration of title granted during fiscal year .... ·····-·· 28 3,270.553 536,423.94 Applications for registration of title withdrawn by applicant.. _..... 1 . 088 385.00 Applications for registration of title pending June 30, 1924 ...... •.. 44 12,492.840 986,881.58 f-----+----1--- Applications,disposed of and pending···················-········-·· 73 15,763.481 1, 523, 690. 52 Applications for subdivision of registered land filed and granted•...... - .....•...... ~.. 58 ½plications for amendment of certificates of title granted.·-··-··········-·····-·······-·-··········· 2 Applications for duplicate certificates of title granted ...... ·-·······-····-···············-···-········ 8 Applications to clear certificates of title granted .•...... ·-···········--···-····-·················· 2 FEDERAL COURT The Federal court located in Hawaii is a United States district court with the jurisdiction also of a Un1ted, States circuit court. There are two district judges and a United States district attorney and assistant affiliated with this court. 80 ANNUAL REPORT O.F GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, H/2-! Cases in Federal court I • , ; 1923 / 1924 / 1923 : 1924 ----~------;!: ' i CIVIL CASES CRIMINAL CASF,S-continued ! Bankruptcy ______; 83 85 ! Larceny ______! 2 ·------Admiralty______; 5 .: 14 Forging,_countcrfeiting ______j 1 I 1;3 8 10 gf;Ji m~J~:~ ~~!~:! ~cfta~tl~rij,5:::::: 6 · ~ i~~~~~~:~: ~~ft~-ci-siatesi,rci"r,eri;v:::)----~-i-----i Habeas corpus______7 i 10 Unlawfully entering fort______2 1-- -- Smugglmg______1______1 1 TotaL______1 109 I 214 Misprision of felony ______!______1 ,===,==·= I For_ni~ati~n----,------+-----' 2 CRIMINAL CASES , : , Intim1datmgw1tness ______,______l Extortion ______\ 2 )______~;';t1~go~fe~en~_of '.~~~~::::::::::::):::::: ~ Felonious assault ______: 2 l Stealing United States currency ______1 Nationalprohibition ______41~, 15! Fraudulent admission to 1:nited,1 1 M:r~~tI~;~::~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 189 . 212 o:i::~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::·--13------~ If:i;t~~~::::=:::=:::::::=::::::::::: f , I \ TotaL------!-643 ! 466 Conspiracy------·------; ~ Total civil and criminal cascs __ i 752 I 680 Adultery ______[ t ; i ' Of the 466 criminal cases, 420 show convictions and 9 show ac quittals; 12 were nolle prossed and '.35 are pending. DEPARTMENT OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL The attorney general is the legal adviser of the heads of the depart ments, the district magistrates, and other public officials in all matters connected with their public duties, and the many Territorial boards. Much of this work consists of drawing up or passing upon forms of contracts and bonds of contractors with the Territory, deeds, licenses, patents, and other documents relating to land transactions, corpora tion charters, etc.. The Territorial prison functions as a branch of this department. Oitizensh1:p.-During the year several very important cases of citizenship were considered by the department. In passing upon the question of the eligibility of Filipinos for American citizenship the attorney general has held that, although not aliens, Filipinos are not citizens nor are they eligible to become citizens. The question of the eligibility for American citizenship of Japanese who served in the armed forces of the United States in the World War has also been passed U)?On by the department and the view expressed that they are not eligible. . Holdings of public lands.-It has been an important work of the department to express legal opinions upon holdings of Government land. A harmful practice has prevailed in Hawaii for some 25 years as to what has been termed "tenancies at will." There are no such tenancies of Government land authorized by law, with the exception of the permissible holding over for not more than one year by the holder under what is known as a" general lease." Pr~sent examples of such holdings are to be found at Squattersville, Punchbowl, and at Makua Valley, on this island. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1024 81 Following is a summary of cases handled by the department during t,he fiscal :year: ! Court i Peudiug Finished I . -- - ! . United States Circuit Court of Appeals ______' 0 0 Gnited States District Court ______---______------0 0 ~~fc":If~o~~fr;'t, Territory of Hawaii______-- __ ------~' 12 6 Land court ______35 178 1 8 29 Tax appeal courts ______------2 5 District Court of Honolulu______----_----_ ------__ ------0 15 Industrial accident board ______-----______------1 0 Board of appeals, Waikiki project______, 10 0 ---j---- 68 233 Disposition of cases in circuit courts during the same period, as shown b:y reports of the county attorneys, was as follows: Court I Convic- Acquit- I Nolle Other dis- Pend- - ! tions tsls prossed positions ing ------i------1------' I 108 31 52 2 6 8 !iTr\~;ffiYt~~===::::::::::::::::::::::=:::::::::J I 1i 1 4 0 _j ~ Fourth circuit ______30 / 3 1 6 8 1 Fifth circuit ______, 15 6; 7 18 4 TERRITORIAL PRISON 'I'he receipts from fees and for the support of United States prisoners were $5,254.83. The total expenditures were $99,008.64, segregated into $50,032.83 for expenses and maintenance of prisoners, $38,~75.81 for salaries, prison employees, and $10,500 for specific salaries. The earnings of the prisoners for the year were $3,764.38, with withdrawals $3,967.36, showing an excess of withdrawals over earnings of $202.98, which, deducted from the balance, $5,111.75, at the beginning of the fiscal period, makes a total of $4,908.77 as the balance due prisoners on June 30, 1924. The balance in the pr1soners' compensation fund at the close of the fiscal period was $4,145.54. , Under a recent ruling by the board of prison inspectors of the first judicial circuit all prisoners recommended by it for parole have been required to pay or work out their fines, or costs, or both, as the case may be, if any, before being paroled. Prior thereto such fines and costs have been reduced to days, figured at the rate of $1 per day, and added to the maximum sentence. As a result of this ruling the collections from these sources have amounted to $1,219.66 during the year, which amount has been remitted to the various circuit courts having jurisdiction over same. There are many problems confronting the prison management that do not apply to other institutions of a similar nature, such as the mixed nat10nalties and the large percentage, 0f illiteracy. 82 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19<24 Nationality of prisoners serving Per Per Nationality Male J!ie Total cent Nationality Male ;:[;{ Total cent age 0 age ------~111------American______27 ______27 Porto Rican ______20 ·______20 4. 4 (1 5.95 Russiim. ______Chinese______55 1 56 12.33 3 ------3 . 66 Filipino______117 4 121 26. 66 Spanish ______3 ------3 . . 66 Hawaiian ______92 ______92 All others ______, 20. 27 3 ------1 3 i • 66 Japanese______73 ______73 16.08 Total______Korean______27 ______27 5.95 449 5 4541100. 00 Portuguese______29 ------29 6. 38 1 The number of prisoners received·during the year was 301, or 125 more than the total for the preceding year, and the number released on parole was 142, or 35 more than last year. The number discharged was 185, or 114 more than the total for the preceding year. The discharges were as follows: Expiration of sentence, 146; poor con victs oath, 28; pardoned by governor, 2; died, 7; executed, 1; and transferred, 1. The number of :parole violators during the year was 27, fourteen of whom were applicable to said period. · On June 30, 1924, the. number of prisoners serving was 454 and on parole 435, while on the same date last year the number serving was 382 and on parole 390, showing increases of 72 and 45, respectively, over the number serving and on parole during the preceding year. Of the number serving there were 358 under convictions for the first time, 30 with previous convictions, 61 parole violators, and 5 escapes. The outstanding feature of the year was the great increase in pop ulation, which, on June 2, 1924, reached a total of 470 prisoners, the largest number in the history of the prison. This situation has brought about the necessity of providing additional quarters for the inmates, a large number of whom have been sent to the two prison camps on Maui in order to relieve the crowded condition of the institution. Due to the active campaign waged against violators of the narcotic drugs import and export act, there were, out of a total of 301, 155 United States prisoners received during last year, or nearly five times the number for the preceding year. Federal and Territorial prisoners serving I Number Percentage Federal______-_- __ -_-__- __-_- __ -__- __- __-_- __- __- __- __-_- __- __- __-_- __- __- __-_/ 81 l---17-.8-4 TerritoriaL ______------______I 373 82. 16 TotaL ______------454 190. 00 The largest percentage of inmates is made up of youthful delin quents between the ages of 20 and 30, these being 32.56 per cent of the :prisoners received during the year, or 43.17 per cent of the total servmg on June 30, 1924. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1024 83 Ages of prisoners at, date of admission Number Percentage ------·--·----~------,--- Under 20 years______67 14. 76 20 to 30 years______196 43.17 30 to 40 years______96 21. 14 40 to 50 years______64 14.10 Over 50 years ___ ·------··------· ------______----,----31 6. 83 Total------·------454 100. 00 :Under the regular tests of _prison routine a large _propor~ion of t~e prisoners showed a marked rmprovement over their physical condi tion upon admission. With proper medical and dental attention, wholesome food, and various forms of recreation, the general health of the inmates is quite satisfactory, considering the crowded conditions of the institution. During the year this prison; being the central bureau of criminal identification for the Temtorv of Hawaii, has taken 301 each o-f the photographs and finger prints of the total number of prisoners received and has made 90 exchanges with the United States Central Bureau of Criminal Identification at Washington, D. C. The discipline maintained at the prison and its outside camps has been responsible in a large measure in cultivating deportment such that, with but few serious infractions of the rules, the conduct of the inmates has been exem_plary. Considering the large number of prisoners employed outside of the prison walls, it is very gratifying to learn that the percentage of escapes, as compared with many State prisons, from reports at hand, has been very low. Of the five escaped prisoners of, record on June 30, 1924, three, who have gotten away during the _previous administrations, have been reported to be out of the Territory. The other two escaped during the latter :()Ortion of the fiscal year. One has been captured and returned to/r1son. The daily average cost for the support, maintenance, an custody of each prisoner during the year was 67.28 cents. During the preceding year the prison had more than 7 acres planted to rice and vegetables. Last year the prison acquired from the Alexander Young estate 13.66 acres of. land adjoining its fa¥m, and the acreage for cultivation was thereby greatly increased. Already this additional land has been cleared and planted to rice and vege tables. In the original farm the rice land, which was allowed to lie fallow for one year, was again planted to rice, and the vegetable gardens extended. It is estimated that the growing crops this year will more than double those of the preceding year. Out of the appropriation," $98,000 for the support and maintenance of prisoners," there has been expended $50,032.83, which is $1)032.83 more than the quota for the fiscal year. This excess is largely due to the heavy increase in prison population. However, this is more than offset by the receipts, $12,801.10, from the Federal Government for the support of United States prisoners, which amount, if deducted from the maintenance cost, $99,008.64, will show a net cost to the Territory of $86,207.54. The total estimated value of prison labor furnished the various departments of the government during the fiscal year, representing • 84 ANNUAL REPORT' OF GOVERNOR O.E' HAWAII, 19\24 savings to such departments, was $121,480.00. This is a very conservative estimate, and if the saving thus shown were to be treated as an earning of the prison, it is obvious that the institution is more than self-supporting. Percentage of pri.~oners to population by rac@, 1920 i:ensus Race .Xun1her ' Perrrutage ,16 o. 2382 ~:m~r:------:- _: ::::::::::::: 121 . :"i75.1 1Ia,,~aiiar1 ______------______92 . 2204 73 ,0668- 27 .'1454 2!J .!Oi4 20 . :J570 ~NI~~======::==;:=:===:======:==:=:======:::==:=:=:::=::==:==::===i :JR : .1300 TotaL. ______. ___j 454 i______I ' ____ Percentage of prisoners to total population 0.1774 of 1 per cent Former record of prisoners Number Percentage First convictions ______. ____ .. ____ .... ______.______.. -- __ .. ____ _ 363 79.96 Former convictions ______.:. ______6. 61 Parole violators. ______. g~ rn. 43. TotaL. ______. ______.. ______454 , 100. 00 Classification of prisoners according to crimes --'·-----~ --- -~ ; ! r Crime :\fale I Femalt• Tot,1\ f Pe;,:,nt- __l _____ ------1------'vf:urdeL------1 59 .2 HI I:l. 44 Manslaughter- ______, 15 i 1 16 i 3. 5!3 Burglary ______, 97 97 ' 21. 37 Assault with weapon ______· 25 23 : 3. 51 Rape and attempt______------' 14 14 :i. 09 I d t assau lt ------.------i' 15 13 :J.l.:JZ 30 S~d~c;;;_; 6 6 2 2 t~'::i~1 i,;1J~~o~~'a'e~1J~e!~/~~-'-s::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ! ~ ii i: t Embezzlement. __ ------JO 10 2. 20 Larceny-malicious conversion ______; 29 2!J fl. 39 Forgery______13 1 14 3. OS Counterfeiting ______------______, 6 6 I. 32 1 B~~;p!;~cy .. ------______J; 1; t ~ ffibo~hi;;; crimes ______------______- ~£ 1 ~g gJ~ i---+-----+~---1 TotaL ______: 449 r, 454 ! 100. 