DOCSLIB.ORG

Private Well Guidelines

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Private Well Guidelines COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS Department of Environmental Protection Marty Suuberg Commissioner Bureau of Water Resources Doug Fine Assistant Commissioner PRIVATE WELL GUIDELINES Updated July 2018 Drinking Water Program ii CONTENTS FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................... III TABLES ........................................................................................................................................ III INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1 SUMMARY OF LAWS AND REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO PRIVATE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ...................................................................................................................................... 2 DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY SOURCES ..................................................................................... 6 PERMITS AND REPORTS ............................................................................................................ 9 WELL LOCATION ........................................................................................................................ 17 GENERAL WELL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ..................................................................... 20 WELL CASING ............................................................................................................................ 32 WELL SCREEN ........................................................................................................................... 37 WELL DEVELOPMENT ............................................................................................................... 42 WATER QUANTITY .................................................................................................................... 44 CASING SEALS ........................................................................................................................... 52 WELLHEAD COMPLETION AND ALTERATION ......................................................................... 56 PUMPS AND TANKS ................................................................................................................... 61 DISINFECTION ............................................................................................................................ 68 WATER QUALITY AND WATER TESTING ................................................................................. 75 WATER TREATMENT ................................................................................................................. 91 WELL MAINTENANCE AND REHABILITATION .......................................................................... 97 DECOMMISSIONING ABANDONED WELLS, TEST HOLES, AND DRY OR INADEQUATE BORINGS .................................................................................................................................. 101 APPENDIX A, RECOMMENDED ANALYTES, CONCENTRATION LIMITS, AND MONITORING FREQUENCY ............................................................................................................................ 110 APPENDIX B, LAND USE/ASSOCIATED CONTAMINANTS MATRIX ...................................... 113 APPENDIX C, OTHER BOARD OF HEALTH RESPONSIBILITIES RELATED TO DRINKING WATER ...................................................................................................................................... 126 GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................................... 128 REFERENCES CITED ............................................................................................................... 132 iii FIGURES Figure 1: Groundwater and Surface Water Sources ............................................................... 6 Figure 2 Properly Constructed Springs .................................................................................. 8 Figure 3: Well Completion Report Required by the Drinking Water Program .......................... 12 Figure 4: Electronic Well Completion Report (WCR) Form ..................................................... 13-15 Figure 5: Typical Construction for Bedrock Well Installations ................................................. 23 Figure 6: Typical Drilled Sand and Gravel Well ..................................................................... 24 Figure 7: Sandpoint Installed with Protective Oversized Casing ............................................. 27 Figure 8: Construction Details for a Standard Dug Well ......................................................... 29 Figure 9: Typical Water Treatment System ............................................................................ 49 Figure 10: Grout Installation by Positive Placement Exterior Method ....................................... 54 Figure 11: Grout Installation by Continuous Injection Method ................................................... 54 Figure 12: Well Seal ................................................................................................................ 58 Figure 13: Pitless Adapter Installation ...................................................................................... 59 Figure 14: Typical Submersible Pump Installation .................................................................... 64 Figure 15: Typical Shallow Jet Pump Installation ..................................................................... 65 Figure 16: Typical Deep Well Jet Pump Installation.................................................................. 65 Figure 17: Jet Pump Cross Section .......................................................................................... 66 Figure 18: Radionuclide Testing Decision Diagram ................................................................. 86 Figure 19: Filter Application Guide ........................................................................................... 93 Figure 20: Typical Treatment Sequence ................................................................................... 