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A Look Into the Evolutionary History of Batfishes and How Museum Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2014 Bridging Research and Education: A Look into the Evolutionary History of Batfishes and How Museum Exhibits Can be Used to Engage the Public Valerie Anestazia Derouen Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Recommended Citation Derouen, Valerie Anestazia, "Bridging Research and Education: A Look into the Evolutionary History of Batfishes and How Museum Exhibits Can be Used to Engage the Public" (2014). LSU Master's Theses. 3348. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/3348 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BRIDGING RESEARCH AND EDUCATION: A LOOK INTO THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF BATFISHES AND HOW MUSEUM EXHIBITS CAN BE USED TO ENGAGE THE PUBLIC A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Natural Science in The Interdepartmental Program in Natural Sciences by Valerie Anestazia Derouen B.S., Louisiana State University, 2011 May 2015 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding was provided by the LSU Museum of Natural Science, the Louisiana Board of Regents, the National Science Foundation, and the Ministry of Science and Technology. Some tissues for this project were graciously provided by John Caruso and Ted Pietsch, and by the aid of many field collaborators in Asia, Central America and Australia. I would like to thank my committee Dr. Prosanta Chakrabarty, Dr. Sophie Warny, Dr. Joseph Powers, and Dr. Angela Webb for supporting my project. Caleb McMahan, Matthew Davis, Rachel Arnold, and Sophie Warny also gave valuable input throughout this project. Lastly, I would like to thank Elsevier publishing company and the scientific journal, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, for allowing me to include my previously published first chapter, Examining Evolutionary Relationships and Shifts in Depth Preferences in Batfishes (Lophiiformes: Ogcocephalidae), in my thesis. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................................................ iv LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................................. vi 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 2. EXAMINING EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS AND SHIFTS IN DEPTH PREFERENCES IN BATFISHES (LOPHIIFORMES: OGCOCEPHALIDAE) ............................................................................. 2 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Methods ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2.1 Taxon Sampling and DNA Extraction ..................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 Genes, Alignment, and Sequencing ......................................................................................... 4 2.2.3 Phylogenetic Analyses ............................................................................................................. 7 2.2.4 Divergence Time Estimation .................................................................................................... 8 2.2.5 Ancestral State Reconstruction ................................................................................................ 9 2.3 Results ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Discussion ............................................................................................................................................... 10 2.4.1 Position of Ogcocephaloidei within Lophiiformes................................................................. 10 2.4.2 Relationships Among Ogcocephalid Genera ......................................................................... 11 2.4.3 Divergence Time Estimation .................................................................................................. 12 2.4.4 Ancestral State Reconstruction .............................................................................................. 12 2.5 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................. 13 3. MAKING A BIG SPLASH WITH LOUISIANA FISHES – LSU MNS EXHIBIT BOOK ................................... 14 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 14 3.2 Contributions ........................................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.1 Chapter 1 – The Toadfish and the Gar ................................................................................... 14 3.2.2 Chapter 2 – Q&A for Kids ..................................................................................................... 15 3.2.3 Chapter 3 – ABCs of Louisiana ............................................................................................. 16 3.2.4 Chapter 4 – The Gulf of Mexico ............................................................................................ 16 3.2.4a Section IV.A. The Louisiana Pancake Batfish ....................................................... 16 3.2.4b Section IV.C. The 2010 Oil Spill ........................................................................... 18 3.2.5 Chapter 5 – The Mississippi River ......................................................................................... 18 3.2.6 Chapter 6 – Bioluminescence in the Deep Sea ....................................................................... 19 3.2.7 Chapter 7 – The Ecosystems of Fishes ................................................................................... 19 3.2.8 Chapter 8 – Studying Systematics and Biogeography of Fishes ............................................ 20 3.2.9 Appendix 1 – Glossary ........................................................................................................... 21 3.2.10 Appendix 3 – Activities Answer Pages ................................................................................ 22 4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................................... 23 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................ 24 APPENDIX: LETTER OF PERMISSION .................................................................................................................. 26 VITA ........................................................................................................................................................................... 28 iii LIST OF TABLES 1. List of individuals used with museum vouchers and GenBank accession numbers………..……………..………...5 iv LIST OF FIGURES 1. Phylogenetic Hypotheses for Ogcocephalidae interrelationships based on previous morphological studies………………...……………………………………………………………………………….……...3 2. Results of Garli and Mr. Bayes analyses with bootstrap proportions and posterior probabilities listed respectively..………………...………………………………………………………………………..….….10 3. Results of divergence time estimation and ancestral state reconstruction……….……………………….....11 4. Making a Big Splash with Louisiana Fishes Cover Page…………………………………………….…..…14 5. Activity 1 – Connect the Dots – Who is This? (Toadfish)……………………………………….…………15 6. Activity 2 – The Sea Maze………………...………………………………………………………………..15 7. Activity 3 – The Outer Parts of a Fish………………...…………………………………….………………16 8. ABCs of Louisiana Pages………………...……….…………………………………….…………………..17 9. Activity 4 – Connect the Dots (Batfish)...………………...…………………………………………….…..18 10. Activity 5 – Secret Code………………...……………………………………………………….…………18 11. Activity 6 – Word Search……………………………………………………………………………….…..19 12. Activity 7 – Matching………………………………...………………………………………….………….19 13. Activity 8 – Follow the Lines………………...…………………………………………….……………….20 14. Activity 9 – Phylogenetic Trees………………...……………………………………………………….….20 15. Activity 10 – Crossword Puzzle………………...………………………………………………….……….21 16. Glossary Pages………………………………………………………………………………….…………...21 17. Activity Answer Pages……………………………...………………………………………………………22 v ABSTRACT The
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