00- PUBLIC HEALTH The general health of the Territory for the year was good. The death rate for the year ending June 30, 1924, was 13.93 per 1,000, and for 1923, 15.96. For the year there were 4,132 cases of communicable diseases re ported, as compared to 6,638 for 1923. Reporting by physicians was fairly prompt and complete, but there still remains much laxity on the part of the medical profession in reporting certain diseasesr ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 85 notably, typhoid, tuberculosis, and pertussis. The number of cases of cerebrospinal meningitis, follicular conjunctivitis, diphtheria, scar let fever, trachoma, tuberculosis, and varicella showed increases for .the year, while decreases are mainly to be noted for influenza, mea sles, pertussis, plague, and typhoid. The deaths from communi cable diseasef:1 totaled 728, as compared with 972 for 1923. Of the diseases of childhood, there were 34 deaths from diphtheria, 9 from measles, 23 from whooping cough, and 2 from scarlet fever. The number of cases of diphtheria amounted to 202, as compared to 197 for the previous year; the number of deaths was 34 each year. There were 167 cases of typhoid and 35 deaths, as compared to 170 and 29 for 1923. · There were no cases of smallpox in the Territory for the year. Five cases were present on vessels arriving from ports outside the Territory, these being handled by the United States Public Health Service. The board of health, at a meeting on June 18, 1924, adopted a regulation intended to prevent the introduction of smallpox from the Pacific coast of :North America. Of the various inte~ral units of the United States, the Territory of Hawaii has the distmction of not having had any smallpox in recent years, except such cases as were on arriving vessels, or when the infection was from outside the Territory. In these last named no secondary cases occurred. Hawaii is a valuable port of call for vessels crossing the Pacific, and its importance as such, as well as the volume of shipping, will increase from year to year. If infection from without is to be pre vented, the enforcement of all reasonable precautionary measures is clearly necessary. It was confidently expected that, through the passage of Hawaii's hill of rights at the last session of Congress, the Territory would re eeive Federal aid under the Shepherd-Towner Act. The amount to which the Territorv was entitled was included in the second defi ciency bill, which failed of passage before Congress adjourned. It is hoped this matter will receive early attention after Congress meets in December and that a bureau of child hygiene may be well estab lished before the close of the next fiscal year and active steps taken to effect a lowering of our excessively high infant mortality. The report of the director of the tuberculosis bureau shows 1,394 cases on the register at the close of the fiscal year, an increase of 275 more than last year. This should not be taken to indicate that the disease is on the increase, but rather that better work is being done in prompt reporting, earlier diagnoses are being made, and in cipient cases discovered. Credit for this work is largely due the public health nurses, as, chiefly through their efforts, the early cases and contacts have been brought in for examination. In the city of Honolulu visits were made to the various schools by the health officer for the purpose of detecting cases of contagious diseases, with the result that many children with affections of the eyes were sent to the eye clinic at Palama Settlement for treatment. In addition, all the schools were re~ularly visited by nurses from the Palama Settlement or the board or health. The Pohukaina School was detailed by the nutrition bureau of the department of public instruction to carry out a complete nutrition program. The board of health not having a school physician, the nutrition bureau ap pealed to private physicians for aid, with the result that four physi- 86 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 oians offered their services and complete eye, ear, nose, and throat examinations were made of all pupils of this school. . This survey disclosed such a large number of children with con tagious affections of the eyes that it became necessary for Palama Settlement to start a clinic with a physician and nurse in attendance· to properly handle the cases. The work of Palama Settlement has resulted in preventing contagion to others and in saving the sight in many cases. Dental attention has been given throughout the year to the inmates of the Oahu Insane, Asylum, as well as those at the Kalihi receiving station and Kalaupapa. A great deal of suffering has been prevented through the excellent services furnished, and the curative measures given have undoubtedly added greatly to the comfort and happiness of all concerned. . Radium was used by 22 physicians on 255 patients, of which 190 were pay patients and 65 indigent patients. During the year a further supply of radium was _purchased, and at present there are under board of health control five 10-milligram needles, two 50-mil ligram tubes, four 25-milligram tubes, and two 25-milligram plaques. A large amount of serums, antitoxins, and vaccine virus was fur nished free to physicians and hospitals. VITAL STATISTICS The population of the Territory was estimated to be 307,100 as of June 30, 1924, an increase for the year of 8,600. Increases were noted among Japanese, Filipino, Chinese, Asiatic Hawaiian, Cau casian Hawaiian, Korean, Portuguese, and Porto Rican, and de creases among Hawaiian, Spanish, and the group included under American, British, German, and Russian. All the cities and counties showed a gain in population during the year. Estimated population by nationality Nationality 1923 1924 American, British, German, Russian ______35,774 34,272 23,714 24,522 ft~l~r::: ::: :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: :: : : : : : : : :: :: : : : : : : : : : : :: :: : : : : :: =- _: _: _: 36,199 39,608 Hawaiian ______21,468 21,271 Japanese ______120,590 125,368 Korean ______------_- - . ------5,608 5,817 7,374 7,816 t!~~i!~rr~:.!lJan: :: :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: 12,514 13, 134 Portuguese ______26,377 26,791 Porto Rican ____ , ______---______------6,375 6,347 2,105 1,939 · iYf~f~~rs :_: :: __ ::::: :: :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: '::::::::::: :: :: ::: :: : : : : . : : : : : _: _:: : 402 215 Total _____ ------______----. ______------_____ ------______298,500 307,100 Estimated population by cities and counties 1923 1924 Honolulu ___ ------93,500 97,000 ~!~u (outside ofH0110lulu~------::--__ :______~;b38 ~t ~ County of:Iawaii (outside of Hilo)______60,000 61,800 County vi Kalawao_-·------553 581 County of Kauai______32,797 33,747 County of MauL_. ______~_41_,9_50-1 ___4_3,_2_42 1 TotaL-______---______-- 298, 500 307, 100 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 192! 87 The total number of deaths in the Territory was 4,218 and the death rate per 1,000 population was 13.93, as compared with 4,654 and a rate of 15.96 for 1923. Decrease in the number of deaths is noted for all the political subdivisions of the Territory. Deaths, 1924 Death rate Total per 1,000 deaths of popula- tion BY CITIES AND COUNTIES City of Honolulu______l, 603 16. 83 Oahu (outside of Honolulu)------59\l 10.14: City of HiJo______290 26. 09 Hawaii County (outside of Hilo)------·------634 · 10. 41 Kalawao County______38 67. 02 Kauai County------374 11. 24 "\,faui County------680 15. 96 e-----f---- T ota L ______4,218 13. 93 RACE American, British, German, Russian ______257 7. 34. 309 12. 81 636 16. 78 Japani~W!in:: es". ______:: ::: : : : : : == :::: : : : : : : ::: : : : : : : : : : : : : : .: : : : : : : : : : ::: :: : : : : ==: --·---- :: : ====:__ _ 791 37. 01 1,388 11. 29 93 16.28 111 14. 61 ri~~i~n"i~:~ian ______173 13. 49 Portuguese ______. ______._. __ . ______. ______341 12. 83 Porto Rican ______. ______• ______86 13. 52 13 6.43 1¥18;;~~~rs :: : : : : : :: : : : : : : : : : : :: : ::: : :: :: : :: : : :: : :: ::: : : : : : : :: : : : : : ::: : :: : : : : : : : : : 20 64. 72 Total. ______. ____ . ______------· ------4,218 I 13. 93 i==== PRINCIPAL CAt:"SEB OF DEATH Diarrhea and enteritis (under 2 years) ______1.66 ml 1.38 ~~'b~~~~i~~:c~f~:U,s) ______ss1 I 1. 28 Congenital debility, malformations, and other causes peculiar to early infancy __ 309 1.02 Violent deaths (suicide excluded)------______305 1.00. Organic diseases of the heart __ ------248 . 82 Lobar pneumonia ______• ______211 . 70 Acute nephritis and Bright's disease ____ ------198 . 65 Cancer (all forms) ______.______193 . 64 Cerebral hemorrhage, apoplexy ______154 . 51 Beriberi.. ______• ______• ______103 . 34 78 . 26 77 • 25 ijiiw~"-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~:::::::::::::::::Diarrhea and enteritis (2 years and over) ______Bronchitis ______67 .22 57 . l9 Total ______------3,308 i 10.92 I The total of these 15 principal causes 1s 78.4 per cent of entire mortality. blfant mortalit-y.-Deaths among infants under 1 year of age showed a decrease for the year, there beini;; 1,410 deaths; and the death rate, in proportion to each 1,000 live births, was 116.26. Diar rhea and enteritis, cerebropneumonia, and premature birth, as last year, were the most numerous and important causes of death. The races showing the highest and lowest infant mortality rate ·were, respectively, the Hawaiian with 291.25 and the Caucasian with 33.11. 88 ANNUAL REPORT OJ!" GOVERNOR OF HA'\VAIIJ 1924 Five main causes of deaths of infants under 1 year Total Death rate Cause per l ,000 deaths hirths ----- Diarrhea and enteritis ______1' 442 30. 44 278 · 22.92 ~~~::i"a~~Je~i:;t'{.~~~a_:::::: :::'.:: :: :::::: ::::: ::: ::::: :::::: ::::: ::: :: :: ::: :: :: ::: :, 141 I 11.63 i6 G. 27 f~~~re~neumonia _____ : ______i ;1 5. 85 Infant mortality rates, by race I Total , Death rate Total deaths 1,000 births under 1 · per year births ----'------I ' 173 ' 291.25 N:;~~:la~ Hawaiian ______/ ¥ii i 6'l' 83.23 Asiatic Hawaiian ______-I 553 : 68 122.97 Portuguese _____ . ______------' 1,069 , 93 , 87.00 Porto Rican ______, f~ / 39 , 124.20 15' 33.11 fa~:e~:ucasians______, ~ ~------1 ~gg .57 ' il. 25 5 509 87. 46 23 ~9.1.5 ~Yfifgo :::::: ::: ::::: :: :::::: :::::::::: :: ::: ::: :: :::::::: :: ::: ::::: 1, ~;~ '. 361 '. 262. 55 5 67. 57 t~~~;~h-_: _:: _:::: ::: _:: __ ::::::::::: ::::: :::::::::: :::: ::: :::: _: :: _! ~§ : 1 ' 10. 00 TotaL ______,..,--1-2-, 1-28-i----s-- 1,410 [ 116. 26 i Births.~ln 1924 there were 12,128 births reported, an increase of 793 over 1923. The birth rate was 40.05 per 1,000 population, and the increase of births over deaths for the year was 187.75 per cent. Increased birth rates are noted for ·all cities and counties. Births by race Total Birth births rate Arn.erican, British, Ge.rman, Russian ______.______453 12. 93 =--::--:::::::::::: :::::: :: ::::::: ::::: :: ::::::: ::::: :: ::::::: :: 1, ~~ ~~: ~ iftfg:~:::::Hawaiian______:: :: :::: ,594 27. 80 Japanese 1______------______5,820 47. 33 Korean ____ ------258 45. li t!~~~~i!~aii:~~;i,.;;: :: :: ::: :::::::: :: :::::::::: :::: ::: :: :::: ::::: ::::: ::::: :: :: ::: : ;~i ~f: fl Portuguese ______------______I, 069 , 40. 21 Porto Rican______314 , 46. 36 iYf~~~:!!~~ ~::::::: ::: ::::: ::: : : : : : : : : : : : : :: ::: : : : : : : : : : : :: ::: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :=: l~I~~ 1 Reported to consulate, 4,493. Jfaternal rnortality.-There were a total of 64 deaths from puerperal causes during the year and a puerperal death rate of .5.10 per 1,000 births and stillbirths. ANNUAL REPORT OJ!' GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, W24 89 Maternal mortality by race ' f i Rate per ,! Rate per ' Total b11.'roooth< ii, Total 1,000 puerperal o puerperal births I: deaths and still- :/ deaths and still I · births :1 births i------'1------1 3 o. 24 ;' Caucasian-Hawaiian ______4 0.32 9 . 72 ,: Portuguese ______3 . 24 13 1. 04 i: Porto Rican ______1 .08 ltW~~~~~=~~====:=~~==~~::~=: 28 2.22· ------Korean ___ .. ______, 2 . Hi : Tota!______64 i 5.10 Asintie-Hawaiian ______·----· 1 . 08 ; I Twin births.-There were 102 twin births reported, as compared to 75 for 1923; of the above number, 15 were stillborn, an increase of 6 over the preceding year, having 189 living children. Of the total born, 91 were male and 113 female. Twin births by race, American______5 Caucasian-Hawaiian______3 British______1 Portuguese _____ - ______-' ______10 ·Chinese _____ .. ______6 Porto ~ican______5 Filipino______11 Russian______0 ·German______O Spanish______0 Hawaiian______10 Others______0 .Japanese.______42 Korean______3 Total ______204 Asiatic-Hawaiian ______:___ 6 Stillbirths.-There were 410 stillbirths during the year, and for 1923, :389; premature birth continued to be the principal cause, there being an increase of 1, as compared to 1923. Jfa.rriar1es.-The total number of marriages in the Territory was 3,186, an increase of 592. Marriages by cities and CO'tl,nties Total Marriap:e marriages rate ·( 'it-y of Honolulu ______--- ____ . __ ------.. ---.. - 1,991 20. 90 Oahu (outside of Honolulu) ______169 I 2. 86 ·City of Hilo ______--- __ . -_____ - _----- _- _------261 I 23.48 Hawaii County (outside of Hilo) ______217 I 4.55 Kalawao County ______., ______~- 10 I 17. 64 Kauai County ______mo 1 5. 71 Maui County______-______. __ ------288 · 6, 76 I Total. ______------'" ------a, 1s6 I 10. 52 Total number of records filed with bureau.was 19,996, while 69 volumes of certificates of births, deaths, and marriages were bound .and filed. Births______42 Deaths ______16 11arriages------~------11 The receipts for certified copies· of records during the year were :$10,D61, an increase over the previous year of $1,696. - 90 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 HEALTH OFFICER The routine of general health matters was carried out as in former years, except that it was necessary to give more attention to the vaccination of school children and to inspect for possible cases of trachoma. All eye cases that were in need of medical attention were referred to the Palama eye clinic, in this way leaving it to the eye specialist to make the diagnosis of trachoma and to give proper treat~ ment, supervised by the Palama nurses, who also assisted in checking up on vaccinations. During the year several trips were made to Ewa and Kahuku plantations to investigate outbreaks of epjdemic cerebrospinal menin gitis. In the month of January, 1924, an epidemic of this same trouble occurred among the school children of Lahaina, and the health officer accompanied the president of the board of health to assist in investigating the source of infection, which was traced to a. group of Filipino laborers recently arrived from the Philippine Islands. . In April Filipino strikers began arriving in Honolulu and vY ater town, finally establishing a large camp on Middle Street, Kalihi, which necessitated frequent visits to both places on the lookout for contagious diseases. A total of 4,420 school children were vaccinated during the year. Among the most important health questions affecting the com munity is the disposal of rubbish and garbage. This has been a local problem for many years and until an efficient method is inaugurated Honolulu will remain, in appearance, an unclean city, in spite of all efforts of the board of health to maintain the town in a sanito,ry condition. BUREAU OF SANITARY ENGINEERING Special attention has been given to potable water supplies, sewage· disposal, trade wastes, ini.pection of canneries, and the upkeep and repair of the buildings and equipment under the control of the board of health. A water laboratory has also been kept in operation and used to a limited extent. The following water supplies were investigated: Hawaii: Hilo City, Honokaa, Onomea Sugar Co., Halawa. Oahu: Honolulu City; Ewa Plantation, Kaneohe Village, Haleiwa, Waianae7 Boys' Industrial School, Kahuku; Kawailoa Ranch, Kuli- ouou; Niu; Mills School, Kahaluu; Mokuleia, Kailua, Waiau, Koko· Head. Kauai: Waimea, Kapaa, Kekaha, Hanalei, Moloaa. Maui: Hana. Lanai: Hawaiian Pineapple Co . . Sewage disposal.:.__The Waikiki sewer system is under construction and work should be completed within the next six months. The· Nuuanu stream nuisance will soon be abated with the completion of a new electric pumping station at Aala Park. A number of exten- · sions have been made in the Manoa district. The work of construc- ing a sewer system for W aipahu has commenced and should be com- pleted within the next year. A number of plantations have con structed modified types of flush sewer systems for their villages.. · ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 91 The sewage in these systems is ca:rried to a point of disposal satisfac tory to the bureau. Pineapple canneries.