96 Figure 21: Well Decommissioning Report ................................................................................ 103 TABLES Table 1: Lateral Setback Distances ......................................................................................... 19 Table 2: Materials Standards for Steel Water Well Casing ...................................................... 33 Table 3 Peak Flow Rates (GPM) for Homes Based on Number of Bedrooms and Bathrooms ................................................................................................................ 45 Table 4: Gallons of Water per Foot of Depth for Various Casing or Hole Diameters................ 47 Table 5: Flow Volumes in Gallons per Minute and Corresponding Flow Volumes in Gallons per Day ........................................................................................................ 47 iv Table 6: Usable Pressurized Storage Amount in Gallons for Various Types of Pressure Tanks with Common Constant Speed Pressure Switch Settings……. ....................... 48 Table 7: Amount of Chlorine Compound Required to Produce a Chlorine Concentration of 100 mg/L (for Well Diameters of One Foot or Less) .............................................. 71 Table 8: Amount of Chlorine Compound Required to Produce a Chlorine Concentration of 100 mg/L (for Well Diameters of Two Feet or More) .............................................. 72 Table 9: Towns with High or Medium Probability of Exceeding Arsenic and/or Uranium MCL . 78 Table 10: Land Use/Pollution Potential Matrix ........................................................................... 80 Table 11: Recommended Water Quality Testing - Annual Basis ............................................... 84 Table 12: Recommended Water Quality Testing - Initially and Every 10 Years ......................... 86 Table 13: Possible Causes of Common Taste, Odor, and Appearance Problems in Well Water ....................................................................................................................... 87 Table 14: Treatment Device Options ......................................................................................... 91 1 INTRODUCTION A private water supply provides water for human consumption and consists of a system that has less than 15 service connections and either (1) serves less than 25 individuals or (2) serves an average of 25 or more individuals daily for less than 60 days of the year. In the Commonwealth of Massachusetts over 500,000 people rely on private wells to provide potable water because public water is not available to them. The improper design, construction, repair, maintenance, or decommissioning of a private water supply system represents a potential hazard to public health and safety. In order to protect the health and general welfare of the citizens who depend on private wells and to protect the groundwater resources of the Commonwealth so that the consuming public can be assured of potable water, it is necessary for regulators to know what constitutes a private water supply system and understand the measures that should be taken to protect the water supplied by the system. The Private Well Guidelines and accompanying Model Board of Health Regulations for Private Wells were written primarily to assist Boards of Health but also to assist drillers by attempting
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Franklin Fueling Systems Submersible Pumping Systems
    PRODUCT CATALOGUE FRANKLIN FUELING SYSTEMS SUBMERSIBLE PUMPING SYSTEMS 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT US 5 Total System Solution 6 Submersible Pumping Systems 8 4" Submersible Pumps 9 Variable Speed 11 Intelligent 16 Magshell™ 19 2 Hp Fixed Speed 20 1½ Hp Fixed Speed 24 ¾ hp Fixed Speed, 50Hz 28 Advanced Protection 32 MLD+ 35 4" Submersible Pump Controllers 37 STP-SCI 37 STP-SCIIIC 39 STP-DHIB 41 STP-CBBS 43 Accessories 44 4" Spare Parts 45 6" High Capacity Pumps 48 3 and 5 hp 50Hz 50 High Capacity Line Leak Detectors 54 6" Submersible Pump Controllers 56 STP-CBB3C and STP-CBB5C 56 6" Spare Parts 57 DEF/AdBlue® 59 Pump Motor Assemblies 59 Submersible Turbine Pump Kits 60 Replacement Parts 64 CONTACT US 67 3 ABOUT US About Us Welcome to Franklin Fueling Systems, the world's leading provider of complete fuelling systems. We are comprised of the industry's most extensive lines of In addition to the industry's most comprehensive product fuelling product solutions. With us, you can get the most offering, Franklin Fueling Systems also provides: comprehensive product offering from the industry's leader in • One order for all equipment total system solutions. • Factory tested leak-tight equipment Franklin Fueling Systems provides unparalleled simplicity in • Reduced site downtimes placing one order, having one point of contact, relying on one service team and receiving one consolidated shipment. • 100% Bio-fuel compatible options A wide variety of products, a world class customer service • Effective control of your fuel stocks experience and extensive technical background create a • Ensured environmental protection complete system solution where our services, features and • Solutions to keep fuel in and water out products set us apart as the industry leader.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Quality: in Situ Air Sparging
    EM 200-1-19 31 December 2013 Environmental Quality IN-SITU AIR SPARGING ENGINEER MANUAL AVAILABILITY Electronic copies of this and other U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) publications are available on the Internet at http://www.publications.usace.army.mil/ This site is the only repository for all official USACE regulations, circulars, manuals, and other documents originating from HQUSACE. Publications are provided in portable document format (PDF). This document is intended solely as guidance. The statutory provisions and promulgated regulations described in this document contain legally binding requirements. This document is not a legally enforceable regulation itself, nor does it alter or substitute for those legal provisions and regulations it describes. Thus, it does not impose any legally binding requirements. This guidance does not confer legal rights or impose legal obligations upon any member of the public. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the discussion in this document, the obligations of the regulated community are determined by statutes, regulations, or other legally binding requirements. In the event of a conflict between the discussion in this document and any applicable statute or regulation, this document would not be controlling. This document may not apply to a particular situation based upon site- specific circumstances. USACE retains the discretion to adopt approaches on a case-by-case basis that differ from those described in this guidance where appropriate and legally consistent. This document may be revised periodically without public notice. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY EM 200-1-19 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CEMP-CE Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Lead up to Prohibition