-The inspection of the pineapple canneries has contmued as in preceding years. The pack was the largest in the history of the industry and the sanitary conditions under which it was made, were by far the best on record. It is safe to say that the local canneries are the equal of any in the world as to food sanitation. PURE FOOD BUREAU A general summary of the work done by this department in Hono lulu is given in the following table: Inspection made by Honolulu o:fficiafa ______~------7,128 Total number of samples examined______3,474 Number of complaints investigated______66 Total number of violations reported______3,127 Visits to other isl!l,nds______2 Prosecutions instituted ______,_ 11 Hearings granted______-~______32 Written warnings sent ______,______86 Amount of food stuffs destroyed, tins ______61,074 Amount of food stuffs destroyed, pounds ______25,070 Dairy inspection.-Shortly after the adoption of the new dairy and milk regulations by the territorial board of health, at the beginning of the year, the organization of this department was somewhat mod ified so that practically all the dairy and milk inspection work on the island of Oahu was placed under the supervision of this bureau. A general campaign for better and safer milk and the consump tion of more milk was instituted, in which many citizens, organizations and the press took a very active part. · The greater portion of the time of this bureau has been devoted to the work of the dairy division. Field and analytical work was con ducted regularly throughout the whole year. Practically all the public dairies and milk plants on Oahu were systematically surveyed twice, scored once and frequently policed. Over 5,000 dairy inspec .tions were made, many of them during milking time. About 1,200 tests were made for sediment. Most of the determinations were made on milk directly from the pail, before straining, to check up the cleanliness of the individual milker and also to emphasize the fact that it is clean milk that is desired and not cleaned milk. The summarized result of these tests for the year are as follows: Thirty one samples rated very dirty, 120 samples rated dirty, 349 samples rated slightly dirty, 504 samples rated fairly clean, 210 samples rated clean. Veterinary certificates received during the year show that a total of 3,329 public dairy cows were tuberculin tested, of which 134 were found to be reactors. In one instance a herd of 37 cows showed 28 · with bovine tuberculosis. At the close of the year, the completed systematic·card surveys of the dairies on Oahu showed a total of 101 public dairies and five milk plants in operation. Approximately 2,065 cows were being milked, with a daily production of about 19,718 quarts of milk. This milk is delivered by about 40 dairy and plant distributors. 92 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OJ!° HAWAII, lff24 Food inspectors.-Inspections of various food handling places were as follows: ·r,ns O h . er - F1'rms ,--0--h- -· Fl I 0th ~~;:~ --~- islands a u islands I ------/ ------~----·----,----- Restaurants...... · . i 237 40 ' Street vendors...... ~--··! 14 0 ~ra~cierrrytctsrtwo,s·sehs·.· -.·.=.= ..· ..= ·.· ·.·._· :.· ..= __=: ..·:.· ..==:.· ·.· :.·/1 69 24 Dairy firms...... 5,047 14 G 00 _ _ ~ii 17g i g;~~i:ti~~sca~~iers:::::::::::::::1 §~ ~ Beverage firms ...... / 67 3 : :Miscellaneous ...... l~-~ Candy firms ...... , 35 6 f j Vegetable stands...... 69 O , TotaL ...... , 6,651 477 Fruit packers...... -----1~------~ /· _·----- .. _____ ·- ---··-_____ J__ _ Approximately ·1,168 adulterations, 53 mishrandings, and 1,906 faulty or insanitary practices were noted for correction and a number of prosecutions were carried out. Food and drug stuffs in Honolulu were condemned and destroyed as follows: I Products Tins Pounds Products / Tins Pounds ------/ -·-;---1- ,4, 748 161 Sirnps _ -·-·---·-----.. ·------! 58 331 7,14'5 99 Confections ...... I 0 73 u!Jit~~s::::::::::::::::::::; 3,235 4,560 665 100 36,691 12,174 0 20 Cereals.... ···-·· ...... --·· .. i 1 246 Pli:1::::::::::::::::::::::/ __3,872 ~f- 3,190 7 0 ~~~e~~~e:~~::: ::::::::: ::::::i 6 TotaL ...... / 61,074 25,070 Dairy products...... ··---··-·/ 4,646 I 4, Ilg I ! Food conditions on the outside islands were very satisfactory. Few violations or faulty practices, such as were noted on previous inspections, were encountered. On Hawaii 1,028 tins and 1,424 pounds of various foods were condemned and destroyed; 1,333,860 fish were examined at Waiakea, Hilo, and 131 were condemned; 116 samples of milk were collected and examined. The average of all the samples of butterfat was 4.2 per cent; for total solids 13 per cent, and for the official plate count 372,000. The median figure for counts being 240; 110 milk sediment tests were made, 3 samples rated dirty; 20 samples rated slightly dirty; 51 samples rated fairly clean and 26 samples rated clean; 13 miscellaneous examinations were made. On Maui 2,6,56 tins and 400 pounds were condemned and destroyed: 10 samples were submitted to the laboratory for analyses; 2 of poi and 8 of milk. The average fat test of the milk was found to be 3.7 per cent and 11.5 per cent for total solids. On Kauai 11,928 tins and 1,628 pounds of food were destroyed. Thirty samples of milk were submitted to the laboratory. The results of analyses show the average fat test to be 3.5 per cent and 11.8 per cent for total solids. SANITARY INSPECTORS Oahu .. -The sanitary inspectors' force carried out the regular routine of house to house inspections, mosquito work, inspection of vegetable gardens, hog ranches, dairies and places where foodstuffs are manufactured and sold. Inspectors were assigned to the various strikers' camps to see that they were kept clean and not overcrowded. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 £-3 Considerable progress was made in getting rid of insanitary, unsafe, dilapidated buildings. In this the sanitary fcrce received valuable cooperation from the deputy fire marshal and the Honolulu building inspector. One of the biggest problems of the sanitary inspector force has been the removal of garbage throughout the city. The city and county garbage department, which has charge of the collection of garbage, is not equipped with sufficient trucks to handle the garbage readily. The Hawaiian Contracting Co. (Ltd.) is installing the sanitary sewer system at Waikiki. About 70 per cent of the work has been completed. This work, when accomplished, will be a benefit to the entire city, as it will eliminate over 500 cesspools, which, in wet weather, are a menace to the health of the community. The con struction of the sanitary sewer system at W aipahu has been started, which is a much needed improvement. Property owners at W aipahu, abutting the new sewer system, are preparing to connect to it as soon as it is completed. The Oahu Sugar Co. is providing about half the village with an adequate supply of potable water, which is helping much in the campaign to put the village in sanitary condition. A very close inspection of all premises, where vegetables are raised for human consumption, has been made throughout the year. All vegetable gardeners are required to obtain a permit yearly from the board of health before they are allowed to operate their business. No permits have been refused as all premises have been found in a sanitary condition .. The entire inspector force was detailed to clean up all the grocery stores, restaurants, and places where foodstuffs are manufactured. Whenever dirty store premises were found and the owners were indifferent, they were made to close up and give their premises a thorough cleaning, before they were allowed again to carry on their business. The results have been very satisfactory. Considerable mosquito work was accomplished. Continuous rainy periods were the cause of numerous breeding places throughout the city. On several occasions, the entire inspector force was detailed to do mosquito work for weeks at a time to abate the nuisance. Hawaii.--Only one case of human plague was reported during the year, this case occuring September 22, 1923, in the person of a Japanese storekeeper at Honokaa village, and terminating fatally. This is the lowest record of human plague in the Hamakua district since the year 1909, for which year no cases were reported. . 'rhere were 13 cases of ro<;lent plague, a decrease of 10 as compared to 1923. Nine of these were obtained by trapping and four were found dead. · A total of 173,568 rodents was obtained during the year, of which 161,176 came from plantations and villages. There were 83 cases of typhoid reported during the year, which is the highest number for any year since 1918, except for the year 1921, when 84 cases occurred. ·or this number, 72 cases received hospital care and 11 were treated at home. A fatal termination was recorded in 15 cases. Patients cared for at the leper quarantine hospital, Hilo, Hawilii, during the year numbered 23. 11498-24t~7 . 94 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Patients cnred for and treated at Puumaile Home for tuberculosis during the year numbered 139. IC.:mcii.-The new camp at Mana has been complete'cl. This camp is rebuilt on much higher ground than the old camp and is well provided with concrete drains, toilets, and cement washing places. Camp 2, Hawaiian Sugar Co., has been rebuilt within the past year, and with the exception of the old cement· drains it is in fairly good condition. The old buildings of the barracks type have been demolished and rebuilt into mostly small one-family cottages. The camps of the McBryde Sugar Co. have been rebuilt from the old type of long buildings into small one-family cottages. Lihue plantation has built and completed a large number of cottages in the new mill can1p located near the Lihue Hospital. This carnn is well provided with cement washing places and toilet facilities. With but one exception the dairies have ·been rebuilt and are gen erally kept in good condition. All dairies are inspected about once in two months. Regular inspections were made of the summer and Kekaha plantation camps, situated on the Waimea watershed. Seven cases of typhoid were reported during the period, two of which terminated fatally. This is a great improvement over the number of cases reported annually for several years back. lVIore cases of diphtheria were reported than at a.ny time for several years past . ..Ma-ui.-There has been considCTable work done in plantation towns in the way of new buildings and the tearing down of old shacks. Much work has been done by the county in the different schools, in the way of new school buildings, teachers' cottages, and toilets, and buildings and grounds are in good condition. VENEREAL CLINIC The t.hird year's operation of the venereal clinic has been charac terized by a marked increase in the number of new cases that have reported for treatment. This clinic was established by the Territory primarily for the protection of the public with the end in view that, by rendering noninfective as many as possible of the indigent infected, the communicable factor of venereal disease would be materially re duced. But the Eatient is a free agent, and this accounts for a high percentage of "failures to report," which is, in itself, one of the great est obstacles in the eradication of venereal diseases. The total number of patients examined during the year were 461, of whom 195, or 42.3 per cent were declared positive. OAHU INSANE .ASYLUM The following statistical table shows the number of patients admitted, dischar~ed, and died: ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 95 Male I Female I Total ------1---1---r--~ Total number of patients under care and treatment June 30, 1923______317 ! 115 i 432 Patients on parole ______.______4 I 4 ; 8 321 , 1rn !' 440 Number of patients admitted during the year______96 1 42 138 Number of patients under treatment during year ______~j--1-61!~ Number of patients discharged recovered______24 7 j 31 Number of patients discharged improved______14 5 i 19 Number of patients died during the year______,______32 8 40 1 , 70 20 I oo The physical health of the inmates has been good. This can be attributed, in a large measure, to the liberty of the grounds given them. All inmates, if physically able, are taken out of doors every day. The principal articles of food were bread, beef, fresh fish, salmon, codfish, beans, poi, potatoes, cabbages, carrots, prunes, canned fruits, eggs, ham, bacon, fresh vegetables, tea and coffee, and fresh milk. Some of the male patients ar.e, for the most part, employed in cultivating taro, repairing buildings and caring for the grounds of the institution. During the year the female employees and patients made a con siderable amount of clothing for use in the institution. The use of the hydrotherapy department has been continued to the limit of its capacity. TUBERCULOSIS During the past 12 months the total number of registered cases of tuberculosis (all kinds) has been considerably increased, the present books showing 1,394 or -275 more than last year. There have been 577 persons examined at the clinics on Oahu for evidence of tuberculosis, 181 have been found sufficiently suspicious to warrant further observation, 10 have been found to have a tubercular in fection, and 62 have active tuberculosis. The following tables show statistical data concerning the work of this bureau: Cases by races Male Female Total American ______------26 13 39 British______3 3 iiRf~~~=---======:==== 1: :? z8~ 9~ 93 18~ ~~~~fan_=:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::Part-Hawaiian______20 38 58 Japanese ______· ------212 126 338 Korean______31 4 35 Porto Rican______10 6 16 4 l ~ Spanish______l~Y,Fu~~~ :: :: : : : :: ::: ::: :::: ::: ~:::::::: ::: :: : : : : : : : : : : : :: ::: :: : : : : : :: :: 3I ______-- _:~_I : 3 Others______3 1 j 4 Total. ______~1~1~ 96 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1[)24 Different forms of tuberculosis in new cases reported Pulmonary ______862 7 14 Abdominal_~~1~~itis_:- _:-:______======· ______======_ 32 Tuberculosis of the spine ______-----______- _ - __ _ 26 Tuberculosis of the joint ______- ______--.----- ~-- 32 Tuberculosis of the organs ______--______31 Total ______1,004 Cases by districts Male Female Total ------11------Honolulu______211 160 371 37 163 i!1:aic======M auL ______• _. ______• __ . _____ . ______.. ___ {~93 78 200 Kauai __ . ___ .. ______. ______._ .. __ .. ___ . ___ . ___ . 82 57 150 Molokai_ ____ . ___ . ______. ______.. __ . ______.______3 32 114 3 6 ---+-----I- Total______. ______- __ --_--- _____ . ______--- 637 367 1,004 PUBLIC HEALTH NURSES The' work of the nurses of the board of health has increased mate rially since, by act of the legislature in 1923, they became public health nurses, instead of tuberculosis nurses. Under the latter title, their efforts were confined to tuberculosis work alone, while as public health nurses, there is school work, the follow-up of all contagious diseases, welfare work, nutrition work, and baby clinics, as well as the supervision of tuberculosis cases. A chart showing comparisons will give a clearer picture of work accomplished during the past year. ------,--19-23_1~ Tuberculosis cases on nurses' records ___ c______718 961 Tuberculosis cases to hospitals______492 551 Visits made to tuberculosis cases_------9,096 11,82T Visits made to nontuberculosis cases______146 Births registered______1,583 315 Nutrition clinics started______1(), Hours given to clinic work in schools ______840 Medicines and disinfectants supplied patients------1,845 2,189, Mileage ______.______81, 939 119,709 LEPROSY The usual repair work was done on the buildings at Kalaupapa. The various homes have been under efficient management and the service given the inmates by the Catholic brothers and sisters sta tioned at the settlement is worthy of high praise. At the Baldwin Home, for boys and single men, a new radio outfit, presented by Hon. H. A. Baldwin, has been installed. Con certs from Honolulu and coast cities are received nightly and are a source of great pleasure to the inmates. Through the kindness of Mr. C. A. Brown and Dr. E. D. Kilbourne, radio loud speaking outfits have also been installed at Bay View ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924: 97 home, so that the inmates are now receiving nightly entertainments from Honolulu and the mainland. _These concerts are greatly en joyed by the 64 inmates who represent the most advanced cases at the settlement. On the night of April 7, the fishing sampan Ten Jin Maru went ashore on the point near the United States lighthouse and became a total wreck. The crew and two passengers were cared for at the superintendent's house and left during the forenoon of April 8 by the Pali trail. People of the settlement salvaged everything belong ing to the wreck. The board of health purchased the engine and other parts of the sampan. During the year considerable repair work was done on the Pali trail. Several new turns have been made, giving the cowboys more protection when driving cattle and greatly reducing the chance of loss. The following tables give- the number of inmates, etc., as of June 30, 1924: · Male Female Total ------[------Number of patients at settlement June 30, 1923 ______323 149 472 Number admitted from Kalihi Hospital during year______25 24 49 348 173 521 Number of deaths during the year______24 12 36 r----+-----t---- N umber of patients remaining at the settlement on June 30, 1924__ _ 324 • 161 485 Races of patients in the settlement Male Female Total American ______Belgian______1 1 1 1 Chinese_ . ______• _.... ______. ____ . _. 11 11 1 1 ~R~~~o:::: :: ::: :: :: : :::: ::: :: ::: :: : :: ::=: == :=: := :: :=: :=: ::=::=:: :: ==:::: 24 1 25 0 4 4 ii!~:~n-==::::==:::=:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 169 101 270 J" apanese ______.. ______. ______.. _____ . ______.. ___ . ______. __ .. . 28 . 4 32 Korean ______. __ ..•. ______... ______.. ____ . _____ . ___ . ____ .... ______.. . 13 0 13 Part-Hawaiian ______• ______. ____ .. ______. ____ ._. 53 43 96 Porto Rican ______. ______4 0 4 Portuguese. ______19 8 27 Total ____ .. ______. ______. ______. _____ . ______324 161 485 Children of leprous parents Male Female Total ------!------Number in nursery June 30, 1923______2 2 4 Births during the year______7 8 15 f----+----+---- 9 10 19 Transferred to boys and girls' home, Honolulu______2 3 5 Deaths during year______1 O 1 f----+----f----- 3 3 6 Number remaining in nursery June 30, 1924 ______6 7 13 98 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19'24 Number of patients at different, homes Male Female Total ------Baldwin Home ______.-----______Bishop Horne ______----- 44 0 44 Bay View llome ______0 40 40 56- .8 64 McVeigh Home ______---- 15 General HospitaL ______6 21 Outside ______26 9 35 183 98 281 Total______- ___ -___ ------• ------324 161 ·485 Patients admitted, released, etc., at Kalihi Hospital, Honolulu ------~---'----·----! __M_aI_e_ Female I Total Number of patients Kalihi llospital, June 30, 1923 ______83 621 145 Suspects admitted for examination ___ ------48 25 ! 73 Released on parole, reexamined ______24 21 I 45 TotaL ______- ______---______. ____ - ___ -- __ - _------155 108 ! 263 e====<====c= Suspects examined and declared not lepers ______1 0 l Released on parole, reexamined, and declared not lepers ______15 13 28 Reexamined and released on parole ______23 16 39 Transferred to settlement, Molokai______Deaths. ______25 24 49 6 1 7 70 54 I 124 Number of patien1'!l, Kalihi Hospital, June 30, 1924 ______.· 85 139· 54 I Total number of persons connected with.the leprosy establishment June 30, 1924 Male Female Total ------,------Leper settlement-Molokai: Superintendent, physician, and other well persons ______Kokuas (helpers) ______• ______27 51 N onleprous children ______;_ 20 32 Patients ______• ______6 13 324 485 Total __ .. ______•.. ------• ------377 204 581 1====4===ccl==== Kalihi llospital, Honolulu: ~~ii!~!;ns, matron, and assistants ______12 7 19 85 54 139 TotaJ ______l===97=/====6=1 c!===1=58 7 9 Kal~~~~~~;~~~~~t~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5~ I 0 50 TotaJ ______. ______. ___ . __ .. ______. ___ _ 521 7 59 Kapiolani Girls' llome, Honolulu: Matron and assistants ______7 8 Girls ______------· -- · ------67 67 TotaL. __ . ___ .. ______. --_. - __ . ---_------74 75 OffiiiJJir~o~g1u~Ierk______2 . 1 I 3 Physicians to boys' and girls' home ______1 0 1 Total. ____ • ______._. ______• ______• ______1------1------1 I 4 A~NUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19'24 99 Following is an extract from the annual report of the resident medical superintendent of Kalaupapa, Molokai: The period of this report shows an increase in the number of patients who are taking, in some form or other, the basic chaulmoogra-oil preparations for leprosy, as per the following tabulation: Intermuscularly: Ethyl esters plain and with 2 per cent iodine ______136 Chaulmoogra-oil compound (Heiser formula)______69 Per Orem: Fatty acids of the esters'derivatives______80 Chaulmoogra-oil, plain______150 Chaulmoogra-oil, compound______12 Inunction: Ethyl esters with 2 per cent iodine and 4 per .cent kalium iodide ______50 Number of patients on some form of chaulmoogra-oil treatment_ ___ 497 Frequent and earnest requests by numerous patients in the leper settlement, who were formerly on the plain oil in conjunction with strychnine, and which was begun here as early as 1903, resulted in acquiescence and action by President Trotter, who made arrangements for a regular supply. This is much appreciated by the older residents and patients, and the two closely related remedies are administered to respective patients simultaneously Mondays and Fridays of each week. Other internal medicinal remedies: Fowler's solution of arsenic; sodium cacodylate; pure cod liver oil; cod liver oil emulsion with hypophosphites; petroleum oil emulsion with hypophosphites; elixir iron, quinine, and strychnine phosphates; syrup hypophosphites comp.; methyl salicylate with salol; pill Bland comp. With the exception of the Fowler's solution, which is only given intermittently and is especially valuable in disease exac~rbations, the above remedies are a form of regular treatment in selected cases. Many of them overlap_ and supple ment the basic preparations of chaulmoogra oil, others energize and upbuild, increasing disease resistance and antibody activity, while finally, still others are selective and semispecific. Local remedies and measures.-Remedial measures in this class are numerous and important. Excluding only the most incipient cases, it is forcibly suggested that but for judicious and timely topical and other local treatment, including, of course, orificial and other indicated (and principally minor) surgery, the majo1·ity of releases on parole would stili be languishing behind the bars of disease imprisonment. The fortunate few but shining examples of disease eradication by local surgical and topical measures, lacking this timely inter ference, would have prolonged the toll of human suffering and perhaps added to statistics of incurables. Medical literature records and personal observation verifies the fact that leprosy is more frequently than otherwise primarily a local and only secondarily a systematic infection, and local measures are always indicated even after dit-;semination has occurred. But timely anticipation of this general hwasion and its arrest while initially superficial and circumscribed have been secured through surgical and other local measures. Some cases in point are as follows: (1) Upon the occasion of a recent visit to the leper settlement (June 20, 1924), Doctor Hasseltine, director of the U11ited States Leprosy Investigation Station, Ra1ihi, reported in a joint paper with myself to the United Statps Marine Hospital Service, on the case of "H. K.," ·on whom a leprous nodule, located on the left forearm, was excised at the age of 19 months, and who to-day, after a lapse of over 8 years, appears to be free from the disease. (2) Case of "P," reported in report of the president of the hoarci of health for 1912. Radiral surgical procedures alone effected a cure and the man is living an active and useful life outside the sett.lement. (3) "K. H .," in report for the same year, is reported as released on parole and probahl;1· cured by topical applieations. In t-he two ease~ cited above, over 12 years of immunity from recurrence of auy lesioE8 demonstrate~ the au t,hentieitv of the cures. The al)ove, therefore, emphasizes and points to the fact that the key to success ful cra.dieation of leprnsy on these islands lies in early diagnosis and consequent early treatment. minimizing at once (a) individual systemic infection at a stage of the disease when it is, as shown above, suseeptible to simple curative measures, and (b) family and community contagion and resultant dissemination. 100 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Sarne valuable local rernedies.-Among numerous useful local remedies the follo,ving have proved especially valuable: Semerak or thoradin paste; zinc chloride pastes; zinc chloride in 10 per cent solution; trichloracetic acid; chromic acid; phenol; salicylic and pyrogallic acids in oil bases, and electrotherapy. Bathing facilities are provided in the institutional homes and at the Kalaupapa bath house, where plain hot and medicated soap baths are supplied. Tar soap is distributed as required, also sulphur bath compound. After the hot bath, many patients are supplied with, and advised to thoroughly rub in, the ethyl esters compound with 2 per cent iodine and 4 per cent kalium iodide. In a case in Baldwin Home showing marked thermal and tactile anaesthesia extending from below the knees to and including the feet, sensation has been almost entirely restored. Restoration of sensation in this case is attributed to the inunction and accompanying massage, rendered more efficacious by the softness of the skin and its more absorbent quality induced by the bath. Dr. F. J. Pinkerton. oculist, made a two weeks' professional visit to Kalaupapa accompanied by Miss Reed, a graduate nurse on the staff of the Queen's Hospital. Almost all of the numerous patients suffering from eye complications of the disease visited the doctor at the Wilcox memorial dispensary, where he held his daily clinics, and many were greatly benefited. I believe that regular periodi cal visits of the oculist would be of signal benefit to the patients here and be greatly appreciated by them. Penirnmlar segregation on Molokai, enforced of necessity on the patients at Kalaupapa, spells somber isolation, but it also spells fortunate immunity from many dangerous contagious diseases. While diphtheria, scarlet fever, typhoid fever, and many other potentially fatal mal>i,(lies stalk the "free land of outside," none of them have entered here. Whooping cough, measles, and even chickenpox are and ever have been unknown. Influenza seems to have an insidious and penetrating quality in the dissemination of its contagium,. which apparently defies all known laws of prophylaxis. Nursling hospital.-Since its inception in 1908, this most practical and unique of institutions has constantly demonstrated its incalculable benefit. Infants are segregated here as soon as born., and during the period since 1908 to the present time, 247 infants have been mothered and cared for for periods of from six months to a year or more. Of these 66 have died. Considering that infants are immediately removed from their mothers and must of necessity be reared on artificial diet during the most critical period of their existence, the, number who have survived makes a favorable sho"\\ing indeed. Also it may be noted that the fact that only one of all these, "H. K.," reported in another section of this article, has shown signs of the disease, is not only most gratifying but remarkable. W. J. GooDHUE, M. D., Resident Medical Superintendent, Kalaupapa, Molokai. Report of the attending physician, Kalihi Hospital The following statistical table shows the changes in census during the year: Patients in Kalihi Hospital, July 1, 1923 ______145 AdmittedNew casesto Kalihi______Hospital during year ------72 89 Returned paroled cases______17 Paroled from Kalihi Hospital during the year ______39 Died in Kalihi Hospital during year______7 Transferred to settlement ______- _ - ____ - __ - ______49 Patients in Kalihi Hospital June 30, 1924 ______139 Official examinations made at Kalihi Hospital______118 Number declared lepers ______- ______--- - _ - -- _ ------__ - - 89 J\ ew cases ______----- ____ - _ - __ __ _ 72 Returned paroled cases______17 Number declared not lepers ______- _ ------_ ------_ 29 Suspects______1 Paroled cases examined and declared not lepers _____ - ______28 Births in Kalihi Hospital during year ______- ______2 Number of intramuscular injections given ______7,737 Number of minor surgical operations performed ______8,083 Number of bacteriological examinations made ______653 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1024 101 Examinations and admissions.-One hundred and eighteen official examina tions were made, five more than in the preceding year. Eighty-nine were -declared lepers and admitted to the hospital. Seventy-two were new cases .aud 17 had formerly been in segregation and paroled. Releases.-Twenty-nine were declared not lepers, all but one of these being paroled patients who have been on parole from 4 to 12 years and remain free -0f evidence of active leprosy. Paroles.-During the year, 39 patients received paroles-7 in September, 1923; 15 in November, 1923; 4 in February, 1924; and 13 in May, 1924. Transfers.__:_In January, 1924, 49 patients were transferred to the Molokai settlement. Twenty of this number were transferred for disciplinary reasons, 10 .at their own request, and 19 were advanced cases that yielded to treatment ~~- . Deaths.-Seven deaths occurred in Kalihi Hospital during the year, 4 being -due to tuberculosis, 1 to suppurative hepatitis, 1 to nephritis, and 1 to suicide. Treatment,-All patients have received treatment, except those whose physical condition made it inadvisable to attempt a treatment as severe as the injection -of chaulmoogra derivatives. During the year s:rp.all groups have received various modified treatments, the basis of these being ethyl esters of the fatty acids of chaulmoogra oil. Another small group has received the ethyl esters of the acids present in the oil expressed f.rom gorli seed, an oil resembling chaulmoogra oil chemically. Another small group has been placed on the thymol and cod-liver -oil treatment, reported to have given good results in Java. Thus far, none of these treatments have "shown any advantage over our "standard treatment"; that is, mixed ethyl esters of the fatty acids of chaulmoogra oil with 1 per cent of iodine added. During the year, the maximum dose of the esters was reduced from 5 cc. to 3 cc., apparently with good results. Observations had led us to believe that there was a possibility of overtreatment, and therefore a reduced -dose was tried. Since this change was made, several that had remained station :ary for some time have improved, and the outlook for those in the hospital, con sidered as a whole, is better now than at any time in the past three years. Paroled cases.