    CONTENTS Introduction 1 A Brief History of Alcohol Transportation 2 Ancient and Colonial Times 2 Temperance Rising 2 Post-Prohibition to Today 3 The Not-So-Distant Future 5 Alcohol Shipping and Delivery Laws in the United States 5 Interstate Shipping 5 Localized Home Delivery 7 The COVID-19 Alcohol Shock 8 Delivery and Shipping Law Reforms for the Long-Haul 10 Taxation Concerns 10 Underage Drinking and ID Concerns 11 Road Safety Concerns 11 Conclusion 12 About the Authors 12 Chart 1: Interstate DTC and Retail Shipping 6 Chart 2: Localized Delivery from Off-Premises Retailers 7 R STREET POLICY STUDY NO. 215 November 2020 consumers to stay at home, abide by social distancing pro- tocols and obtain their necessities via delivery.2 Even in the pre-COVID era, online shopping was experiencing a mete- oric rise, particularly among younger generations.3 Despite these trends toward an Internet-powered shipping COMING TO A DOOR NEAR YOU: economy, there remains a notable exception: Alcohol. While ALCOHOL DELIVERY IN THE many locales around the country allow localized home deliv- ery of alcohol—often known as on-demand delivery—a sub- COVID-19 NEW NORMAL stantial number still do not. Even fewer allow longer-dis- tance alcohol shipments that cross state lines.4 By C. Jarrett Dieterle and Teri Quimby This means that experiences which are a routine occurrence INTRODUCTION for modern Americans in most realms are often impossible when it comes to alcohol. For instance, unless you happen merican consumers are used to pretty much every- to live in a handful of states, you are precluded from order- thing being delivered to their doors.
    [Show full text]
  • Module 1 Basics of Water Supply System
    Module 1 BASICS OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM Training Module for Local Water and Sanitation Management Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP) CEPT University 2012 Basics of Water Supply System- Training Module for Local Water and Sanitation Management CONTENT Introduction 3 Module A Components of Water Supply System 4 A1 Typical village/town Water Supply System 5 A2 Sources of Water 7 A3 Water Treatment 8 A4 Water Supply Mechanism 8 A5 Storage Facilities 8 A6 Water Distribution 9 A7 Types of Water Supply 10 Worksheet Section A 11 Module B Basics on Planning and Estimating Components of Water Supply 12 B1 Basic Planning Principles of Water Supply System 13 B2 Calculate Daily Domestic Need of Water 14 B3 Assess Domestic Waste Availability 14 B4 Assess Domestic Water Gap 17 B5 Estimate Components of Water Supply System 17 B6 Basics on Calculating Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting 18 Module C Basics on Water Pumping and Distribution 19 C1 Basics on Water Pumping 20 C2 Pipeline Distribution Networks 23 C3 Type of Pipe Materials 25 C4 Type of Valves for Water Flow Control 28 C5 Type of Pipe Fittings 30 C6 Type of Pipe Cutting and Assembling Tools 32 C7 Types of Line and Levelling Instruments for Laying Pipelines 34 C8 Basics About Laying of Distribution Pipelines 35 C9 Installation of Water Meters 42 Worksheet Section C 44 Module D Basics on Material Quality Check, Work Measurement and 45 Specifications in Water Supply System D1 Checklist for Quality Check of Basic Construction Materials 46 D2 Basics on Material and Item Specification and Mode of 48 Measurements Worksheet Section D 52 Module E Water Treatment and Quality Control 53 E1 Water Quality and Testing 54 E2 Water Treatment System 57 Worksheet Section E 62 References 63 1 Basics of Water Supply System- Training Module for Local Water and Sanitation Management ABBREVIATIONS CPHEEO Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation cu.
    [Show full text]
  • Eutrophic Lakes
    INTEGRATED POND & LAKE MANAGEMENT Otterbine Aerators, Water Aeration Systems Industry Leader “We Treat Your Water Right” INTRODUCTION Aging Process of Lakes Causes of Water Quality Problems Water Chemistry Effects of Poor Water Quality Costs of Not Acting Preventive Practices Aeration Summary WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT Water quality is a critical factor in the successful management of any property. WATER QUALITY VARIES Water quality varies at each location Recent studies from the US EPA indicates consistent measures in first world countries. National Lakes (Water Quality) 44% of all 23% Good lakes rank 56% 21% Fair fair or poor Poor in water quality MAN MADE LAKES FARED WORSE Almost 60% of Man Made Lakes (Water Quality) man made lakes 30% are rated poor 41% Good or fair Fair 29% Poor Target man made lakes when developing water quality management plans IDENTIFY THE CAUSES Every lake is a unique ecosystem If you can identify the causes, you can implement a solution Focus on environmental balance OLIGOTROPHIC LAKES Oligotrophic lakes are biologically “new” lakes These lakes have very low levels of nutrients, usually less than .001mg\l of phosphorus These lakes have little or no algae and macrophyte growth. MESOTROPHIC LAKES Mesotrophic lakes tend to have intermediate levels of nutrients, phosphorus in the range of 0.1mg/l range and could be considered middle age lakes. These lakes have higher levels of phosphorus and experience some algae and weed problems. EUTROPHIC LAKES Eutrophic lakes are older lakes characterized by high turbidity, nutrient levels, algae and macrophyte populations. Phosphorus levels can be in the range of 1mg/l.