-! am glad to report that those paroled patients, whose paroles require them to report at Kalihi Hospital for observation and treatment, have :shown improvement in their reporting. During the year, 2,320 injections were ,given to paroled patients, as against 1,898 injections in the fiscal year 1923 and ·2,146 in 1922. One year ago, I stated that a few did not report and seemed to willfully neglect or refuse to do so. Some of these 1have been brought in for -examination and a majority have been held in the hospital on account of active leprosy. I feel that the unexplained failure of a paroled patient to report accord ing to the terms of parole for any appreciable period calls for investigation of the patient at once. · In the ·past two years I have given a table showing the chronology of the relapsed paroled cases by· years. This table is again given below, corrected up to July 1, 1924. This table includes all persons receiving paroles in the Terri tory, as it is impracticable to separate the groups into those paroled from Kalihi .and those paroled from the leper settlement. Calendar year of relapse Calendar ·1 Num- j I 1924 year of ber pa-: 1916 1917 1918 1 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 (to Total parole I roled i [ July 1) 1912 ______i 6 !______·______! 1 -----·-- --~---·------. 1 Total_ 377 I 2 4 J 1 I 2 4 18 16 [ 20 1 \ 74 1 102 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAIIJ 1!124 Dr. George Huddy, the dentist employed by the board of health, spent nearly four months,at the hospital attending to the dental needs of the patients. His work has been highly beneficial to all receiving attention at his hands, particu larly to newly admitted patients, who have had little, if any, dental attention prior to their entering segregation. · Dr. F. J. Pinkerton has consulted with the medical staff on several cases requiring the services of an oculist and has operated on several cases in which such treatment was indicated. · The University o(Hawaii has continued its cooperation on the manufacture of ethyl esters and the prosecution of chemical research. The patients of Kalihi Hospital have continued their cooperation with the medical officers in the prosecution of therapeutic and experimental work. The ge4eral response of the patients to suggested changes in their treatment, hoping to find some improved remedy, has been admirable. As in the past,_ Mrs. Bessie Clinton, matron and resident executive officer of Kalihi Hospital, has done all in her power to aid and assist the medical officers in their work. I am also mindful of the assi&tance and support which the Territorial board of health has given us in all matters connected with leprosy in the Territory. Particularly do I wish to acknowledge the courtesies and assistance received from the superintendent and the resid,ent physiciarn of the leper settlement, the· bureau of vital statistics, which has helped in furnishing information from its records, and the leper officer, who has frequently rendered aid in many ways. Lastly, I wish to record my appreciation of the coutesies and cooperation of the president and secretary of the board of health in executive mattern. This will be my last report, as I am under orders that will soon take me away from Hawaii. In addition t.o acknowledging thEl ail:!, support, and courtesies accorded me, I wish to state that the three years spent here will always be looked back upon with pleasure. The progress in the battle against leprosy in. Hawaii will be followed by me with great interest, and it is my hope that the Holution of the problem is not far distant.. · H. E. HASSELTINE, Surgeon, United States Public Health Sen•ice, Attending Physi~ian, Kalihi Hospital. UNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE Toward the close of the last fis'cal year a conference was held with representatives of the chamber of commerce and various shipping interests regarding modification in the inspection system of vessels from domestic Pacific coast ports. It was explained that sanitary conditions were such that there appeared little necessity for the continuance of the existing system, if transportation companies were willing to meet certain requirements. An agreement was reached whereby vessels engaged exclusively in trade between the Hawaiian Islands and mainland ports o.f the United States were exempted from further quarantine inspection, provided such vessels carried a medical officer, attended to the vaccination of crew and steerage passengers, and made prompt report of cases of communi cable diseases occurring on board. This modification became effec tive July 1, 1923, and remained in force until February 13, 1924, when the outbreak of smallpox in southern California again necessi tated quarantine inspection. Thirteen cases of quarantinable diseases on 10 separate vessels were noted during the year. Five of these cases -were leprosy. In the eight remaining cases, the disea:,e was smallpox, developing on six separate vessels. . A determined effort has been made during the year to obtain the successful vaccination of the crews of all vessels entering J)Orts in the Hawaiian Islands. To this end regular inspection of the per sonnel of all arriving vessels has been made, and in those instances ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 103 where a satisfactory scar was not present vaccination has been per formed. A. total of 990 vaccinations, mostly on tramp vessels, have been performed by this office, but in addition the ships' surgeons of the various lines, in compliance with orders, have immunized several times this number. It is believed that the personnel of vessels on regular voyages to Hawaiian Island ports are now 100 per cent vaccinated. As illustrating the necessity for action of this character, mention should be made of the fact that three known instances have occurred during the year of smallpox developing on vessels after their depar ture from this port. In the first case, the infection was contracted in a mainland city of the United States. The patient was in good health upon arrival at quarantine, but became ill the day of his departure for the coast. A. second instance was that of a musician on a trans-Pacific vessel who came down with the disease four days after his depa.rture from Honolulu. A. secondary case resulted and was removed at Manila. The thitd patient arrived from a mainland city in apparent good health, remained at a Honolulu hotel for a week, a portion of which time he was in the eruptive stage of the disease, took passage for his return, and was diagnosed as smallpox the second day out. Efforts also have been made during the year to secure the vaccina tion, when conditions indicated, of a larger proportion of incoming passengers. There are still people, although their number is small, who visit the Orient without ever having been successfully vacci nated. Health authorities regard these persons as a menace to other communities. The same statement holds true for the unvaccinated who travel from any endemic smallpox area and arrive at their destination within 14 days from the date of departure. The unusual prevalence of smallpox in southern California dis tricts during the spring months necessitated restrictive measures at this port. A. system was established whereby unvaccinated persons coming from smallpox districts reported daily at the quarantine office. By this system it was hoped to accomplish two purposes: First, to obtain immediate notification should a case of tlie disease develop, and, secondly, to encourage vaccination. The latter object was not attained, chiefly owing to the fact that the steamship com panies were negligent in notifyin_g prospective passengers of the desirability of such action, but also because of the reluctance of seafarers to undergo vaccination at the beginning of a voyage. On several vessels coming directly from ports where smallpox was present in epidemic form as high as 20 per cent of the passengers were found not to be vaccinated. The situation was such that it seemed advisable to lay the facts before ·the Territorial board of health for such action as was deemed warranted. That body issued a regulation, approved by the governor, to the effect that passengers embarking at Pacific coast ports must have been successfully vac cinated, or in lieu thereof were subject to detention to complete 14 days from the date of sailing. The Territorial board of health re quested that this office enforce this regulation. Similar requirements had been set forth covering passengers from foreign ports, and the two orders became effective on June 21. The effect of these orders was immediate, and the number of nonvaccinated passengers dropped 104 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 19'24 to zero. While some complaint was made regarding such rigorous measures, on the whole, but little opposition was encountered, and a surprisingly large number of passengers, even among the unvac cinated, expressed their approval. The geographical position of the Hawaiian Islands is such that it is feasible to debar many exotic infections at ports of entry. Serious economic losses have been sustained by the introduction of such foreign pests as the Mediter ranean fruit :fly, the mongoose, the mosquito, the so-called Japanese beetle, the leaf hopper, and it is not strange that the community has come to recognize that reasonable measures of precautions are justmed. . Aid has been rendered the Territorial board of health in the prep aration of media, as heretofore. The rodent work has continued to be performed in cooperation with the board of health. Four part-time trappers have been employed. The 10,606 rodents taken were classified as follows: Mus alexandrinux, 2,531; mus rattus, 1,328; mus norvegicus, 1,672; mus musculous, 5,093; mongoose, 72. None were found to be plague infected. NATIONAL GUARD OF HAWAII Organizations.-The Hawaii National Guard is organized under the provisions of the national defense act of the National Congress into units as prescribed by the Secretary of War and allotted to the Territory of Hawaii by the War Department at Washington. This allotment is as follows: Island of Oahu: Headquarters of the Hawaii National Guard, Adjutant General's Department, Inspector General's Department, Judge :Advocate General's Department, Quartermaster Corps, Ordnance Department, Medical Department, one regiment of Infantry, less two (or more) companies to be stationed on the island of Kauai. Island of Hawaii: One regiment of Infantry, less one battalion. Island of Maui: One battalion of Infantry. Island of Kauai: Two to five companies of Infantry. During the fiscal year the guard has increased from 64 officers, 1 warrant officer, 1,306 enlisted men, to 74 officers, 1 warrant officer, and 1,409 enlisted men, a total gain of 10 officers and 103 enlisted men. Nineteen officers have been discharged from the guard for various reasons and 818 · enlisted men have been discharged for the usual military reasons, which do not include those whose terms of service expired. The Hawaii National Guard is a little more than 50 per cent organized under the allotments as now prescribed. Great efforts are being used to bring the organizations to the strength authorized by the War Department. The present organizations of the Hawaii National Guard. with stations and personnel, are as follows: ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOit OF HAWAII, 19'M 105 Enlisted Organization Station Officers men ------Staff corps and departments______Ronolulu, Oahu ______8 25 Regimental headquarters, Two Hundred and Ninety- eighth Infantry____ ------"------______do ______5 ------Headquarters Company, Two Hundred and Ninety- eighth Infantry______do ______2 67 Service Company, Two Hundred and Ninety-eighth Infantry'------______· ___ do ______3 63 Howitzer Company, Two Hundred and Ninety- eighth Infantry ______do ______1 59 Medical detachment, Two Hundred and Ninety- eighth Infantry ______do ______4 31 Two Hundred and Ninety-eighth Infantry: First Battalion- Headquarters Company and headquarters ______do ______3 33 Company A ______------_____ do ______3 65 Company B_ ------_____ do ______3 68 Company c ___ ------_____ do ______3 66 Second Battalion,- Headquartcrs Company and headquarters ______do ______3 39 Company E ______do ______2 62 3 67 2 60 i:::::::::::::::'::::::::::::::::::: 8!~~=:::::::::::: 3 67 Third8~:~:~~ Battalion- :i~;f~~' Headquarters Company ______Hilo, Hawaii______2 40 Company r______Honomu, HawaiL ______2 62 Company L______Aiea, Oahu ______3 78 Company M ______Hilo, Hawaii______2 67 Two Hundred and Ninety-ninth Infantry: Company A ______Lahaina, Maui______3 67 Company c______Paia, Maui ______3 65 Company D ------Wailuku, MauL ______2 61 Company F ------Hilo, Hawaii______3 68 Company Q ______Olaa, Hawaii______3 62 Company L ______Honokaa, Hawaii______3 67 Total reserve officers ______------______11 1 One warrant officer additional. Two companies of the National Guard were disbanded and Federal recognition withdrawn by the War Department, through a lack of attendance at drills and camps of instruction by the members of the organizations. The organizations disbanded were Company L, W aimea, Hawaii, March 5, 1924, and Company K, Kohala, Hawaii, June 30, 1924, both Two Hundred and Ninety-eighth Infantry. A new company was organized at Aiea, Oahu, to replace Company L. Five new companies have been mustered into the service during the past year as follows: Company F, Two Hundred and Ninety-ninth Infantry, stationed at Hilo, Hawaii. Federally recognized March 7, 1924. Company L, Two Hundred an<;l Ninety-eighth Infantry, stationed at Aiea, Oahu. Federally recognized April 13, 1924. Company L, Two Hundred and Ninety-ninth Infantry, stationed at Honokaa, Hawaii. Federally recognized April 20, 1924. Company C, Two Hundred and Ninety-ninth Infantry, stationed at Paia, Maui. Company G, Two Hundred and Ninety-ninth Infantry, stationed at Olaa, Hawaii. Federal recognition has not as yet been received for Companies C and G, as these companies were inspected and mustered at practically the end of the fiscal year. The guard shows a net gain of four com panies of Infantry during this period. There are at present four new companies being organized, and it is expected that they will be mustered into the service before the end of the calendar year 1924. 106 ANNUAL R.EPOR.T OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 Armory instruction.--There are now in the Regular Army per sonnel of instruction with the National Guard one lieutenant colonel, two captains, one first lieutenant, and three sergeants, all of the Infantry branch of the service. Schools for officers of the organiza tions stationed in Honolulu are held one evening per week under the supervision of the Regular Army instructors. Schools and corre spondence instruction are being organized on the other islands to be supervised by Regular Army instructors. Camps of ,£nstruct,ion.-Ten overnight camps of instruction were held throughout the islands, the larger ones being conducted on the Punchbowl target range by the organizations stationed on Oahu. Three annual field training encampments of 15 days mch were held as follows: Island of Maui, September 15-'..W, 1923; iRland of Hawaii, November 14-28, 1923; island of Onhu, October 15-29, 1923. The total number of men attending these\ Hi-day rncampments was 991. Rifle practice and tar[tet ranges.