    [Show full text]
  • Frontera Energy Corporation Dated: March 27, 2018
    FRONTERA ENERGY CORPORATION ANNUAL INFORMATION FORM FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 DATED: MARCH 27, 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................ 3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS .............................................................................................................................................. 3 FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION ....................................................................................................................... 8 GENERAL MATTERS .................................................................................................................................................10 CORPORATE STRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................................10 GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUSINESS......................................................................................................11 DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS ..........................................................................................................................18 OIL AND NATURAL GAS CONTRACTS AND PROPERTIES ...................................................................................25 INFRASTRUCTURE ASSETS ....................................................................................................................................31 RISK FACTORS .........................................................................................................................................................33
    [Show full text]
  • Pump Station Design Guidelines – Second Edition
    Pump Station Design Guidelines – Second Edition Jensen Engineered Systems 825 Steneri Way Sparks, NV 89431 For design assistance call (855)468-5600 ©2012 Jensen Precast JensenEngineeredSystems.com TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................. 3 PURPOSE OF THIS GUIDE ........................................................................................................................................... 3 OVERVIEW OF A TYPICAL JES SUBMERSIBLE LIFT STATION ....................................................................................... 3 DESIGN PROCESS ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 BASIC PUMP SELECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 5 THE SYSTEM CURVE ................................................................................................................................................... 5 STATIC LOSSES....................................................................................................................................................... 5 FRICTION LOSSES .................................................................................................................................................. 6 TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Semi-Intensive Aeration System Design for Rural Tilapia Ponds
    Oregon State University Semi-Intensive Aeration System Design for Rural Tilapia Ponds Final Report March 14, 2016 BEE 470 Senior Design II Drs. Ganti and Selker Table of Contents Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................2 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................3 2. Problem Statement.....................................................................................................................3 3. System Overview ........................................................................................................................3 4. Design Process ............................................................................................................................4 5. Charge Controller Overview ....................................................................................................4 6. Battery Overview .......................................................................................................................5 7. Pump Overview ..........................................................................................................................6 8. Aerator Alternatives ..................................................................................................................9 9. Diffuser Overview ....................................................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Nitrogen Compounds at Mines and Quarries I 226
    VTT TECHNOLOGY NOL CH OG E Y T • • R E E C S N E E A Nitrogen compounds at mines and quarries I 226 R C 226 C Sources, behaviour and removal from mine and quarry S H • S H N waters – Literature study I G O I H S L I I V G • H S T Nitrogen compounds at mines and quarries Nitrogen compounds at mines and quarries ISBN 978-951-38-8320-1 (URL: http://www.vttresearch.com/impact/publications) ISSN-L 2242-1211 ISSN 2242-122X (Online) Sources, behaviour and removal from mine and quarry waters – Literature study VTT TECHNOLOGY 226 Nitrogen compounds at mines and quarries Sources, behaviour and removal from mine and quarry waters – Literature study Johannes Jermakka, Laura Wendling, Elina Sohlberg, Hanna Heinonen, Elina Merta, Jutta Laine-Ylijoki, Tommi Kaartinen & Ulla-Maija Mroueh VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd ISBN 978-951-38-8320-1 (URL: http://www.vttresearch.com/impact/publications) VTT Technology 226 ISSN-L 2242-1211 ISSN 2242-122X (Online) Copyright © VTT 2015 JULKAISIJA – UTGIVARE – PUBLISHER Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT Oy PL 1000 (Tekniikantie 4 A, Espoo) 02044 VTT Puh. 020 722 111, faksi 020 722 7001 Teknologiska forskningscentralen VTT Ab PB 1000 (Teknikvägen 4 A, Esbo) FI-02044 VTT Tfn +358 20 722 111, telefax +358 20 722 7001 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd P.O. Box 1000 (Tekniikantie 4 A, Espoo) FI-02044 VTT, Finland Tel. +358 20 722 111, fax +358 20 722 7001 Cover image: Johannes Jermakka, VTT Abstract Nitrogen compounds at mines and quarries Sources, behaviour and removal from mine and quarry waters – Literature study Authors: Johannes Jermakka, Laura Wendling, Elina Sohlberg, Hanna Heinonen, Elina Merta, Jutta Laine-Ylijoki, Tommi Kaartinen and Ulla-Maija Mroueh Keywords: ammonia, nitrate, mine wastewater, treatment technology, nitrogen recovery, nitrogen sources, explosives Mining wastewaters can contain nitrogen from incomplete detonation of nitrogen rich explosives and from nitrogen containing chemicals used in enrichment pro- cesses.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidelines on Food Fortification with Micronutrients