-Enthusiasm in all branches of marksmanship has taken renewed interest mainly owing to the fact that a rifle team of 16 members will be sent to the natiorrn,l nrntctH'S at Camp Perry, Ohio, during the month of September, 192-L This will be tho first rifle team from Hawaii representing the guard in nine years. An excellent demonstration of how greatly the l'viilitia Bureau believes in encouraging target practice is shown by the recent allotment to the guard of $15,.547 for improvements of the Punchbowl target range and $800 for rppairs to the Hilo range. q-allery practice has bceen held throughout the year by all organiza t10ns. Armorie.s.-The following armories are owned by the Territory of Hawaii: Honolulu Armory, main construction, concrete; Hilo Armory, main construction, frame; Kohala Armory, main construc tion frame; Honomu Armory, main construction, frame; Wailuku Armory, main construction, frame; Lahaina Armory, main construc tion, frame; Kapaa Armory, main construction, frame. · The armory at Lihue, Kauai, is owned, as is also the ground upon which it is situated, by the County of Kauai, and was formerly leased to the National Guard. This armory lease lapsed in the spring of 1918, when the Fourth Hawaiian Infantry was consolidated and mus tered into the Federal service. In addition to the armories listed above, units of the guard are using the following armories, which are leased to the Territory for a period of three years at an annual rental of $1 per year each: Honokaa Plantation Armory, construction, frame; Olaa Plantation Armory, construction, frame. In addition to the above listed armories, units of the guard are at present occupying the following armories, which are loaned to the Territory and for which the Territory is now endeavoring to secure signed leases: Aiea Plantation Armory, frame construction; W aipahu Plantation Armory, frame construction; Paia Plantation Armory. frame construction. ANNUAL REPO'RT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 107 UNITED STATES INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE The total amount of money collected in the Territory of Hawaii by the l'nited States Internal Revenue Service since the organization of the Territorial government is $77,943,769.38. Total disbursements during the_ same period, including salaries, incidental expenses, and refunds, have been $613,095.93, leaving net collections of $77,330,- 673.45. Internal-revenue receipts and disbursements, fiscal years 1923 and 1924 1923 1924 Corporation income taY ______$2, 107, 991. 42 $3, 530, 478. 14 Individual incon1e tax ______1,374,464.74 1, 459, 403. 86 Copital stock tax ___ ------· ______260,596.31 297,155.69 }'etate t-ax . ------59,040.80 134,679.05 'l'oharco (collections on lists) ______. ______1,670.00 22. 62 Prohibition-narcotics ______5,114.63 17,492.28 Collections on lists (miscellaneous) ______463. 26 31,540.53 'Tobacco .. __ -- ___ ------·------5,020.47 5,287.66 Cigars and t•igarettes------·------______549. 98 1,244.09 Speninl taxes. regular ______.------··------______354.17 2!9. 67 1 1 38,197.44 38,586.58 15. 30 15. 75 Vt~~~N arc•otic ~~~~~;· starnps r~ 1~ri~ ______;~~·n:?: ======------~------======18.68 27. 40 Document-ary stamps. ______71,036.28 60,429.10 Doeurnentary stamp~, stork transfer. __ ------2,090.82 1,029.50 Playing cnrd stamps __ ------·- ______2,539.36 2,645.92 TransJH;rtation tai;: ______18,247.62 18,442.27 l\lanufacturers' exf·ise tax .. ______7,460.03 7,899.19 r onsumers' excise tax ______30,010.89 33,601.95 Beverage tax (nonaleoholie). ------11,713.82 13,952.00 127,046.45 141,059. 70 (~ i~~~;~:~3.s dI~~i.~ii;~_ :t~~: == = = =: ======: == = = =: === =:::: ==:: ======345. 00 'Total receipts ______-··------4,123,987.47 5,795,242.95 Total disbursements, including salaries, incidental expenses, and refunds_ 59,012.01 62, W2. 72 e------f------Xet reccipis ______------4,064,975.46 5,732,950.23 Special tax stamps and certificates of registry, 1923 Corporations (capital stock) ______429 Retail liquor dealers ______11 Retail dealer in uncolored oleomargarine ______1 Manufacturers of playing cards ______:.. ____ _ 3 Manufacturer of cigars ______1 Manufacturers of sirups ______259 Dealer in leaf tobacco ______1 Theaters ______------· - 102 Brokers ______12 Public exhibitions, proprietors of______23 Wholesale dealer in denatured alcohol______1 Licensed organizations to collect foreign income ______24 Brokers, stock, produce, or merchandise ______41 Brokers, customhouse ______8 Brokers, ship ______5 Brokers, pawn ______3 Theaters, $?;5 ______59 Theaters, $50 ______25 Theaters, $75 ______5 Theaters, $100 ______3 Theaters, $150 ______8 Theaters, $200 ______8 Public exhibitions ______41 Billiard and pool tables ______422 Shooting galleries ______4 Passenger automobiles for hire (seating capacity of 7 and under) ______1,695 Passenger automobiles for hire (seating capacity over 7) ______69 108 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1!}24 Pleasure boats ______.______._____ 2' Manufacturer of cigars, at $4______1 Importers, manufacturers, etc., of narcotics______4 Wholesale dealers in narcotics______10·· Retail dealers in narcotics______17 Practitioners, hospitals, of narcotics_------215 Dealers in untaxed narcotic preparations______115· TotaL ______3, 627' WEATHER BUREAU The total number of cooperative stations has decreased from 234 to 232. This decrease occurred through the discontinuance of cooperation by the United States Geological Survey at Kalihiwai and Puu Lua on the Island of Kauai. ' The Midway Island observations have been continued without interruption, and supplies are furnished to the Fanning Island sta tion by this office. A continuous record of evaporation was maintained at Hoaeae (upper) and Maunawili stations, of sunshine at the privately equipped Honokaa station, wind velocities from the Hawi Mill station, and barometric pressure from Hilo. The volcano observatory at Kilauea and the United States magnetic station at Ewa have contributed notes on earthquakes recorded by their instruments. Beginning with the July, 1923, number of the Monthly Climato logical Data, about 52 stations were added to the supplemental table, and these records were used along with the others in computing· monthly averages. The Annual Summar_y of Climatological Data for the year 1923- which was issued on March 13, 1924, did not contain temperature, rainfall and wind charts as heretofore, but in lieu thereof the Annual Summary for the Honolulu station was printed. Practically no change was made in the Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin which was published throughout the year. Excerpts from this bulletin are published by the Honolulu Advertiser, the Star Bulletin, and the Honolulu Times. It was broadcast by local news papers during the year. The manner in which ship observers continue to send weather reports by radio to this station is very gratifying. From these re ports a daily summary covering the weather conditions over the north Pacific Ocean is issued daily except for Sundays and holidays. Forecasts for the Hawaiian Islands are made daily, except Sundays. and holidays, and they are regularly published by the Honolu'!u newspapers. This forecast is broadcast by one of the local news papers and by the naval communication service each day at noon. Yours respectfully, w. R. FARRINGTON, Governor of Hawaii. APPENDIX A TERRITORIAL REGISTER AND DIRECTORY (As of August 15, 1924) TERRITORIAL OFFH!IALS EXECUTIVE Wallace R. Farrington, governor. Raymond C. Brown, secretary. John A. Matthewman, attorney general. Henry C. Hapai, treasurer. C. T. Bailey, commissioner of public lands. Lyman H. Bigelow, superintendent of public works. W. E. Givens, superintendent of public instruction. Thomas Treadway, auditor. W. E. Wall, surveyor. John C. Lane, high sheriff. Dr. F. E. Trotter, president of the board of health. C. S. Judd, executive officer, board of agriculture and forestry. Perry M. Smoot, adjutant general. John F. Stone, private secretary to the governor. DELEGATE TO CONGRESS William P. Jarrett. JUDICIAL E. C. Peters, chief justice supreme court. Antonio Perry, associate justice supreme court. Alexander Lindsay, jr., associate justice supreme court. · Frank Andrade, first judge, first circuit. Ray J. O'Brien, second judge, first circuit. James J. Banks, third judge, first circuit. John R. Desha, judge, division of domestic relations, first circuit. Daniel H. Case, judge second circuit, W ailuku, Maui. J. W. Thompson, j11dge third circuit, Kailua, Hawaii. Homer L. Ross, judge fourth circuit, Hilo, Hawaii. W. C. Achi, jr., judge fifth circuit, Lihue, Kauai. LEGISLATURE, 1923 Senate.-Lawrence M. Judd, John Lucas, James IC Jarrett, Robert W. Shin gle, William H. Mcinerny, William M. Ahia, E. A. K. Akina, Stephen L. Desha, Robert Hind, W. C. Vannatta, Antone F. Tavares, H. W. Rice, P. J. Goodness, Charles A. Rice, J. A. Kealoha. House.-Clarence H. Cooke, G. P. Wilder, F. D. Lowrey, T. H. Petrie, R. A. Vitousek, George H. Holt, jr., E. K. Fernandez, J. C. Anderson, H. J. Auld, W. J. Coelho, W. K. Hussey, Evan da Silva, Thomas Pedro, jr., G. H. Vicars, R. W. Filler, Francis K. Aona, Emil M. Muller, D; K. Hayselden, C. K. Still man, jr., R. Wilhelm, Levi L. Joseph, Manuel G. Paschoal, J. W. Kalua, William A. Clark, C. K. Farden, John Ferrefra, J. H. Coney, J. de C. Jerves, S. W. Meheula, Albert R. Cunha. MISCELLANEOUS COMJl!ISSION ON PUBLIC ACCOUNTANCY Harold G. Dillingham, chairman; Henry A. Baldwin, James W. Lloyd, Charles G. Heiser, Julain R. Yates. 11498-24t-8 109 110 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR. OF HAWAII, 1004: TERRITORIAL BOARD OF ACCOUNTANCY Adolf F. Bauman, Ernest H. Cameron, H. Douglas Young. BOARD OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY A. L. C. Atkinson, president; Arthur H. Rice, George G. Fuller, Thomas E. Wall, H. M. von Holt, C. S. Judd, executive officer. BOARD OF APPRAISERS Oahu.-J. E. O'Connor, F. E. Steere, William H. Hoogs. Hawaii.-James Henderson, Benjamin Rose, Alexander M. Desha._ Maui.-W. F. Pogue,· Frank Sommerfeld, Frank Stark. Kauai.-Elmer M. Cheatham, J. H. Morangne, E. H. W. Broadbent. BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF PUBLIC ARCHIVES Raymond C. Brown (chairman ex officio), Sanford B. Dole, A. G. M. Robertson, Stephen H. Mahaulu, acting librarian. COMMISSIONERS OF BOTJNDARIES First judicial circuit.-Arthur C. Alexander. Second judicial circuit.-Daniel H. Case. Third judicial circuit.-John Albert Matthewman.· Fourth judicial circuit.-W. H. Smith. Fifth judicial ;ircuit.-Lyle A. Dickey. CHILD-WELFARE BOARDS Oahu.-Emil Berndt, Richard A. Cooke, Mrs. Mary E. Alexander, Percy G. H. Deverill, Mrs. Alice Hastings Cooke. Hawaii.-Father F. Louis, Rev. Ernest G. Silva, Mrs. D. D. Wallace, J. Lamb Doty, Louise A. Cogswell. · Maui.-Mrs. Ethel S. Baldwin, Dr. William :Q. Baldwin, Charles A. Puck, Mrs. W. Weddick, F. B. Cameron, William H. Hutton. Kauai.-Miss Elsie Wilcox, Mrs. A. R. Glaisyer, Judge C. B. Hofgaard, A. Englehard, Dr. Lawrence L. Patterson. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION FOR CLASSIFIED SERVICE OF BOARD OF HEALTH J. W. Futerer, T. J. Fitzpatrick, A. K. Hanchett. COMPILATION COMMISSION A. F. Judd, W. F. Frear, E. C. Peters. COMMISSIONERS OF DEEDS California, Lester Ball; New York, Frederick H. Sieberth, Charles F. Wilcox; Pennsylvania, Louis Karstaedt; Washington, D. C., G. S. Grossman; Province of Quebec, Canada, Adolph Michelson, William Peter Duval; Montreal, Quebec, Malcolm MacGregor Campbell. BOARD OF DENTAL EXAMINERS Dr. F. H. Branch, Dr. 0. E. Wall. BOARD OF REGISTRATION OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS, ARCHITECTS, AND SURVEYORS Thomas J. McGrath, Charles H. Kluegel, Gardiner B. Wilkins, Louis E. Davis, Arthur Reynolds, Robert D. King, George F. Wright. ENTERTAINMENT COMMITTEE Gov. Wallace R. Farrington, Wm. P. Jarrett, Gerrit P. Wilder, Stephen L. Desha, sr., Lawrence M. Judd. FAIR COMMISSION Richmond M. Schofield, H. B. Penhallow, A. H. Case, L. W. Bryan, ·Horace Johnson. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAll)_ l!}2.4 11:J: FARM LOAN BOARD OF HAWAll John Albert Matthewman, C. T. Bailey, Henry C. Hapai. COMMISSIONERS OF FENCES Oaliu.-Honolulu: J. A. Beaven, A. F. Clark, Eli J. Crawford. Ewa and Waianae: C. A. Brown, E. 0. White. Waialua: Ruel Kinney. Hawaii.-North Kona: J. Kaelemakule, T. Silva, A. S. Wall. South Kona: A. Haile, E. K. Kaaua, L. P. Lincoln. Kau: G. Campbell, G. J. Becker, J. T. Nakai. North Kohala: E. K. Akina, E. K. Kanehailua, W. S. May. South Kohala: J. K. Kanehaku, J. S. Lemon. Puna: Henry J. Lyman, G. D. Supe. Hamakua: A. L. Moses, W. J. Rickard, J. K. White. South Hilo: Herbert Ahuna, R. T. Forrest, A. J. Williamson. Maui.-Makawao: J. G. Freitas, William Henning, Robert von Tempsky. Molokai: H. R. Hitchcock, James G. Munro, S. Fuller. BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS Dr. A. L. Dean, Chairman; Henry M. Whitney, C. E: S. Burns, Howard W. Laws, C. H. Edmonson. . BOARD OF HARBOR COlDllSSIONERS L. H. Bigelow (chairman ex officio), Sherwood M. Lowrey, James Win,ne, J~mes Wakefield, James L. Friel. · BOARD OF HEALTH Dr. Frederick E. Trotter, president; John A. Matthewman (ex officio), D. S. Bowman, Dr. Paul Withington, Joseph Ordenstein, E. A. Mott-Smith, G. P. Denison. IDSTORICAL COMMISSION • George R. Carter, K. C. Leebrick, Mrs. Emma Taylor. • HAWAIIAN HOMES COMMISSION Gov. Wallace R. Farrington (chairman); Mrs. Frank P. Woods, Akaiko Akana, Rudolph Duncan (executive officer), John Franklin Woolley. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT BOARDS Honolulu.-A. J. Campbell, Howard W. Laws, A. J. Wirtz, Malcolm Macintyre, Frederick E. Steere . . Hawaii.-Otto W. Rose, J. W. Webster, G. A. Bush, B. K. Baird, Dr. H. B. Elliott. . . Maui.-Daniel T. Carey, George Freeland, J. H. Gray, Ralph H. Wilson; Walter Engle. Kauai.-Hugh H. Brodie, J.M. Lydgate, J.B. Fernandes, F. E. Trowbridge, C. M. V. Forster. . BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS Judge J. R. Desha (ex officio), James P. Morgan, president; Henry P. Judd, Mrs. F. W. Macfarlane, May T. Wilcox, Mrs. A. Lewis, jr., Father Valentine Franckoc. COMMISSIONERS OF INSANITY Dr. George Herbert, L. J. Warren, Dr. C. B. Cooper. BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION David Meli; Forbes, David C. Lindsay, Miss Elsie H. Wilcox, Samuel P. Woods, John M. Young, Mary Louise Rothwell. COMMISSJ0N TO RECOMMEND CHANGES IN JUDICIAL l'ROCEDURE Judge Antonio Perry, Charles S. Davis, Daniel H. Case, Arthur Withington. HAWAII EMERGENCY LABOR COMMISSION Charles F. Chillingworth, Walter F. Dillingham, Albert Horner. 112 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVl!JRNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF LAHAINALUNA SCJIOOL S_am A. Baldwin, H. M. Wells, C._ C. Crowell, David C. Lindsay. BOARD OF PUBLIC LANDS Thomas E. Cook, John W. Waldron, A. D. Castro, Edgar Henriques, Hugh Howell, Albert Horner. HAWAIIAN LEGEND AND FOLKLORE COMMISSION J. R. Galt, Miss Edna J. Hill, Mrs. Emma A. D. Taylor. HAWAU LEGISLATIVE COMMISSION John H. Wise, Harold W. Rice, Charles A. Rice. TRUSTEES OF THE LIBRARY OF HAWAII C. H. Atherton (president), A. Lewis, jr., Frank E. Blake, H. B. Restarick, Arthur C. Alexander, W. D. Westervelt, Mrs. Ethelinda Castle. DISTRICT MAGISTRATES Oahu.-Honolulu: Harry Steiner, A. D. Larnach. Ewa: Samuel Hookano. Koolauloa: William K. Rathburn. Waialua: Ed. Hore, W. S. Wond. Koolau poko: P. D. Kellett, H. Cobb-Adams. Waianae: George K. Kekauoha. Hawaii.-South Kona:· T. N. Haae. South Hilo: Stephen L. Desha, jr. North Kohala: William P. McDougall. Puna: Henry Lai Hipp,. Simon H. Haaheo. Kau: W. R. Hayselden. South Kohala: William M. S. Lindsey. North Hilo: E. K. Simmons. Hamakua: R.H. Makekau, M. S. Botelho. Maui.-Wailuku: Christian C. Conradt. Makawao: W. H. Henning, George K. Kunukau. Hana: D. K. Wailehua, George P. Kauimakaole. Lahaina: George Freeland. Molokai: Edward McCorriston. Kalawao: A. S. Kahooha lahala, J. D. McVeigh . .Kauai.-Lihue: J. L. Hjorth, Charles K. Holokahiki. Koloa: J. S. Chandler. Waimta: C. B. Hofgaard, J. K. Kapuniai. Kawaihau: James Werner, Henry van Gieson. Hanalei: David K. Kaononi. BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS Dr. Arthur L. Davis, Dr. Guy C. Milnor, Dr. James T. Wayson. BOARD OF REGISTRATION 0~ NURSING Miss Mary Johnson, Mrs. H. J. Ancill, Dr. Guy C. Milnor, Dr. H. B. Faus, Japet M. Dewar. GEOGRAPHIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON HAWAfIAN NAMES Gov. W.R. Farrington (chairman ex officio), R. D. King, J. F. Brown, Francis Gay, L.A. Thurston, Walter E. Wall. BOARD OF EXAMINERS IN OPTOMETRY Drs. L. E. C~pps, Paul W. Rushforth, Alva M. Glover. BOARD OF EXAMINERS IN OSTEOPATHY Dr. Kathryn Morelock, Dr. Emily Dole, Dr. C. A. Lane. BOARD OF PHARMACY' _Harry Wessel, A. W. Meyer, Ethan A. Burford. BOARDS OF PRISON INSPECTORS First judicial circuit.-E. H. Wodehouse, J. H. Dowsett, John W. Waldron. Second judicial circuit.-W. Henning, Clinton S. Childs, Luther S. Furtado. Third judicial circuit.-Julian Monsarratt, A. J. Stillman, L. S. Aungst. Fourth judicial circuit.-Herman Wolters, S. M. Carter.J..~· S. Swan. Fifth judicial circuit.-L. W. Branch, George R. Sims, w. S. Terry. BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII Arthur G. Smith, Mrs. M. D. Frear, C. R. Hemenway, C. B. Cooper, Akaiko Akana. ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII7 1004 113 BOARDS OF REGISTRATION First representative district.-Byron K. Baird (chairman), W. S. Edmonds, J. Vierra. Second representative district.-E. H. Edwards, Charles Ka, Julian Monsarratt (chairman). Third representative district.-Manual C. Ross (chairman), W. E. Bal, jr., Antone Garcia. Fourth and fifth representative districts.-S. F. Chillingworth (chairman), Bina Mossman. . · Sixth representative district.-Mabel K. Aiu, Martin Dreier, Jos. M. Scharsch, jr. PHILADELPHIA SESQUICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION COMMISSION Thomas H. Petrie, Raymond S. Coll, sr., Chester A. Doyle. COMMISSION ON MUTUAL AND FRATERNAL BENEFIT SOCIETIES John A. Matthewman, Henry C. Hapai, A. D. Castro, J. M. McChesney, 0. P. Soares. TAX APPEAL COURTS City and county of Honolulu.-William McKay, R. B. Booth, Bernard Froiseth. County of Maui.-Worth 0. Aiken, William A. Baldwin, W. E. Pogue. County of Hawaii.-Ch;ules Weatherbee, Thomas E. Cook, Joseph G. Pratt. County of Kauai.-Frank Cox, E. M. Cheatham, E. A. Knudsen. HAWAII TOURIST BUREAU Oahu.-John Effinger. Kauai.-W. H. Rice. Maui.-Worth 0. Aiken. Hawaii.-William H. Hussman. PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION Ralph E. Woolley (chairman), A. J. Gignoux, Walter Beall. COMMISSION FOR HAWA!I TO PROMOTE UNIFORMITY OF LEGISLATION IN THE UNITED STATES Judge C. F. Clemons, Miss Marguerite K. Ashford, John A. Matthewman. BOARD OF VE;rERINARY EXAMINERS Dr. J. C. Fitzgerald, Dr. W. T. Monsarratt, Dr. Lloyd E. Case. WAIKIKI SANITATION, RECLAMATION, AND IMPROVEMENT COMMISSION Lyman H. Bigelow, John H. Wilson, A. A. Young, Fred Ohrt, George P. Denison. BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF WAIMANO HOME John Effinger, Mrs. Rhoda G. Thayer, Dr. A. L. Andrews, Mrs. Nina L. D. Fraser, John R. Galt. TERRITORIAL WAR MEMORIAL COMMISSION A. L. C. Atkinson, A. Lester Marks, John R. Galt. FEDERAL OFFICIALS POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT Inspector, F. W. Vaille; postmaster, D. H. MacAdam; assistant postmaster, Albert P. Lino. TREASURY DEPARTMENT Customs Division.-Harry Murray, collector; R. J. Taylor, special deputy collector. Internal Revenue Service.-Collector, J. Walter Jones; chief deputy collector, W. G. Ashley. Public Health Service.-Surgeon, E. A. Sweet, commanding. DEPARTMEN'l' OF AGRICULTURE Hawaii Experiment Station.-Agronomist in charge, J. M. Westgate. Weather Bureau.-Meteorologist in charge, Edward A. Beals. Bureau of Entomology.-H. F. Willard, entomologist in charge. 114 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, lQ.24 DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Immigration Service.-Inspector in charge, Alfred E. Burnette. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Lighthouse Service.-Superintendent in charge, nineteenth lighthouse district, R. R. Tinkham. Coast and Geodetic Survey.-H. E. McComb, magnetic observer. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Geological Survey.-M. H. Carson, district engineer in charge ·Hawaii district; A. 0. Burkland, topographic engineer. National park bureau.-Thomas Boles, superintendent Hawaii National Park DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE United States District Court.-WiIIiam·T. Rawlins and John T. DeBolt, judges; United States district attorney, William T. Carden; marshal, Oscar P. Cox; clerk, William Rosa. . PROHIBITION. ENFORCEMENT Prohibition enforcement officer, John H. Wise. WAR DEPARTMENT Maj. Gen. Charles T. Menoher, United States Army, commanding Hawaiian Department; First Lieut. Darrow Menoher (Cav.), D. 0. L.;.i aid-de-camp; Col. William F. Hase (C. A. C.), chief of staff; Maj. Converse ti,, Lewis (Inf.), personnel division; Maj. Robert G. Kirkwood (F. A.), -military intelligence division; Capt. Clesen H. Tenney (C. A. C.), D. 0. L.:.z assistant-military intelli gence division; Maj. Thomas D. Osborne, General Starr Corps (F. A.), operations and training division; Capt. William E. Chambers (Inf.), D. 0. L., assistant operations and training division; Col. Russell P. Reeder, General Staff .Corps (C. A. C.), supply division; Capt. Geoffrey P. Baldwin (Inf.), assistant, supply division; Col. William Kelley, jr., Adjutant General's Department, department adjutant general; Maj. Thomas M. Spaulding, Adjutant General's Department, assistant adjutant general; Capt. Rene E. Fraile, Adjutant General's Depart ment, assistant adjutant general; Col. Patrick W. Guiney, Quartermaster· Corps, department quartermaster; Capt. Simeon J. Seals, Quartermaster Corps, depart ment quartermaster; Capt. Thomas L. Holland, Quartermaster· Corps, assistant department quartermaster; First Lieut. Edwin V. Dunstan, Quartermaster Corps, assistant department quartermaster; Lieut. Col. Matt C. Bristol, Finance Department, department finance officer; Maj. Austin H. Brown, Finance Depart ment, assistant department finance officer; Capt. Royal G. Jenks, Finance Department, assistant department finance officer; Maj. Arnold N. Krogstad, Air Service, department air officer; First Lieut. Harold L. Clark, Air Service, assistant department air officer; Maj. Wallace L. Clay, ordnance officer; Maj. Alfred B. Johnson, Ordnance Department, assistant department ordnance officer; Maj. William H. Lanagan, Corps of Engineers, department engineer; Col. Carl R. Darnall, Medical Corps, department surgeon; Lieut. Col. Charles F. Craig, Medical Corps, department medical inspector; Lieut. Col. William A. Sproule, Veterinary Corps, assistant department surgeon, commanding veteri nary hospital, Fort Armstrong; Col. William T. Johnson, I. G.D. (Cav.), depart ment inspector; Col. Frederick M. Brown, Judge Advocate General's Depart ment, department judge advocate; Maj. Theodore Hall, Judge Advocate Gen eral's Department, assistant department iudge advocate; Col. Arthur S. Cowan, Si~nal Corps, department signal officer; Capt. Clay I. Hoppough, Signal Corps, department radio communications officer; First Lieut. George I. Back, Signal Corps, officer in charge department telephone system; Lieut. Col. Sydney Smith (Inf.), D. 0. L., department National Guard officer; Capt. Richard F. Fairchild (Inf.), D. 0. L., and First Lieut. Ralph C. G. Nemo (Inf.), assistant department National Guard officers; Lieut. Col. Hovvard L. Landers (F. A.), D. 0. L., acting, department R. 0. T. C. officer, department educational and recreation officer; First Lieut. Edward B. Blanchard, Chemical Warfare Service, department chemical warfare officer, commanding Hawaiian chemical warfare depot; Lieut. Col. Adna G. Clarke (retired), professor of military science and tactics; Capt. Charles H. Jones (Inf.), D. 0. L., Capt. Ernest A. Rudelius (Inf.), D. 0. L., ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 115 Capt. James R. Urquhart (Inf.), D. 0. L., Capt. Coleman F. Driver (Inf.), D. 0. L., and First Lieut. Norman McNeil (Inf.), D. 0. L., assistant professors of military science and tactics. HAWAIIAN DEPOT AREA Lieut. Col. Harry T. Matthews (C. A. C.), commanding .Hawaiian depot area and Fort Armstrong; Capt. Frederick J. de Rohan (Inf.), adjutant; Maj. George E. Lovell, jr., Air Service, commanding Hawaii air depot; Capt. James D. Cleary, Corps of Engineers, commanding Hawaiian Engineer depot; Capt. Lorenzo I. Cooke, Q. M. C., commanding Hawaiian Quartermaster depot; First Lieut. Horace J. Caterer, Medical Administrative Corps, commanding Hawaiian med ical depot. TRIPLER GENERAL HOSPITAL Col. Edward R. Schreiner, M. C., commanding; First Lieut. Jesse H. Mael, Medical Administrative Corps, adjutant. LUKE FIELD Maj. Arnold N. Krogstad, Air Service, commanding Luke Field and Fifth Composite Group; First Lieut. Ray. A. Dunn, Air Service, adjutant. HAWAIIAN COAST ARTILLERY DISTRICT Brig. Gen. Richmond P. Davis, United States Army, commanding; Second Lieut. Oscar R. Johnston (Inf.), D. 0. L., aid-de-camp; Maj. Meade Wildrick (C. A. C.), adjutant and personnel division; Capt. Charles S. Brice (C. A. C.), military intelligence division and assistant to plans and training division; First Lieut. Norman E. Hartman (C. A. C.), assistant to intelligence division and educational and recreation officer; Lieut. Col. Arthur L. Fuller (C. A. C.), plans and training division and supply division; First Lieut. Patrick F. Powers, Chem ical Warfare Service, assistant to plans and training division; First Lieut. Edward L. Supple (C. A. C.), assistant to supply division, and communication officer; Col. Lawrence C. Brown (C. A. C.), commanding coast defenses of Honolulu, Fort de Russy, and Sixteenth Coast Artillery; First Lieut. Rene E. de Russy (C. A. C.), adjutant; Col. Louis R. Burgess (C. A. C.), commanding coast de fenses of Pearl Harbor and Fort Kamehameha and Fifteenth Coast Artillery; Capt. Carl L. Marriott (C. A. C.), adjutant; Maj. Walter K. Wilson (C. A. C.), commanding Fort Ruger; Second Lieut. Charles W. West (C. A. C.), adjutant; Col. Henry M. Merriam (C, A. C.), commanding Fifty-fifth Coast Artillery; Maj. Lawrence B. Weeks (C. A. C.), commanding Forty-first Coast Artillery; Maj. Harry W. Stark (C. A. C.), commanding Fort Shafter arid Sixty-fourth Coast Artillery; Capt. Marvel H. Parsons (C. A. C.), adjutant; Lieut. Col. Ralph M. Mitchell, executive, plans and training officer Fifteenth Coast Artillery. KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP Capt. Charles H. Perkins (Inf.), commanding; Capt. Guy D. Griggs, Medical Corps, surgeon. SCHOFIELD BARRACKS AND HAWAIIAN DIVISION Brig. Gen. Thomas H. Slavens, United States Army, commanding; First Lieut. Dorrance S. Roysdon (Inf.), D. 0. L., aid-de-camp; Col. Irving J. Carr, General Staff Corps (S. C.), chief of staff; Maj. Henry T. Burgin (G. S. 0.), (C. A. C.), personnel division, and assistant chief of staff; Lieut. Col. John B. Murphy (C. A. C.), General Staff Corps, assistant chief of staff (G-2); Lieut. Col. Horace F. Sykes, Adjutant General's Department, post and division adju tant; Lieut. Col. Wesley W. K. Hamilton, Adjutant General's Department, assistant post and division adjutant; Capt. J. Huntington Hills, ·Adjutant General's Department, assistant post and division adjutant; Maj. Louis C. Wilson, Quartermaster Corps, post and division quartermaster; Capt. Maurice A. Hockman, Quartermaster Corps, Capt. Joe S. Underwood, Quartermaster Corps, and First Lieut. Claude L. Gamble, Quartermaster Corps, assistant post and division quartermasters; Capt. Ben D. Boon, Finance Department, post and division finance officer; Maj. Dawson Olmstead, Signal Corps, division 116 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 11)24 signal officer; Col. Frederick M. Hartsock, Medical Corps, post and division surgeon; Capt. William A. Rounds, Judge Advocate General's Department, post and division judge advocate; Maj. Paul W. Newgarden (Inf.), post and division inspector; Capt. Peter J. Kilkenny, chaplain, post and division chaplain; Major James Kirk, Ordnance Department, post and division ordnance officer; Col. Robert M. Brambila (Inf.), commanding Twenty-first Infantry Brigade and Nineteenth Infantry; Maj. Lee S. Tillotson (Inf.), executive officer and adjutant; Capt. Gilmer M. Bell (Inf.), commanding headquarters company; brigade supply officer and assistant adjutant; Capt. Ernest C. Goding (Inf.), plans and training officer and intelligence officer; Col. Howard L. -Laubach (Inf.), commanding Twenty-second Infantry Brigade; Capt. Neil S. Edmond (Inf.), adjutant; Maj. Lawrence W. Young (Inf.), commanding headquarters com pany, supply officer; Col. Otho W. B. Farr (F. A.), commanding Eleventh Field Artillery Brigade· and Eleventh Field Artillery; Col. Henry L. Newbold (F. A.), commanding Eighth Field Artillery; Col. Andrew Moses (F. A.), commanding Thirteenth Field Artillery; Col. Edward H. Schulz, Corps of Engineers, com manding Third Engineers; Capt. Paul R. Guthrie, Quartermaster Corps, com manding Hawaiian Division Train; Maj. Robert E. M. Goolrick, Air Service, commanding Fourth Observation Squadron. NAVAL STATION FOURTEENTH NA,. AL DISTRICT Rear Admirai John D. McDonald, commandant fourteenth naval district and operating base; Capt. E. H. Watson, assistant commandant; Commander V. S. Houston, captain of the yard; Commander N. W. Post, operations; Lieut. Com mander J. C. Thom, aid to commandant; Lieut. Commander F. Loftin, district communication superintendent; Lieut. (J. G.) E. J. Spuhler, radio material officer; Commander E. C. Hamner, jr. (C. C.), industrial manager, navy yard; CommaI\der E. H. Brownell (C. F. C.), public works officer, navy yard and district; Commander C. A. Dunn, engineer officer, navy yard; Capt. A. F. Hun tington (S. C.), supply officer; Lieut. Commander 0. D. Conger (S. C.), account ing officer; Lieut. Commander J. P. Helm (S. C.), disbursing officer; Lieut. H. S. Stubbs (S. C.), officer in charge commissary store; Lieut. Commander T. Wilson (M. C.), yard medical officer; Commander R. A. Abernathy, commanding officer receiving ship and U. S.S. Hancock; Commander J. Rodgers, commanding naval air station; Commander L. F. Welch, commanding submarine base; Lieut. Commander J. W. Rankin, commander division 9, submarine force; Lieut. (J. G.) C. E. Bence, commanding U.S. S. R-1; Lieut. A. L. Karns, commanding U.S. S. R-2; Lieut. J. L. Reynolds, commanding U. S. S. R-3; Lieut. (J. G.) D. R. Osborn, commanding U. S. S. R-45 Lieut. E. H. Bryant, commanding U. S. S. R-5; Lieut. (J. G.) R. W. Abbott, commanding U.S. S. R-6; Lieut. (J. G.) J. L. Robertson, commanding U.S. S. R-7; Lieut. B. H. Colyear, commanding