    GUIDELINES ON FOOD FORTIFICATION FORTIFICATION FOOD ON GUIDELINES Interest in micronutrient malnutrition has increased greatly over the last few MICRONUTRIENTS WITH years. One of the main reasons is the realization that micronutrient malnutrition contributes substantially to the global burden of disease. Furthermore, although micronutrient malnutrition is more frequent and severe in the developing world and among disadvantaged populations, it also represents a public health problem in some industrialized countries. Measures to correct micronutrient deficiencies aim at ensuring consumption of a balanced diet that is adequate in every nutrient. Unfortunately, this is far from being achieved everywhere since it requires universal access to adequate food and appropriate dietary habits. Food fortification has the dual advantage of being able to deliver nutrients to large segments of the population without requiring radical changes in food consumption patterns. Drawing on several recent high quality publications and programme experience on the subject, information on food fortification has been critically analysed and then translated into scientifically sound guidelines for application in the field. The main purpose of these guidelines is to assist countries in the design and implementation of appropriate food fortification programmes. They are intended to be a resource for governments and agencies that are currently implementing or considering food fortification, and a source of information for scientists, technologists and the food industry. The guidelines are written from a nutrition and public health perspective, to provide practical guidance on how food fortification should be implemented, monitored and evaluated. They are primarily intended for nutrition-related public health programme managers, but should also be useful to all those working to control micronutrient malnutrition, including the food industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Transmissivity, Hydraulic Conductivity, and Storativity of the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer in Texas
    Technical Report Transmissivity, Hydraulic Conductivity, and Storativity of the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer in Texas by Robert E. Mace Rebecca C. Smyth Liying Xu Jinhuo Liang Robert E. Mace Principal Investigator prepared for Texas Water Development Board under TWDB Contract No. 99-483-279, Part 1 Bureau of Economic Geology Scott W. Tinker, Director The University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas 78713-8924 March 2000 Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 2 Study Area ......................................................................................................................... 5 HYDROGEOLOGY....................................................................................................................... 5 Methods .............................................................................................................................. 13 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................... 14 DATA COMPILATION ...................................................................................................... 14 EVALUATION OF HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES FROM THE TEST DATA ................. 19 Estimating Transmissivity from Specific Capacity Data.......................................... 19 STATISTICAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Method 9100: Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity, Saturated Leachate
    METHOD 9100 SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY, SATURATED LEACHATE CONDUCTIVITY, AND INTRINSIC PERMEABILITY 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Scope and Application: This section presents methods available to hydrogeologists and and geotechnical engineers for determining the saturated hydraulic conductivity of earth materials and conductivity of soil liners to leachate, as outlined by the Part 264 permitting rules for hazardous-waste disposal facilities. In addition, a general technique to determine intrinsic permeability is provided. A cross reference between the applicable part of the RCRA Guidance Documents and associated Part 264 Standards and these test methods is provided by Table A. 1.1.1 Part 264 Subpart F establishes standards for ground water quality monitoring and environmental performance. To demonstrate compliance with these standards, a permit applicant must have knowledge of certain aspects of the hydrogeology at the disposal facility, such as hydraulic conductivity, in order to determine the compliance point and monitoring well locations and in order to develop remedial action plans when necessary. 1.1.2 In this report, the laboratory and field methods that are considered the most appropriate to meeting the requirements of Part 264 are given in sufficient detail to provide an experienced hydrogeologist or geotechnical engineer with the methodology required to conduct the tests. Additional laboratory and field methods that may be applicable under certain conditions are included by providing references to standard texts and scientific journals. 1.1.3 Included in this report are descriptions of field methods considered appropriate for estimating saturated hydraulic conductivity by single well or borehole tests. The determination of hydraulic conductivity by pumping or injection tests is not included because the latter are considered appropriate for well field design purposes but may not be appropriate for economically evaluating hydraulic conductivity for the purposes set forth in Part 264 Subpart F.
    [Show full text]