U.S. S. R-8; Lieut. G. M. O'Rear, commanding U. S. S. R-9; Lieut. L. 0. McCormick, commanding U. S. S. R-10; Lieut Commander L. F. Reifsnider, commander division 14, submarine force; Lieut. W. W. Pace, commanding U. S. S. R-11; Lieut. E. B. Peterson, commanding U. S. S. R-12; Lieut. P. Marshall, com manding U. S. S. R-13; Lieut. R. L. Boller, commanding U. S. S. R-14; Lieut. P. Harrison, commanding U.S. S. R-15; Lieut. W.W. Fife, commanding U.S. S. R-16; Lieut. (J. G.) J. F. Gillon, commanding U. S. S. R-17; Lieut. J. E. Boak, commanding U. S. S. R-18; Lieut. C. B. Hunt, commanding U. S. S. R-19; Lieut. P. G. Young, commanding U. S. S. R-20; Capt. F. C. Cook (M. C.), commanding naval hospital; Commander D. A. Scott, inspector in charge, naval ammunition depot; Lieut. (J. G.) M. P. Wilson, commanding U.S. S. Eagle 58, Lifut. D. Greenwell, commanding U. S. S. Pelican; Chief Boatswain C. L. Greene, commanding U. S. S. Navajo; Chief Boatswain J. W. Lennon, commanding U.S. S. Sunnadin; Col. F. L. Bradman, United States Marine Corps, command ing marine barracks. MINE SQUADRON 2, FLEET BASE FORCE, UNITED STATES FLEET Commander G. V. Stewart, United States Navy, commanding mine squadron 2 and commanding officer U. S. S. Ludlow; Lieut. Commander D. I. Hedrick, aid to commander mine squadron 2; Lieut. Commander 0. M. Hustvedt, command ing U. S. S. Burns; Lieut. W. J. Poland, commanding U. S. S. Whippoorwill; Lieut. D. B. McClary, commanding U. S. S. Tanager. APPENDIX B [EXCERPT FROM PUBLIC No. 199-68TH CONGRESS]. An A ct Making appropriations for the Department of the Interior for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1925 and for other pnrposes TERRITORY OF HAWAII The purchase of supplies and equipment or the procurement of services for the Department of the Interior, the bureaus and offices thereof, including Howard University and the Columbia Institution for the Deaf, at the seat of governmei;i.t as well as those located in the field outside the District of Columbia, may be made in open market without compliance with sections 3709 and 3744 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, in the manner common among business men, when the aggregate amount of the purchase or the service does not exceed $100 in any instance. Governor, $7,000; secretary, $5,400; in all, $12,400. For contingent expenses, to be expended by the governor, for stationery, postage, and incidentals, $1,000; private secr~tary to the governor, $3,000; for traveling expenses of the governor while absent from the capital on official business, $500; in all, $4,500. Legislative expenses: For furniture, light, telephone, stationery, record casings and files, printing and binding, including printing, publications, and binding of the session laws and the house and senate journals, indexing records, postage, ice, water, clerk hire, mileage of members, and incidentals, pay of chaplain, clerk, sergeant at arms, stenographers, typewriters, janitors, and messengers, $30,000: Provided, That the members of the Legislature of the Territory of Hawaii shall not draw their compensation of $200 or any mileage for an extra session, held in compliance with section 54 of an Act to provide a government for the Territory of Hawaii, approved April 30, 1900. Approved June 5, 1924. [PUBLIC-No. 35-68Tll CONGRESS] [H. R. 4121] An Act To extend the provisions of certain laws to the Territory of Hawaii Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That beginning with the fiscal year ending June 30, 1925, the Territory of Hawaii shall be entitled to share in appropriations now or which may hereafter become available for apportionment under the Act entitled "An Act to provide that the United States shall aid the States in the construction of rural post roads, and for other purposes," approved July 11, 1916, known as the Federal Highwa;,y Act, and any Act amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto, upon the same terms and conditions as any of the several States, and such Territory shall be included in the calculations to determine the basis of apportionment of such funds: Provided, That in approving road projects in such Territory to receive Federal aid, the Secretary of Agriculture shall give preference to such projects as will expedite the completion of an adequate system of highways for the national defense or which will connect seaports with units of the national parks. SEc. 2. The provisions of the Federal Farm Loan Act, and any Act amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto, are extended to the Territory of Hawaii. The Federal Farm Loan Board shall include the Territory in a Federal land bank district, and such Federal land bank as the board may designate is authorized to establish branch banks in the Territory. · · SEc. 3. The Territory of Hawaii shall be ern,r1,ied to share in the benefits of the Act entitled "An Act for the promotion ot the welfare and hygiene of mater nity and infancy, and for other purposes," approved November 23, 1921, and any Act amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto, upon the same terms and conditions as any of the several States. For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1925, there is authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $13,000, to be available for apportionment under such Act to the Territory, and annually thereafter such sum as would be apportioned to the Territory if such Act had originally included the Territory. 11498-24-9 117 118 ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 SEc. 4. The Territory of Hawaii shall be entitled to share in the benefits of the Act entitled "An Act to provide for the promotion of vocational education; to provide for cooperation with the States in the promotion of such education in agriculture and the trades and industries; to provide for cooperation with the States in the preparation of teachers of vocational subjects; and to appropriate money and regulate its expenditure," approved F.ebruary 23, 1917, and any Act amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto, upon the same terms and condi tions as any of the several States. There is authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1925, and annually thereafter, the sum of $30,000, to be available for allotment under such Act to the Territory. SEC. 5. The Territory of Hawaii shall be entitled to share in the benefits of the Act entitled "An Act to provide for the promotion of vocational rehabilitation of persons disabled in industry or otherwise and their return to civil employment," approved June 2, 1920, a11d any Act amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto, upon the same terms and conditions as any of the several States. There is authorized to be appropriated, out of any, money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1925, and annually thereafter, the sum of $5,000, to be available for allotment under such Act to the Territory. Approved, March 10, 1924. [PUBLIC-No. 198-68TH CoNGRESSJ [H. R.4985] An Act To repeal the first proviso of section 4 of an Act to establish a national park in the· Territory of Hawaii, approved August 1, 1916 Be _it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the first proviso of section 4 of an Act entitled "An Act to establish a national park in the Territory of Hawaii," ap proved August 1, 1916, which is in words and figures following: "Provided, That no appropriation for the maintenance, supervision, and improvement of said park in excess of $10,000 annually shall be made unless the same shall have first been expressly authorized by law," be, and the same is hereby, repealed. Approved, June 5, 1924. [PuBLIC-No. 234-68TR CoNQREss] [S. 1376] An Act To provide f~e:io~'f~it~b£ted-lf~n~tii~t~i ~~fclf~eti:fJis~~k,~c~ ~~~t¥!ies to the States and Be it enacted by the Senate and Ho·use of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to apportion and distribute pro rata among the several States and Territories, and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia in corresponding ratio as the total number of men serving in the armed forces of the United States, as hereinafter provided, from each State, Territory, or possession of the United States and the Distric~ of _Columbia ~ears to the total number of men so serving from all States, Terntones, possess10ns, and the District of Columbia, all guns and howitzers with their respective car riages, machine guns, and other war devices and trophies suitable for distribu tion and captured by or surrendered to the armed forces of the United States from the armed forces of Germany and allied nations, with the exception of such guns, howitzers, carriages, machine guns, and other war devices and trophies as may be required for experimental purposes, C!r for actual use by th~ armed forces of the United States; and the further except10n of such of the devices aforemen toned as may be required for display in national museums, at national homes for disabled volunteer soldiers, or for monumental purposes in Arlington National Cemetery and in other national cemeteries, national parks, and national monu ments wheresoever situated. SEc. 2. That for the purposes of this Act the reports heretofore compiled under the direction of the Secretary of War showing the number of men in the armed forces of the United States accredited to each State, Territory, and possession of the United States, and to the District of Columbia, either by enlistment or by the process of the Selective Service Act, or otherwise drawn into and becoming ANNUAL REPORT OF GOVERNOR OF HAWAII, 1924 _ll9 an integral part of the armed forces of the United States during the period April 7, 1917, to November 11, 1918, and the allotment of war trophies suitable for distribution among the several States, Territories, and possessions, and the District of Columbia, shall serve as the basis of distribution. As soon as practi cable after the date upon which this act shall become effective the Secretary of War shall cause the chief executive of each of the several States, Territories, and possessions, and the Commissioners of the District of Columbia to be informed of the character and quantity of war devices and trophies apportioned thereto, and shall invite each such chief executive and the Commissioners of the District of Columbia to designate such material as will be accepted free on board common carrier at the point of storage and to designate the point or points to which the accepted materials is to be shipped without expense to the United States, other than that of packing and loading at the point of storage. SEc. 3. Shipment of the apportionment of each State, Territory, and posses sion, and the District of Columbia accepted shall be made as soon as practicable after the chief executive, or the commissioners thereof, as the case may require, shall have informed the Secretary of War that such State, Territory, possession, or District will accept and take possession thereof as hereinbefore provided for and will relieve the United States of all responsibility for the safe delivery of the material and of all charges, costs, and expenses whatsoever connected with the transportation thereof: Provided, That if the chief executive or the com missioners of any State, Territory, possession, or District, shall not, within one year after notification of the character and quantity of the apportionment, file with the Secretary of War such acceptance and agreement, such apportionment, or any part thereof, shall be sold as surplus property as it then is and where it then is, or shall be destroyed-all as the Secretary of War, in his discretion, shall determine; and like action shall be taken in respect of the rejected portion of any apportionment accepted in part only, and war devices and trophies considered by the Secretary of War as unsuitable for distribution. SEC. 4. That all charges for apportioning, segregating, packing, and loading war trophies and devices for distribution to the designated point or points within each of the several States, Territories, and possessions, and the District of Colum bia, as provided for herein, and for transportation to national museums, national homes for disabled volunteer soldiers, national cemeteries, and national parks, and for the disposition of undistributed war devices and trophies shall be paid by the United States Government from an appropriation to be made for that purpose. SEc. 5. That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, authorized to make all rules and regulations to carry this Act into effect. SEc. 6. That to enable the Secretary of War to carry out the provisions of this Act there is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any money in the United States Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $39,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary: Provided, That none of said sum shall be expended in cleaning, painting, or otherwise reconditioning war devices and trophies prior to shipment. Approved, June 7, 1924. 0 160° 159° y >N 0 21-1------+------::------+------ / 158~ 157° pe Halawa ,i)., okuhooniki I. ~ ~ citv LH • 5 MOLOKI~ _- ~ L-- Kealaikahiki Pt ~ ~ ' 156° 155° DEPART~'LENT OF THE INTERIOR HUBERT WORJ{, ~ECRETr\RY GENERAL LAND OFFICE WILLIAM RPRY, COMMit-;tilONli~R Compiled from datB on tilt> in the T1. S.t '.oast and ( :,.Podeti(·. S1rrvey; U. !::,. Geological Surv~v. ffydrogrc1.phi(: O±tic,~.; Hawaiian (kJvp,rnm£mt Surv~vs, and other authentic s Scale: 1 Inch · l2 Statut.e }.,files 10!o+B76543210 JiJ 20 30 s .. alf': l Inch HH N au.tica1 Miles lO~H: n5 <._:i 'l 10 ill 20 HY 'T) peHalawa 1>i, kuhooniki I. ~ ~ . tt}' C y MOLO KI.Nldtt~ ~L- ,hiki Pt ~ ~ LH. 0 21-r------t------::------+------ ,,, i 20·.,,______-_-_-_-_-~----~--~------~----_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- ___,_ ____ ~_-_-_-_-...::-_-_-~_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_~_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-~_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-...::-_-_- __,_-_-~_-...::-_-_-_-_-_-~_-_-_-...::-_-_-_-...::-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-...::-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-...::-_-_-...::-_-_-_-...:;-i 180° 175° 1ss• ------o&nk HAWAIIAN .ARCHIPELAGO Sea le in Statute Mi Ies 'f s,o tqo 'I"' Scale in Nautical Miles 100 50 I 0 3 0 28° C OISTP 0 THE PRIN San Franci $an Diego Portland Seattle T Sitka N O R Nome Wellington, Straits of~ Sydney, Au Hong Kon~ 19 Callt10 Valparaiso Vladivosto 18° 18° Yokohama Guam Manila Samoa ,Jobnstan/. ------Panama 175° 170° Longitude West from Greenwich 165° 160° 11ss• L-..._-_-__::-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_--_-_-~~----_-_-_-_-_-~_-_-_-_-_-__:-__:-_-_-_-_-~~--~~--~~----_-_-_-_-_- ____;,_-______~~--~----_-_-_-_-_-~---_-_-_-_-_-_-_------__- __ -___- ___-_ -..... -.. ---===~~------1600 -159° . . y D Wahapuu~ maikePt. \ Kealaikahiki pt_ / 155° 0 0 Ma1 Keal 28° Wawa N DISTANCE FROM HONOLULU 0 THE PRINCIPAL PORTS OF THE PACIFIC San Francisco 2100 Nautical Miles. San Diego 2280 II 23° Portland 2318 Seattle 2409 " Sitka 2395 " II Nome 2752 ti Wellington, N. Z. 4163 " Straits of Magellan 6379 " " Sydney, Australia 4424 II Hong Kong 4961 Callao 5147 " Valparaiso 5916 Vladivostok 3721 11· 1a0 3445 -----r-i Yokohama Guam 3337 Manila 4778 II " Samoa 2240 II ~J_I Panama 4665 ti 155' 158° Longitude West from Greenwich 157° ?c.._ L.H~ .... ,..,, ~-~ D Wahapuu~ amaikePt. 1 LH . MOLOKINI# If[J{I \.L ~ ~ ' peKumukahi 156°